Where courage is shown in the captain's daughter.  The image of Grinev in The Captain's Daughter

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Pyotr Andreevich Grinev is the main character in Alexander Sergeevich Pushkin’s story “The Captain’s Daughter”.

While reading the book, a series of events pass before us that clearly characterize the personality of Pyotr Grinev, allowing us to see the formation and formation of his inner world, views and foundations.

Grinev’s character was influenced by his mother’s upbringing; he adopted her kindness, sensitivity and even some gentleness. Little Petrusha lived with his father on the estate, where he received the usual, for that time, home education. His training was carried out first by the stirrup Savelich, and then by the French teacher Beaupre. However, he acquired the concepts of justice, honor and devotion, for the most part, not from his teachers, but in the noisy company of his friends - the yard boys.

Peter developed a sense of reverence and respect for his parents. Therefore, when his father decided to send him to serve in Orenburg, and not in the long-desired Semenovsky regiment, Pyotr Grinev obediently carried out his will.

Thus, young Pyotr Andreevich found himself in the Belogorsk fortress, where, instead of the full splendor of St. Petersburg life, rural silence awaited him behind a log fence. But Grinev did not have to be upset for long. Unexpectedly for himself, he finds here a simple charm in communicating with the kind, simple people living in the fortress. It is in conversations with them that the best qualities of Pyotr Grinev are finally strengthened and formed.

A high feeling could not help but come to such a young and open person as Grinev. Pyotr Andreevich fell in love with Masha Mironova, the lovely daughter of the commandant of the fortress. The subsequent duel with Shvabrin, who insulted Masha, ends with Grinev being wounded and a ban on the lovers’ marriage from the hero’s father.

The lyrical events in the life of Pyotr Andreevich are interrupted by the uprising of Emelyan Pugachev. At this time, such qualities of Pyotr Grinev as honesty, straightforwardness and nobility, which previously seemed like an unnecessary burden, now help save the life of not only himself, but also Masha. Grinev’s courage and courage make an indelible impression on Pugachev, evoking sincere, genuine respect.

Everything that Grinev experienced made him increasingly think about the meaning of human life and allowed him to grow up. Throughout the story, we see the continuous development and growth of Pyotr Grinev. From a frivolous boy, Grinev imperceptibly grows into a self-affirming young man seeking the meaning of existence and, in the end, a brave, determined and mature man appears before us.

I think that the heightened sense of justice that the author put into the image of his hero seems so sincere only because nobility and defense of honor were very important for Pushkin himself. Just like his character, Alexander Sergeevich, subsequently defended his wife’s honor by challenging the offender to a duel. Therefore, Grinev’s straightforwardness and inner dignity do not seem to be a literary exaggeration. This is the quality of a real, adult person.

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Pyotr Andreevich Grinev is the main character of Alexander Sergeevich Pushkin’s story “The Captain’s Daughter”.

Peter lived on his father's estate and received a normal home upbringing. He was raised first by the stirrup Savelich, and then by the Frenchman Beaupré, and in his free time Peter spent with the yard boys.

Peter revered his parents and respected their wishes. When his father decided to send him to serve in Orenburg, Peter did not dare to disobey, although he really wanted to serve in St. Petersburg. Before the journey, his father ordered Peter to serve faithfully and remember the proverb: “Take care of your dress again, but take care of your honor from a young age.” Grinev remembered his father’s words well and served the empress faithfully.

Pyotr Grinev is very noble and honest. Having lost one hundred rubles to Zurin, he forces Savelich to repay the debt, considering it a debt of honor. And when Shvabrin insulted Masha, Peter without hesitation challenged him to a duel.

Grinev showed himself to be a brave, courageous and courageous person. When talking with Emelyan Pugachev, he did not lie to him, but directly said that he would not go over to his side, and if ordered, he would fight against Emelyan’s gang. Peter was not afraid to go save Masha from Shvabrin, although he knew that he could be caught and killed. He risked his life making his way into the fortress and showed courage and ingenuity.

