Presentation on the topic Russian nesting doll. Computer presentation for the lesson "Russian nesting doll"

How did the nesting doll appear? If you consider the “Russian nesting doll” to be an original Russian toy, then you are mistaken. The first Russian nesting doll was carved and painted in a Moscow toy workshop only in the 90s of the 19th century, based on a model brought from Japan. This Japanese example, made with great humor, consisted of many figures of the Japanese sage Fukuruma inserted into each other - a bald old man with his head stretched up from numerous thoughts.

A matryoshka doll is a wooden doll similar to Vanka-vstanka. She portrays a Russian peasant girl. Several smaller nesting dolls are placed inside the nesting dolls, arranging them according to height. A matryoshka doll in a scarlet shawl stood on the desk. It was thickly varnished and shone like glass. Hidden in it were five more nesting dolls in multi-colored shawls: green, yellow, blue, purple and, finally, the smallest nesting doll, the size of a thimble, in a shawl made of gold leaf. Village Master awarded the nesting dolls with Russian beauty, sable eyebrows and a blush glowing like coals. He covered his blue eyes with long eyelashes. (According to K. Paustovsky)

The doll figures are carved by men and painted by women. Favorite pattern – large pink-crimson rosehip flowers. Usually their daughters are painted next to mothers. Even little girls ask for permission to draw flaming flowers, blue matryoshka eyes and a mouth with a bow. (A. Rogov)

Matryoshka dolls are made from larch, linden and aspen, always felled in early spring. The wood is aged for two to three years, then turned on machines and carefully processed. The master meticulously selects the material for the doll, looks for one that does not have any knots or cracks, and only after making sure of the quality of the workpiece does he begin to work. First he sharpens the smallest nesting doll, sometimes it is very tiny, smaller than a fingernail, then bigger, bigger...

Presentation for OOD "History of Semenovskaya Matryoshka"

I'm from the quiet, green
The town of Semenov.
I came to visit you,
Bouquet of garden flowers
Pink, burgundy,
I brought it as a gift.

As part of an innovative support platform for the spiritual and moral development and education of preschool children.

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I am from the quiet, green town of Semenov. I came to visit you, I brought a bouquet of garden flowers, pink and burgundy, as a gift.

The city of Semenov has long been a traditional center of crafts for the production of handicraft wooden goods, dishes, toys, and other household products. It is said that Semenov's artisans made their own special nesting doll with its own characteristics and design elements in 1924. Since that time, the production of nesting dolls in the Semenov style has been constantly developing.

The first Semenovskaya nesting doll was made by a skilled turner Averyan Vagin from the village of Merinovo, which was located 8 km from Semenov. His son brought a wooden doll made in Sergiev Posad, painted light green, depicting a man with a mustache and beard. By analogy with Easter eggs. Vagin decided to make a wooden doll from two parts. The first nesting doll was painted purple. The origin of Semyonovskaya matryoshka painting was also associated with the hereditary master Arseny Mayorov. One day the head of the family, Arsenty Fedorovich, brought from Nizhny Novgorod empty unpainted matryoshka doll. The wooden doll was painted by his daughter Lyuba. Lyuba used a quill pen to draw the outlines, and used a small brush and aniline dyes to fill in the design. Lyuba placed a large bright red flower in the center of the doll.

“Semyonovsky” style of painting nesting dolls For a Semenovskaya nesting doll, the priority is not the set of certain elements, but the choice of colors. Saturated warm colors must be used: red, yellow, green, sometimes added to them blue paint. At the same time, key details are outlined in black, which gives the toy incredible clarity and expressiveness. Among the “Semyonov’s” nesting dolls you will not find male characters or young ladies in expensive dresses. All the figures represent modest peasant girls in simple sundresses with floral patterns. The dolls must have a scarf on their heads, which often has a polka dot pattern. Of course, there are other types of painting: Tver, northern Vyatka, and the famous Khokhloma. They all have unique features.

MASTER CLASS “MATRYOSHKA PAINTING” 1) The wooden blank must be thoroughly sanded and coated with a primer, and the solution must be applied with a wide synthetic brush. If acrylic primer is used, it must be diluted with water. 2) We plan with a simple pencil We begin to paint the main elements of the outfit, first of all we paint the large details - an apron, a scarf. To be on the safe side, you can draw a sketch of the matryoshka’s clothes on paper. 3) Now you can move on to small elements and patterns. To mix shades, it is convenient to use toothpicks and cotton buds. 4) Lastly, we “make” the face: you need to draw eyes with eyelashes, eyebrows with a house, lips and a gentle blush in circles. For children, this stage usually seems the most difficult, because... requires extreme care. 5) We draw thin black contours with a brush No. 0, having previously practiced on paper. 6) The matryoshka is ready!

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Matryoshka – the soul of Russia

Matryoshka is a unique Russian toy. Together with the Russian birch tree and the Russian samovar, it became a symbol of Russia. The Russian nesting doll is a kind messenger of friendship and love. She is the soul of Russia.

Where and how did this miracle come from? The most popular Russian wooden painted doll in the world appeared in Russia in the 90s of the 19th century in the Abramtsevo estate near Moscow, owned by S.I. Mamontov.

