How to grow large garlic in the garden. Secrets of growing large garlic in the country When and how to plant winter garlic

In city apartments, it is rare to see a person who grows garlic in the house. Gardeners are more accustomed to planting onions or parsley on the windowsill, although planting garlic is no more difficult to care for than green onions.

In addition, its feathers contain a large amount of useful substances. They give a piquant taste to any salad or meat dish, are indispensable for colds. Young greens have a mild, delicate taste. It is not as spicy as a garlic head, but also very fragrant.

At home, garlic is grown mainly for herbs. You can collect them within 1 month after planting. It is planted both in separate pots and among other plants as a compactor.

Experienced people grow it in several containers. In this case, you can enjoy the greenery continuously.

If there is a goal to grow not only greens, but also the heads themselves, feathers must be trimmed regularly. Arrows must not be allowed to grow. In the house, the heads of garlic grow small, with a small number of cloves. To obtain them, you need to spend a lot of time - at least 8 months.

Variety selection

For planting indoors in autumn, you need to choose winter varieties of garlic, but it is also allowed to plant spring varieties. If the hostess began to sprout a head of garlic, it can be planted in the ground. It is recommended to take zoned varieties as seed material. The most famous:

Polesky;
Otradnensky;
Anniversary;
Scythian;
Sochi-56;
Garkau;
Kharkov.

Selection of planting material

The easiest way to grow garlic is from sprouted cloves. They sprout within a week after planting, unsprouted after 2 weeks.

It is possible to grow garlic from seeds. However, this method is labor intensive and takes a lot of time and effort. You should not choose this option for getting room greens.

The cloves for planting should be healthy, with no signs of mold, rot, or damage. Soft, yellowed specimens for landing are also not suitable.

Before planting, it is recommended to treat them with a weak solution of potassium permanganate.

Soil preparation for planting

Land from the garden is suitable for planting. She must be fertile. This culture does not like loamy soil. If the owners decide to make the soil mixture themselves, it should include:

land from the site;
humus;
sand;
charcoal.

The second option for preparing the soil mixture is to mix the earth from the garden, peat, and humus in equal quantities.

You can also buy universal soil for indoor plants or for seedlings in the store. During planting, it is recommended to add special fertilizers for onions, garlic or wood ash to it.

Before planting, any soil must be processed by known methods:

potassium permanganate solution;
calcination in the oven, microwave, etc.

Tank preparation

Any container with a drainage hole is suitable for planting garlic: a flower pot, a box, a container, etc. Its depth should be 15-20 cm.

Before landing on the bottom, it is necessary to fill up a layer of drainage:

broken brick;
pebbles;
expanded clay;
small pebbles, etc.

The container can be made of any material: wood, plastic, glass, ceramics, etc.

Where to place garlic pots?

Garlic containers are placed in a sunny place. The room should be pretty cool. The best places for seedlings:

closed balcony;
window sill on the south side;
loggia;
veranda, etc.

Planting garlic in the ground

When growing in the ground, garlic cloves are taken and planted to a depth of 2-3 cm with the pointed part up. The distance between them should be 4-5 cm. The soil is slightly moistened in advance. A clove can also be planted next to another houseplant.

Winter varieties are planted in autumn. During the spring planting of spring crops, they are germinated in advance. To do this, you can take a small amount of cotton, wet it and leave the cloves to germinate on it for several days.

Getting garlic feathers in water

Garlic greens can be obtained without the use of soil. To do this, the slices need to be cleaned and put in a shallow container. Pour into half of the vessel. Feathers can be cut for the first time after 3 weeks, then after 2. Harvest can be obtained 3 times, then the clove must be replaced with a new one.

How to grow garlic hydroponically

Growing vegetables hydroponically is another method of obtaining crops without the use of soil. This is a new way, as a substrate here can serve:

mineral wool;
perlite;
peat;
vermiculite;
foam rubber;
coconut fiber;
small expanded clay;
gravel;
sphagnum moss, etc.

Before use, these materials must be thoroughly rinsed with boiled water.

The whole system consists in the fact that the plant is planted on the substrate and fed with a special liquid. There is special equipment for this, but experienced lovers of greens and vegetables have learned how to do it on their own.

You need to take 2 containers. One of them must be larger than the other. Holes are made on the walls and bottom of the smaller pot. Then the smaller pot is filled with the substrate, the plant is planted in it.
A large container should be opaque, fit a smaller pot. A special solution is poured into it.
Place the pot with the substrate inside the container with the solution. The substrate should be immersed in the liquid by 1-2 cm.
An aquarium air compressor is placed at the bottom of a large pot.

Vermiculite is considered one of the popular substrates for garlic.

In the video, the author shows his method of planting garlic in the ground for further cultivation on the windowsill.

Caring for garlic on the windowsill

It is not difficult to take care of planting garlic in an apartment, since this culture is unpretentious. It grows like a houseplant. All care comes down to:

watering;
ensuring optimal temperature;
top dressing.

Arrows on the plant must be removed in a timely manner. They can also be eaten. In the house, garlic is not affected by pests, and it does not get sick.

Air temperature

At an air temperature of 0-15°C, small bulbs may form. If garlic is grown for greenery, it should be kept on a windowsill, balcony, where the air temperature will be at least 20 ° C.

Watering

After planting, garlic requires well-moistened soil. But you can't overflow them. Watering should not be frequent, but plentiful. Moisturize as the earth dries out (depending on the temperature in the room) with settled water at room temperature no more than 1 time in 2-3 days.

Lighting

Light day for garlic should last at least 8 hours. For its growth, it is better to choose a well-lit part of the house. With insufficient sunlight, it is required to illuminate with fluorescent lamps. They are installed at a height of 50 cm from the plants.

top dressing

Garlic plantings need nitrogen the most. Fertilizers are applied only under the root. You can feed with:

sticks;
liquid preparations;
granules.

In the city, in the absence of organic matter, complex mineral fertilizers are used. If possible, you can also use mullein, chicken manure or wood ash.

Harvesting

The greens are cut when the sprouts grow to 15-20 cm. For this, sharp scissors are used. They reach this size in a month.

