The Master and Margarita, a book that left a strong impression. My impressions after reading the novel by Mikhail Afanasyevich Bulgakov "The Master and Margarita" My impressions after reading the master and margarita

In this essay, I want to talk about one of the most famous works Mikhail Afanasyevich Bulgakov "The Master and Margarita", which I really liked. According to V.Ya. Lakshina, Mikhail Afanasyevich wrote his novel for more than ten years. He dictated the last insertions to his wife in February 1940, three weeks before his death.

The basis of this novel is the conflict between good and evil. Good is represented here in the person of Yeshua Ha-Notsri, close in image to Christ, and evil in the person of Woland, Satan in human form. However, the originality of this novel lies in the fact that evil does not obey good, and both of these forces are equal. This can be verified by considering the following example: when Levi Matthew comes to ask Woland for the Master and Margarita, he says: "Yeshua read the Master's<..>and asks you to take the Master with you and reward him with peace.” Yeshua is asking Woland, not ordering him.

Woland does not come to earth alone. He is accompanied by beings who, by and large, play the role of jesters in the novel, arrange all kinds of shows. By their actions, they reveal human vices and weaknesses. Also, their task was to do all the "dirty" work for Woland, serve him, prepare Margarita for the Great Ball and for her and the Master's journey to the world of peace. Woland's retinue consisted of three "main" jesters - the Cat Behemoth, Koroviev-Fagot, Azazello and the vampire girl Gella.

One of the most enigmatic figures in The Master and Margarita is, of course, the Master, a historian turned writer. The author himself called him a hero, but introduced him to the reader only in the thirteenth chapter. I especially liked this character. Although the master could not pass all the tests unbroken, refused to fight for his novel, refused to continue it, but the very fact that he was able to write the same novel, elevates him above other people and, of course, cannot but arouse sympathy in the reader. Also, it should be noted that the Master and his hero Yeshua are similar in many ways.

The motive of love and mercy is connected with the image of Margarita in the novel. This can be confirmed by what she asks after the Great Ball from Satan for the unfortunate Frida, while she is clearly hinted at the request for the release of the Master.

In my opinion, the essence of the novel lies in the criticism of many human vices of that time. According to, again, Lakshin, when Bulgakov wrote his novel, he had great difficulties with sharp political satire, which the writer wanted to hide from the eyes of censorship and which, of course, was understandable to people really close to Mikhail Afanasyevich. Some of the most politically open places in the novel were destroyed by the writer in the early stages of his work.

For me, the novel "The Master and Margarita" is very important work that puts a person on new stage his spiritual development. After reading the same novel, one can easily understand why it has become a classic not only of Russian, but also of world literature.

Roman M.A. Bulgakov's The Master and Margarita can in many ways be called autobiographical. In the image of the Master, one can trace the features of Bulgakov himself. The author "gave" the hero fragments of his biography.

The master appears before the reader only towards the middle of the novel. Before that, we already have time to get acquainted with representatives of the “writing fraternity” of Moscow, to understand that they do not have a drop of creativity or talent. These people do everything for the sake of power, they are terribly afraid of free thinking, they really drive them away from themselves talented people. The master is a genius, so he was not accepted. After the publication of his amazing novel, the Master began a real persecution in the press. He was undeservedly scolded, humiliated, insulted. In the end, the hero was driven to madness. The master burned his offspring and went to the "house of sorrow" himself. It is there that the reader first meets him.

The description of the Master is given through Ivan's eyes, and at first we see that he is "... a clean-shaven, dark-haired man with a sharp nose, anxious eyes and a tuft of hair hanging over his forehead, a man of about thirty-eight." And immediately we pay attention to the "brown and very restless eyes of the alien." This is the face of a man driven into a corner.

The homeless man tells the guest the story of his ending up in a psychiatric hospital, and the reader suddenly learns that the author of the novel about the fifth procurator of Judea has appeared before him. Next, we are finally told the story of the Master himself and his beloved. He was a historian, worked in a museum, then unexpectedly won a huge amount of money, quit his job and began to write a novel about Pontius Pilate, which he had been thinking for a long time. Apparently, fate itself pushed him towards creativity, which slowly began to lead him to the abyss.

And then there is Margarita! This is perhaps the most beautiful, lyrical, romantic part of the novel! The meeting of heroes was meant from above. The creator and his muse-inspirer met: “She looked at me in surprise, and I suddenly, and quite unexpectedly, realized that I had loved this particular woman all my life!”