MAMMONTOV Savva Ivanovich - major industrialist and philanthropist. Being a keen connoisseur of music and fine arts, Mamontov S.I. created a center in his Abramtsevo estate near Moscow artistic life Russia.

S.I. Mamontov united a galaxy of major Russian artists, musicians and performers on his estate near Moscow. Abramtsevo is becoming one of the centers of artistic life in Russia. Participants in the circle of artistic youth, which included V. M. Vasnetsov, V. D. and E. D. Polenov, M. V. Nesterov, and many others, were keenly interested in Russian history and culture, collected and studied works of peasant art, trying to revive folk art crafts. I.I. Levitan. . V.M. Vasnetsov. V.D. Polenov. M.M. Antokolsky F.I. Chaliapin

One day, a Japanese toy brought from the island of Honshu by the wife of S.I. Mamontov came to the estate. It was a figure of a good-natured bald old man, the sage Fukurumu, in which there were several more figures nested one inside the other. The Japanese, by the way, claim that a Russian monk was the first to carve such a toy on the island of Honshu. This toy was the prototype of our matryoshka doll.

The first Russian nesting doll was made by toy turner Vasily Zvezdochkin, inspired by the figurine of the wooden sage Fukuruma, within the walls of the workshop “ Child education”, founded by philanthropist Savva Mamontov. The sketch for its painting was created by the artist Sergei Malyutin, who personally painted the matryoshka doll. Workshop "Children's education". S. Malyutin.

The first matryoshka turned out to be a round-faced, plump, mischievous girl in a headscarf and folk dress, with a rooster in her hands. Inside big girls a smaller boy was placed, then a girl again, boys and girls alternated further, and the smallest and “indivisible” one was a nesting doll in the form of a swaddled baby. There are eight dolls in total.

And the nesting doll went for a walk around the world. A real Russian beauty. Rosy-cheeked, in a smart sundress, with a bright scarf on her head. But the nesting doll is not a lazy person; in her hands she either has a sickle and ears of grain, or a duck or a cockerel, or a basket with mushrooms, berries or flowers. But the main thing is this doll has a secret! Cheerful little sisters are hiding inside it, a little less. The matryoshkas were walking along the path. There were just a few of them, two Matryoshkas, three Matryoshkas and another Matryoshka. New centers for its production and painting began to emerge in Russia.

Sergiev - Posad

Semyonov

Polkhovsky Maidan

Russian throne Marking the centenary of the Battle of Borodino

Based on fairy tales.

The birth of a matryoshka doll.

The first in Russia - and in the world! - nesting doll museum. Opened in 2001 in Moscow.

Cultural monuments

The Russian nesting doll is a real wonder of the world. Present, because it was and remains a creation human hands. A miracle of the world - because in an amazing way the toy symbol of Russia moves around the world, not recognizing any distances or borders.

The Russian nesting doll is a good messenger of friendship and love. She is the soul of Russia!

Purpose of the lesson: To know the history of the origin and development of the Russian nesting doll;
Learn to create an ornament using variations of different shapes.

• Education of artistic taste.
• Development in children creative imagination, imagination, ability to understand and appreciate beauty.
• Creating an image in embroidery and painting.

Content:
I. Organizational moment
II. Announcing the topic of the lesson in the form of a riddle:
There are sisters hiding in this young woman.
Each sister is a dungeon for the little one. (Matryoshka)
III. Announce the purpose and objectives and content of the lesson.
IV. Repetition of the material covered takes place in the quiz “Agreement, disagreement” (children work with cards).
V. Physical education minute (checking readiness for the lesson)
VI. Introducing a new topic.
VII. Test work
VIII. Peer review
IX. Physical education (warm-up for the eyes, ophthalmological table)
X. Practical work
XI. Work evaluation

Studying new topic begins with the theoretical part (studying the history of the development of the nesting doll) and viewing the presentation.

A matryoshka is a wooden, brightly painted doll, hollow inside, in the form of a semi-oval figure, into which other similar dolls of a smaller size are inserted. (Dictionary of the Russian language. S.I. Ozhegov)

Although the nesting doll has long gained a reputation as a symbol of our country, its roots are by no means Russian. According to the most common version, the history of the nesting doll originates in Japan. How did this happen?

Japan is a land of many gods. Each of them was responsible for something: either for the harvest, or helped the righteous, or was the patron of the happiness of art. Japanese gods are varied and multifaceted: cheerful, angry, wise... Yogis believed that a person has several bodies, each of which was patronized by a god. Entire sets of god figures were popular in Japan. And here in late XIX century, someone decided to place several figures one inside the other. The first such fun was the figurine of the Buddhist sage Fukuruma, a good-natured bald old man who was responsible for happiness, prosperity and wisdom.

The Japanese figurine made its journey to Russia and was met with interest by turner Vasily Zvezdochkin. It was he who carved similar figures from wood, which were also nested inside one another. Famous artist Sergei Malyutin painted the figure in the Russian style - it was a round-faced, ruddy girl in a colorful scarf, a sundress, with a black rooster in her hand. The toy consisted of eight figures. Girls alternated with boys, and this family was crowned by a swaddled baby. It should be noted that the ability to paint turned items existed in Russia long before the matryoshka doll - in the tradition of turning and painting wooden eggs for Easter. So the Japanese figures found their way onto prepared Russian soil.