Feathers should be used immediately after cutting. So they will give all their flavor to the dish, preserving the vitamins.

If the garlic was planted not only for the sake of greenery, the bulbs can be dug up after 8-10 months. Then you need to put them in a dry, cool place to dry for 1 week.

Pros of growing homemade garlic chives

Garlic has long been famous for its antibacterial properties. Its greens, like the head itself, contain a large amount of phytoncides, which make it a natural antibiotic.

Garlic cloves can be added to any dish. They go well with any side dish. It is useful to add it to salads, meat, fried potatoes, etc.

Both an experienced gardener and a beginner can handle planting garlic. By planting it, you can diversify your diet with a new type of greenery. Growing garlic to produce heads is impractical. It is better to leave this option for giving, but growing its feathers at home is quite easy.

Many Russian summer residents have experience in planting garlic, but not every one of them can boast of results. Despite many efforts, it is often impossible to grow large tasty heads with numerous cloves. To avoid disappointment and save energy, it is enough to find out what features of agricultural technology exist and how to properly grow garlic crops.

The time of planting seeds depends on the type of plant and the climatic features of the growing region. There are two varieties of garlic - spring and winter. It is the belonging to the variety that determines the time of planting and the taste characteristics of the crop.

The winter species is sharp and non-shooting. These varieties are planted in the fall. Compared to spring species, they yield earlier, but are not subject to long-term storage. Spring garlic is only arrowed. These varieties are planted in the spring. The main advantage of spring species is a long shelf life and versatility of use.

Some people practice growing garlic varieties at home for a valuable source of vitamins and minerals. To obtain the proper result, it is important to choose a capacity of at least 20 cm, use fertile soil and follow the basic rules of agricultural technology for growing a plant.

How to grow spring garlic

The technology for growing spring garlic involves planting in the middle Russian regions from mid-April. An important factor is the selection of high-quality varietal material. The choice of the right place for landing and adherence to the scheme has a great influence.

Choosing a place for spring garlic

For growing garlic in the country, a fertile piece of land is chosen. It is recommended to choose a sunny site, without the threat of stagnant water and without nearby groundwater. High humidity will lead to stunted growth and fungal diseases. The formation of a high bed will help to get rid of the hassle.

To increase the friability and breathability of the soil for better growth of garlic, the introduction of sand or peat into the soil will help. You can plant a plant not only on traditional beds, but also use it as a decorating element on the site, landscape design, decor is one of the unusual uses of the plant.

Scheme of planting spring garlic

You can get high yields only by providing the plant with fertile soil and proper cultivation techniques. Garlic is planted at a distance between rows of 20 to 25 cm, between each clove is left from 6 to 8 cm. The maximum depth of planting material should not exceed 3 cm, otherwise there will be problems with plant germination and head maturation.

Some gardeners, in addition to the standard planting pattern, use the following technologies:

in two tiers - the first cloves are deepened by 10 cm, the second row is planted as usual to a depth of 6 cm, the distance between them is from 10 to 15 cm, between the rows from 20 to 25 cm, the result is a double crop;
sowing - the cloves are laid out in a chaotic manner or simply scattered around the garden.

The first method is more often used when the garden plot is limited, the second, if you want to save time.

How to grow winter garlic

The soil for garlic should be of good looseness and fertility. During the season, the soil is enriched 3 times. In order for the variety to grow and bring a good harvest, the place should not be flooded, as waterlogging negatively affects the growth of the plant.

Before planting, the soil is carefully loosened and shed to a depth of at least 30 cm.

Planted cloves 35 days before a cold snap. In the time before frost, the seeds should form a root system, but the green mass should not appear above ground level. Garlic planted ahead of time will germinate, and being late in planting dates threatens the plant with freezing.

The cloves are planted in compliance with the distance between the beds of 20 or 25 cm. The depth of seeding should be from 4 to 5 cm, between them leave from 6 to 8 cm. After planting, after 2 weeks, 2 cm of peat is formed on the beds, which will allow the plant to winter better .

Preparing beds for winter garlic

Before planting, the soil is carefully loosened and shed to a depth of at least 30 cm. It is important to consider what kind of soil garlic loves. The soil should not be acidic; if there is a similar problem, chalk or ash is added to the garden. It is important to follow the rules of cultivation, that is, do not plant a plant for several years in the same place and take into account garden crops that are favorable for the neighborhood. It is not recommended to grow a plant in one place for more than 3 years. The best predecessors are pumpkin, cabbage, legumes.

The preparation of the beds must begin in August. In 1 m 2 of soil, humus or compost must be added, 1 tbsp. l. superphosphate, 1 tbsp. l. nitrophoska, 1 glass of dolomite flour. Peat is recommended for clay soils. The bed is dug up to a depth of 20 cm and treated with a solution prepared from copper sulfate with a calculation of 40 g per 10 liters. The tool is prepared on the basis that 1 liter is required per 10 m 2 of area.

Winter Garlic Care

The first shoots appear in early spring, they need to be loosened. Watering is carried out as needed and stopped 20 days before the planned harvest. The rules of cultivation and care set the watering rate in the form of 10-12 liters every 10 days per 1 m 2. With sufficient natural rainfall, watering the plant is not required. Care consists in timely weeding, fertilizing and, if necessary, loosening. Summer residents when growing garlic resort to the method of mulching the soil, which can significantly save time on watering the plant.

Diseases of culture

Untimely planting of teeth and non-compliance with agricultural cultivation practices are often the causes of plant disease and poor growth. The most common is rust, which is when spots appear on the garlic. The danger of a fungal disease lies in the rapid pace of spread. The reason for its appearance is waterlogging of the soil and high temperatures.

Common illnesses include:

bacteriosis - depressions and sores of a yellowish tint appear on the teeth;
green mold - during storage, the cloves become soft and covered with bloom;
fusarium - the leaves turn yellow, the process begins from the top with a gradual death of the root system;
yellow mold - the aerial part of the plant turns yellow, the leaf plates become crumpled or corrugated;
mosaic - small blotches or wide stripes of a light color appear on the leaves, the leaves can begin to creep along the ground and the growth of the plant is greatly slowed down.