Grinev’s kindness and generosity were very useful to him, because Pugachev remembered the gift and that’s the only reason he pardoned him.

In the story, Pyotr Grinev is shown in development: first as a frivolous boy, then as a self-affirming youth, and finally as an adult and determined man.

Source: sdamna5.ru

Pyotr Grinev is the main character of the story. He is 17 years old and a Russian nobleman who has just entered military service. One of Grinev’s main qualities is sincerity. He is sincere with the characters of the novel and with the readers. When he told about his life, he did not try to embellish it. On the eve of the duel with Shvabrin, he is excited and does not hide it: “I admit, I did not have that composure that those in my position almost always boast of.” He also speaks directly and simply about his state before the conversation with Pugachev on the day of his capture of the Belogorsk fortress: “The reader can easily imagine that I was not completely cold-blooded.” Grinev does not hide his negative actions (an incident in a tavern, during a snowstorm, in a conversation with the Orenburg general). Gross mistakes are atoned for by his repentance (the case of Savelch).
Grinev's Duma had not yet become hardened by military service; he retained some of them until the end of his life. He shuddered at the sight of a mutilated Bashkir captured while distributing Pugachev’s leaflets. The singing of the Pugachevites makes a strong impression on him: “It is impossible to tell what effect this simple song about the gallows, sung by people doomed to the gallows, had on me. Their menacing faces, slender voices, the sad expression they gave to words that were already expressive - everything shocked me with some kind of poetic horror.”
Grinev was not a coward. He accepts the challenge to a duel without hesitation. He is one of the few who comes to the defense of the Belogorsk fortress when, despite the commandant’s command, “the timid garrison does not budge.” He returns for Savelich, who has lagged behind.
These actions also characterize Grinev as a person capable of love. Grinev is not vindictive, he sincerely puts up with Shvabrin. He is not characterized by gloating. Leaving the Belogorsk fortress, with Masha freed by order of Pugachev, he sees Shvabrin and turns away, not wanting to “triumph over the humiliated enemy.”
A distinctive feature of Grinev is the habit of paying good for good with the ability to be grateful. He gives Pugachev his sheepskin coat and thanks him for saving Masha.

Source: litra.ru

Pyotr Grinev is the main character in A. S. Pushkin’s story “The Captain’s Daughter.” The reader goes through the entire life path of the main character, the formation of his personality, his attitude to the ongoing events in which he is a participant is revealed.

The kindness of his mother and the simplicity of life of the Grinev family developed gentleness and even sensitivity in Petrusha. He is eager to go to the Semenovsky regiment, where he was assigned from birth, but his dreams of life in St. Petersburg are not destined to come true - the father decides to send his son to Orenburg.

And here is Grinev in the Belogorsk fortress. Instead of formidable, impregnable bastions there is a village surrounded by a log fence, with thatched huts. Instead of a stern, angry boss, there is a commandant who went out for training in a cap and robe. Instead of a brave army, there are elderly disabled people. Instead of a deadly weapon, there is an old cannon, clogged with garbage. Life in the Belogorsk fortress reveals to the young man the beauty of the life of simple, kind people, and gives rise to the joy of communicating with them. “There was no other society in the fortress; but I didn’t want anything else,” recalls Grinev, the author of the notes. It is not military service, not shows and parades that attract the young officer, but conversations with nice, simple people, literary studies, and love experiences. It is here, in the “God-saved fortress”, in the atmosphere of patriarchal life, that the best inclinations of Pyotr Grinev are strengthened. The young man fell in love with the daughter of the commandant of the fortress, Masha Mironova. Faith in her feelings, sincerity and honesty became the reason for the duel between Grinev and Shvabrin: Shvabrin dared to laugh at the feelings of Masha and Peter. The duel ended unsuccessfully for the main character. During her recovery, Masha looked after Peter and this served to bring the two young people closer together. However, their desire to get married was opposed by Grinev’s father, who was angry about his son’s duel and did not give his blessing to the marriage.

