A story for preschoolers about the planets of the solar system. The most interesting facts about the planets of the solar system

This short note presents material on the topic: solar system for children. In simple and understandable language, we described the solar system, the planets that are in it and many other interesting things.

There are many objects in the Universe, including planets and satellites, stars and systems, as well as galaxies. The solar system, in which our planet Earth is located, is also full of planets, satellites, asteroids, comets, and many other interesting objects. Today, scientists suggest that our solar system was formed from a giant cloud of gas and dust. There are 8 planets in it, which are divided into 2 groups - the inner planets (they are also the planets of the terrestrial group). This group includes Mercury, Venus, Earth (the third planet from the Sun) and Mars. And the outer planets or gas giants: Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus and Neptune.

Between these two groups is the asteroid belt. And behind the gas giants are trans-Neptunian objects. The largest of which is Pluto. Previously, Pluto was considered an ordinary planet, but now it is classified as a dwarf planet and at the same time the largest object in the Kuiper belt.

The Kuiper Belt is similar to the asteroid belt, but differs in that it is 20 times wider and also in its composition.

solar system

How to remember the planets and their order?

Short mnemonic phrases, also known as mnemonics, make it easier to memorize various information by forming artificial associations.

On this page we have collected memories of the planets of the solar system for children that will make this sometimes difficult task easier. The only caveat is that when they were invented, Pluto was classified as a planet, and therefore it is present in almost all memos. And as we know, since 2006 Pluto began to be considered a dwarf planet, and now when memorizing it can be omitted.

Memories of the planets of the solar system

You can remember the order of the planets of the solar system (Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune, Pluto) by the first letters of the words M-Mercury V-Venus W-Earth M-Mars Yu-Jupiter S-Saturn U-Uranus N-Neptune P-Pluto in phrases:

• We Know After All - Yulia’s Mom Sat on Pills in the Morning!
• Little Bear Snacked on the Ham with Raspberries, Nimble Gopher Stole the Penknife.
• On a Frosty Evening I Climbed Jung's Mast, Trying to See an Unfamiliar Port.
• Mom Always Forbade Me, a Young Explorer, to Find out the Names of the Planets.
• The Sea Wolf Tormented the Young Jung, Completely Tiring the Unhappy Guy.
• We Will Meet Tomorrow, My Young Companion, Near the New Planet.
• The Wise Sorceress The Golden-Headed Fashionista of the Southern Countries Is Fond of the Newest Poetry.
• We Know Everything: Many Young Marmots Learn the Names of the Planets.
• You can fly beyond Mars, Jewelly Turning Off Our Planet.
• Mom makes strawberry juice, but the young son no longer cries.
• Venya measured the Earth with Marusya's Skirt, Satin and Uranium, He is a good-for-nothing Trickster.
• Gloomy Venereal Disease Can Quickly Slay a Tired Nymphomaniac.
• Maria of the Southern Sun Notices the Smile on the Beach Least of All.
• Little Peter Slowly Carries the Earth; The Garden is Decorated with Unbreakable Plafonds (Mnemonic of the Planets by Alexei Golovnin).
• Dreaming of getting married, take off your little skirt - you need to smile and kiss.

Remembering the order of planets in the asteroid belt

Masha Chalked the Earth with a Broom, And Yura Sat at the Spider Hole.
That is, in this phrase the letter “A” was added - the Asteroid Belt.

Memorization of planets from the farthest planet (Pluto) to the closest (Mercury) to the Sun

It is not difficult for the youngest child to remember the planets, knowing Venus and Mercury.

Poems for memorizing planets

The little hare rushed between the wolves,
slipped, stumbled, fell -
didn't get up.

All planets in order
Any of us will name it.
One Mercury, two Venus,
three Earth, four Mars.
Five Jupiter, six Saturn,
Seven Uranus, followed by Neptune.
He is the eighth in a row
and quite later
and the ninth planet called Pluto

There lived an astrologer on the moon
He kept track of the planets:
MERCURY - once,
VENUS - two, sir,
Three - EARTH,
Four - MARS,
Five - JUPITER,
Six - SATURN,
Seven - URANUS,
Eight - NEPTUNE,
Nine is PLUTO the furthest away,
If you don't see it, get out!

