What is the meaning of the title of the story Cold Autumn. "Cold autumn

Before us is the story “Cold Autumn” by Bunin. After reading it, you understand once again: only a genius can convey so deeply and soulfully what is beyond the limits of the human mind and perception. It would seem a simple story, where there is he, she, mutual feelings, then war, death, wanderings. Russia in the twentieth century experienced more than one war, and millions of people experienced similar tragedies, but... There is always the word “but”, which does not deny, but rather reminds of the uniqueness of the feelings and experiences of each person. It is not for nothing that the work “Cold Autumn” is included in the cycle of stories by I. A. Bunin “Dark Alleys”, in which the author repeated himself more than thirty times: he wrote, in fact, about the same thing - about love, but each time in a different way.

An eternal theme in the writer’s work

The story “Cold Autumn” (Bunin) contains an analysis of the eternal theme: the fate of each individual person is the answer to the question. A person, with his life, from birth to death, lives his own love story and gives his answer. This is true, because he paid the greatest price for it - his life. Could this experience be useful to us? Yes and no... He can give us strength, inspiration, strengthen our faith in love, but the Universe expects from us something completely new, unique, incomprehensible, so that subsequent generations will be inspired by our stories. It turns out that love is the infinity of life, where there was no beginning and there will be no end.

“Cold Autumn”, Bunin: contents

“In June of that year, he visited us on the estate...” - the story begins with these words, and the reader involuntarily gets the impression that this is a certain excerpt from a diary, torn somewhere in the middle. This is one of the features of this work. The main character, on whose behalf the story is told, begins her story with a farewell meeting with her lover. We don't know anything about their past relationship or when or how their love began. Before us, in fact, there is already a denouement: the lovers and their parents agreed on an imminent wedding, and the future is seen in bright colors, but... But the heroine’s father brings a newspaper with sad news: Ferdinand, the Austrian crown prince, was killed in Sarajevo, and that means war inevitable, the separation of young people is inevitable, and the outcome is still far away.

September. He came for just one evening to say goodbye before leaving for the front. The evening passed surprisingly quietly, without unnecessary phrases, without special feelings and emotions. Everyone tried to hide what was going on inside: fear, melancholy and endless sadness. She absentmindedly walked to the window and looked out into the garden. There, in the black sky, the icy stars sparkled coldly and sharply. Mom carefully sewed up the silk bag. Everyone knew that there was a golden icon inside, which once served as a talisman at the front for my grandfather and great-grandfather. It was touching and creepy. Soon the parents went to bed.

Left alone, they sat in the dining room for a while and then decided to take a walk. It became cold outside. My soul was getting heavier and heavier... The air was completely winter. This evening, this cold autumn will forever remain in their memory. He did not know what his fate would be, but he hoped that she would not immediately forget him if he died. The most important thing is that she live, rejoice, and live a happy life, and he will definitely be waiting for her there... She cried bitterly. She was afraid both for him and for herself: what if he really was gone, and one day she would forget him, because everything has its end...

He left early in the morning. They stood for a long time and looked after him. “They killed him - what a strange word! - in a month, in Galicia” - here is the denouement, which fits in one single sentence. The epilogue is the next thirty years - an endless series of events that, on the one hand, were important, significant, and on the other... Death of parents, revolution, poverty, marriage to an elderly retired military man, escape from Russia, another death - the death of her husband , and then his nephew and his wife, wandering throughout Europe with their little daughter. What was all this? The main character sums it up and answers herself: only that distant, already barely distinguishable cold autumn evening, and everything else is an unnecessary dream.

Analysis of “Cold Autumn” by I.A. Bunin

Time. What it is? We are accustomed to labeling everything: hours, minutes, days. We divide life into past and future, trying to get everything done and not miss the main thing. What is the main thing? Analysis of “Cold Autumn” by I.A. Bunin showed how the author conveyed the conventions of the existing world order. Space and time take on other forms and are painted in completely different colors in the human soul. The description of the last autumn evening in their lives takes up most of the work, while thirty years of life takes up only one paragraph. During dinner in the dining room with the main character, we feel subtle sighs, notice every tilt of the head, see the endless changes of everyone present, and imperceptibly the understanding comes to us that all these seemingly insignificant details are the most important.