With the advent of Margarita, Bulgakov's favorite theme of love for the family hearth enters the novel. The Master's closet comes to life, becomes much more comfortable thanks to the care of his beloved. These characters live in a separate world where only He, She and Roman exist. This is how the most important theme of creativity for the writer enters the work. “The one who called himself the Master worked, and she, running thin fingers with sharply honed nails into her hair, re-read what was written ... She promised glory, she urged him on, and then she began to call him a master.” Margarita becomes the inspirer of the Master, living exclusively for him and his work. By the way, it is worth noting that she is the only character who does not have a double in mythological story storytelling. Thus, Bulgakov emphasizes the uniqueness of Margarita and the feeling that possesses her, reaching the point of complete self-sacrifice.

Unfortunately, an eternal stay in a cozy closet was impossible, the Master finished his novel and went out with him: “I first came into the world of literature, but now that everything is over and my death is evident, I remember him with horror!.. » Bulgakov describes this world of “artists” in very unattractive tones. At times, the bitter irony of the author is clearly traced: "I ... was received by some girl with eyes slanted to her nose from constant lies." Apparently, Bulgakov was describing an environment that was familiar to him. The master went with his offspring into the world, but who met him there? All kinds of brass, lavrovichi, arimans ... Small graphomaniacs engaged in pseudo-creativity. After the excerpt from the Master's novel was printed, these MASSOLIT plebeians begin to persecute the genius. Here Bulgakov raises the problem of true and false creativity. He is convinced that only complete surrender to the truth, the desire of the writer to carry the truth of the heart and mind provide the work with real immortality. Through the lips of the Master, the author makes a valuable remark: "It seemed to me - and I could not get rid of it - that the authors of these articles are not saying what they want to say, and that their fury is caused precisely by this." Apparently, some persecutors of the hero felt the full value of his novel, but fear and a desire to please the authorities took their toll. They poison the writer, bring him to crazy house and complete abandonment of his offspring. The master kills the novel and, overwhelmed by the society of pseudo-writers surrounding him, goes mad. master margarita bulgakov creativity

I think Bulgakov called his novel The Master and Margarita because it the most important heroes works. It is through them that the writer introduces the theme of true and false creativity into the novel. It was the Master who wrote the novel that runs through the whole work and raises whole line philosophical questions and problems. And Margarita is the one who always accompanied her lover. It was only thanks to Margarita that the Master was rescued from a psychiatric hospital and his novel was brought back to life.

My impressions after reading the novel
My impressions after reading the novel

Mikhail Afanasyevich Bulgakov "The Master and Margarita"

After reading worldwide famous novel Mikhail Afanasyevich Bulgakov's "The Master and Margarita" cannot but leave any impressions. How many riddles, mysteries and ambiguities arise in the course of reading, and literary critics and critics are still arguing over some of them, and are still unable to come to a single answer ... Bulgakov, in my opinion, managed to create greatest novel in the history of all world literature, where such diverse, but deep and “connected” topics would be touched upon: story line closely related to bible history, with events described in the New Testament. But the narration of these events in The Master and Margarita comes from the face of Satan. That is why you can often hear the second unofficial title of the novel - "The Gospel of Satan." How many readings of the novel, so many opinions exist. As the saying goes, “why chase in the footsteps of what is already over?”

Carries extremely deep meaning and, oddly enough, this meaning lies only in two characters who say things that make you think: light in the face of Yeshua Ha-Nozri and darkness in the guise of Woland. The reader sees incredible philosophical sayings and reasoning, meeting these two characters in the course of the novel. It is impossible not to think about their words:

"What is truth?"

“The truth is, first of all, that your head hurts, and it hurts so badly that you cowardly think about death. Not only are you unable to speak to me, but it is difficult for you to even look at me. And now I unwittingly am your executioner. You can’t even think about anything and only dream about your dog coming, the only, apparently, creature to which you are attached ... ”.

“Would you be so kind as to think about the question: what would your good if there were no evil, and what would the earth look like if the shadows disappeared from it? After all, shadows are obtained from objects and people. Here is the shadow of my sword. But there are shadows from trees and from living beings. Don't you want to rip the whole globe, blowing away all the trees and all living things from it because of your fantasy of enjoying the naked light? You are stupid".