Fungal diseases often occur due to waterlogging and non-compliance with the planting pattern. Shading is not suitable for the plant, only garlic likes shade for growing green mass as a seasoning.

Planting material preparation

Before planting, only high-quality heads are selected. If there is a defect even in one clove, it is rejected. The cloves are carefully separated and planted, pre-sorted by size. Planting seeds of the same type in size will ensure uniform germination and ripening.

Winter and spring garlic is prepared immediately before planting, carefully separating the cloves.
For planting, if possible, it is recommended to choose the largest cloves, which will allow you to get a large harvest. You should not take heads with 2-3 cloves or fused together as planting material, as this indicates the degeneration of garlic. When using such seeds, it is impossible to obtain the desired crop volume, and the grown vegetables will be of poor quality.
A month before the proposed planting, it is recommended to place the garlic in the refrigerator, the temperature should be at least -3 C and not more than +2 C. The day before, it is taken out and the disinfection procedure is carried out. To do this, you can use various methods. The most popular is soaking in one of the following solutions:
ash, prepared from 2 liters of water and 300 g of wood material;
1% potassium permanganate;
"Fitosporin";
1% copper sulfate.

The teeth are immersed in the solution for 30 minutes. After that, it is recommended to place them in growth stimulants, most often used "Epin" or potassium humate. Organic and mineral fertilizers are first applied to the soil under garlic. During the season, top dressing is repeated at least 3 times.
Growing garlic seeds
Growing garlic indoors requires a significant amount of seeds, so garlic is often grown from seeds instead of cloves. In June, arrows with inflorescences begin to form in winter varieties, which are called “bulbs”, and it is from them that seed material is collected. In cold regions, a greenhouse can be used for planting.
For collection, it is necessary to choose healthy plants, at the time of bursting the inflorescence, the culture is removed from the garden and dried. To do this, the plant can be completely pulled out or cut off. Before direct sowing, the bulbs are cleaned, completely removing the inflorescence.
Growing garlic from bulbs
Growing garlic from air bulbs-bulbs allows you to significantly save planting material in the form of full-fledged heads. This method is not typical for spring varieties, but is used for winter species. In the period from September to the first week of October, the largest bulbs are sown. By July, each of them will grow into a full-fledged single-tooth, which is later used as planting material before winter to obtain full-fledged heads in the future.
For planting, a bed is preliminarily prepared, 3 kg of humus and 1 tbsp. l. superphosphate. The optimal width is 90 cm, with a larger size, care will be more difficult in the future. For sowing, grooves from 2 to 3 cm are formed, the seeds are planted at a distance of 10 cm from each other. From above, the grooves are sprinkled with loose earth.
In cold regions, the beds are mulched on top or sprinkled with sawdust, which are removed when the first heat comes and the soil thaws. Plant care is standard and consists in timely watering, loosening and weed removal. Some grow garlic in a greenhouse using a conventional planting pattern.
The first top dressing is done in July, at which point the plant should form 4 true leaves. To do this, use a solution of 2 tbsp. l. nitrophoska, diluted in 10 liters of water. If desired, you can use special organic fertilizers - Agricola, Fertility. For 1 m 2 there are from 2 to 3 liters of solution.
The second feeding is carried out after the first in 14 days. To do this, use the same solutions, but increase the consumption. For 1 m 2 use 3-4 liters of solution. The third procedure is done in June. To do this, take 2 tbsp. l. crushed superphosphate per 10 liters of water, using a solution in a volume of 5 liters for every 1 m 2.
Caring for garlic in August comes down to standard watering, weeding and loosening plantings. To obtain large heads of the winter variety in the underground part, it is necessary to break off the arrows before the onset of August.
choose a sunny, dry place for planting, with a strong acidity of the soil, lower the level with chalk or ash;
use only high-quality material for cultivation, having previously disinfected it;
observe the timing and scheme of planting;
timely loosen, feed and not overmoisten the soil;
monitor the health of the plant, at the first sign of the disease, immediately begin the fight;
follow the cultivation rules and do not plant garlic for more than 3 years in one place, choose the right predecessors.

Garlic harvesting is carried out from late August to mid-September. A signal of the possibility of harvesting is the mass lodging of leaves and their rapid yellowing. After digging, the heads must be thoroughly dried for a week and pruned, leaving the stem at a distance of 6 to 8 cm.

Garlic is divided into winter and spring. Each has pros and cons. Winter yields a large harvest, but is poorly stored. Spring yields a smaller crop, but lasts until next year.

plant species

How to distinguish spring from winter in appearance? A rigid rod sticks out of the middle of the bulb of a winter crop - the rest of the arrow. The spring one does not have such a rod, so it does not shoot. The teeth of the winter bulb are large and form one layer. The cloves of a spring bulb are small and can be arranged in two or more layers. And the main difference is the different landing times. Spring is planted in spring, and winter - in autumn. And now about the main thing - about the rules of landing.

Video about growing garlic

The technology of growing garlic is constantly being improved. So there were several landing methods, which we will now tell you about.

Method number 1 - traditional

Under the culture, a place is taken from under the early harvested plants: cucumbers, early cabbage, radishes, legumes. The site should not be located in a lowland and flooded with melt water in the spring - the teeth will rot and die. The soil is fertilized: humus or rotted manure is introduced, a shovel is dug onto a bayonet and furrows are made every 25 cm. Uncleaned teeth are planted every 10-12 cm. Plantings are closed, watered and mulched.

Photo of planting winter garlic

Method number 2 - double landing

Double planting garlic is relevant for small areas. The main secret is that garlic is planted in 2 levels (tiers). This is done in the fall or at the end of August. The first row is located below, the second - above. We dig a groove deeper and lay out the first level of teeth at a depth of 11-12 cm. Someone will say - deep. Do not worry. They will feel great there.

We fall asleep with earth and lay out the second row at a depth of 6-7 cm. Between the teeth we make a distance of 10-15 cm, between the grooves - 25 cm. Sprinkle with earth. It turns out one tooth over the other. No one interferes with anyone, everything is enough for everyone.

