Letters and s after assignment prefixes. Spelling letters - and -ы after prefixes

Russian is one of the rather difficult languages to learn. A huge number of different rules and exceptions to these rules can confuse not only a foreigner, but also small native speakers of the Russian language. In the 6th grade, they study such a rule as spelling the letters “i” and “s” after prefixes. Read more about this rule below.

Spelling rule "and", "s" after prefixes

The rule is not that complicated. The main thing that needs to be done is to determine what origin the prefix is - Russian or foreign.

Exercises to reinforce the rule

Let's look at how the rule for “and” and “s” is presented after prefixes in exercises for 6th grade. A traditional exercise for reinforcing spelling rules is dictation. The teacher dictates words to the students in the designated spelling pattern. Students then check their work themselves and correct mistakes. The task can be complicated if you additionally use other types of spelling in the exercise.

1. A very important topic was touched upon in previous issues of the local newspaper.

2. The jury summed up the results of the competition.

3. It is difficult to find a black cat in a dark room.

4. The Pedagogical Institute is one of the oldest universities in the city.

5. He played a good comedy.

6. Misinformation about a new TV show has hit the Internet.

7. School sports equipment is subject to reporting.

8. He is used to being in refined society.

9. It is important to know the previous topic.

Selective copying is also a popular exercise for reinforcing spelling rules. An example of such an exercise could be the following: the teacher dictates words for the rule being studied. Students of the first option write down words in which after the prefix it is necessary to write the letter “i”; the second option, accordingly, writes words in which the letter “s” is written after the prefix:

nameless;
uninteresting;
hopeless;
charge;
modify;
finish badly;
counterplay;
notorious;
summarize;
play out;
to look for;
super interesting;
super interesting.

I, Y after prefixes - creative exercises

Creative tasks include various types of tasks for correcting errors. For example, students are offered word combinations with words in the spelling pattern being studied, in which errors were made. Their task is to correct these mistakes: inter-institute competition, nameless height, play hide and seek, look for work, a super game has begun, a super interesting interview, an unknown performer, collect taxes (errors in 1, 4, 6, 8 phrases).

Performing such an exercise develops spelling vigilance and helps to better consolidate the rule.

Another type of creative task is word transformation. Add the following prefixes in turn to the original word.

The students’ task is not just to substitute all the proposed prefixes, but also to understand whether such a prefix is used with a specific word, and in some cases add suffixes to the words.

You can also offer students the following exercise when studying the spelling of “and”, “s” after prefixes: present the rule being studied graphically. That is, create your own diagram or table of rules with examples.

The teacher, explaining the spelling “Letters “i”, “s” after prefixes”, selects exercises in accordance with the educational objectives of the lesson and the personal characteristics of each student in the class. Nevertheless, all exercises offered to the class should be productive in nature and should be aimed at activating thinking.

The letter Y after consonant prefixes.

Goals. Learn to perceive information by ear, transform it from one form to another (into a table, diagram), analyze, compare, draw conclusions, build reasoning; find words with spelling letter s , And after prefixes, correctly write words with the named spelling, orally and graphically explain the conditions for choosing a spelling. Develop a sense of language.

Lesson type: a lesson in discovering new knowledge. Method: problem

During the classes:

I. Organizing time.

Greetings. Checking readiness for the lesson. Set up for the lesson.

II. Checking homework.

Frontal survey on covered topics.

Checking the completion of home exercise No. 272. The teacher reads the correct options with an explanation, and the students check their work.

Doing work on pieces of paper slides 7, 12“Fill in the missing letters” and “Test yourself.” The teacher collects the work.

Vocabulary work exercise No. 268.

Individually: completing a computer test “Spelling prefixes in Z/S.

III. Learning new material.

1. Determine the problem of the lesson. Students work in pairs, identify the feature: different letters Y And AND at the root of words with the same root, formulate the main question of the lesson.

Read a couple of words. What are their names? ( Same roots)

aboutYplay –ANDgra withoutYminy –ANDme timesYbrush –ANDbrush

What unusual thing was noticed in these words? What question arises? (Why are different letters written at the roots of words with the same root?s , And ? When to write a letters fundamentally?)