Verse for remembering 8 planets without Pluto

Mercury - one, Venus - two, sir,
Three - Earth, four - Mars,
Five - Jupiter, six - Saturn,
Seven - Uranus, eighth - Neptune

Blank verse for remembering the order of the planets

It is not enough to measure the earthly age
the youth of the garden is wretched
no fruit

Other ways to remember the order of the planets of the solar system for children and adults

Another way to remember the order of the planets is to compare them with other but similar words and write a sentence using them.
For example: My friend Venus (Venus) fades (Mercury) on Earth (Earth). Because she ate Mars (Mars), which was lying on the music stand (Jupiter), and threw the wrapper into a full, that is, full urn (Saturn), after which she shouted “Hurray” (Uranus). And it wasn’t a vocational school (Neptune), but she graduated from an institute, later running away with some rogue (Pluto).

Between two gods starting with the letter M: Mercury and Mars, there are 2 women: Venus and Earth. Behind the god Mars is his father, Jupiter. Behind the supreme god Jupiter is a planet unique with its rings - Saturn. The name Saturn encrypts both Saturn (SAT) and the subsequent planets: Uranus (UR) and Neptune (N). Following them, Pluto is not a planet, but looks like the dog Pluto looking with bewilderment at the pantheon of Greek gods in front of him.

Acronyms for remembering planets

Another way to learn the order of the planets is to use an acronym - that is, an abbreviation that is formed by the first sounds of words in a phrase. That is, this is a word that can be pronounced together, while it is an abbreviation. To memorize the planets, you can remember the acronym: MeVeZeMa YUSUNP.

Do you also know any interesting memory cards or original ways of memorizing the planets of the solar system? Write them in the comments.

Children over 4 years old become extremely interested in the entire space around them. It is at this age that most children begin to bombard their mothers, fathers, and grandparents with endless questions about what is happening around them. It can be quite difficult to explain some phenomena to young children, and parents simply get lost in the stream of endless children’s “Why?”

One of the most interesting objects for children is the starry sky. If you draw your child’s attention to the bright stars and start talking about the solar system, you can captivate your child for a long time and hear a huge number of different questions.

For the youngest children, the first knowledge of astronomy will concern the planets of the solar system. These are the things you have to tell your child about in a way that will interest him. In this article we will talk about how to do this so that the child understands what the Solar System is and what objects are included in it.

Learning about the solar system for kids

To explore the solar system with your children, you need to prepare a model. Some parents purchase a ready-made model in the store, while others prefer to make it themselves. In any case, the model of the solar system should consist of the Sun and large celestial bodies, or planets. Explain to your child that there are 8 planets moving around the Sun in space, one of which is our Earth. In addition to it, Mercury, Mars, Venus, Neptune, Uranus and Saturn travel in orbit.

Just 10 years ago, Pluto was also considered a planet, but today modern scientists consider it only a large celestial body. To help your child quickly remember the names of the planets and their order in the solar system, you can use the following rhyme:

All planets in order

Any of us can name:

One - Mercury,

Two - Venus,

Three - Earth,

Four - Mars.

Five - Jupiter,

Six - Saturn,

Seven - Uranus,

Behind him is Neptune.

A story about the planets of the solar system for children can be structured as follows:

People have been studying planets since ancient times. They all move around the Sun, including our Earth. The inner terrestrial planets are located closer to the Sun. They have a hard surface and high density. At the center of the inner planets is a liquid core. This category includes Earth, Venus, Mars and Mercury.

Jupiter, Neptune, Saturn and Uranus are much farther from the Sun and are significantly larger than the inner planets, which is why they are called giant planets. They differ from the terrestrial group not only in size, but also in structure - they consist of gas, mainly hydrogen and helium, and do not have a solid surface.

Between Mars and Jupiter there is a belt of minor planets - asteroids. They are similar to planets, but are smaller in size - from a few meters to a thousand kilometers. Beyond Neptune's orbit, in the Copeira belt, lies Pluto. The Copeira Belt is many times wider than the asteroid belt, but also consists of small celestial bodies.

