State Museum of Fine Arts named after A.S.

• Second largest exposition of foreign art in Russia, including ancient monuments, paintings Rembrandt, Claude Monet, Degas, Van Gogh, Picasso.
• A unique collection of plaster casts with main sculptural monuments from antiquity to the Renaissance.
• The largest exhibition platform, periodically offering world-class exhibitions.
• Music Festival " December Evenings by Svyatoslav Richter takes place in the museum, combining music concerts with the theme of art exhibitions.
• IN around the museum you can walk along the neighboring streets and admire the architectural masterpieces in the Russian Art Nouveau style, visit other museums.
• All important information has been translated into English, there are audio guides, it is possible to get on a guided tour.

State Museum of Fine Arts. A.S. Pushkin is one of the most interesting places in the capital. Here you can see the first in Moscow and the second in Russia (after the Hermitage) collection of foreign art. However, the Pushkin Museum is not only a collection of ancient Egyptian monuments or a place where you can see original paintings by the classics Rembrandt, Poussin, Canaletto and the famous impressionists and post-impressionists Claude Monet, Degas, Van Gogh, Picasso. The peculiarity of this museum is that life-size plaster casts from all the main sculptural monuments of antiquity, the Middle Ages and the Renaissance are presented here. Thus, the museum provides an opportunity to immediately get a visual representation of the sculptural masterpieces, the originals of which are scattered throughout the galleries of different countries. The pearl of this direction of the museum is the Italian Courtyard - an exact copy of the courtyard of the Florentine Bargello Palace. In addition, the Pushkin Museum is one of the most active venues in the city, which hosts world-class temporary exhibitions. Recent events include, for example, solo exhibitions by Picasso, Turner, Caravaggio, Titian and Raphael.

Let's list the sections expositions of the Main building of the museum: Art of Ancient Egypt; Art of the Middle East (originals and casts-copies); Ancient Troy and the excavations of G. Schliemann ("treasure of Priam"); Ancient art (originals and casts-copies); Byzantine art; Art of the Middle Ages (casts-copies); Renaissance art (copy casts); Art of Germany and the Netherlands in the 15th-16th centuries; art of Flanders and Holland of the 17th century; XVII - XVIII centuries; French art of the 17th - early 19th centuries

The museum organizes tours, lectures, master classes. The music festival "December Evenings of Svyatoslav Richter", invented in 1981 by the pianist together with the long-term director of the museum, Irina Antonova, has a long tradition. The festival combines the theme of art exhibitions with musical concerts. Branches of the Pushkin Museum are located nearby and the Department of Private Collections.

The Pushkin Museum is located in the very heart of Moscow, between the Cathedral of Christ the Savior. In the area of ​​Volkhonka Street, historical buildings of the 19th century are well preserved. Two famous Moscow streets diverge from here - Ostozhenka and Prechistenka, where many architectural masterpieces in the Russian Art Nouveau style have been preserved. Numerous art and literary museums are located in the same area.

History of the Museum

The history of the creation of the museum is closely connected with the personality (1847 ‒ 1913). He was a prominent historian, philologist and art historian, a professor at Moscow University, and had the high rank of Privy Councilor. Initially, Tsvetaev collected casts for the University Cabinet of Fine Arts and Antiquities. This project later evolved into a plan for an educational museum for architecture and sculpture students.

In 1896, the terms of the Competition for the development of a project for the museum building were published. As a result, the project of R. Klein was approved. Work on the construction of the building was carried out with the help of well-known engineers I. Rerberg and V. Shukhov. Initially, the museum was not supposed to have electric lighting: the light had to enter the halls through the ceiling. The shape of the building resembles an antique temple on a podium with a colonnade. The Ionic colonnade of the museum building has a prototype - the famous portico of the Caryatids of the Erechtheion in Athens. The frieze behind the colonnade of the façade is a copy of the Parthenon frieze, and a relief depicting the Olympic Games is carved on the attic. The interiors of the halls are decorated in accordance with the theme of the sections. One of the brightest and most memorable examples of this decision is the Egyptian hall, in the design of which the forms of Egyptian columns are used, and the motifs of ancient Egyptian painting are reflected in the murals.

In 1898, a special "Committee for the organization of the museum" was created to organize the museum. Grand Duke Sergei Alexandrovich became its chairman. Almost 80% of the budget was contributed by Y. Nechaev-Maltsov, a major philanthropist and diplomat. In 1912, the solemn opening of the Museum of Fine Arts named after Alexander III took place. The ceremony was attended by Emperor Nicholas II and Maria Feodorovna (widow of Emperor Alexander III).

In Soviet times, the museum's collections expanded significantly, including through the nationalization of private collections, and the museum was removed from the private management of Moscow University. On the anniversary of the centenary of the death of the great Russian poet (1937), the museum was given the name. A specific episode in the history of the museum took place in 1949-1953, when the main part of the halls was taken over for an exhibition of gifts. Almost immediately after the death of the leader, the familiar permanent exhibition was restored and opened.

