Why are monuments needed? Arguments "Historical Memory" for the Unified State Exam essay. Problems: memory, history, culture, monuments, customs and traditions, the role of culture, moral choice, etc. Why do we need monuments
This problem seems to me extremely relevant, since these days this is a very important problem that needs to be paid attention to because many monuments are being dismantled under various pretexts and shops, parking lots, etc. are being built in their place.
Many Russian writers touched upon this most important problem in their works. It is worth remembering the poem “Borodino” by M.Yu. Lermontov. In the poem "Borodino" Lermontov addresses one of the most dramatic moments in Russian history - the Battle of Borodino. The entire work is imbued with patriotic pathos, the author is proud of the heroic past of his Motherland, admires Russian soldiers, the heroes of the Battle of Borodino. This example testifies to the heroic deeds of the soldiers, which deserves to be remembered.
I think in real life There are many examples illustrating this problem.
For example, in yesterday’s news release I heard that a monument to the volunteers who fought in Donbass was erected in Rostov-on-Don. This event indicates that there are people who are ready at the cost own lives to defend the peace and tranquility of citizens.
Thus, the author of this text made me think about the most important problem of preserving historical and cultural monuments. I came to the conclusion that it is necessary to preserve the monuments, because this is the historical and cultural heritage of the nation, which will help not to forget the exploits of brave people and significant events happened all the time.
Updated: 2018-01-16
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Already in ancient times, rulers were well aware of the influence of monumental structures on the consciousness and psyche of people. Monuments with their greatness they give an emotional charge, inspire respect for the history of their country, and help preserve a significant past. They are designed to instill in citizens a sense of pride in their ancestors. Sometimes monuments are erected to living people who have distinguished themselves in something good.
Very little time will pass, and there will be no living eyewitnesses of the Great Patriotic War. The presence of a monument that tells about the feat of the Russian people will allow descendants not to forget about these years. In any locality In our country you can find stone evidence of this cruel time. Between monuments and society there is invisible connection. The historical and cultural environment, of which monuments are a part, influences the formation of the worldview of every resident.
In addition, historical and cultural monuments are information that is needed to predict future processes. Science, using archaeological material such as monuments, not only restores what happened in the past, but also makes predictions. In architectural terms, monuments help organize space and act as the visual center of public space.
For an objective understanding of cultural and historical processes It is important in society to preserve monuments. The attitude towards them is determined by society’s position towards its past and can manifest itself in ignorance, care and deliberate destruction. This depends on many factors - on the level of education and culture of the population, the dominant ideology, the state’s position towards its cultural heritage, the political structure, and the economic state of the country. The higher the education, culture, economy of a society, the more humane its ideology, the more conscious it is of its historical and cultural heritage.
Useinova Zemfira
WHY ARE MONUMENTS PLACED?
¨Monument – what does this word mean?! In him main part– memory, that is, it is a figure, a tile that helps us remember a person, animal or event in the future.
¨ Monuments were invented in Ancient Rome so as not to forget a person after death, to preserve the memory of him for “years”, for “centuries”.
¨ Monuments are different, for example monuments medieval architecture, landscape art, natural monuments, cultural heritage, people who distinguished themselves in something good, accomplished a feat.; monuments to writers, artists, composers, generals, statesmen; the first locomotive, tram, traffic light, water supply, sparrow, movie stars, movie characters. There are technical monuments - tanks, cannons, machine guns, airplanes...
¨ I think the most significant monuments were erected to the people who saved our ancestors: grandmothers, grandfathers, mothers and fathers during the war, thanks to whom we can breathe freely, walk, study - just live and grow...
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The work was prepared by: student of BOS No. 2, 3-A class Useinova Zemfira, scientific supervisor: Osmanova G.R.
prepare information material and a presentation on the topic “Why monuments are erected”, which can be used in history lessons and classroom hours. Why are monuments erected? Monument - what does this word mean?! The main part of it is memory, that is, it is a figure, a tile that helps us remember a person, animal or event in the future. Monuments were invented in Ancient Rome in order not to forget a person after death, to preserve the memory of him for “years”, for “centuries”. Monuments are different, for example, monuments of medieval architecture, landscape art, natural monuments, cultural heritage, people who distinguished themselves in something good or accomplished a feat.; monuments to writers, artists, composers, generals, statesmen; the first locomotive, tram, traffic light, water supply, sparrow, movie stars, movie characters. There are technical monuments - these are tanks, cannons, machine guns, airplanes... I think the most significant monuments were erected to the people who saved our ancestors: grandmothers, grandfathers, mothers and fathers during the war, thanks to whom we can breathe freely, walk, study - just live and grow... To preserve the memory of people - heroes, important events in the life of the country, the people, to know its history, we must take care of the monuments: lay flowers at them, and most importantly, we ourselves must remember and be worthy of them. In order to preserve the memory of people - heroes, important events in the life of the country, people, to know its history, we must take care of monuments: lay flowers at them, and most importantly, we ourselves must remember and be worthy of them.