In addition, satellites constantly revolve around each planet. Our Earth has only one satellite - the Moon, and in total there are more than 400 of them. Finally, the solar system is crisscrossed by hundreds of thousands of small celestial bodies, such as meteorites, streams of atomic particles, comets, etc. Almost the entire mass of the Solar System - 99.8% - is concentrated in the Sun. Due to the force of its gravity, all objects, including planets, are held in the solar system and rotate around its center. In addition, most celestial bodies also rotate around their own axis.

Yulia Shishlova
Summary of the lesson “Solar System” for children of the senior group

Software: This cycle of classes is intended for children 5-6 years old. It includes two lessons, one of which is introductory and introduces children to basic concepts. The second lesson deepens concepts and encourages children to be interested and explore the topic.

Goals: tell children about the solar system and show it; characterize the Sun as a huge luminary (star); name and show (on slides, illustrations) all the planets of our solar system, especially focusing on planet Earth; develop curiosity and teamwork skills; develop fine motor skills.

Preliminary work: on an evening walk with your children, look at the starry sky; sharing the impression that the starry sky makes on children; what thoughts come to them when they look at the starry sky; reviewing the Month and emphasizing the changes that occur to it during the month.

Tasks:

Study the structure of the solar system;

Teach to notice and analyze events occurring in the sky;

Deepen knowledge about our planet;

Introduce other objects of the solar system;

Learn the location of the planets in the system;

Introduce the key concepts of the space theme.

Progress of classes:

Lesson 1:

Theoretical part.

Conversation with children:

“Guys, on our walks you and I paid attention to the day and night sky. What do you think is the difference between them? (children's assumptions). What can we see during the day? What about at night? What is the Sun?

The sun is a huge star, similar to the ones we see at night. But the Sun is many times larger than other stars and shines much brighter. In addition, the Sun has a “family” called the Solar System.

There are many different objects in the Solar System - these are planets, meteorites, satellites, and other bodies.

There are ten main objects in the solar system. This is the Sun itself and the nine planets of its family. Each planet moves around the Sun in a circle and never runs away or changes its direction. These paths for each planet are called “orbits”.

Let's fly into space and check how everything works there! (physical education minute):

We launch the rocket - uh - uh (hands above your head)

We started the engines r-r-r (we run in place)

They buzzed ooooh, they flew Vzh-zh-zh (arms to the sides, spinning)

They arrived at the gas station and-and-and (sat down)

Refueled (hands forward, hands down)

Practical part

Now guys, we are ready to take a closer look at the Solar System. (showing a video about the solar system)

You were able to see with your own eyes how unusual and mysterious our solar system is. Now let's get acquainted with each planet separately.

(As the story progresses, the teacher shows the planets in a photograph, draws a diagram of the system on the board, and the children sketch it on their own pieces of paper).

At the very center of the solar system is the Sun. It's the biggest and the hottest. The first planet to orbit the Sun is the small planet Mercury. Then the beautiful Venus makes her circle. Our planet Earth moves third from the Sun. Little Mars moves even further. Beyond Mars is the road of the huge Jupiter. Next is the orbit of the unusual Saturn, which has unusual rings of gas and space debris. The following planets are a little similar to each other: Uranus and Neptune.

Conclusion: Now you know what our solar system looks like and how many mysterious neighbors it has. We will get to know each of them in more detail in the next lesson.

The issues of development and upbringing of children are considered the most difficult; each parent goes through his own path of “trial and error”, trying not to harm his baby. And many are interested in how best to tell about space and the planets of the solar system. For children, as for many adults, this topic is extremely mysterious and interesting, but it is very important not to overload them with unnecessary information. But in no case should you deliberately reduce material that might be of interest to little ones.

Peculiarities

So, what needs to be told to preschoolers, what basic astronomical knowledge is important to convey to them?

• What is the Sun, what is its role, why is the system called Solar?
• The location of the planets.
• Brief information about the planets themselves. So, a preschooler is already quite able to understand why Mars is red.
• Information about how the Universe began.

Particularly inquisitive kids can also be told:

• how planets differ from stars;
• what is a satellite (for example, why is the Moon called a satellite of the Earth);
• what famous constellations exist, how they look on the star map and in the sky.