The detailed description of the dining room with the windows fogged up from the samovar, the hot lamp above the table in the first part of the story is contrasted with the endless list of cities and countries that our heroine had to visit: the Czech Republic, Turkey, Bulgaria, Belgium, Serbia, Paris, Nice... From small to a cozy, gentle home exudes warmth and happiness, while the glorified Europe with “boxes from a chocolate store in satin paper with gold laces” exudes dullness and indifference.

Continuing the analysis of “Cold Autumn” by I.A. Bunin, I would like to dwell on the “secret psychologism” that is used by the writer to convey the internal experiences of the main characters. The farewell meeting has its own face and backside: external indifference, feigned simplicity and absent-mindedness of the main characters hide their inner turmoil and fear of the future. Insignificant phrases, exaggeratedly calm words are spoken aloud, notes of indifference are heard in the voice, but behind all this one feels growing excitement and depth of feelings. This makes it “touching and creepy”, “sad and good”...

Concluding the analysis of “Cold Autumn” by I.A. Bunin, let us pay attention to one more important detail. There are not many characters in the story: the hero and heroine, parents, husband, his nephew with his wife and little daughter... But who are they? No name is given. Although at the very beginning the name of the crown prince is heard - Ferdinad, whose murder became the pretext for and led to the tragedy described. Thus, the author is trying to convey that the tragic fate of the main characters is both exceptional and typical, because war is a universal tragedy that rarely bypasses anyone.

Having survived two world wars, revolution and emigration, Nobel laureate, Russian writer Ivan Bunin, at seventy-four years old, creates a cycle of stories called “Dark Alleys.” All his works are devoted to one eternal theme - love.

The collection consists of 38 stories; among the rest, a story called “Cold Autumn” stands out. Love is presented here as an invisible ideal, a feeling that the heroine carries throughout her life. The story is read in one breath, leaving behind a feeling of lost love and faith in the immortality of the soul.

Bunin himself singled out this story from the rest. The story begins as if from the middle. A noble family consisting of a father, mother and daughter celebrates the name day of the head of the family on Peter's Day. Among the guests is the future groom of the main character. The girl's father proudly announces his daughter's engagement, but a few days later everything changes: the newspaper publishes sensational news - Crown Prince Ferdinand was killed in Sarajevo, the situation in the world has become tense, war is coming.

It’s late, the parents tactfully leave the young couple alone and go to bed. The lovers do not know how to calm down the excitement. For some reason, the girl wants to play solitaire (usually in anxious moments you want to do something ordinary), but the young man cannot sit still. Reciting Fet's poems, they go out into the courtyard. The culmination of this part of the story is the kiss and the words of the groom that if he is killed, let her live, enjoy life, and then come to him...

Dramatic events in the story “Cold Autumn”

If you don’t have enough time to read, check out the summary of “Cold Autumn” by Bunin. The description is short, so it will not be difficult to read it to the end.

A month later he was killed, this “strange word” constantly rings in her ears. The author is abruptly transported to the future and describes the state of the heroine thirty years later. This is a middle-aged woman who was destined to go through all the circles of hell, like many who did not accept the revolution. Like everyone else, she was quietly selling some of her property to soldiers in hats and unbuttoned overcoats (the author emphasizes this important detail), and suddenly she met a retired military man, a man of rare spiritual beauty. He was much older than her, so he soon proposed marriage.

Like many, they emigrated, dressed in peasant clothes, to Yekaterinodar and lived there for two years. After the retreat of the whites, they decided to sail to Turkey, and their husband’s nephew, his young wife and seven-month-old daughter fled with them. On the way, the husband died of typhus, the nephew and his wife joined Wrangel’s army, leaving their daughter and going missing.