Method number 3 - sowing

You can also not stick teeth into the ground, but sow, that is, lay them on a barrel or just throw them in rows. The only thing that may confuse you is the garlic head lying on its side and the crooked neck. But this does not affect the quality of products, the taste and size of the bulb.

Pictured is planting garlic

The teeth were planted and mulched. In the spring they immediately begin to grow. The tooth that turned out to be lower is in more favorable conditions. He is deeper and he is warmer there. He developed the root system better. And the one that is higher warms up faster in the spring.

When to harvest garlic? The bulbs are harvested when the arrow bursts. Why then break out the arrows? If you leave them, then the garlic heads will grow less. The arrow takes on food, as bulbils form on it, but it’s worth leaving a few. Garlic arrows will show you when it's ready to be harvested. The arrows are broken out not when they just appeared from the stem, but when they made a circle.

When to plant garlic?

Every autumn this question arises in all gardeners. And here, as they say, how many people, so many opinions. Someone prefers to plant a bulb 2-3 weeks before the ground freezes. The tooth manages to take root and in the spring willingly starts growing. But the early August and September planting is considered not correct, since the tips of the feather begin to turn yellow early in the plant. We will not convince you of the correctness or incorrectness of a particular method. We will tell you about our interesting experience.

We planted garlic in three terms: August 20, September 20 and October 20. The August planting gave the best harvest. He overwintered the best. If you think about it, it immediately becomes clear why this is so. We planted him early, he managed to take root well, gained strength and immediately drove him into growth in the spring. And the worst harvest was from the October planting. It did not really take root, overwintered poorly and grew little.

If the plant managed to sprout from the August and September planting, then nothing terrible happened. That's the way it should be. To check if the August planting is so effective, plant some of the teeth early, and some when it seems right to you, and then compare the results.

You ask why sprouted garlic does not freeze? When he gave roots, the composition of the cell sap changed, there was more sugar in it. Try freezing the syrup. The syrup won't freeze, but the water will. That is, after germination, it passes into another state, it simply “falls asleep” for the winter.

top dressing

Feeding garlic in the summer closer to harvest is already useless. If you are going to feed him, then this should be done in May - June. Then he gains the weight of the bulb itself from the pen. When he wakes up, he needs it. As a top dressing, take an infusion of biohumus or horse manure. It is desirable to mulch plantings with humus or straw cut into pieces.

The aisles are sprinkled with ash from pests. Mulching helps retain moisture in the soil and protects the bulbs from overheating. You can not mulch the garlic. Cultivation and care then consist of top dressing, regular loosening, weed removal and watering.

Another rule: for planting, choose the largest teeth. Let's plant small - small bulbs and get. If the tops turn yellow, then this indicates damage to the root system. Causes: gnawed roots by pests or the action of soil rot.

If the plantings are mulched, then there is no need to water them. Under normal weather conditions, rain moisture is sufficient. After all, the clove has already grown roots, it will draw moisture out of the soil, and form a good bulb.

Also prefers fertile soil. If necessary, humus or rotted manure is added to the soil in the amount of 3-5 kg/m2. The teeth are planted in rows at a distance of 6-7 cm from each other. A distance of 25-28 cm is maintained between rows. The approximate depth of embedding garlic cloves is 3 cm. We will describe two methods.

Method number 1 - traditional

Planted in spring in early spring on April 15-25. Before planting, the heads are divided into cloves and sorted by size. Slices of each size are preferably planted in separate grooves. Care consists in regular loosening of row-spacings, watering and removal of weeds. If the plantings are mulched, as mentioned above, there is no need for watering.

Method number 2 - sprouted teeth

Garlic heads are stored all winter at a temperature of 20 0 C. At the end of March, the onions are disassembled into slices, soaked for 3 hours in water at room temperature, taken out to the cellar, where they are laid out in one layer and covered with rags or film. When the roots grow 2-5 cm long, the teeth are planted in moist soil.

Photo of planting garlic

Spring plants are fed, as well as winter plants, with infusion of mullein, biohumus or horse manure. From inorganic fertilizers, urea is used at the rate of 1 matchbox per bucket of water when shoots appear, then after 10 days and a third time at the end of June. From pests in the aisles, ash is scattered.

Spring bulbs are harvested during the mass drying of the feather of the lower tier of the plant in the third decade of August - the first decade of September. The bulbs selected from the soil are laid out in one row for drying under a canopy. The tops must be completely dry. Do not rush to cut the green shoots of garlic, as the bulb receives nutrition from them and continues to grow during drying. Dry tops are cut off, leaving 5 cm.

Garlic tends to degenerate, like potatoes. When propagated by teeth, diseases gradually accumulate in the culture, the yield decreases. To prevent this from happening, from time to time garlic is renewed from bulbs (air). In the first year, single teeth are obtained from the air. In the second year, full-fledged bulbs grow from them. Garlic turns out to be healthy and there is no need to run around looking for planting material, especially since it is quite expensive.

Photograph of garlic

Bulbs are taken from plants in which the arrow was left. When the inflorescence bursts and the bulbs turn into the color characteristic of this variety, the inflorescences are broken out, put in a dry place for ripening. Bulbs with a diameter of 4-5 mm are taken for landing.

Method number 1 - traditional

Bulbs are sown in the first days of October. Humus 3-4 kg per 1 m 2 is introduced into the soil, dug up. Make rows up to 4 cm deep at a distance of 10 cm from each other. The rows are watered, every 3 cm air is laid out and sprinkled with earth. In spring and summer, care for crops is the same as for ordinary garlic. By the beginning of August, single-toothed bulbs grow from the bulbs, which are dug out when the tops turn yellow. They are dried and used for autumn planting on a full-fledged bulb.

Method number 2 - direct

In the first year, single-toothed teeth are grown from air worms using the traditional method. In August, single teeth are not dug up, but left for the winter in the soil. The following spring, the plants are carefully thinned out, thus increasing the distance between the remaining bulbs. By the end of May, the distance between rows should be 25 cm, and between single teeth in a row - 10-12 cm.