Listening to mom or dad's explanation, the baby not only learns a lot of new things about the world around him. His vocabulary will improve, enriched with special vocabulary; in addition, astronomy classes will help develop thinking, imagination, and memory.

How to start dating?

There are several options for conducting your first astronomy lesson.

• The simplest is watching a movie with a preschooler with accompanying comments from the parent and answers to questions the child has. The BBC films are quite high-quality, they allow you to understand the enormous size of the Universe, and at the same time they are educational, although sometimes they contain unproven hypotheses.
• The second option is independent work. Mom or dad themselves will tell the child about the galaxy, that our galaxy is called the Milky Way, and the Sun, the star to which we all owe our lives, is actually not that big.
• Finally, another way is to play a game. You can find an interesting scenario here.

You can combine the methods by first playing with the baby and then telling him the theory.

How to represent the planets?

Astronomy is a serious science, not everyone is interested in it, since the composition of planets, the properties of red dwarfs and black holes are sometimes fascinating only thanks to science fiction. And so it will be difficult for parents. On the one hand, you need to provide truthful information, for which you should be savvy yourself. On the other hand, do not be too serious and boring, otherwise the child will very quickly lose interest.

There are several tricks that will help you find the “golden mean”:

• Make a presentation that contains text and photos. This will help not to miss important things and not to overload the child with unnecessary things.
• Use pictures, posters, cards - all kinds of visual aids. This will allow the baby to visualize difficult realities. Indeed, it is better to see once than to hear a hundred times.
• Together with your child, you can create a model of the galaxy.

This could be a drawing. For example, mom draws the Sun in the center of the sheet and at the same time tells that this star is a source of heat and light, all the planets of our galaxy revolve around it. It is advisable to explain to the child that the Sun is not a yellow circle with rays, as it is usually depicted by younger preschoolers, but a celestial body consisting of two gases - helium and hydrogen. The child will be interested to know that humanity has still studied very little of this most important luminary for us, since due to the high temperature it is impossible to fly close to the Sun.

Mercury, which is much smaller than the main star, is drawn in a similar way. For clarity, it is worth depicting the orbit in which the planet revolves around the Sun. Then other celestial bodies are applied to the sheet.

If you don’t want to draw, you can make a planetary model from plasticine, lay it out from colored mosaic elements, and sew it together. The main thing is that the child is interested, that he asks questions and strives to learn more.

A situation may arise when mom or dad don’t know how to answer the “tricky” question of the baby. In this case, you need to take a break and say that “we will certainly talk about this topic tomorrow.” Having prepared, you should answer. We must not forget children’s questions or be happy that the child does not ask again and, apparently, forgot himself. This approach destroys healthy curiosity and the desire to explore the world.

What to tell?

Let's consider what description of the planets will be interesting for kids.

• Mercury.

This is the closest planet to the Sun, so it is very hot here. It is small in size; during the day the temperature here is +350°C, at night – below -160°C. The duration of one day on this planet is about 60 Earth days, a year lasts 88 days. Interestingly, Mercury can sometimes be seen from our planet. To reinforce the material, you can ask the child to come up with what living creatures could live here. A preschooler may assume that these are some creatures that are not afraid of cold, heat, or sudden temperature changes.

• Venus.

It is very similar in size to Earth. The planet is also visible to the naked eye, has no water shell, and is covered with craters. Interestingly, the rotation occurs in a different direction than the others. To remember, you can draw Venus as a wayward, round young lady who acts in her own way.

• Earth.

Our home planet is distinguished by the presence of oxygen necessary for life. This is where the optimal conditions are for us, people, to feel comfortable. In addition, only on Earth is there the required amount of water. The planet's satellite is the Moon.

• Mars.

You can look at drawings of the planets, see the red surface, tell your child that research is being actively carried out in our time, that flights to Mars have become available. You can ask a question that will make sure that the material is being absorbed correctly: where is the temperature higher, on Mars or on Venus, and why? The child should answer that on Venus, since it is located closer to the Sun.

• Jupiter.