The most common name in Rus' was Matryona, if affectionately, then Matryoshka. That’s what they called the wooden young lady. Over time, the name Matryoshka became a household name.

The first Russian nesting dolls were created in Sergiev Posad as fun for children, which helped them master the concepts of shape, color, quantity and size. Such toys were quite expensive. But demand for them appeared immediately. A few years after the appearance of the first nesting doll, almost the entire Sergiev Posad was making these charming dolls. The original plot of the Russian nesting doll is Russian girls and women, rosy-cheeked and plump, dressed in sundresses and scarves, with dogs, cats, baskets, and flowers.

The Russian nesting doll became so famous that orders began to come even from abroad. At the beginning of the 20th century, a real matryoshka boom began. In addition to the traditional girl in a sundress, images of shepherdesses with a pipe, bearded men, brides and grooms appeared. Later, themed nesting dolls appeared, depicting, for example, characters literary heroes. Thus, for the centenary of N.V. Gogol, a series of matryoshka dolls - the heroes of Gogol's "The Inspector General" - was released. The theme of fairy tales has also always attracted Russian nesting doll masters. They illustrated “Turnip”, “Ivan Tsarevich”, “Firebird” and others. The imagination of the masters knew no bounds. Today, nesting dolls depicting historical and political figures are quite popular. But the main purpose of the nesting doll - to present a surprise - remains unchanged.

How is a matryoshka born? This process is quite complicated and requires considerable skill and patience. Each master has his own secrets. First you need to choose a tree. As a rule, these are linden, birch, and aspen. And it should be smooth, without knots. The tree is cut down in winter or early spring so that there is little sap in it. The trunk is processed and stored so that the wood is blown. It is important not to dry out the log. Drying time is approximately two years. The masters say that the tree should ring.

The smallest nesting doll that does not open is the first to be born. Following her - Bottom part(bottom) for the next one. The upper part of the second nesting doll is not dried, but is immediately put on the bottom. Due to the fact that the upper part is dried in place, the parts of the nesting doll fit tightly to each other and hold well.

When the body of the nesting doll is ready, it is sanded and primed. And then the process begins that gives each nesting doll its own individuality - painting. First, the base of the drawing is applied with a pencil. Then the contours of the mouth, eyes, cheeks are outlined. And then they draw clothes for the matryoshka. Typically, when painting, they use gouache, watercolor or acrylic. Each locality has its own canons of painting, its own colors and shapes.

A good nesting doll is distinguished by the fact that: all its figures easily fit into each other; two parts of one nesting doll fit tightly and do not dangle; the drawing is correct and clear; Well, and, of course, a good nesting doll should be beautiful.

After familiarizing themselves with the theoretical part of the lesson, children begin practical work.

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Slide captions:

Russian doll

How the first matryoshka appeared.

The creators of the matryoshka Russian master Vasily Z. Vezdochkin carved the first matryoshka figurine from wood, and the artist Sergei Malyutin painted it.

How dolls are made.

What types of nesting dolls are there? Matryoshka fell in love simple people. Craftsmen began to make the doll in different cities: Sergiev Posad, Semenov, Vyatka, and the village of Polkhovsky Maidan. All these nesting dolls were different from each other.

Sergiev - Posad nesting dolls I am from Sergiev Posad. I am very glad to meet you. The artists gave me a Bright Russian sundress. I have had a pattern on my apron for a long time. My handkerchief is famous for its multi-colored border.

The Sergiev Posad nesting doll is dressed in a patterned jacket, a sundress with circles and snakes, and a flowered apron. The painting is bright, the main 3-4 colors: yellow, red, blue, green. This nesting doll is a hard worker. She holds in her hands either a basket of berries, or a cockerel, or a sickle.

Polkhov is a Maidan matryoshka doll. And I, girlfriends, from Maidan, can I become a screen star. My outfit is decorated with flowers, With shining petals, And different berries, Ripe and red!

The Polkhov-Maidan nesting doll is distinguished by its bright, rich colors: crimson, dark green, yellow, purple. There's a big one ahead beautiful flower. the whole figure is painted with berries, leaves and flowers.

Semyonovsky nesting dolls I am from a quiet, green town from Emenov. I came to visit you, I brought a bouquet of garden flowers, pink and burgundy, as a gift.

Semenov's nesting dolls have bright bouquets painted on their aprons. The color of the sundress is red. On the head there is a scarf, which is decorated along the border.

Vyatka nesting dolls Our lips are like a bow, And our cheeks are like apples, All the people at the fair have known us for a long time. We, Vyatka nesting dolls, are cuter and more beautiful than everyone else, Painted, bright, Our sundresses!

The Vyatka nesting doll is the northernmost. It is not only painted with paints, but also decorated with straws. Flowers and patterns are cut out of straw. Then they are glued and varnished.

The beautiful nesting doll has become a symbol of Russia.

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