Bulgakov, in my opinion, managed to create a masterpiece novel, where only a real master could so gracefully and incredibly connect the past with the future, darkness with light, show the eternal interweaving of love and fidelity, the confrontation between good and evil. And neither God nor the devil has anything to do with it: the people themselves are to blame for sowing evil towards each other. We must learn not to envy, but to forgive. Then maybe the world will become a cleaner place. It seems to me that the main idea laid down by Bulgakov is an inevitable punishment for deeds. It is no coincidence that supporters of this interpretation point out that one of the central places in the novel is occupied by the acts of Woland's retinue before the ball, when bribe-takers, libertines and other negative characters are punished, and Woland's court itself, when everyone is rewarded according to their deserts. And Woland is not the devil who does evil, but exposes him in the actions of people.

Truth, in my opinion, is present in every line of this novel. She penetrated into him in the same way as "the blood that went into the ground, and where it spilled, grapes have long been growing." Truth is something created by God and not defiled. What has not been touched by the hand of a person who always does everything for his own good. It is unlikely that we will ever know what it is. And if we find out, we will not be able to explain it to others, because it is inside us.

Each hero of the novel experienced his “meeting” with Woland or his retinue in his own way. But personally, I do not consider Satan presented from Bulgakov’s interpretation as a kind of dark personality… In The Master and Margarita, he appears as a bearer of the truth, like Yeshua, but unlike him, punishing for bad deeds. And the bribe-taker Bosoy, the financial director and director of the Variety Rimsky and Likhodeev, and the entertainer Georges Bengalsky, and the barman Sokov ... All of them were severely punished by Woland's retinue, nevertheless, in my opinion, they wondered why everything was happening to them. It is already possible not to talk about the poet Ivan Bezdomny, who, in the course of the novel, radically changed his life positions… The meeting with the Master made him reconsider a lot. But the very result of these people being punished is vividly presented by Bulgakov. They all have left bad memories about meeting with Satan and his retinue. Barefoot, for example, no longer likes theaters, Georges Bengalsky has lost his usual gaiety, and now Professor Ivan Nikolaevich Ponyrev, an employee of the Institute of History and Philosophy, has the same dream every full moon. The next morning he wakes up silent, but completely calm and healthy. His punctured memory subsides, and no one will disturb the professor until the next full moon. Neither the noseless murderer of Gestas, nor the cruel fifth procurator of Judea, the horseman Pontus Pilate.

There are no evil people in the world, there are only unhappy people.

Mikhail Afanasyevich Bulgakov.

As you already understood, we will talk about the great novel, or, as it is also called, “a novel within a novel” “The Master and Margarita”.

In fact, it was very difficult for me to choose between a thousand great works in order to talk about only one of them. For example, it is very difficult to compare the golden word of Pushkin with the gentle style of Turgenev, and the brevity and genius of Chekhov with the ambiguity and detail of Leo Tolstoy's letter...

The first time I got acquainted with this work was at the age of seven. Yes, yes, at that age. My mother, an ardent admirer of literature, and, in particular, Mikhail Afanasyevich, therefore " dog's heart” and “Morphine” were our reference books.

In 2005, the series of the wonderful director Bortko "The Master and Margarita" was released, and, of course, our whole family sat down to watch it. I remember my first impressions: this amazing music, which made me shudder, the magnificent play of great actors, from the very first frame ... All these elements were sewn together and created a fantastic atmosphere of "devil's goodness"!

Already at such a young age, after watching the series, my worldview began to change. Time passed, I grew up, and at the age of fourteen I decided to read this novel from beginning to end.

What feelings did he evoke in me? I can't pick up a fairly accurate epithet, but almost immediately I realized that Bulgakov was a genius. Of course, due to the lack of life experience and the necessary education, I did not understand all the things touched upon by the author, but still I could not tear myself away from the book.

I had no difficulty moving through the text of the novel from the 1920s of the USSR to ancient Jerusalem. I may not have understood many of the described things with my brain, but I felt the essence on an intuitive level. For me, the book has become a kind of Bible of life. Almanac of fate.

As time went. Here I am already in the 9th grade and I am 16 years old. Behind the first love, the first betrayal and even an unsuccessful admission to the theater college. Appeared and I have a complex life experience. And I decide to read the novel again. And after the second reading, I again get unexpectedly vivid impressions. This is some kind of magic, it's incredible, but it feels like I'm reading this novel for the first time. These feelings are indescribable.