What is the difference between this topic and the two previous ones, on which we discovered new knowledge (New letters - Y or Y , not in consoles, but after consoles.)

2. Work in groups.

YouANDplay - aboutYplay byANDexchangeable - withoutYmint

ByANDbrush – onceYbrush

What do each pair of words have in common? What is the difference?
- Compare the pronunciation and spelling of vowels after prefixes.
- Identify a pattern in the writing of a letter Y after the consoles.

(The general rule for writing prefixes is revealed. Writing on the board and in notebooks. Done necessary notations: in both columns, prefixes are highlighted in words, after the prefixes there are different letters: in the 1st column And , in the 2nd – s ).

Compare pronunciation with spelling ( Their coincidence is established).

A pattern is revealed, the main condition of choice is determined. (If necessary - clue: What consonant does the prefix end with?)

3. Observation of the writing of the letter after the prefix is carried out over

counter-; dis-. super interesting counter game disinformation

What contradiction did you notice? What is special about these words? It is concluded that these prefixes can be called an exception).

– Why in words search, play letter s on site And not written? (The prefix does not end in a consonant)

4
. The conclusions are summarized and the rule is formulated. Check the manual material on page 131.

Slides 14, 15

Videophysical minute

AND SOGL . Y

Excl.

ABOVE

AND BETWEEN AND

COUNTER

III. Consolidation of what has been learned. Page 132 benefits

Orthographic reading rhyming algorithm Slide 16

Exercise No. 285 Explanatory letter with graphic designation of spelling. (Done in a notebook)

Exercise No. 286. Working with dictionary words. Write down and form words using prefixes.

Exercise No. 287. Selective distribution work (Performed at the board and in notebooks)

IV. Lesson summary.

– Find the “third wheel”:

1) A) once... say, b) by...say, V) from...sk;

2) a) once...play, b) about...to play,) about...play.

3) a) once... say, b) super...interesting, V) mis..information.

– What did you learn in class?

– Were there any difficulties?

– What needs to be done to avoid mistakes in the future?

V. Homework.

Repeat previous topics. Learn the material on page 131, exercise No. 288 in the manual. Learn rhyming as desired.

In order to accurately write the vowels Y and I after prefixes, you need to remember that after Russian prefixes ending in a consonant, the roots are written not I, but Y in accordance with pronunciation. For example: SUMMARY, PREVIOUS.

This rule does not apply:

for words with foreign prefixes DEZ-, SUB-, CONTER-, TRANS-, POST-, PAN-, SUPER-, etc. (SUPERGAME, POSTIMPRESSIONISM);

for words with Russian prefixes INTER- and SVERH- (INTERSTITUTE, SUPERINTERESTING);

for complex abbreviated words (SPORTS EQUIPMENT);

as well as the exception word TAKE, in which after the prefix ВЗ- the sound [and] is pronounced.

Exercise

1. For two months he played the role of a madman perfectly. (N.V. Gogol)

2. Well, are you done?! Eh, I'm tired of this life! (N.V. Gogol)

3. Black has a certain counterplay on the queenside.

4. These anonymous letters irritated me most of all. (F. M. Dostoevsky)

5. But as soon as I leave for a couple of days, something super interesting happens.

6. He, however, was not unaware that I had something... (F. M. Dostoevsky)

7. That jacket that you are taking off, look, it’s not even wrinkled. (N.V. Gogol)

8. Therefore, these letters seemed to me not entirely uninteresting. (F. M. Dostoevsky)

9. They somehow changed the frame and decorations in a very strange way... (L.N. Tolstoy)

10. And now this hope, no longer hope, but confidence in a miracle filled him to the very top of his head, and he was already wondering how he could live before in such hopeless, hopeless darkness... (A. and B. Strugatsky)

11. All troubles and misfortunes have changed the nature of man, making him lacking initiative. (L.N. Tolstoy)

12. You need to experience life at least once in its artificial beauty. (L.N. Tolstoy)

13. Energy workers are prohibited from charging fines for excessive consumption of electricity.

14. However, at all costs, he decided to find out the last small feature and shade in them, to comprehend their secret... (N.V. Gogol)