The hardships of emigration

Further, the narrative (a summary of Bunin’s “Cold Autumn” is presented in the article) becomes tragic. The heroine had to work hard, wandering all over Europe, to earn a living for herself and the girl. She received nothing in gratitude. The adopted daughter turned out to be a “real Frenchwoman”: she got a job in a Parisian chocolate store, turned into a sleek young woman and completely forgot about the existence of her guardian, who had to beg in Nice. The heroine does not condemn anyone, this is noticeable in her words: at the end of the story she says that she has lived, rejoiced, and all that remains is a meeting with her beloved.

Analysis of Bunin's "Cold Autumn"

For the most part, the writer presents his works according to the usual scheme, in the third person, starting with the protagonist’s memories of tremulous moments in life, outbursts of feelings and inevitable separation.

In the story “Cold Autumn,” Bunin changes the chronology of events.

The narration is told from the perspective of the heroine, this gives the story an emotional overtones. The reader does not know when she met her fiancé, but it is already clear that there are feelings between them, so at the name day her father announces their engagement. Arriving to say goodbye to the bride's house, the hero feels that this is the last meeting. Bunin, in brief but succinct images, describes the heroes’ last moments together. The restraint of the heroes contrasts with the excitement they experienced. The words “responded indifferently,” “feigned a sigh,” “looked absentmindedly,” and so on generally characterize the aristocrats of that time, among whom it was not customary to talk excessively about feelings.

The hero understands that this is his last meeting with his beloved, so he tries to capture in his memory everything connected with his beloved, including nature. He is “sad and good”, “terrible and touching”, he is afraid of the unknown, but bravely goes to lay down his life for “his friends”.

Anthem of love

Bunin touched upon the theme of “Cold Autumn” already in adulthood, having gone through all the hardships of life and receiving international recognition.

The “Dark Alleys” cycle is a hymn to love, not only platonic, but also physical. The works in the collection are more poetry than prose. There are no impressive battle scenes in the story; Bunin considers the problem of “Cold Autumn” - a dramatic story about love - to be war, which destroys the destinies of people, creating unbearable conditions for them, and those who unleash it are responsible for the future. Russian emigrant writer Ivan Bunin writes about this.

The rest of the characters in the story "Cold Autumn"

The love drama develops against the backdrop of the First World War. Time in the story seems to slow down when it comes to the main characters. Most of the description is devoted to young people, rather, to one evening in their lives. The remaining thirty years are contained in one paragraph. The minor characters of the story “Cold Autumn” by Ivan Alekseevich Bunin are described by two or three features. The girl's father, mother, the landlady who sheltered and abused her, the main character's husband, and even her nephew and his young wife are shown in a tragic light. Another characteristic feature of the work is that no one has names.

And this is symbolic. Bunin's heroes are collective images of that time. They are not specific people, but those who suffered during the First World War, and later the Civil War.

Two main parts of the story

Analyzing Bunin’s “Cold Autumn” you understand that the story is divided into two parts: local and historical. The local part involves heroes, their problems, their close circle, and the historical part includes such names and terms as Ferdinand, World War I, European cities and countries, for example, Paris, Nice, Turkey, France, Ekaterinodar, Crimea, Novocherkassk and so on. . This technique immerses the reader in a specific era. Using the example of one family, you can deeply understand the state of people of that time. It is obvious that the writer condemns war and the destructive force it brings. It is no coincidence that the best books and films about war are written and filmed without war scenes. Thus, the film “Belorussky Station” is a film about the fate of people who survived the Great Patriotic War. The film is considered a masterpiece of Russian cinema, although it completely lacks battle scenes.

Final part

Once upon a time, the great Russian writer Leo Tolstoy told Ivan Alekseevich Bunin that there is no happiness in life, there are only moments, lightnings of this feeling that should be cherished, appreciated and lived by. The hero of the story “Cold Autumn,” leaving for the front, asked his beloved to live and enjoy the world, even if he was killed. But was there happiness in her life that she saw and experienced? The heroine herself answers this question: there was only one cold autumn day when she was truly happy. The rest seems like an unnecessary dream to her. But this evening happened, the memories of it warmed her soul and gave her strength to live without despair.