A little about Bulgakov's humor is a separate issue. How he walks on the edge of a knife, how he accurately notices all the shortcomings of society, both before our era and in ours. Leaning towards the fact that society does not change. The images of the characters, both main and secondary, are very clearly and realistically spelled out. It seems that the entire library of human sins is revealed before us. How funny it is for us when we notice this in our neighbor, and how sad when we find it in ourselves.

The scene of the ball is spelled out both majestically and bewitchingly, one of the most memorable episodes of the book.

I think that all the most important human problems described in the novel: the theme of love, betrayal, friendship, good and evil, honor, pride, revenge, deceit, truth. How carefully Bulgakov leads the reader to the fact that true light does not exist without darkness. And it is difficult to understand right away - is this light good, is darkness evil? Or are they completely natural opposites that do not exist without each other and do not have a constructive formulation?

I recently read the novel for the third time. And he seemed new to me again. This is an amazing creative quality of a truly great work. Mikhail Bulgakov is a genius, and his work is a whole universe, plunging into which you understand forever that "Everything will be right, the world is built on this."
Aleksandra (usan-2016) shared her review of Bulgakov's novel The Master and Margarita.

…Sometimes you are surprised at how much your view of the world can still change after reading a good book!.. Then you perceive people somehow differently, and you become more frank with yourself, and in general your attitude to life changes. But how the worldview changes - it depends on the content of the book and on its author.

If we are talking about prose, then the plot is important: for example, an embellished superstition that has sunk into the soul can make a person devout, change his attitude towards religion; good stories O strong friendship if they do not instill a sense of responsibility, then at least remind them of it. But here the sincerity of the author is optional. Maybe. His point of view will turn out to be directly opposite to the opinion of the hero., The reader will not lose anything from this. Poetry is another matter. Poems are a reflection of the state of mind of the author, his thoughts. In a poem, the poet often speaks from his own, believes in what he writes about.

If the poet pours out his soul in the lines of the poem, then the soul of the reader picks up the motive of emotions, merging with the experiences of the author.

Many become real fans of their favorite poets. But it turns out that one can become a lifelong admirer of a novel, story, short story - not at all poetic genres.

For several years now, my reference book has been the novel The Master and Margarita by M. Bulgakov. In it - and love, and history, and politics, and religion; and all this satirically reflects the spirit of the twentieth century. Each chapter of the novel is permeated with the thought of the endless existence of injustice and lies of the rulers, the power of invisible forces, love, capable of anything but oblivion.

The philosophical and satirical humor of the work after the first reading is not fully understood.

I like the fact that each time you re-read a chapter, you discover more and more new details and non-random details that make you laugh and wonder how much has changed since the time of Pilate.

The most striking and original character seemed to me to be a cat, “huge as a boar. Black, like soot or a rook, and with a desperate cavalry mustache, ”with a peculiar name“ Behemoth ”, biting vodka with pineapple with salt and pepper.

Very typical for a woman in love, concealing in her soul both grief, and hatred, and tenderness, is the image of Margarita, the queen of the devil's ball, a feminine and vulnerable witch, infinitely in love with her Master and everything connected with him.

Horrible and cold seems to me Hella, in the past, perhaps the same as Natasha or Margarita, who in some unknown way found herself in the retinue of the Prince of Darkness.

Tireless and energetic Koroviev, a kind of mass entertainer with an eternal smile on his face and an ominous spark in his eyes. He owns the second, after Behemoth, place on the pedestal of my sympathies.

I would probably give the third place not so much to the hero as to the episode. Remember: the end of the first part, the barman Andrey, worried about the indication of liver cancer, came to an appointment with Dr. Kuzmin, paid for the examination with three labels from bottles of Abrau-Durso ... Next - an orphan kitten "with an unhappy muzzle", then - "foul sparrow”, dancing a foxtrot and using an inkwell in a very unusual way. And this, combined with the end of the events of the first chapter, doused with cold. It's both funny and scary...

In the same spirit, the events of midnight, in which the "Great Ball at Satan's" was held, the morning after the ball, the fulfillment of Margarita's desires are described.

The ending of the love story of the Master and Margarita is original and interesting. Mainly, thanks to the final phrase invented by the "Master": "... the cruel fifth procurator of Judea, the horseman Pontius Pilate." After this phrase, it becomes sad, as it is always sad to read the last lines, “Calm down” several sheets of the epilogue, ending the novel with the same final phrase.