By the 100th anniversary of the Pushkin Museum in 2012, work began on the creation of the so-called "Museum Town": a complex of buildings to expand the exposition area and general functionality. By 2019, the project is planned to be completed. At present, the Main Building and the Gallery are open as usual, while the Private Collections Department only hosts temporary exhibitions until completion.

Museum collection

The collection of the Pushkin Museum has over 670 thousand exhibits, and the exhibition area of ​​the museum is 2600 square meters. The museum includes several buildings. The Main Building (Volkhonka St., 12) houses collections of casts and original works of art from ancient times to the 18th century. New art is exhibited in the neighboring building of the Gallery of European and American Art of the 19th-20th centuries. (Volkhonka st., 14). On the opposite side of the Main Building there is the Department of Private Collections (Volkhonka St., 10) and Museion (Kolymazhny per., 6, building 2) - a unique museum, the exposition in which is classified not according to the usual chronological order, but according to collections, in which the works ended up in the museum. The personalities of collectors-gatherers are given special attention here.

The Museyon Aesthetic Education Center was opened in 2006, classes are held here in children's groups, the Club of Young Art Critics operates, and exhibitions of Museyon students are held.

As already mentioned, the first stage in the development of the museum was a collection of casts from masterpieces of sculpture, which would help students in their studies. For the manufacture of plaster copies, molds made from the original monuments were used. They correspond to their actual size, which is very difficult to determine from photographs. Then the museum's funds began to come from philanthropists or to acquire separate collections of original works of art. One of the first was the collection of V. Golenishchev. This outstanding orientalist collected an excellent collection of ancient Egyptian monuments, which was acquired by the state and transferred to the museum in 1909-1911. The exhibits in it date back to the 4th millennium BC. until the 4th century BC Among them are real archaeological artifacts, for example, a bust of Pharaoh Amenemhat III, created in the 19th century BC, and a cosmetic spoon from the New Kingdom era.

Another early acquisition is a collection of Italian paintings of the 13th-14th centuries, donated by the diplomat M. Shchekin. After

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Time: 10:00-19:00, Thursdays from 100 to 21. Day off - Monday.

Cost: 400 rubles, reduced ticket - 200 rubles. Free of charge - children under 16 years old, students of faculties specializing in the field of fine arts, architecture and cinematography, universities and colleges of the Russian Federation, disabled people of groups 1 and 2 (citizens of the Russian Federation and the CIS), visitors in wheelchairs, persons accompanying disabled people of groups 1 and 2 , disabled children.
Free tickets: every Tuesday and the first Sunday of each month - members of large families (benefits are provided to parents and children under 18 years old or children under 23 years old if they are full-time students), every Wednesday and second Sunday of each month - persons studying in basic professional educational programs (citizens of the Russian Federation), persons under 18 years of age.
Please note that the Pushkin Museum im. A.S. Pushkin is not included in the list of museums available for free admission on the third Sunday of each month.

Address:

Pushkin Museum - Moscow, st. Volkhonka 12

Metro station:

Kropotkinskaya

The Pushkin Museum (officially called the Pushkin State Museum of Fine Arts) is one of the world's largest collections of paintings, sculptures, drawings and rare archeological artifacts. The collections of the Pushkin Museum are considered invaluable cultural, historical and artistic heritage.

In the funds of the Pushkin Museum im. Pushkin has more than 700 thousand exhibits, only 1.5% of the total collection is displayed in the halls. The museum complex includes several buildings in the center of the capital: the Main Building, the Museum-Apartment of S. Richter, the Department of Private Collections and the Muzeon Center.

Most of the expositions are housed in the Main Building, built by the architects R. Klein and I. Rerberg at the beginning of the 19th century. A huge house with a majestic colonnade and a glass roof is included in the list of architectural monuments of federal significance.

At the origins of the Pushkin Museum was the famous Russian archaeologist, scientist and teacher I.V. Tsvetaev. In 1893, he turned to the city authorities with a proposal to create a public museum based on the collection of the Cabinet of Antiquities of Moscow University. Tsvetaev proposed to form expositions reflecting the key stages in the development of art from ancient times to the present. The museum opened in May 1912, Ivan Vladimirovich became its first director.

The collections were based on exact copies of ancient statues and real artifacts acquired by the institution's management from the Egyptologist V. Golenishchev. Gradually, the museum's funds were replenished: many paintings were donated by philanthropists, bought at auctions, or received from other collections. After the revolution, the vault was replenished with valuables confiscated from representatives of the aristocracy.

Today The Pushkin Museum is a world-class cultural center that hosts scientific lectures, debates, exhibitions, concerts of classical and organ music, presentations, creative meetings, film screenings,.

The museum carries out a huge scientific work, equips archaeological expeditions, cooperates with specialized educational institutions, and educates children.