The quiet and measured life of the inhabitants of the distant fortress was interrupted by Pugachev’s uprising. Participation in hostilities shook up Pyotr Grinev and made him think about the meaning of human existence. The son of a retired major turned out to be an honest, decent, noble man; he was not afraid of the menacing appearance of the leader of a “gang of bandits and rebels”; he dared to stand up for his beloved girl, who one day became an orphan. Hatred and disgust for cruelty and inhumanity, Grinev’s humanity and kindness allowed him not only to save his life and the life of Masha Mironova, but also to earn the respect of Emelyan Pugachev - the leader of the uprising, rebel, enemy.

Honesty, straightforwardness, loyalty to the oath, a sense of duty - these are the character traits that Pyotr Grinev acquired while serving in the Belogorsk fortress.

Source: otvet.mail.ru

The story “The Captain's Daughter” is a unique and interesting work by A. S. Pushkin, in which the author describes pure and sincere love that suddenly flared up and warmed hearts throughout the entire story.

Pyotr Grinev is the main character of the work. This is an honest, noble and kind man who was raised by his father.

Andrey Petrovich Grinev is a former military man with an open heart and sincere soul. He does not want to be dependent on others and “beg” for rank. That is why his service ended quickly. He devoted himself entirely to raising his son and raised a noble man

The adult Petya dreamed of a bright and interesting service in St. Petersburg, but his strict father chose a worthy place for him and sent him to serve near Orenburg. At parting, Andrei Petrovich said: “Take care of your dress again, but take care of your honor from a young age.” Peter carried these cherished words throughout his life.

In Orenburg, young Grinev met his true love - a modest and shy girl Masha Mironova. The main character of the story lived in the family of the commandant, a brave and correct man, a loyal subject of Empress Catherine II.

The character of his father and the nobility of a nobleman appear more and more in Pyotr Andreevich with age. I was especially impressed by the duel between Grinev and Shvabrin, an evil and vile peer of Peter. Shvabrin publicly insulted Masha, and Grinev defended the girl’s honor. As a result, Peter was wounded, and Shvabrin emerged victorious, but what a winner! This poor coward struck from behind.

In the story “The Captain's Daughter,” the image of Pyotr Grinev is one of the most vivid and memorable. This guy is not distinguished by his resourceful mind and heroic strength, but he is open, sincere and naive. It is these qualities that arouse special sympathy among readers. He is not a hypocrite and does not pretend, even when on the verge of death. This is how strength of character and true nobility are expressed.

Source: sochinenienatemu.com

The narration in “The Captain's Daughter” by Pyotr Andreevich Grinev, who talks about his youth, plunged into the cycle of historical events. Grinev appears in the novel, therefore, both as a narrator and as one of the main characters of the events described.

Pyotr Andreevich Grinev is a typical representative of the provincial Russian nobility of the second half of the 18th century. He was born and raised on the estate of his father, a landowner in the Simbirsk province. His childhood passed as it did for most poor provincial nobles of that time. From the age of five he was given into the hands of the serf Savelich. Having mastered the diploma under the guidance of his uncle in his twelfth year, Grinev comes under the supervision of Monsieur Beaupre, a French tutor, discharged from Moscow “along with a year’s supply of wine and Provençal oil” and who turned out to be a bitter drunkard.

Describing his student years with good-natured humor, Grinev says: “I lived as a teenager, chasing pigeons and playing leapfrog with the yard boys.” It would be a mistake, however, to think that we are looking at an undergrowth like Mitrofanushka from Fonvizin’s comedy. Grinev grew up as an intelligent and inquisitive teenager and subsequently, having entered the service, writes poetry, reads French books and even tries his hand at translations.