Video about growing garlic and caring for it

Method number 3 - growing through winter

Bulbs are sown in the first half of June. Until then, they are stored unthreshed in the refrigerator. By the second decade of September, the plants already have 4-5 leaves, a good root system and a thick, pencil-thick stem. In October, winter plants harden and overwinter well. The following year, full-fledged bulbs develop from them.

We shared with you all the secrets that we used ourselves. Now you know how to grow garlic. It's up to you. Choose the method you like, and preferably a few, so that later you can compare the results and grow a huge crop, to your delight and your neighbors to envy.

Garlic is one of the most beloved vegetables of our gardeners and gardeners. It can be grown in almost all regions of Russia. In order to get a good harvest, you should follow the technology of planting, caring for and storing bulbs. Let's take a closer look at how to grow garlic.

When to plant garlic

Garlic is one of the few cultivated plants that can be planted both in spring and autumn. In the first case, it is called spring, in the second - winter. In cold regions, garlic is usually planted in the fall, and in warm regions, in the spring. In the latter case, the teeth are buried in the ground already slightly sprouted. Spring planting should be done as early as possible. Ideally, the ground should not even dry out after the snow melts. Only in this case it is possible to obtain sufficiently large heads.

Choosing a place and preparing beds for spring garlic

How to grow garlic on heads and greens in order to achieve a good harvest? Of course, the bed for this vegetable must be carefully prepared. Best of all, this crop grows on loose, well-fertilized soils with organic matter. To get large heads, garlic is planted in a sunny place. In the event that you need greenery, break a bed under fruit trees, somewhere in partial shade.

The best predecessors for this vegetable are cauliflower, cucumbers, pumpkin, zucchini, beets, carrots, beans and peas. After onions, garlic can be planted only after 3-4 years. Every year the bed is broken in a different place. It is not recommended to plant garlic next to potatoes. The fact is that these plants are prone to similar diseases.

Scheme of planting spring garlic

How to grow good garlic? It is quite possible, you just need to follow all the rules. First of all, you should properly fit the heads. Garlic is grown both in mulched and in ordinary beds. In the first case, the teeth are planted to a depth of about 5 mm. If mulch is not provided, planting should be done at a depth of 7.5-10 mm. Of course, the cloves must be buried in the soil with the root part down. The distance between the holes should be 10-15 cm, between the rows - about 25-30 cm. In the event that the garden is small, you can plant garlic more often. However, the heads will grow smaller.

How to grow spring garlic

Mulch on beds with garlic is still worth using. This greatly increases the yield. Plant beds can be covered with straw, reeds, leaves, etc. Arrows should be removed immediately as they appear. Otherwise, you will not get big heads. Arrows take a lot of nutrients from the plant. Many summer residents use them as a seasoning in the preparation of baked meat dishes. They also go well as a roast for borscht. Water the garlic moderately, but the drying of the soil under it should not be allowed.

Preparing beds for winter garlic

We have found out how to grow a good crop of spring garlic. Now let's see how to get a large number of large heads of winter. Prepare the beds for it begin two weeks before planting. The fact is that the soil must first sag well. If you plant garlic after cabbage, eggplant or legumes, under which a lot of compost or manure was applied in the summer, there is no particular need to fertilize the soil with organic matter. However, mineral supplementation is still worth doing. In this case, a mixture of the following composition is used: 40 g of superphosphate, 15-30 g of ammofoska, 10 g of potassium chloride. The indicated amount of ingredients is used to fertilize 1m 2 of soil. If garlic is planted where organic matter has not been applied, the soil should be fertilized with humus or compost in an amount of approximately 6 kg / m 2.

Compost, humus and mineral fertilizers should be applied as evenly as possible. Scatter them on the garden bed and dig it up. Then carefully loosen the soil with a rake.

Planting material preparation

Now let's see how to grow winter garlic. Teeth should be prepared before planting. The heads are kept in a cool room for two weeks (at a temperature of about 5 ° C). They should be divided into teeth a day before planting. Planting material should be carefully sorted. It is best to plant teeth of medium and large size. Cracked, double-topped and rotten should be discarded. In order to protect future plants from various kinds of diseases, the teeth must be disinfected. To do this, prepare a solution of copper sulfate (4 g per liter of water). Planting material is kept in it for half an hour. For disinfection, you can also use a lye solution. It is prepared from ash (1 tbsp boiled in a liter of water for half an hour).

When to plant winter garlic?

If you wondered "how to grow a good crop of garlic", you should definitely find out what rules for planting it exist. It is very important to meet deadlines here. Before frost, the garlic must take root, but not grow. Approximately, the landing begins somewhere in the twentieth of September (for central Russia).

How to plant winter garlic

For winter garlic, it is worth preparing beds about 20 cm high and a meter wide. They must be oriented from north to south - this is a prerequisite! This will ensure maximum soil warming in autumn and spring. The distance between the holes is 15 cm. Garlic is planted in three rows. The distance between them is 25 cm. The row spacing should be 50 cm wide. The planting depth is two heights of a clove.

Winter Garlic Care

How to grow winter garlic? You need to start caring for him in the fall. Immediately after planting, the beds must be mulched with manure or humus with a layer of two centimeters. In the spring, immediately after the leaves begin to sprout, the garlic should be fed. You can use urea or ammonium nitrate (at the rate of 15 g / 1m 2).

The second time garlic is fed in mid-May. Nitrogen-potassium fertilizers are applied to the soil. For the third time, top dressing is carried out in the seventh leaf phase. In this case, a mixture of potassium chloride (10 g/m 2) and superphosphate (20 g/m 2) is used. After each top dressing, the garlic should be thoroughly watered. The frequency of watering in summer is once a week. No need to arrange swamps under the plants. Water in moderation, otherwise the bulbs will simply rot. Stop moistening the soil under the plants should be two weeks before harvest. This will increase the keeping quality of the bulbs.

As in the case of spring garlic, arrows should definitely be broken out of winter garlic. They can reduce the yield by almost three times.