Permanent exhibitions

Painting

All expositions of the "Painting" hall are distributed according to the dates of creation of a particular canvas, as well as in relation to the art school or direction. The earliest exhibits date from the Byzantine period of European art. Basically, these are works of iconography.

Early Western European painting is represented by a unique collection of Italian artists belonging to the direction of the so-called "primitives".

In 1948, the Pushkin Museum received the collection of the disbanded Museum of New Western Art, which included paintings by outstanding French painters of the 19th and 20th centuries.

In the “Painting” hall, visitors will see original paintings by P. Gauguin, M. Pepein, O. Vernet, P. Elle, D. Pittoni, G. Kraus, L. Giordano, V. Vershure, J. de Trois and many others.

Among the masterpieces kept in the Pushkin Museum: "Lady at the Window" by A. Toulouse-Lautrec, "Hercules and Omphale" by F. Boucher, "Red Vineyards in Arles" and "Prisoners' Walk" by Vincent van Gogh, "Capuchin Boulevard in Paris" and "Breakfast on the Grass" by Claude Monet, "Pierrot and Harlequin" by Paul Cezanne and others.

A special place in the exposition is occupied by the collection of paintings by Pablo Picasso: these are eleven canvases, including the famous painting "Girl on the Ball", which has become the artist's hallmark.

Graphic arts

The Pushkin Museum has one of the richest collections of graphics in the world, which includes 20 thousand engravings that belonged to Tsar Alexander II, Japanese engravings from the personal collection of S. Kitaev, works by Rembrandt from the collection of N. Mosolov, Russian engravings that belonged to D. Rovinsky and etc.

The museum contains more than 380 thousand engravings and drawings. The exposition presents the most famous works of great masters: Rubens, Matisse, Picasso, Dürer, Callot, Renoir and many others.

The pride of the museum is the collection of graphics by Salvador Dali from the series "Faust", "Hippie", "Surrealistic Tauromachia", "Mythology".

Sculpture

The sculpture collection of the Pushkin Museum includes works by outstanding masters of Western Europe - Clodion, Rodin, Lemoine, Maillol, Bourdelle; wooden statues of the 16th century; examples of ancient Egyptian, ancient Greek and ancient Roman sculpture; sculptures of modern domestic and foreign authors.

The permanent exhibition includes two courtyards - Greek and Italian. These are spacious halls, which contain accurate casts of the most famous statues of Ancient Hellas and the Roman Empire. The Greek courtyard is similar to the Athenian Acropolis, life-size models of the Parthenon columns, copies of the famous sculptures of Phidias - Athena Parthenos, Zeus, Wounded Amazon, Nika, etc. are installed here.

The Italian courtyard is an exact copy of one of the tiers of the Bargello Palace in Florence, it attracts attention with equestrian statues - a copy of the Gattamelatu monument by Donatello and the sculpture of condottiere Colleoni by Verrocchio. Here you can also see an exact cast of the Freiberg portal, a copy of the shrine of St. Sebald, bronze statues of medieval knights.

At the entrance to the Italian courtyard, visitors are greeted by the most famous cast of the museum, its calling card is an exact copy of the statue of David by Michelangelo.

From the Italian and Greek courtyards, visitors enter the hall of Ancient Egypt. Here are archaeological rarities, original sculptures and sarcophagi. The collection of the Pushkin Museum is considered the best collection of ancient Egyptian art in Russia. Visitors will see the sarcophagus and mummy of the priest Khor-Kha, the gilded sarcophagus of Mahu, the statues of Amenhotep and his wife, Queen Rannai, the relief of the Isi treasury and other priceless relics of world culture.

A statue of Pharaoh Amenemhet III of the Middle Kingdom (1853 BC) is considered to be a particularly valuable exhibit. Countless books and monographs are dedicated to this unique work of art. Scientists and tourists from all over the world come to see the statue.

The Hall of Art of the Ancient East houses the famous "Gold of Troy" - artifacts found by Heinrich Schliemann in the city of Troy, which for a long time was considered an invention of Homer. These are gold jewelry, dishes, helmets, figurines.

The Antique Hall contains authentic works of ancient Greek and Roman art: bas-reliefs, sarcophagi, vases, busts, paintings, books and much more.

Video:

Another small video that was filmed for the New Year in the interiors of the Pushkin Museum:

Pushkin Museum (Moscow, Russia) - expositions, opening hours, address, phone numbers, official website.

• Tours for the New Year in Russia
• Hot tours in Russia

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According to the expositions of the Pushkin State Museum of Fine Arts, one can easily study the entire history of world art, from ancient times to the present. The exhibition halls of the museum contain the richest collection of originals and copies of ancient mummies, ancient statues, paintings by Rubens and Picasso, life-size equestrian statues, ancient weapons, and much, much more.