15. The local postmaster is doing absolutely nothing: everything is in great disrepair, parcels are delayed... if you please, find out for yourself on purpose. (N.V. Gogol)

16. From this, the collegiate assessor could see that the private bailiff was not ignorant of the sayings of the ancient sages... (N.V. Gogol)

17. It is necessary to organize the publication of an international electronic newspaper.

18. If you have already received this, so to speak, fantastic desire, then for my part I convey them to you without interest and take over the deed of sale. (N.V. Gogol)

19. In fact, nothing super interesting was found inside.

20. They discovered that he lived in some strange company, got involved with some scum of the St. Petersburg population... (N.V. Gogol)

21. Kharkov plant "Sport_inventar" was founded in 1948.

22. Aragva, embracing another constant river, noisily bursting out of a black gorge full of darkness, stretches out like a silver thread and sparkles like a snake with its scales. (M. Yu. Lermontov)

23. I was the necessary person of the fifth act; involuntarily I played the pathetic role of an executioner or a traitor... (M. Yu. Lermontov)

24. Collection of materials of the Fourth Inter-Institutional Scientific and Practical Conference of Young Scientists.

25. It’s time to sum up how I live and how I am armed. (M. Svetlov)

26. The Trans-Ordan Emirate was created by England in the spring of 1921.

27. He entered the “Gray Joy”, drank a glass of Arkanar sourness, patted the hostess on the cheek, turned over, deftly moving his sword, the table of a regular informant, who was staring at him with empty eyes, then walked to the far corner and pushed away a shabby bearded man with an inkwell. on the neck. (A. and B. Strugatsky)

28. During the war years, the Pedagogical Institute suffered the most of all Tomsk universities, undergoing six moves from place to place.

The exercise was prepared by A. Kopeina and B. A. Panov (school No. 1199, Moscow “League of Schools”).

The tasks are intended for those who have decided to get rid of mistakes in written speech. Russian is rightfully considered one of the most difficult languages, and the greatest difficulties are caused by spelling and punctuation. Who doesn't make mistakes in dictations? These exercises will help you develop your writing skills.

The rules that were once taught are forgotten and the literacy of schoolchildren is sharply declining, but everyone can independently improve the situation. I suggest working on the first rule.

Good luck.

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The rules that were once taught are forgotten and the literacy of schoolchildren is sharply declining, but everyone can independently improve the situation. I suggest working on the first rule.

VOWELS Y-I AFTER CONSTRUCTIONS

Spelling vowels s - and after prefixes in the Russian language, ke most often corresponds to pronunciation. In oral speech, after hard consonants at the end of the prefix, the root sound And changes its quality, you move, for example: find (compare: search ). In accordance with the pronunciation in such cases it is written s (not and). Only after sibilants, as well as letters X according to the general rule it is written and (not s) contrary to pronunciation.

Spellings of words with foreign language prefixes are also not phonetic (counter-, trans-, pan-, sub-).

Exercise 111. Read the words. At the same time, pay attention to the firm pronunciation of consonants in prefixes. Formulate a rule for spelling vowels s - and after prefixes ending in a consonant

1. Unprincipled, unartificial, uninventory, uninitiative, not uninteresting, well-known, background, previous, pre-July, summarize, raise - raise, find, play, joke, nameless, hopeless, exploratory, pre-heart attack (state).

2. Super-exquisite, inter-institutional, sports equipment, sub-inspector, Transjordan.

Exercise 112. Rewrite the words with spellings.

LETTERS Y-I AFTER CONSTRUCTIONS unnamed counterplay

unprincipled super interesting

pre-July inter-imperialist

integrand (number) interpublishing background pan-Islamism

Trans-Iranian

Exercise 113. Insert the missing letters. Explain the spelling of words with prefixes. Use these words in phrases or sentences.

For...play - un...play, before...skat - under...skat, on- ...improvise - with...improvise, before...groovy - between...grovoy, before.. .infarction - pre-infarction, pre...industrial - over...industrial, behind...hide - without...secret, about...inform - dis...inform, about...inventory - without...inventory, pre...historical - pre...history, over...tasty - without...tasteful, on...change - without...myany, before..lonskiy - before...yunskiy, for...interested - without...interesting.