No matter what happened in a person’s life, these events were there and gave experience and wisdom. Everyone deserves what they dream of. A woman with a difficult fate was happy because her life was illuminated by the lightning of memories.

During the Great Patriotic War, while in exile at that time and living at the Villa “Jeannette” in Grasse, I.A. Bunin created the best of all that he wrote - the cycle of stories “Dark Alleys”. In it, the writer made an unprecedented attempt: he wrote thirty-eight times “about the same thing” - about love. However, the result of this amazing consistency is amazing: each time Bunin talks about love in a new way, and the severity of the reported “details of feeling” is not dulled, but even intensified.

One of the best stories in the series is “Cold Autumn.” The writer wrote about him: “Cold Autumn really touches me.” It was created on May 3, 1944. This story stands out from the others. Usually Bunin narrates from a third person, into which the hero’s confession is inserted, his memory of some bright moment in his life, of his love. And in describing feelings, Bunin follows a certain pattern: meeting - sudden rapprochement - a dazzling flash of feelings - inevitable separation. And most often the writer talks about a somewhat forbidden love. Here Bunin abandons both the impersonal narrative and the usual scheme. The story is told from the perspective of the heroine, which gives the work a subjective flavor and makes it at the same time unbiased, accurate in expressing the feelings experienced by the characters. But the all-seeing author still exists: he manifests himself in the organization of the material, in the characteristics of the characters, and involuntarily we learn from him in advance about what will happen, we feel it.

The violation of the scheme is that the heroine’s story begins, as it were, from the middle. We learn nothing about how and when love was born. The heroine begins her story with the last meeting in the lives of two loving people. Before us is already a denouement, a reception not typical for “Dark Alleys”: the lovers and their parents have already agreed on the wedding, and the “inevitable separation” is due to the war in which the hero is killed. This suggests that Bunin in this story writes not only about love.

The plot of the work is quite simple. All events are presented sequentially, one after another. The story opens with an extremely brief exposition: here we learn about the time when the main events took place, a little about the characters in the story. The plot is set by the murder of Ferdinand and the moment when the heroine’s father brings newspapers to the house and reports the beginning of the war. Very smoothly, Bunin brings us to the denouement, which is contained in one sentence:

They killed him (what a strange word!) a month later, in Galicia.

The subsequent narration is already an epilogue (a story about the narrator’s future life): time passes, the heroine’s parents pass away, she lives in Moscow, gets married, and moves to Yekaterinodar. After the death of her husband, she wanders around Europe with the daughter of his nephew, who, together with his wife, drove off to Wrangel and went missing. And now, when her story is told, she lives alone in Nice, remembering that cold autumn evening.

The time frame in the work as a whole is preserved. There is only one place where the chronology is disrupted. In general, the internal time of the story can be divided into three groups: “past first” (cold autumn), “past second” (thirty years of later life) and present (living in Nice, time of storytelling). "The First Past" ends with the message of the hero's death. Here time seems to stop and we are transported to the present:

And now thirty years have passed since then.

At this point, the story is divided into two parts, sharply opposed to each other: a cold autumn evening and “life without him,” which seemed so impossible. Then the chronology of time is restored. And the words of the hero “You live, enjoy the world, then come to me...” at the end of the story, as if returning us to that cold autumn, which is spoken of at the beginning.

Another feature of time in “Cold Autumn” is that not all the events that form the plot basis of the work are covered in equal detail. More than half of the story is occupied by the vicissitudes of one evening, while the events of thirty years of life are listed in one paragraph. When the heroine talks about an autumn evening, time seems to slow down. The reader, along with the characters, is immersed in a state of half-asleep, every breath, every rustle is heard. Time seems to be suffocating.