The Pushkin Museum of Art is also a popular venue for temporary exhibitions, both Russian and foreign. In 2012, the museum turned 100 years old, and on this occasion it was overhauled, so that it now hosts a wide variety of cultural events on its territory even more actively than before.

exposition

(federal)

State Museum of Fine Arts named after A. S. Pushkin(abbreviated Pushkin Museum im. A. S. Pushkin, Pushkin Museum) is one of the largest museums of foreign art in Russia. Its collection contains about 700 thousand works of different eras, starting from the period of ancient civilizations and ending with the beginning of the 21st century. An architectural monument of the late XIX - early XX century, the museum complex includes 27 buildings and structures. The main collections of the Museum are represented by paintings by French impressionists from the collections of Moscow merchants Sergei Ivanovich Shchukin and Ivan Abramovich Morozov, works of art of Ancient Egypt, as well as masterpieces of old masters.

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Subtitles

Story

The founder of the Museum is Professor of the Department of Theory and History of Art Ivan Vladimirovich Tsvetaev, father of the poet and prose writer Marina Tsvetaeva.

At the end of 1896, he developed the conditions for a competition for the development of an architectural project for the Museum of Fine Arts at the Imperial Moscow University. Construction management was entrusted to the architect R. I. Klein, who developed the final design of the building, using the project of the self-taught architect P. S. Boytsov.

Klein's project was based on classical ancient temples on a high podium with an Ionic colonnade on the facade. Tsvetaev considered the building of the Museum as an educational object in the history of architecture. Elements of different historical eras were to be used in the decoration of the interiors, in accordance with the presented exhibits.

Most of the money for the construction of the Museum was donated by the Russian philanthropist Yuri Stepanovich Nechaev-Maltsov.

The museum was created on the basis of the Cabinet (Museum) of Fine Arts and Antiquities of Moscow University, which included antique vases, a numismatic collection, a number of casts from ancient sculptures and a small special library. With the advent of the head of the Cabinet I.V. Tsvetaev in 1889–1890, its systematic development began, especially the sculptural section and the library. Casts and other copies were ordered by Tsvetaev from foreign workshops on the basis of forms taken directly from the originals; in some cases they were made for the first time. In 1909–1911, the Museum acquired a unique collection of original items of ancient Egyptian art and culture (over 6,000) collected by the Russian orientalist Vladimir Semenovich Golenishchev.

The Museum of Fine Arts named after Emperor Alexander III was opened in a festive atmosphere on May 31 (June 13), 1912. Since November 1923, the Museum was withdrawn from the subordination of the university, in 1932 it was renamed again and received the name of the State Museum of Fine Arts. In 1937 he was named after A.S. Pushkin. During the Great Patriotic War, most of the museum funds were evacuated to Novosibirsk and Solikamsk. Since 1944, the restoration of the building of the Pushkin Museum, which was damaged by bombing during the war, and preparations for the deployment of the exposition began. Part of the glass of the metal-glass ceilings was broken by bombing, and for three years the museum stood in the open air. In the upper part of the western facade of the Museum there were potholes from fragments of German bombs. During this period, from February 1944 to 1949, the director of the museum was S. D. Merkurov. The post-war opening of the exposition took place on October 3, 1946.

In 1948, the Museum was given about 300 paintings and over 80 sculptures by Western European and American masters of the second half of the 19th - first third of the 20th century from the collections of I.A. Morozov and S.I. Schukin.

In the period of 1949-1953, the premises of the Museum were given over to the “Exhibition of Gifts by I.V. Stalin from the peoples of the USSR and foreign countries. After Stalin's death, the core activities of the Pushkin Museum were restored and expanded.

In 1985, at the initiative of the Soviet collector Ilya Samoylovich Zilbershtein, Doctor of Art History, and the director of the Museum, Irina Alexandrovna Antonova, the Department of Private Collections was created. In August 2005, the Gallery Art of Europe and America XIX-XX Centuries was opened. In 1996, the Educational Art Museum named after I.V. Tsvetaeva - department of the Pushkin Museum, located in the building of the Russian State University for the Humanities (RSUH) and opened on May 30, 1997 (Chayanova St., 15). Its exposition consists of plaster casts of the former university museum, which were not included in the main exposition of the Pushkin Museum.

Since 1981, at the suggestion and with the active participation of Svyatoslav Teofilovich Richter (1915-1997), the Museum began to hold within its walls the international music festival "December Evenings of Svyatoslav Richter". Since 1999, according to the will of the musician, his apartment, turned into a memorial one, has been included in the museum (Moscow, Bolshaya Bronnaya St., 2/6, apt. 58). In 2006, the Museyon Center for Aesthetic Education of Children and Youth was opened at the Pushkin Museum (Kolymazhny per., 6, pp. 2, 3).

On May 31, 2012, the anniversary of the Pushkin Museum im. A.S. Pushkin - 100 years. A series of commemorative medals and a postage stamp were issued for the anniversary. On the day of the anniversary, May 31, 2012, Channel One premiered a two-episode film by Leonid Parfyonov, The Eye of God, dedicated to the century-old history of the museum.