Exercise 114. Insert the missing letters.

1. Without...effective information, without...pulse sensor, without...initiative assistant, not without...interesting film, without...hard welding, without...boring story, without...similar situation, collect...taxes, charge... crushed pride, demanding taste, dis...integral scheme, from...scandy environment, offer a counter...gru, present a counter...sk, inter...game training, inter...institutional conference , inter...irrigation period, inter...building agreement.

2. A once...drawn lot, a criminal ro...sk, over...refined manners, with...playing a joke, with...hardening up, starting again...again.

Exercise 116. Highlight words with prefixes, explain their spelling, comparing the pronunciation and spelling of words. Mark the use of the letter s after prefixes on consonants. Write a summary.

OPERA BY P. I. TCHAIKOVSKY “EUGENE ONEGIN” Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky’s opera “Eugene Onegin” is one of the greatest achievements of Russian operatic art. The history of the creation of the opera is not without interest. In it, the beautiful images of the novel of the same name in the verses of A. S. Pushkin were musically embodied. Even during the poet’s lifetime, Pushkin’s “Eugene Onegin” was very popular and enjoyed recognition from the most demanding critics. It rightfully belongs to the best poetic works of Russian literature of the 19th century. Tchaikovsky highly valued Pushkin’s work, preferring his poems to the unprincipled works of many of his untalented contemporaries.

And so Pushkin’s literary heroes received a second life on the opera stage, thanks to the brilliant work of Tchaikovsky.

The musical characterization of Tatiana, the main character, is already given in the introduction to the opera and in the first scene. The action takes place in the village estate of the Larins landowners. A duet of sisters Tatyana and Olga sounds, and then the voices of their mother and nanny join it. They remember the past. Peasants come to the estate and bring with them the artless melody of a Russian song. At the end of the picture, the music sounds wide and free.

The musical themes of all the characters are interesting. Lensky's enthusiastic and poetic image finds expression in dynamic and excited music; The theme of Onega, a well-mannered, but cold and reserved young man, is reminiscent of a solemn menu and exquisite ball music.

The theme of Tatiana's love sounds passionately in the opera, receiving its most complete development in the scene of her letter to Onegin. This is a monologue in which, replacing each other, delightful lyrical melodies sound, revealing the full depth and richness of the heroine’s spiritual world. Tatyana utters simple and expressive words: “As I write to you, what else is there? What more can I say? Now I know it is in your will to punish me with contempt.” The words of the aria are perfectly combined with the sound of the orchestra. “Who are you: my guardian angel or an insidious tempter?” - asks the heroine of Onegin.

The dramatic development of the plot in the opera takes place in the third and fourth scenes and ends with a quarrel between Onegin and Lensky, which takes place at the Larins’ ball. In these scenes, restless music gives way to a festive waltz. The guests present at the ball cannot reconcile the quarreling young people. The melody of the mazurka anticipates Lensky's dying aria, full of hopeless sadness.

In the fifth scene, the orchestral introduction foreshadows the tragic outcome of a duel between friends. Despite sincere repentance and the desire to make peace, Onegin still cannot refuse the duel and becomes the cause of the death of his friend.

In the sixth scene, a brilliant polonaise sounds, which precedes the appearance of Onegin, who has returned from distant wanderings, and recreates the new appearance of Tatyana, who has become a society lady. Onegin did not recognize her and asks his old friend Prince Gremin about the princess. In the aria “All ages are submissive to love,” Gremin talks about his love for Tatyana, who became his wife.

The theme of love here sounds excited and passionate. But Tatyana talks calmly and restrainedly with the guests, and does not show her excitement in her conversation with Onegin.

The denouement of the plot occurs in the seventh scene, in the Gremins’ house. Tatiana reads Onegin's letter in tears. Suddenly he himself appears. There is an explanation. He confesses his crazy love, but in Tatyana the sense of duty wins, she rejects the hero’s love.

Tchaikovsky's music is sincere and truthful, it uplifts the soul. The composer wrote: “I would like with all the strength of my soul that my music would spread.” The composer's wish has come true these days.