The healthy environment of family life, simple and modest, had a decisive influence on Grinev’s spiritual make-up. Grinev's father, a retired prime minister who had gone through a harsh school of life, was a man of strong and honest views. Seeing off his son to the army, he gives the following instructions: “Serve faithfully to whom you swear allegiance; do not ask for service, do not refuse service; Don’t chase your boss’s affection; take care of your dress again, and take care of your honor from a young age.” Grinev inherited a sense of honor and a sense of duty from his father.
The first steps in life of young Grinev reveal his youthful frivolity and inexperience. But the young man proved with his life that he had internalized the basic rule of his father’s morality: “take care of your honor from a young age.” Over the course of two years, Grinev experiences many events: meeting Pugachev, love for Marya Ivanovna, a duel with Shvabrin, illness; he almost dies during the capture of the fortress by Pugachev’s troops, etc. Before our eyes, the character of the young man develops and strengthens, and Grinev turns into a mature young man. A sense of honor and courage save him in life’s adversities. With intrepid courage, he looks into the eyes of death when Pugachev orders him to be hanged. All the positive aspects of his character are revealed: simplicity and uncorrupted nature, kindness, honesty, loyalty in love, etc. These properties of nature captivate Marya Ivanovna and evoke sympathy from Pugachev. Grinev emerges from life's trials with honor.

Grinev is not a hero in the usual sense of the word. This is an ordinary person, an average nobleman. This is a typical representative of those army officers who, in the words of historian V.O. Klyuchevsky, “made our military history of the 18th century.” Pushkin does not idealize him, does not put him in beautiful poses. Grinev remains a modest ordinary person, retaining all the features of a realistic image.

Source: biblioman.org

Initially, Pushkin wanted to write a novel dedicated only to the Pugachev movement, but censorship would hardly have let it through. Therefore, the main plot line of the story becomes the service of a young nobleman for the benefit of the fatherland and his love for the daughter of the captain of the Belogorod fortress. At the same time, another topic of Pugachevism that interested the author is given. To the second topic, undoubtedly, Pushkin devotes significantly fewer pages, but enough to reveal the essence of the peasant revolt and introduce the reader to the leader of the peasants, Emelyan Pugachev. To make his image more reliable, the author needed a hero who personally knew Pugachev and would subsequently speak out about what he saw. Such a hero became Pyotr Grinev, a nobleman, an honest, noble young man. A nobleman was needed, and precisely a noble one, so that what he told would look believable and they would believe him.

The childhood of Petrusha Grinev was no different from the childhood of other children of local nobles. Through the lips of the hero himself, Pushkin speaks with irony about the customs of the old local nobility: “Mother was still pregnant with me, as I was already enrolled in the Semyonovsky regiment as a sergeant... If, more than any hope, mother gave birth to a daughter, then the priest would have announced where it should be about the death of the sergeant who did not appear, and That would be the end of the matter.”

The author also makes irony about Pyotr Grinev’s studies: at the age of five, Savelich, a servant who was given such trust “for his sober behavior,” was assigned to the boy as an uncle. Thanks to Savelich, Petrusha had mastered reading and writing by the age of twelve and “could very sensibly judge the properties of a greyhound dog.” The next step in his education was the Frenchman Monsieur Beaupré, who was discharged from Moscow “along with a year’s supply of wine and Provençal oil,” and who was supposed to teach the boy “all sciences.” However, due to the fact that the Frenchman was very fond of wine and the fair sex, Petrusha was left to his own devices. When his son reaches the age of seventeen, his father, filled with a sense of duty, sends Peter to serve for the good of his homeland.

Descriptions of the independent life of Pyotr Grinev are already devoid of irony. Left to his own devices and to the simple Russian peasant Savelich, the young man turned into a noble nobleman. Having lost at cards due to inexperience, Peter never succumbed to Savelich’s persuasion to fall at the feet of the winner with a request to forgive the debt. He is guided by honor: if you lose, give it back. The young man understands that he must be responsible for his actions.

The meeting with the “counselor” reveals in Pyotr Grinev such a purely Russian quality as generosity. Finding themselves in the steppe during a snowstorm, Grinev and Savelich accidentally stumbled upon a man who knew the way. Then, already at the inn, Pyotr Grinev really wanted to thank this stranger. And he offered him his hare sheepskin coat, which, according to Savelich, cost a lot of money. At first glance, Grinev’s act is a manifestation of youthful carelessness, but in fact it is a manifestation of the nobility of the soul, compassion for man.