In the Pushkin Museum im. A.S. Pushkin, the largest exhibitions of foreign art in Russia are held. In 1955, the Museum hosted the exhibition "Masterpieces of the Dresden Art Gallery", which was visited by 1.2 million people. In 1974, an exhibition of one portrait - "Mona Lisa" by Leonardo da Vinci, which the visitor had only 9 seconds to view, gathered 311 thousand people. In 1982, within the framework of the exhibition “Moscow - Paris. 1900–1930” the Russian avant-garde was shown for the first time in the Museum. The exhibition was recognized as one of the most innovative and large-scale in the history of the 20th century, it was visited by 655,000 people.

From September to December 2016, the Museum hosted the exhibition “Raphael. The poetry of the image. Works from the Uffizi Gallery and other collections in Italy”, the number of visitors of which exceeded 200 thousand people.

Currently, the leadership of the Pushkin Museum im. A.S. Pushkin, together with the Government of Moscow, is working on the creation of the Museum Town - an architectural complex of museum buildings and territories adjacent to them. After the completion of the reconstruction project, nine independent museums united in a museum space will operate on the territory of the Museum Town.

Collection

At present, the funds of the Pushkin Museum im. A.S. Pushkin has about 700 thousand works of painting and sculpture, graphics, applied art, artistic photography, as well as monuments of archeology and numismatics. The Fund of the Manuscripts Department contains documents on the history of the Museum, the scientific and epistolary heritage of its founder Ivan Vladimirovich Tsvetaev, other museum figures, prominent art historians and artists, archives of some museums whose collections have been replenished by the Pushkin Museum. The structure of the Museum includes scientific and restoration workshops and the Scientific Library.

Painting

The earliest monuments of the collection are works of Byzantine art - mosaics and icons. The early stage in the development of Western European painting is reflected in a relatively small but very bright collection of Italian primitives. The Hall of Early Italian Art was opened on October 10, 1924, but the first pictorial originals were donated to the then Emperor Alexander III Museum of Fine Arts by the Russian Consul in Trieste, Mikhail Sergeevich Shchekin, in 1910. Systematic receipts of paintings from Moscow and St. Petersburg collections, public and private, began after 1924. Thus, the works of Western European artists kept in the Rumyantsev Museum were transferred to the Museum's funds; as well as private collections of Sergei Mikhailovich Tretyakov, Princes Yusupovs, Counts Shuvalovs, Heinrich Afanasyevich Brocard, Dmitry Ivanovich Shchukin and other Russian collectors. Of particular importance were receipts from the State Hermitage. However, the composition of the Pushkin Museum art gallery was finally determined only in 1948, when its collection was replenished with works by French artists of the second half of the 19th - early 20th centuries from the fund of the State Museum of New Western Art (GMNZI).

Graphic arts

The Department of Engraving and Drawing was formed in 1924, when the museum received the funds of the Engraving Cabinet of the Moscow Public and Rumyantsev Museum (abbreviated as the Rumyantsev Museum. The beginning of the collections of the Engraving Cabinet was the transfer of a valuable gift by Emperor Alexander II in 1861: the Moscow Public and Rumyantsev Museum then received more than 20 thousand prints from the Hermitage Subsequently, the cabinet included a number of significant private collections: Dmitry Alexandrovich Rovinsky (1824–1895) (Russian engraving), Nikolai Semyonovich Mosolov (1846–1914) (etchings by Rembrandt, drawings by Dutch masters of the 17th century), Sergei Nikolayevich Kitaev (1864–1927) (Japanese engraving) In Soviet times, the funds of the Department continued to be replenished through gifts, acquisitions, transfers from other museums (the State Hermitage Museum, St. Petersburg; the State Historical Museum, Moscow; the State Museum of New Western Art, Moscow As a result, the Department of Engraving and Drawing of the Pushkin Museum is a solid repository of works of graphic art, numbering about 400 thousand engravings, drawings, books with engravings, posters, works of applied graphics and bookplates created by masters of Western Europe, America, Russia, Eastern countries, for period from the 15th century to the present day. Among them are the works of outstanding artists - Durer, Rembrandt, Rubens, Renoir, Picasso, Matisse, Bryullov, Ivanov, Favorsky, Deineka, Utamaro, Hokusai, Hiroshige.

Sculpture

The collection of Western European sculpture includes more than 600 monuments. Over the years of the Museum's existence, a collection has been formed, which currently includes works of the 6th-21st centuries.