The space of the story combines two planes: local (heroes and their close circle) and historical and geographical background (Ferdinand, Wrangel, Sarajevo, the First World War, cities and countries of Europe, Ekaterinodar, Novocherkassk, etc.). Thanks to this, the space of the story expands to the limits of the world. At the same time, the historical and geographical background is not only a background, it is not just decoration. All of the named historical, cultural and geographical realities are directly related to the characters in the story and what is happening in their lives. The love drama takes place against the backdrop of the First World War, or rather its beginning. Moreover, it is the cause of the ongoing tragedy:

A lot of people came to us on Peter's Day - it was my father's name day, and at dinner he was announced as my fiancé. But on July 19, Germany declared war on Russia...

Bunin's condemnation of the war is obvious. The writer seems to be telling us that this world tragedy is at the same time a general tragedy of love, because it destroys it, hundreds of people suffer from the fact that the war has begun and precisely for the reason that loved ones are separated by it, often forever. This is also confirmed by the fact that Bunin in every possible way draws our attention to the typicality of this situation. This is often stated directly:

I was also engaged in trade, selling, like many sold then...

After, like many wherever I wandered with her!..

There are few characters here, as in any story: the hero, the heroine, her father and mother, her husband and his nephew with his wife and daughter. None of them have names! This confirms the idea expressed above: they are not specific people, they are one of those who suffered first from the First World War, and then from the civil war.

To convey the internal state of the characters, “secret psychologism” is used. Very often Bunin uses words with the meaning of indifference, calmness: “insignificant”, “exaggeratedly calm” words, “feigned simplicity”, “looked absentmindedly”, “sighed lightly”, “responded indifferently” and others. This reveals Bunin's subtle psychologism. The heroes try to hide their excitement, which is growing every minute. We are witnessing a great tragedy. There is silence all around, but it is dead. Everyone understands and feels that this is their last meeting, this evening - and this will never happen again, nothing will happen next. This makes it both “touching and creepy”, “sad and good”. The hero is almost sure that he will never return to this house, which is why he is so sensitive to everything that happens around him: he notices that “the windows of the house shine very specially, like autumn,” the sparkle of her eyes, “the very winter air.” He walks from corner to corner, she decided to play solitaire. The conversation doesn't go well. Emotional tragedy reaches its climax.

The landscape also has a dramatic tone. Approaching the balcony door, the heroine sees how “ice stars” sparkle “brightly and sharply” “in the garden, in the black sky”; going out into the garden - “in the brightening sky there are black branches, showered with minerally shining stars.” On the morning of his departure, everything around is joyful, sunny, sparkling with frost on the grass. And the house remains empty - forever. And one senses an “amazing incompatibility” between them (the characters in the story) and the nature around them. It is no coincidence that the pines from Fet’s poem, which the hero recalls, become “blackening” (For Fet – “dormant”). Bunin condemns the war. I love it. It disrupts the natural order of things, destroys the connections between man and nature, makes the heart blacken and kills love.

But this is not the most important thing in the story “Cold Autumn”.

Leo Tolstoy once said to Bunin: “There is no happiness in life, there are only lightnings of it - appreciate them, live by them.” The hero, leaving for the front, asked the heroine to live and be happy in the world (if he was killed). Was there joy in her life? She herself answers this question: there was “only that cold autumn evening,” and that’s all, “the rest is an unnecessary dream.” And yet this evening “still happened.” And the past years of her life, in spite of everything, seem to her “that magical, incomprehensible, incomprehensible neither to the mind nor to the heart, which is called the past.” That painfully anxious “cold autumn” was the very dawn of happiness that Tolstoy advised to appreciate.

Whatever happened in a person’s life, it “still happened”; It is precisely this that is the magical past; it is precisely this that the memory preserves memories of.

What a cold autumn!
Put on your shawl and hood...

Look - between the blackening pines
It's like a fire is rising...

LITERATURE LESSON IN 11TH GRADE

Morozova Elena Ivanovna, MOAU Secondary School No. 5

Linguistic means of expression in a literary text (using the example of I.A. Bunin’s story “Cold Autumn”)

Goals:

Improve your skills in analyzing a work of art, paying attention to the features of Bunin’s style;

Develop the ability to compare, generalize, draw conclusions, and argue your point of view;

Find out how speech means work to express the author's idea.

Methods: analytical conversation; analysis.