Arriving for service at the Belogorodskaya fortress, Pyotr Grinev fell in love with the daughter of the fortress captain, Masha Mironova. Nobility and honor do not allow him to ignore the slander directed at his beloved by another nobleman, Alexei Shvabrin. The result of this was a duel that could have cost Peter Grinev his life.

It is not for nothing that the author introduces into the story the smart, well-read and at the same time vile and dishonest Shvabrin, and also a nobleman. Comparing two young officers, Pushkin argues that high morality is not the lot of people of a separate class, and even more so it has nothing to do with education: nobles can be scoundrels, and nobility can be a distinctive feature of a common person, Pugachev, for example.

The possibility of execution did not force Pushkin’s hero to change his moral ideals. He does not go into the enemy camp to save his life, he learned too well

words spoken as parting words by the father: “Take care of your dress again, and take care of your honor from a young age.” Honest Grinev and in a conversation with Pugachev: “I am a natural nobleman; I swore allegiance to the Empress: I cannot serve you.” Moreover, to Pugachev’s question whether Grinev could promise not to go against him if ordered, the young man answered with the same sincerity and directness: “How can I promise you this... You yourself know, it’s not my will: if they tell me to go against you, I will go.” , nothing to do. You are now the boss yourself; you yourself demand obedience from your own. What will it be like if I refuse to serve when my service is needed?

Grinev's sincerity struck Pugachev. Imbued with respect for the young man, he lets him go. Pugachev’s conversation with Grinev is very important. On the one hand, he shows the nobility of a nobleman, on the other, the same quality of his opponent: only an equal can appreciate another person.

All the same nobility, as well as love and tender affection, do not allow Grinev to name Masha Mironova’s name at the trial, but this could explain a lot in the story with Pugachev and save him from imprisonment.

The events in the story are narrated from the perspective of Grinev, who many years later talks about two years of his life, about his meeting with Pugachev. The narrator strives to tell everything without exaggeration, objectively. Pugachev does not look like a real beast in his eyes. And we believe him, we cannot help but believe: we know this man too well - noble, honest, just. And we think: who is this Pugachev really and what is this - Pugachevism?

Can be done in an excellent way

Raise the human being within you.

V. G. Belinsky

In any literary work, one way or another, in one form or another, eternal questions are posed - what is considered the norm of morality? Where is the line separating morality from immorality? Are they different at all? And in almost any work, as a rule, we are talking about moral ideals.

I believe that honor ranks first among moral symbols. You can survive the collapse of the economy, even endure parting with your dearest people and with your homeland, but not a single people on earth will ever come to terms with the decay of morality. Human society has always treated dishonest people with contempt.

The loss of honor is a decline in moral principles, followed by inevitable punishment: entire states disappear from the map of the earth, peoples disappear into the black hole of history, and individuals die.

Russian writers have always addressed the problem of honor in their works. Today, in our difficult times, it sounds especially poignant.

The concept of honor is brought up in a person from childhood. The example of A. S. Pushkin’s story “The Captain’s Daughter” clearly shows how this happens in life and what results it leads to. The main character of the story, Pyotr Andreevich Grinev, was brought up in an environment of high morality from childhood. On the first pages of the story, Pushkin, through the mouth of Savelich, introduces readers to the moral principles of the Grinev family: “It seems that neither the father nor the grandfather were drunkards; there’s nothing to say about mother...” With these words the old servant brings up his ward Pyotr Grinev, who got drunk for the first time and behaved unsightly. And before leaving for service, Grinev receives a behest from his father: “Take care of your dress again, and take care of your honor from a young age.” This folk proverb is also an epigraph to the work. The entire subsequent history of Grinev represents the fulfillment, despite all the difficulties and mistakes, of this paternal covenant. But honor is a broadly understood term. If for Grinev the father, honor is, first of all, the honor of a nobleman and an officer, then Grinev the son, without abandoning this understanding, was able to expand the concept of honor to its human and civil meaning.