In Alupka, on one of the alleys of the park, there is a monument to the Twice Hero Soviet Union Ametkhan Sultan, fighter pilot, cruise missile tester. Flowers grow at the foot of the monument. The flow of people does not end here: many honor the memory of an extraordinary person. In appearance, he, Ametkhan, is no different from others, but during his lifetime legends were made about him, he was unusually gifted by nature, he flew like God. They say he felt the plane and was very brave and courageous. Even a planet is named after this ace pilot. We owe our lives and peace to people like Ametkhan Sultan. This monument instills in us some kind of strength, confidence that everything will be fine if we grow up at least a little like those who defended our peaceful, clear blue sky. The hero city of Sevastopol is itself a monument to all those who died in its defense. Here, every inch of land is watered with the blood of its defenders. Brig "Mercury" There are many monuments in the city. For example, the brig "Mercury", glorifying the feat in the name of the Fatherland Monument to Nakhimov Admiral Nakhimov, Admiral Ushakov Monuments to the 1st - 4 bastions, the steamship "Vesta", Suvorov - the great Russian commander, Memorial of the heroic defense of the city of Sevastopol Memorial of the heroic defense of the city in 1941-1942 . These monuments tell us about people who fought to the death, not allowing the enemy to enter their native land.
The memory of people who have passed away should find a corner in the heart of each of us, we, grandchildren and great-grandchildren, must know about those who will never come again... My grandmother often talks about my grandfather’s father, Rejepov Usein, he is my great-grandfather, participant of the Great Patriotic War, was called up to the front from Simferopol, participated in the defense of the hero city of Sevastopol. He, an ordinary soldier, brought shells to defensive bastions under enemy fire. No one thought about heroism in the war, everyone felt in their hearts that they would die, but would not surrender to the enemy, would stand to the end, and with their body would cover the enemy’s path. My great-grandfather was like that; he was wounded in battle, crawling and dragging a box of shells. Heavily wounded, he spent a long time recovering in hospitals, and was declared unfit for duty. military service. My great-grandfather never recovered from his wounds and was awarded the Order of Glory, 3rd degree, and Jubilee Victory Medals. Our family remembers the Great Patriotic War sergeant Rejepov Usein, this is my great-grandfather, we are proud of him, his memory will be passed on from generation to new generation. “Tell your children about them so they will remember them! Tell your children’s children about them so that they remember them too!...” because “...It’s not the dead who need this, it’s the living who need it!”
There are many churches, cathedrals, temples in Crimea - these are all monuments that have come down to us from the depths of centuries, but we must take care of them so that next generations we could admire their beauty and study their history.
I am interested in cultural heritage monuments Crimean Tatars. In every city and village you can get acquainted with them - this is the Genoese fortress in Sudak, Swallow's Nest, Livadia Palace, Chembala fortress in Balaklava and, of course, the historical sights of my hometown Bakhchisarai, which is filled with outstanding ancient monuments. Khan's Palace You cannot pass by the beautiful Khan's Palace, surrounded by greenery. It is full of secrets and mysteries. Here, within the walls of the palace, in its courtyard, we can learn about the history of life Crimean khans Gireev. Zyndzhirly Madrasah And next to the tomb of the Crimean khans, the Muslim school “Zyndzhirly Madrasah” was built 5 centuries ago. Each person entering bent under the chain hanging above the door - he, as it were, knelt before science and knowledge, showed reverence and respect to this temple of knowledge. This university accepted young men who graduated from school. They studied mathematics, Arabic and Turkish languages, learned to compose poems, studied the Koran. Priests, teachers, statesmen. This ancient monument can tell us how children from villages were drawn to knowledge, and, of course, this monument is like a reproach, a reproach to those who do not need knowledge.
In different cities, individual memory and collective memory manifest themselves in different ways... In my head, for example, there is amazing news that was perhaps not on the front pages of newspapers or in the first minutes of news programs. It's about that a monument to Alexander I was erected in the Alexander Garden a few days ago. Big monument to the king, and quite distant at that. This news in itself may not be very interesting, but something else is interesting here. Next to this place there was another monument. There was a stele dedicated to revolutionaries and utopians from the time of victory October revolution. Of course, it was a memory of the revolutionary heroes of the past, but in many ways it was directed to the future, since it was set up by the system that naturally perceived itself purely projectively. This stele was quietly removed under the pretext of restoration (it was returned in the form of the Romanov Obelisk) and a standard king was placed next to it. Standard, because there was no competition properly organized, and this monument, according to experts, can be perceived as some kind of preparation that already existed in advance.
Question: what kind of memory does not even this monument itself symbolize, but the gesture of replacing one thing with another? I think that these kinds of gestures, which are made constantly, in their own way problematize our attitude to history, our awareness of ourselves - I mean Russians or Muscovites - in historical time. This gesture of turning to the past, and in the place where there was a monument to the future, seems to me significant in many respects. You can say it another way: this is precisely what erases any memory. This is the replacement of a certain sign of time, utopian time, with a sign of a time to which today we have no access at all. For us, this is truly an empty idol, the embodiment of some state ideology- something that, in the strict sense, has nothing to do with historical memory. That is, here there is more general question about what monuments preserve and what they erase in urban space.
Another interesting point- these are missing monuments, or more precisely, removed monuments and empty pedestals. There are such monuments - emptiness as a monument, non-monument as a monument. A dash, to put it simply. This is also a kind of perpetuation - but what? Or even in to a greater extent the embodiment of some expectations than an attempt to refer to the past. I think that in fact, multidirectional vectors intersect here, which are not necessarily directed only to the past and are not necessarily related to a specific image of the present. This is the intersection of vectors going both into the past and into in a certain sense into the future, the projection of today's expectations into tomorrow.