The first monuments donated to the Museum of Fine Arts were sculptures from the collections of M.S. Shchekin. In the first post-revolutionary years, sculptures from nationalized collections arrived here. In 1924, several picturesque halls were opened in the Museum, in which the first original works took their rightful place. The systematic acquisition of the fund of sculptural originals became possible after 1924, when the Museum left the subordination of Moscow University and began to exist already as an independent museum of Western European art in Moscow. A special Department of Sculpture was organized, which received works from the disbanded Rumyantsev Museum, the museum of the former Stroganov School, the Museum of Furniture, from a number of private collections (Dmitry Ivanovich Shchukin, Ilya Semyonovich Ostroukhov, Osip Emmanuilovich Braz). As a result of these additions, the collection was enriched with samples of polychrome wooden sculpture of the 15th-16th centuries, bronze sculptures of the 16th-17th centuries, works by French masters of the 18th century - Lemoine, Caffieri, Houdon, Clodion. After the closure of the Museum of New Western Art (GMNZI) in 1948, over 60 sculptures were received from there to the Pushkin Museum - works by Rodin, Maillol, Bourdelle, Zadkine, Archipenko and others. The section of modern sculpture was created mainly thanks to the gifts of the authors themselves.

Collection of decorative art works of the Department of Old Masters

The collection of works of decorative art of European countries includes about 2 thousand monuments, the earliest of which belong to the Middle Ages. Its composition is very diverse. It presents art products made of wood and bone, non-ferrous and precious metals, stone, fabrics, ceramics and glass. Of particular interest are the section of ceramics, which includes all its main varieties, as well as a collection of furniture.

Numismatics

Today, the funds of the Department of Numismatics of the Pushkin Museum im. A.S. Pushkin is a collection of more than 200 thousand items and 3 thousand volumes of a special library.

Its formation began at the Imperial Moscow University. In 1888, this collection was divided and became the basis of the largest numismatic collections in Moscow - the Historical Museum and the Museum of Fine Arts named after Emperor Alexander III.

Since 1912, items of ancient and Western European numismatics from the university collection became part of the collection of the Sculpture Department of the Museum of Fine Arts and were kept mostly packed. By June 1925, separate cabinets with coins, medals and casts, scattered around the Museum, were grouped by the efforts of the curators and arranged as a Numismatic Cabinet, located in the choirs of the White Hall. Since 1945, the Numismatic Cabinet of the Museum has been separated into an independent department.

Currently, the collection of the Department of Numismatics of the Pushkin Museum im. A.S. Pushkin includes a variety of items: coins, medals, orders, seals, paper money, gems, casts and others.

Archeology

The Museum of Fine Arts was conceived primarily as a museum of classical art - the monuments of Antiquity were the core and main component of its collections, the Department of Antiquity - one of the three scientific departments, its three pillars. Its first leaders were also specialists in the field of antiquity - not only the founder and director, Ivan Vladimirovich Tsvetaev (1847–1913), but also the closest associates of the scientist, Vladimir Konstantinovich Malmberg (1860–1921) and Nikolai Arsenyevich Shcherbakov (1884–1933).

Currently, the Pushkin Museum's antique collection includes more than 37,000 exhibits, including numerous fragments of ancient monuments. Its artistic value is: about a hundred architectural fragments, over 300 pieces of ancient sculpture; about 2.5 thousand painted vases - Cypriot, ancient Greek and South Italian; about 2.3 thousand terracottas; over 1.3 thousand bronzes; about 1.2 thousand exhibits of applied art (mainly glass); over 100 carved stones; about 30 fragments of wall paintings; two mosaics.

Egypt

Most of the objects presented in Hall No. 1 have been on display since 1912, the time the Museum was opened, and come from the collection of Vladimir Semyonovich Golenishchev (1856–1947), one of the world's best private collections of ancient Egyptian art, acquired by the Museum in 1909. This collection (about 8 thousand items) was the first and significant collection of originals of the Museum of Fine Arts.

In 1913, the Museum acquired a collection of monuments, including a slab depicting a scene of mourning for the deceased, known in literature as "The Mourners". Several truly precious gifts were made to the Museum by Yuri Stepanovich Nechaev-Maltsov (1834-1913) - excellent Fayum portraits and a golden diadem, a bronze statue of a walking Harpocrates. After the Great October Socialist Revolution, the Egyptian collection of the Museum was replenished with exhibits transferred from various museums and private collections. In addition, scientists whose activities were inextricably linked with the museum - Boris Vladimirovich Farmakovsky (1870-1928), Tamara Nikolaevna Borozdina-Kozmina (1883-1958), Alexander Vasilyevich Zhivago (1860-1940) - transferred to the Department of the Ancient East Egyptian monuments. The collection of the Museum was significantly enriched after the acquisition in 1940 from the artist and art critic Nikolai Adrianovich Prakhov (1873-1957) of a collection of 217 exhibits and owned by his father, the famous Russian art historian, philologist, archaeologist and art critic Adrian Viktorovich Prakhov (1846-1916) . A.V. Prakhov repeatedly visited Egypt, studying ancient monuments.