He seemed to combine the kind, loving heart of his mother with honesty, directness, courage - qualities that are inherent in his father.

The first time Grinev acted honorably, returning the gambling debt, although in that situation Savelich tried to persuade him to evade payment. But nobility prevailed.

A man of honor, in my opinion, is always kind and selfless in his interactions with others. These qualities were manifested in a generous gift to a “little man” unknown to him, who showed the way during a snowstorm and who later played a decisive role in his entire future fate. And how, risking everything, he rushed to the rescue of the captured Savelich.

Tests awaited Grinev in the fortress where he served. By his behavior here, Pyotr Andreevich proved his loyalty to his father’s behests, and did not betray what he considered his duty and his honor. Shvabrin interferes with Grinev’s love for Masha Mironova and weaves intrigues. In the end it comes down to a duel. The complete opposite of the honest and straightforward Grinev is his rival Alexey Ivanovich Shvabrin. He is a selfish and ungrateful person. For the sake of his personal goals, Shvabrin is ready to commit any dishonorable act. He slanderes Masha Mironova and casts a shadow on her mother. He inflicts a treacherous blow on Grinev in a duel and, in addition, writes a false denunciation of him to Grinev’s father. Shvabrin goes over to Pugachev’s side not out of ideological convictions: he expects to save his life, hopes to make a career with him if Pugachev succeeds, and most importantly, he wants, having dealt with his rival, to forcefully marry a girl who does not love him.

Honesty and decency occupy a special place in the characteristics of the heroes. It’s amazing how honest Masha and Grinev are with each other. Between them it is natural to understand, save, and feel sorry for each other. Mutual devotion helps them overcome life's difficulties and find happiness.

During the riot, the moral qualities of some heroes and the baseness of others were especially clearly demonstrated. For example, Captain Mironov and his wife chose to die rather than surrender to the mercy of the rebels. Grinev did the same, not wanting to swear allegiance to Pugachev, but was pardoned. It seems to me that the author made it clear to the reader that Pugachev showed generosity towards the young officer not only out of a feeling of gratitude for the old favor. He equally, it seemed to me, appreciated Grinev as a man of honor. The leader of the uprising himself was not alien to the concepts of honor. In addition, thanks to him, Grinev and Masha found each other forever.

Shvabrin, too, turned out to be powerless in implementing his selfish plans, since Pugachev not only did not support him, but also clearly made it clear that he was dishonest and therefore not a competitor to Grinev.

The ending of the story is also interesting: Grinev is arrested following a denunciation for his connection with the rebel chieftain. He faces the death penalty, but Grinev decides, for reasons of honor, not to name his beloved. If he had told the whole truth about Masha, he would probably have been acquitted. And at the very last moment, justice triumphed: Masha asks the lady, who turns out to be the empress, to pardon Grinev. And the fate of Masha’s beloved was decided for the better.

Grinev remained a man of honor to the end. He was present at the execution of Pugachev, to whom he owed his happiness. Pugachev recognized him and nodded his head from the scaffold.

Unfortunately, now there are very few people like Pyotr Grinev, honest, kind and selfless. Modern society has almost lost these qualities. And I really want the proverb “take care of your honor from a young age” to have the meaning of a life talisman for everyone, helping to overcome harsh life obstacles.