Diseases of culture

When discussing how to grow garlic in the garden, it is impossible not to dwell on pests. Various kinds of insects do not particularly favor this vegetable. Infection is rare and mostly only by nematodes or onion thrips. The first are similar to microscopic "worms". They live inside the plant itself. They do not cause much damage, but in some cases they can destroy the entire crop. Thrips feed on garlic leaves, drinking juice from them. This leads to slower bulb growth. Of the diseases, garlic is most often affected by white rot. After infection, the leaves of the plant begin to turn yellow, as a result of which it dies. Garlic also suffers from fusarium and downy mildew.

You can get rid of nematodes by planting beds with undersized marigolds with a strong odor. Plants are removed from thrips by treatment with a solution of karbofos (60 g per 10 l of water).

Growing garlic seeds

Many summer residents would like to know how to grow garlic seeds, the so-called bulbs. In the future, they are used to obtain single-tooth heads. In the spring, the largest cloves are selected and planted in a sunny place. Garlic is planted on bulbs a little less often than commercial garlic. Care for seed plants in the same way as for ordinary ones. After the arrows are completely straightened, the plants are dug out of the ground with roots and hung out to dry in bunches in a dark, dry place (you can in the attic). So they are kept for a month, until the stem dries completely. After that, it is cut off, leaving a stump of 2-3 cm near the bulb itself. The seeds should be stored in a dark, dry place.

Growing garlic from bulbs

Next, let's figure out how to grow garlic from seeds. Sometimes this method is also practiced in dachas. Bulbs are planted in the spring, after the soil has warmed up. Before planting, they must be kept in the refrigerator (at a temperature of 5 ° C) for about a month. Otherwise, you will not receive bulbs. Only greens will grow from unprepared seeds.

The bed is broken in a sunny place. Organic fertilizers are applied to the soil and it is carefully loosened. Do not bury the seeds too much, otherwise they will germinate for a long time. After planting, the bed must be watered with water. We hope you now understand how to grow garlic from bulbs. By planting the seeds in compliance with the established technology, in the spring you will harvest a good crop of single-toothed garlic. It can be eaten or used as planting material.

This method is good because the bulbs do not tolerate infection. This means that in summer the plants will not get sick. In particular, such garlic is never infected with a nematode. Among other things, this technology allows you to significantly save seed.

Harvesting

How to grow winter garlic, as well as spring garlic from cloves and seeds, we found out. Now let's figure out how to properly harvest the resulting crop. Bulbs should be dug up after ¾ of the lower leaves have withered. Winter garlic usually ripens at the end of July. Spring - at the end of August. Dig it up after most of the lower leaves turn yellow. First, for the sample, you need to pull out two or three heads of garlic from the ground. Bulbs should be well formed and dense. Digging up the harvest with a pitchfork. Pry up a clod of earth with garlic and pull it out with your hand along with the heads. The dug up plants should be laid out around the perimeter of the beds for several hours to dry.

Leaves do not need to be cut immediately. They store spare nutrients that continue to flow into the bulb. The existing arrows should be removed. The leaves are cut off after drying. Garlic intended for human consumption is cut off the roots.

Experienced gardeners believe that it is better to underexpose garlic in the ground than overexpose it. The fact is that unripe bulbs may well reach after digging. Overripe ones break up into teeth and are stored much worse.

Storage

The garlic, which will later be used as planting material, is best stored separately from the food. For the winter, the heads should be placed in a cool (temperature +16 ... +20 ° C for food and +18 ... +20 ° C for seed), well-ventilated room. The air humidity in it should not exceed 90%. Too dry air for garlic is also not useful (at least 60%), as it can dry out and begin to disintegrate into teeth. It is best to put the bulbs in slatted boxes.

Now you know not only how to grow garlic in the garden, but also how to properly store it. Here are some useful tips that may be useful to someone.

1. In order to prevent garlic from drying out during storage, you can put it not in boxes, but in bags made of dense fabric, sprinkling the heads with onion peel. Also, sometimes the heads are lubricated with boiled vegetable oil (0.5 l), to which iodine (10 g) is added. Apply this composition to the bulbs with a cotton swab.

2. Winter garlic is stored worse than spring garlic. In the event that you want to use it for seeds in the spring, after the onset of cold weather, simply bury the bulbs in the ground, to a depth of about half a meter, putting them in a plastic bag. Planting material saved in this way can be planted very early.

So, we have figured out in detail how to grow garlic from bulbs or cloves on our own. Take care of the beds, observe the planting and harvesting dates, properly prepare and store the seeds - and this wonderful vegetable will always delight you with good harvests.

How to grow garlic? This culture is bred in almost every suburban area. Such a plant can even be propagated indoors on a balcony or on a windowsill in a pot. This is due to the fact that the fragrant spice is undemanding in care and grows rapidly.

Below you can get acquainted with the varieties and varieties of the plant, as well as tips on how to germinate and care for winter and spring garlic in various conditions.

Species and varieties

To date, a large number of different varieties of garlic have been bred. But they are all divided into two types, namely:

winter (planted in open ground with the arrival of autumn);
spring (suitable for growing in spring).

Garlic is also divided into two large groups - arrowing and non-shooting varieties. In the first group, instead of seeds, single-toothed bulbous bulbs develop, which are used for planting crops in the ground. Often arrows let only winter types of garlic, and in spring this feature is extremely rare.

Large, large garlic can be grown from winter varieties. However, such a culture will be stored very little. Already in almost the last month of winter, the vegetable will begin to deteriorate.

As for summer garlic, the bulb heads don't grow as gigantic, but the shelf life can be up to 2 years.

In order to grow a good harvest of garlic without problems and hassle, experienced gardeners advise planting two types of vegetables in the garden at once. Despite the fact that the spring crop is in second place in terms of yield and head size, it is still stored longer than the winter crop. In terms of taste, both types of garlic are exactly the same.

Winter varieties of garlic are grown on a large industrial scale for sale. A spring vegetable is cultivated for long-term consumption.

In the country, you can grow different varieties of vegetables. For example, most farmers grow Indian and Chinese garlic (the "solo" variety), and also grow the "rocambole" variety (such garlic is called "elephant" or giant).