Epigraphs:

The better, the deeper a person knows the language, the richer, deeper and more accurate

his thoughts will be expressed. The richness of language is the richness of thoughts.

M. Isakovsky.

There is no word that is so sweeping

smartly, it would burst out from under the very heart, it would boil and vibrate, like an aptly spoken Russian word.

N.V.Gogol.

“...elusive artistic precision, amazing figurativeness...how can one manage in music without sounds, in painting without colors, images...of objects, and in literature without words, things, as we know, but completely ethereal »

I.A. Bunin

1.. Against the background of “music by P. I. Tchaikovsky “Sweet Dream” (the student reads the 1st part of the story.)

Teacher.The opinion of Bunin as one of the greatest stylists in Russian literature has long been firmly established. His work clearly revealed those features of Russian literature that the writer himself considered “the most precious” - elusive artistic precision, amazing figurativeness... how can one manage in music without sounds, in painting without paints and without images, and in literature without a word, things, as we know, are not entirely incorporeal.

It was figurativeness that Bunin considered to be the hallmark of a truly artistic work.

It is about the expressiveness of Bunin’s word, about linguistic means that will be discussed in today’s lesson.

4.0let's turn to the epigraphs.Let's read the epigraphs.

- What is the main idea of ​​these statements?Write down the topic of the lesson, choose an epigraph.

- What a story?(0 love.)

- What do you know about the history of writing, time?

( The story was written in 1944. Part of the “Dark Alleys” cycle. This cycle

is central to Bunin’s work. It is noteworthy that all the stories in this series are about love. All 38 short stories are united by one theme - the themelove. Love makes the life of Bunin's heroes significant.

- Let's look at the title of the story.

( This is an inaccurate reproduction of a line from Fetov's poem without

names.)

A student reads a poem.

What a cold autumn!

Put on your shawl and hood;

Look: because of the slumbering pines

It's like a fire is rising.

Northern night glow

I remember always being near you,

And the phosphorescent eyes shine,

They just don’t keep me warm.

- If the story is about love, then why didn’t Bunin call it differently?

title with the word "love"?

( The title of the story is a metaphor for the loneliness of the middle-aged heroine (“autumn

life"), but at the same time - this is the time she desired, the ideal situation:

return to the autumn of 1914, departure toeternity.

Find in the textconfirmation of this... .yes, but what happened in my life? And I answerto myself: just that cold evening.

.. . And that’s all that happened in my life - the rest is an unnecessary dream.)

- Now prove in your own words thatAllthe rest is an unnecessary dream.

The words of the heroine’s fiancé sound like a sad refrain, a repeated phrase. “Just live, enjoy...” And we see that the heroine lives only one evening.

- What is the composition of the story?

Exposition about one and a half months: first half of June until19 July 1913. The events leading up to the beginning are shown.

Main Part Evening in September, the morning of the hero’s departure (pause-me-

syats). The death of the hero is his departure from life and the “interruption” of the heroine’s life.

The final thirty years of the heroine’s painful existence.

Return from the plot present (1944) to the “beginning” - a memory of Nice 1912.

Let's turn to the exhibition.

- What did you find strange at the beginning of the story?

( Bunin deliberately does not name the names of the heroes.)

- In the first part of the story, too,Howand throughout the story the author uses

realities. Findtheir.

( The beginning of the war, ... lived in Moscow, went to Ekaterinodar, sailed from

Novorossiysk to Turkey...Bulgaria, Serbia, Czech Republic, Belgium, Paris,

Nice...)

-You can draw a parallel between the heroine and the writer himself, on

whose share was a lot of hardships: wanderings, loss of homeland, melancholy.

- Find more realities.(War with Germany, assassination of Ferdinand...)

Student. The word in the storywar brings anxiety. Although we don't see the military

actions, but events dictate another topic for us - the topic of world war.

There is no scale of war, but its destructive power is palpable.

Confirm with text. (... arrived for just a day - to say goodbye to

leaving forfront, our time has comefarewell evening; If mewill kill...,

Killed him in a month...)

Name the linguistic means in the 1st part of the story.