The main character of the novel A.S. Pushkin's "Captain's Daughter" - military man Pyotr Andreevich Grinev or simply Petrusha.
At first glance, this is the image of a simple man liable for military service, who came on assignment to the Belogorsk fortress to serve in turbulent times for Russia in the 18th century.
In the novel, father and son Grinev are partly compared. It seems that Andrei Grinev is a man of the old military school, he has his own worldview. His son Peter is still too young, he is just starting his career path and has no life experience. However, the author chooses as his main character a young person who has not yet been in difficult situations. It is no coincidence that, as a preface to the work, Pushkin cited the words of the famous saying: “Take care of your honor from a young age.” That is, the reader immediately understands that the hero of the story is a young, extraordinary and honest person.
Like any young man of sixteen, Petrusha Grinev at first seems extremely cheerful and carefree. His noble upbringing affects him - he is a little reminiscent of the Fonvizin runt Mitrofanushka. He shows these inclinations, for example, in the episode of his meeting with officer Zurin in Simbirsk. Or another example of the manifestation of Barchuk’s gullibility and simplicity - in the chapter “Counselor”, when he easily and cheerfully decides to give a hare sheepskin coat to the first person he meets, despite the grumbling of his valet. However, this episode can also characterize the young man as a kind and merciful person. These qualities of Peter's character in the further narration will play almost a decisive role in the formation of his image and in the development of the entire action.
The fact that Grinev is very kind and reasonable is confirmed by his trusting relationship with his servant Savelich. He realizes the devotion of the serf peasant, understands that he is wrong when he shouts at him. And, contrary to the lordly habit of relationships between master and servant, he asks Savelich for forgiveness.
In addition, Petrusha sacredly honors family traditions, honors his parents - he treated his father’s parting words with reverence. And in return, he sincerely wishes to serve honestly and well for the good of the Fatherland.
The image of Grinev is gradually revealed as the action of the novel develops. Having barely met Pugachev, he was the first to show his mercy in the above-mentioned episode with the hare sheepskin coat. Here, for the first time, he essentially shows independence in his judgments - he insists on his own when Savelich is distrustful of the first person he meets. The fact is that, due to his spiritual simplicity, he treats well almost all people who do good to him.
The breadth of Grinev’s open soul is especially pronounced when he meets Masha Mironova, the captain’s daughter. For her, he is ready to fight with the worst enemies, to save her from the clutches of wild animals and robbers. He does not give up his love even when the captain of the fortress does not give an unambiguous answer to the ardor of the young man’s feelings towards his daughter. In a word, having fallen in love, he behaves like a knight and a real man.
When Pushkin describes the events of the siege of the Belogorsk fortress, he emphasizes that his hero shows all the qualities that his father raised in him - fearlessness, loyalty to honor and military duty. Thus, the young man fulfills his father’s behests and his promise to preserve his honor from a young age.
Thus, resembling a short-lived hulk at the beginning of the novel, and at the climax of the action turning into a fair and honest young man, Peter becomes an exemplary highly moral hero of a realistic novel.
Thus, Pushkin puts forward the idea that the seemingly exaggeratedly ideal images of Peter, Masha, the commandant of the fortress, in fact are such; there were quite a lot of people like them in Russian history.
However, Petr Grinev cannot be ideal for everyone. According to the code of loyalty to his noble family, he cannot support the Pugachev uprising, although he was sympathetic to its ideologist, Emelyan Pugachev. He accepts that changes are necessary in the life of the country, but due to circumstances he acts as his military oath dictates.
The clear division of the heroes into positive and negative in the story is also a characteristic Pushkin feature: this is how their comparative characteristics are left. When one character sets off another, it is easier to understand the meaning of the author’s idea and get a real idea of ​​the era being described.
The novel's historicism is another feature that distinguishes it from similar works of that time. It is no coincidence that Pushkin actively studied historical documents in the archives. Their materials are the basis of the work. The author presented to the reader one of the episodes in Russian history in artistic form.

The novel “The Captain's Daughter” (you should not read it in abbreviation if you want to feel the feelings of the characters) will tell the reader about the events described in the memoirs of the nobleman P. A. Grinev, a man fifty years old. The work tells the story of the uprising caused by the rebel Pugachev, in which Pyotr Andreevich, being a seventeen-year-old officer, unwittingly took part.

In an ironic form, A. S. Pushkin presents Grinev’s childhood memories to the reader. “The Captain's Daughter” tells the story of a young nobleman who chased pigeons and played leapfrog with local boys. Grinev recalls that when he was still in his mother’s womb, he was already registered as a sergeant. Savelich looked after Petrusha as a child, who was granted the status of the boy’s uncle for his sober lifestyle.