If you want to grow garlic with a head the size of a fist, it is advisable to use large-fruited crop varieties. For such purposes, it is best to take "rocambole". It is worth noting that only when planting seeds for the winter, the size of the heads will be large. If you plant a vegetable as a spring crop, the bulbs will be small.

Many are interested in the question: “Is it profitable to grow garlic for sale?” Such a business, of course, does not require large expenses, however, it usually does not bring high profits either. The main thing is to regularly care for the spice, as well as plant high-quality seeds, which in the future will give a good harvest. In addition, farmers and enterprises engaged in the cultivation of vegetables in the open field argue that such a business can be accompanied by risk and organizational difficulties. This is due to the fact that high-quality seed is not cheap, cultivation also depends on climatic conditions. In this regard, farmers often grow garlic in a greenhouse.

How to grow winter garlic?

Winter garlic is characterized by a fairly high yield and large dimensions of the bulbs. However, this type of plant has a short shelf life.

This vegetable crop is great for salting with other vegetables, as well as for preservation.

Landing time

It is necessary to plant winter garlic in the fall, when the weather will be cold outside, but the soil should not yet freeze. Landing is carried out approximately from October to November.

Soil preparation

One of the secrets of how to grow large winter garlic in the open field is the proper preparation of the land for planting a crop. A few weeks before planting the spice in open ground, the substrate must be mixed with sand and ash. You need to grow garlic from seeds in well-drained soil, since the vegetable crop does not like stagnant moisture, and also prefers soil with organic matter. In this case, the beds should be high.

Either compost or rotted manure must be added to the ground. To do this, a five-centimeter layer of fertilizer is distributed over the entire surface of the area, and then dug up.

Garlic prefers to grow in soil, the acidity of which will not exceed 6 or 7 units. If the soil is fed with compost or rotted manure immediately before winter sowing, the soil will not need to be fertilized until the spring months.

According to the rules of crop rotation, it is undesirable to plant a crop in the same area more than once every 5 years. However, often a small area of \u200b\u200bthe garden does not make it possible to adhere to this rule. In this regard, the plant can be planted in the same area if an interval of 3 years is maintained, and the correct predecessor crops are selected.

You do not need to grow garlic where onions, potatoes or carrots grew, because after their cultivation, the soil loses a significant part of its nutrients. Also, do not plant a crop after nightshade, which can infect the plant with Fusarium. It is best to grow garlic after melon, legumes or cucumbers.

To properly grow garlic in the garden, consider the following:

At the place where the vegetable is bred, the sun should shine for at least 5 hours a day.
The acidity level of the soil should be either medium or weak.
It is not recommended to fertilize the land with fresh manure.
Seedlings must be distributed at a distance of fifteen centimeters from each other and immersed to a depth of seven centimeters.

Properly prepared soil will be the key to a large, plentiful harvest.

Planting material preparation

To grow a good and healthy winter garlic, seedlings must be processed before planting in the ground. In this way, the culture can be protected from bacterial, fungal and viral infections.

For the treatment of seeds (lobules), various chemical compositions can be used, for example, Maxim or Fitolavin.

According to grandmother's advice, in order to obtain a quality harvest, the cloves must be dipped in a weak manganese solution for about 12 hours.

Immediately before planting, the seedlings can be immersed in a saline solution for 3 minutes (3 tablespoons of salt will be needed for 5 liters of water).

You can also treat garlic heads with a solution of copper sulfate (0.1 g of copper sulfate per 1 liter of water).

Reproduction methods

You can grow winter garlic by several proven methods. The following methods of culture propagation are considered the most effective: from bulbous cloves, bulbs and single-toothed bulbs. Which method is best, everyone chooses individually, based on personal tastes and preferences.

From bulb cloves

To grow garlic from onion cloves, on the day appointed for planting, it is necessary to make beds up to 2 meters wide. Seedlings need to be planted to a depth of 7 cm, while maintaining a distance of 20 cm from each other. The landing site must be sprinkled with a centimeter layer of humus.

For planting, you need to take cloves that weigh at least 4 grams. Garlic grown from cloves should have time to take root before the onset of cold weather. Therefore, it is advisable to sow the crop from early October to mid-November.

Garlic should be sown not with a whole head, but with single cloves. Therefore, before planting, the bulb must be divided into slices.

From bulbs

To harvest a high-quality garlic crop, you need to sometimes change the planting material. For this purpose, the seeds of small air bulbs of garlic are used, which develop from the arrow peduncle. As soon as the twisted garlic arrow becomes even, it will be possible to remove the seeds of the air onions.

Growing garlic from arrows is done for the winter in the year of collecting seeds (bulbs), which must first be sorted and then dried for a month.

The planting time, as well as the procedure for preparing the land, are the same as when growing a winter vegetable with cloves. Before sowing in the soil, the bulbs must be immersed in a solution of wood ash (1-2 tablespoons of the substance per 100 ml of water) for twelve hours.

Planting seeds is carried out to a depth of up to 4 centimeters, while maintaining a distance between planting material of 6 centimeters.

After planting, the soil must be covered with a two-centimeter mulch layer. With the advent of spring, crops need to be looked after in the same way as during the planting of onion cloves.

Initially, only a single-tooth bulb (also called a set) grows from the bulbs, which can serve as planting material for a new crop of garlic.

It is very important to harvest on time, because ripe single-toothed bulbs can self-burrow. The time of harvest is determined by the state of the crop, namely: the leaves begin to turn yellow and slop down.

After 2 years, the bulbs will reach the standard size of a garlic head.

From single-tooth bulbs

To grow large single-toothed garlic, sevok needs to be planted in the soil in the spring, in mid-April. If you need to bring out ordinary garlic heads, then planting is carried out with the advent of the autumn months.

Before sowing planting material, you should pick up the brightest, even and largest heads. Seedlings should be sown in rows at a distance of twelve centimeters from each other. The distance between rows should reach 20 centimeters.

The planting time and the procedure for preparing the soil and material for sowing are the same as for propagating garlic with bulbs and cloves.