Students find expressive means and draw conclusions.

( Bunin's language is characterized by the stable nature of paths. Crystal ringing, candy face, mourning. In the story, this is the fatal bag, secret thoughts, a farewell party, a chocolate shop. Based on the use of precious stones and gems, the words silver, gold - sprinkled with shining stars, how the eyes sparkle! A golden icon, sparkling frost, handles with silver nails, gold laces.)

This story is characterized by the use of figurative means to designate the “material world,” the world of sensations that create the eternal plan.(Confirm this with text.)

(That evening we sat quietly..., hiding oursecret thoughts and feelings; Well, what if they kill you?I'll be waiting for you there... ...somewhere there he is waiting for me with the same love and youth.

-Yes, these images interact with images of the eternal world, existence, incomprehensible to man.

In order to make sure that many of Bunin’s works are characterized by the image of the eternal world, let’s compare the poem “Through the Window from a Dark Cabin...” and the story “Cold Autumn.”

Only one starry sky,

One firmament is motionless,

Calm and blissful, alien to Everything that is so dark beneath him.

“...In the garden, in the black sky, bright...

“Then they began to appear in the light

in the glowing sky, black branches sprinkled with mineral glitter

stars."

In the story, the divine splendor of the world is contrasted with chaos, the merciless power of fate. Repetitions are used (If Iwill kill. . .What if it’s true?will kill? Well what ifwill kill...

-What is the connection between parts 1 and 2 of the story?

(2- I part begins with the wordkilled. Those. the power of rock is merciless.)

-Name epithets that confirm this. (cold, black, indifferent)

1. Analyzing nature and man, we say that the landscape repeats the state of the lyrical hero. Confirm this with text.

(Surprisingly early andcold autumn. - Younot cold? Cold, a cold evening is associated with cold in the souls of the heroes, a premonition of trouble. Winter evening - the death of a lover.

The variety of shades is fixed using epithets, a combination of adverbs and adjectives(color adverbs). Find them.

Pure icy stars, hot lamp, autumn charm, minerally shining stars, autumn-like.

Teacher. The story is built on associative connections between the present and the past, therefore, it has a space-time perspective. Its peculiarity is that in emotional and evaluative terms, the present and past are colored by a general tone of excitement.(Could I have thought in those happy days what she (Nice) would one day become for me!). The heroine is immersed in herself - in her inner world the past and the present coexist equally, equally vividly experienced now and then.The idea of ​​Bunin's style would be far from complete if we limited ourselves to only characterizing figurative means. After all, Bunin is one of the finest Russian stylists.

- So, let's draw a conclusion about what expressive means of language, what techniques uses I.A.Bunin.

The arsenal of figurative and expressive language in the story “Cold Autumn” is extremely rich and varied. Here are both tropes and stylistic figures designed to embellish speech, make it precise, clear, expressive, containing untold treasures and values. But he reveals his wealth only to those who have a true love for language, for words.

Music is playing. "Sweet Dream"

Homework. Write a review of the story “Cold Autumn.”

Approximate review plan:

1. Date of publication of the work (when it was written or published). 2. History of creation, concept of the work. 3. Genre originality of the work. 4. The plot and composition of the work (what is this work about, name its main events, note the plot, climax, denouement, the role of the epilogue and epigraph (if any). 5. Topic (what is said in the work), what topics are touched upon in the work. 6. Issues (what problems, issues) are addressed in the work, are they important, why are they considered by the author. 7. Characteristics of the main artistic images (names, striking features of appearance, social status, philosophy of life, views on the world, relationships with other characters, experiences, emotions, what problem/problems are associated with this character). 8. The idea and pathos of the work (what the author wanted to say, the author’s view of the issues raised, what he calls for). 9. The place of the work in the writer’s work (is this work important for understanding the writer’s work, does it reflect the main themes and problems in his work, is it possible to judge the writer’s style and worldview from this work). 10. The place of the work in the history of literature (is this work significant for Russian literature and world literature, why). 11. Your impression of the work (liked/disliked, why).