In the future, the number of works of art in the fund of the art of the Ancient East was replenished through donations, archaeological excavations, and periodic purchases.

ancient civilizations

The collection of the famous Russian orientalist, Egyptologist Vladimir Semyonovich Golenishchev laid the foundation for the museum collection of authentic monuments of the art of Western Asia. It contained over 300 cuneiform tablets and over 200 works of glyptics. The first tablets came to the Museum in 1911, a year before its official opening. The Central Asian part of the collection of the Department of the Ancient East is represented by clay figurines of the end of the 1st millennium BC acquired by the Museum in the mid-1990s. and the beginning of our era (fragments of female and male statuettes), originating from the territory of Margiana (modern South-Eastern Turkmenistan), testifying both to the originality of local art and the influence of ancient and more ancient oriental traditions.

Antiquity

Antique collection of the Pushkin Museum im. A.S. Pushkin includes a significant number of authentic monuments - more than a thousand vessels, small plastic, sculptures. The first samples came from the Cabinet of Fine Arts and Antiquities at Moscow University. Beautiful monuments of ancient Greek painted ceramics were transferred in the 1920s from the Historical Museum, the Museum of Ceramics, the Tretyakov Gallery, the Rumyantsev Museum. A regular source of replenishment of the collection of antiquities are long-term archaeological expeditions of such ancient centers as the Crimean Panticapaeum and Scythian Naples, as well as Phanagoria on the Taman Peninsula .

Tsvetaeva collection of casts

The collection of casts and copies, which is typical for museums in Europe in the 19th century, is unique for the 21st century in terms of its safety and systematic nature, the composition of which was initially determined by the state and interests of art history at the end of the 19th century.

Today, the collection of casts is exhibited in the historical building, only in the third part of the halls reserved for them by Tsvetaev. But most of this collection remained available to the public - about 1 thousand exhibits are on display at the I.V. Tsvetaeva.

Of the 22 exhibition halls of the Museum, conceived and created by Ivan Vladimirovich, about half was dedicated to the plastic art of Antiquity. The list of monuments for reproduction was prepared with the participation of the famous antiquarian professor V.K. Malmberg. A thoughtful selection of casts from Crete-Mycenaean, ancient Greek and ancient Roman sculptures was complemented by galvanic copies made in a technology that was completely new at that time, which made it possible to accurately reproduce jewelry, works of small plastic art and weapons art. Together, casts and galvanocopies created a vivid and complete picture of the development of ancient art.

The second part of the collection of casts and copies demonstrates the main moments in the development of Western European art from the time of early Christianity to the Renaissance. The works of Michelangelo are especially fully represented in the exposition. The sculpture is complemented by copies of architectural structures and details. Not only the exhibits, but also the halls, in the design of which the methods of historical reconstruction of architectural forms were used, were subject to a single educational task.

Equally consistently I.V. Tsvetaev also wanted to present the plastic art of the New Age, ending the museum collection with an exposition of casts from modern sculpture, where the central place would be given to the plastic art of Auguste Rodin. Unfortunately, the last part of his plan was not destined to come true due to lack of funds due to a fire that occurred during construction.

A number of casts and copies in the Museum's collection is the only reliable repetition of the monuments lost during the First and Second World Wars.

Name

• 1912-1917 - Museum of Fine Arts. Emperor Alexander III at Moscow University
• 1917-1923 - Museum of Fine Arts at Moscow University
• 1923-1932 - State Museum of Fine Arts
• 1932-1937 - State Museum of Fine Arts
• 1937 - present - State Museum of Fine Arts. A. S. Pushkin

List of directors

Museum management

• President - Irina Alexandrovna Antonova
• Director – Marina Devovna Loshak
• Deputy Director for accounting and storage of funds - Potapova Tatyana Vladimirovna
• Deputy Director for Research – Bakanova Irina Viktorovna
• Deputy Director for Economics - Salina Maria Viktorovna
• Deputy Director for Capital Construction - Igor Avgustovich Pogrebinsky
• Deputy Director for Information Technology - Vladimir Viktorovich Defined
• Chief Engineer – Sergeev Vladimir Alekseevich

List of active buildings

museum town

Since 2014, the implementation of the development concept of the Pushkin Museum im. A.S. Pushkin and turning it into a museum quarter in the area of ​​Volkhonka Street, Kolymazhny, Bolshoi and Maly Znamensky lanes. The idea of ​​creating the Museum Town on Volkhonka belongs to Ivan Vladimirovich Tsvetaev, the founder and first director of the Museum of Fine Arts, historian, philologist and art critic. Expansion projects for the Museum began to appear immediately after its opening.

State Museum of Fine Arts named after A.S. Pushkin Museum (GMII) is one of the largest museums in Russia, which presents works of European and world art. Its building, built in an eclectic style, is also an architectural monument. The collection of the Pushkin Museum has about 670 thousand exhibits. These are objects of painting and sculpture, graphics. In addition, there are monuments of archeology and numismatics.