This is a giant planet, composed of gas, and is the largest in the solar system. A year on Jupiter is equal to 12 Earth years. There is no oxygen or water here, the number of satellites is more than 60. One can also ask, is life as usual for us possible on Jupiter? Ideally, the child should guess that no, since there is no water or oxygen.

• Saturn.

A beautiful planet with rings, the second largest in the solar system.

• Uranus.

It is called an ice planet because the temperature here is below -220°C.

• Neptune.

It has 6 rings, several satellites and its own atmosphere. Painted in a beautiful blue color.

Together with your child, you can draw the planets like this:

• Mercury - wearing sunglasses;
• Venus is a fashionable girl, for example, in a hat;
• Earth is a blue-green planet on which there is life (flowers, trees, animals, people);
• Mars – red;
• Jupiter is a large planet;
• Saturn - slightly smaller, with rings;
• Uranus – icy, light blue;
• Neptune is bright blue.

This funny picture will help you remember the distinctive characteristics of celestial bodies.

How to learn order?

A preschooler needs to know the order of the planets from the Sun. There is such a trick:

1. For each planet, use the first letter: M - Mercury, V - Venus.
2. Next, come up with a phrase, a memorable phrase, the words in which begin with the first letters of the names of the planets.

For example: We Call Everyone to Wash Yula with a Universal Purpose Product.

You can also simply reduce the planets to the first letters and place the hint on the picture that the baby will have in front of his eyes: MVZMYUSUN.

Expand the boundaries

It is very important that the parent’s story about astronomy is not boring and superficial and does not limit the child’s curiosity. You can tell your child the following:

1. About Pluto, a small celestial body that was previously considered the ninth planet of the solar system, but later it was decided to exclude it from this list. Some researchers do not classify Pluto as a planet at all.
2. What is an asteroid? This is not a planet, not a satellite, but a completely unique celestial body, which is a fragment of a lost planet. This idea will show that the Universe is changing, some celestial bodies disappear, others, on the contrary, are born. Individual asteroids form a belt that protects our planet from external influences.
3. Comets. These are beautiful celestial bodies with a tail of gas that periodically fly in close proximity to the Earth.
4. Possibility of life on other planets. An inquisitive child should be told that while the presence or absence of intelligent life has not yet been proven, there are several theories on this matter.
5. Structure of the Earth. The planet consists of a core, mantle and shell, that is, in fact, it is very similar to a peach: the pit is the core, the hot part. The mantle is the pulp, and the thin skin is the shell. People, like all living things, are located precisely on the shell. Only here the conditions are acceptable.
6. The Big Bang Theory. Without going into details, we can explain that, according to the most common hypothesis, our Universe arose due to a gas explosion that occurred billions of years ago. As a result of this process, the celestial bodies familiar to us emerged.
7. Stars. What is it, what are the most famous ones we know, how constellations are formed.

It is very important not to force a child to memorize the names and properties of celestial bodies, but to introduce him to them in a fun way, to arouse sincere interest and a desire to learn more.

Forms of classes

For preschoolers, the best way to get acquainted with the world of astrology is through play. Therefore, you can offer to play a homemade board game, which is a field on which planets and squares for moving chips are drawn. After throwing the dice, players make a certain number of moves. If they come to a stop-planet, they must tell something about it. The winner is the one who reaches the Sun first.

Other training options:

• Parents offer their child a model of the solar system - several pre-prepared schematic planets (you can draw them on thick cardboard) and orbital ropes. The baby’s task is to fold the model.
• When getting to know the stars, you can invite your child to draw famous constellations (first from a model, then from memory).
• Role-playing games. If there are several children, each of them tries on the role of one of the planets of their choice (you can even prepare a costume for the greatest interest), after which they talk “about themselves.” If the baby is alone, toys become “planets”.
• Make up a fairy tale. The child, together with his mother, composes a fascinating fairy tale about celestial bodies or the history of the Universe. Fictional events are intertwined with scientific facts, creating a unique text.

Studying astronomy with a preschooler and getting to know the planets of the solar system is the most important stage in the development of a child’s horizons and cognitive interest. Parents are required to talk about space briefly, but competently and interestingly, so that the baby wants to learn more.