Winter care

After the seedlings are in the soil, they will need to be covered with a thick layer of leaves or straw. This will protect the heads of garlic from sudden changes in temperature during severe frosts until the thaw. As a result, the bulbs will not freeze.

Caring for a grown plant is quite simple. The main thing is to do all the procedures on time.

With the advent of spring, the mulch layer can be removed so that the earth can warm up with the sun's rays, thereby accelerating the growth of seedlings.

When the soil warms up and the first garlic shoots grow, a small layer of mulch should be returned to its original place to retain moisture and prevent the development of weeds.

If the ground is not too dry, there is no need to pour garlic abundantly. The less liquid will be used when watering, the richer the smell of the vegetable will be.

In the summer, winter and spring garlic give arrows that need to be disposed of, otherwise they will not allow the crop to grow normally.

Cultivation of spring garlic

Spring garlic differs from winter garlic in the number of cloves and the size of the bulb. Such a vegetable is quite small and is not often used in cooking. However, spring crops are characterized by a long shelf life. This makes it possible to use the vegetable during the entire cold period of time.

Planting dates and co-propagation

It is best to grow spring garlic at the end of frost, that is, from mid-April.

In addition to meeting the deadlines for planting seedlings, you also need to choose the right neighbors in the garden, whom garlic will protect from infectious diseases and pests.

Clue! Lettuce leaves and spicy plants grow well next to vegetable crops. Remarkably, they can be planted on the same bed, alternating rows.

If you grow spring garlic near strawberry and strawberry bushes, the vegetable will scare away ants and aphids from berries, and will also contribute to high yields.

In no case should you grow summer (spring) garlic along with beans, cabbage and peas. The spicy plant slows down their development, resulting in low yields.

If garlic is grown in Siberia, then the material for sowing a month before planting in the ground should be placed in the refrigerator. And the day before planting, the seedlings will need to be removed from the cold, leaving at room temperature.

plant care

After planting, spring garlic does not need special care. It will be enough to moisten, loosen, feed and weed the soil from weeds in time to get a good and rich harvest.

To reduce the amount of watering, as well as protect the land from drying out on hot days, the beds with the plant must be mulched.

From May to July, the green mass begins to actively grow, so the plant needs to be watered four times a month. If there were heavy rains and the soil is too wet, then it is better not to water, so that there is no excess moisture in the soil. From the second half of summer, the number of waterings should be reduced.

During the growing season, the spring crop should be fed twice, namely:

For the first time, fertilizers are applied to the ground when the first green shoots are formed. For these purposes, a solution of wood ash is used (a couple of glasses of ash will be required for 12 liters of water). Nitrogen fertilizers can also be used.
The second time the plant is fed when the bulbs are formed. Here you can take either humus or some mineral fertilizers.

With proper care, spring garlic will bring many healthy and strong fruits.

Harvest and storage

Winter varieties of garlic begin to ripen by early August. As soon as the leaves turn yellow, you can start picking fruits. Cleaning should not be delayed, as the bulbs can dry out and begin to crumble. In this case, the shelf life of the product can be drastically reduced.

Spring garlic can be harvested from the end of summer, when the leaves turn yellow and droop down, and the bulbs are fully formed.

After the crop is harvested, it must first be shaken off the ground, and then dried for 1.5 weeks.

After drying, the roots and a little stem are cut off from the plant, leaving a 5 cm long stem for winter garlic, and 2 centimeters for spring garlic.

For planting material, it is advisable to take only large specimens.

Garlic storage conditions:

temperature regime for winter plants - +4 degrees, and for spring - +20 degrees;
humidity for all types of culture should be medium.

Many are interested in the question: “How much garlic can be grown on a hundred square meters?” The amount of crop harvested from 1 acre of land will be different. It all depends on which variety is cultivated in the field. For example, the “saved” garlic variety can bring up to 200 kg, and the “benefit” variety gives 400 kg per hundred square meters.

Growing at home

Garlic can be grown at home (on the balcony or on the windowsill). In winter, it is preferable to breed winter varieties of plants that can bring a good harvest of greenery. If you want to grow garlic arrows, then it is better to plant a spring variety of a plant in the summer.

For growing in an apartment on a window or balcony, it is best to use garlic cloves, which can quickly bear fruit. To do this, take only strong, large and dense slices.

From sprouted garlic cloves, fruits can be grown much faster.

For growing garlic on greens, a winter variety of a plant is suitable, since it is able to give a powerful green mass. Remarkably, greens can be grown even from store-bought sprouted vegetables. In this case, the crop can be harvested in a short period of time. Of course, you can take unsprouted garlic, but then the green mass will have to wait a long time.

As for the soil, the soil from the street must first be disinfected, and then calcined in the oven. After that, sand and peat must be added to the ground.

If the soil is purchased in a store, then you need to take a universal substrate for seedlings, which must be fertilized.

The capacity for plant propagation should be spacious and up to 20 centimeters deep. Also, there should be a small rim at the top so that water does not spill over the edges when watering.

At home, garlic can be grown in a ceramic pot, a plastic box, or a glass container. In this case, the container must be placed either in a pallet or on a stand so that the liquid can drain freely.

Garlic cloves are introduced into pre-prepared pits to a depth of 3 centimeters. The distance between crops should be 5 centimeters. The soil should be slightly moist. As soon as the seeds are introduced into the soil, they need to be sprinkled with earth and watered. After that, it remains only to wait until the first shoots appear. The ripening period is approximately 21 days.

Seedlings need to be watered every three days. However, if the soil dries quickly, then the interval between waterings can be reduced.

You can feed the crop with both nitrogen and mineral fertilizers.

The optimum temperature for growing a plant at home is +20 degrees. Therefore, it is best to grow garlic on a glazed balcony.

Periodically, the ground near the seedlings needs to be loosened. As a result, the heads will be large and developed.

As you can see, growing garlic outdoors or at home is not so difficult. The main thing is to choose the right plant variety and planting time for planting material, and then it will be possible to get a high-quality and high yield.

Below is a video showing how to grow winter garlic.