Museum of Fine Arts named after A.S. Pushkin - from history

In 1893, Professor of Moscow State University, Doctor of Roman Literature and historian Ivan Vladimirovich Tsvetaev decided to create a museum as a textbook on the history of art - with copies of ancient antique vases, sculptures and other items. In 1898, the laying ceremony took place. A significant part of the money for the construction was contributed by the philanthropist Yuri Stepanovich Nechaev-Maltsev. The design competition was won by the self-taught architect P.S. Fighters. The construction was supervised by the architect R.I. Klein. Architects I.I. Rerberg and V.G. Shukhov, as well as many talented masters of that time. The internal layout and plan of the building were created in accordance with the ideas of P.S. Boytsova. And the interiors and facades are the work of R.I. Klein and his assistants.

On May 31, 1912, the Museum of Fine Arts named after Emperor Alexander III was opened. Its first director in 1912-1913 was its founder Ivan Vladimirovich Tsvetaev. In 1932, the museum was renamed the State Museum of Fine Arts, and in 1937 it was named after A.S. Pushkin. During the Great Patriotic War, the exhibits themselves were evacuated to Novosibirsk and Solikamsk. The building, including the glass roofs, was bombed. After the war, in October 1946, when the building was restored, the exposition was opened. Since 1980, on the initiative of Svyatoslav Richter and the director of the Pushkin Museum I.A. Antonova held the annual festival of music and painting "December Evenings".

In 1985, as a scientific department of the Pushkin Museum, the Museum of Private Collections was founded, designed to preserve the "spiritual connection" between the collection and its former owner. Currently, the digitization of the exhibits of the Pushkin Museum is underway. Passports are created for all exhibits, which are necessary for accounting, storage and restoration. The high quality of the electronic copy allows you to record and control the state of the exhibit, the location and depth of microcracks. In the case of restoration, it will be possible to restore the item.

Pushkin Museum - exhibits

The collection of the Pushkin Museum contains works by Western masters from antiquity to the 20th century. Each of the halls is dedicated to a certain era. The entire collection has about 670 thousand exhibits, but only 1.5% of the funds are available to the general public. On the ground floor, there are mostly antiques. Here is the Egyptian Hall. Items of ancient peoples who inhabited Asia Minor and the Mediterranean, the Indian Peninsula and Latin America are also presented. One of the most unique exhibits is a unique treasure discovered by the German archaeologist Heinrich Schliemann during his excavations in Troy in 1871–1890. This treasure was considered lost during World War II. Later it turned out that, along with other trophies, he was taken from Germany to the Soviet Union and kept in the strictest secrecy in the storerooms of the Pushkin Museum.

More than a thousand exhibits of ancient Greece and Rome are presented in the halls of the second floor. These are antique amphorae and ceramics, sculpture. Here are copies of the most famous sculptures of antiquity. Visitors will see items from the Middle Ages and the Renaissance. Works by 19th and 20th century masters are on display, as well as a large collection of French Impressionists and Post-Impressionists, including works by famous artists such as Matisse and Picasso, Gauguin and Van Gogh. A special place is occupied by a collection of Byzantine icons. You can see the work of European masters such as Cranach, Botticelli, Poussin and David. The pearls of the collection are the icons "Madonna and Child Enthroned" and "Madonna and Child with Two Donors". Many of the items ended up in the Moscow State Museum of Fine Arts after the Great Patriotic War, including those from the Dresden Gallery. The Northern Renaissance is presented in the hall entitled "The Art of Germany and the Netherlands in the 15th-16th Centuries". The works of Rembrandt and his students are located in the hotel exposition. Dutch school of the 17th century. The halls "Italian courtyard" and "Greek courtyard" are especially popular. "Greek courtyard" has a three-level floor, conveying the architecture of the Athenian Acropolis. And the "Italian Courtyard" hall repeats the courtyard of the Palazzo Bargelo with a corner staircase and small columns supporting the balcony, a light arcade and a well in the center.
In the Pushkin Museum, many exhibits are not taken from the storerooms, since there are norms according to which the placement and storage of exhibits is determined. The museum exposition is constantly changing, since all exhibits cannot be displayed to visitors at the same time. There are also exhibitions of masterpieces from the largest art galleries in the world.

Museum of Fine Arts named after A.S. Pushkin - information for tourists

The departments of the Pushkin Museum are the Educational Art Museum named after I.V. Tsvetaeva and Memorial apartment of Svyatoslav Richter. The Center for Aesthetic Education of Children and Youth "Museion" has been established, which organizes exhibitions and meetings with artists, performances and musical concerts. State Museum of Fine Arts named after A.S. Pushkin offers lectures, excursions and circle classes. More than 15 different routes have been developed that allow you to view the exhibits created by masters of various historical periods. Guided tours are organized for visitors in Russian and foreign languages. For convenience, it is possible to provide transport services - cars and buses. Audio guide services are available. Excursions to the Museum of Fine Arts named after A.S. Pushkin can be booked.