The novel (the article provides a brief retelling) “The Captain's Daughter” tells the story that when Grinev was seventeen years old, his father decided to send his son to serve, but not in St. Petersburg, but in the regular army in Orenburg. Young Peter's dreams of a cheerful and brilliant life in the capital city are crumbling, replaced by the expectation of boredom in a distant and remote side.

When Grinev and Savelich approach Orenburg, a snowstorm overtakes them. The wagon wanders in a snowstorm, having lost its way. A. S. Pushkin continues his novel with the miraculous salvation of the characters. “The Captain's Daughter” tells the story of a man the travelers meet by chance, who leads them to the village. The guide is dressed very lightly, and Grinev presents him with his sheepskin coat and wine as a token of gratitude for his salvation.

From Orenburg Peter was sent to serve in the Belgorod fortress, which turns out to be a simple village. It has neither a brave garrison nor formidable artillery, but only disabled people and an old cannon.

Next, the novel “The Captain's Daughter” introduces the reader to the commandant of the fortress, Ivan Kuzmich Mironov, his wife Vasilisa Egorovna and their daughter Masha. Grinev gradually becomes “native” to them and becomes attached to a kind and honest family.

Lieutenant Shvabrin becomes close to Peter due to his education, age and occupation. But soon a conflict occurs between them, based on a common sympathy for Masha Mironova, which ends in a duel. Reading the abridged novel “The Captain's Daughter”, we learn about Grinev’s injury in this battle. Masha takes care of him, and the young people confess their sympathy for each other.

Did A.S. Pushkin allow lovers to be together? The captain's daughter is without a dowry, and Grinev's father forbids them to marry. Peter becomes despondent and retires. A good emotional shock for him is the unexpected attack on the fortress of the rebels led by the rebel Pugachev Emelyan.

The fortress has fallen, the prisoners are being taken to swear an oath to the leader of the gang, Grinev is among them. The commandant and his wife are killed, Peter Pugachev pardoned. It turns out that the rebel is the tramp to whom Grinev granted the sheepskin coat.

The gang chieftain talks with Peter and, amazed by his sincerity, releases the officer. Grinev rushes to Orenburg to ask for help, since Masha remains in the fortress. What frightens Peter most of all is that his enemy Shvabrin has been appointed commandant. He wastes no time forcing the girl to marry him.

Grinev is refused help, and he follows to the fortress himself. Returning to the rebels, Peter meets with Pugachev and explains the reason for his trip. The rebel decides to punish Shvabrin and rescue Masha.

What ending did A.S. Pushkin prepare for the reader? The captain's daughter is released and goes to Grinev's parents as his bride. The groom himself, remaining in the army, fights with the rebels. Shvabrin accuses him of being a spy. Peter is arrested, he faces exile to eternal settlement in Siberia.

Masha saves her lover from shame by asking the queen herself for mercy for Grinev. The Empress listened to the girl and pardoned Peter.

Cowardice is nothing more than human weakness, which manifests itself in a person’s inability to overcome his fear of danger, in the lack of determination, which is so necessary for making important decisions. This quality is characteristic of each of us, but it manifests itself in each of us in its own way. After all, cowardice, first of all, stems from such an inherent quality in all of us as self-love. A person cannot help but experience fear, but he can overcome it, control it - this is called courage. It, in turn, manifests itself in a person’s courage and fortitude, in the ability to take responsibility and make difficult decisions in different life situations.

Russian fiction presents many heroes who possess these qualities. A striking example of this is the work of A.S. Pushkin "The Captain's Daughter".

The main character of the work, Pyotr Grinev, is an honest, straightforward and sincere person, for whom honor and loyalty are above all else. He has many noble and truly brave, selfless deeds to his name, which characterize him as a courageous and strong-willed person. So he considered it his duty to intercede for his beloved Maria Ivanovna and accepted the challenge to a duel from Shvabrin. Defending the honor of his beloved girl, he was not afraid to risk his own life. Shvabrin acted basely: he wounded Grinev when he turned away. Shvabrin's fear and cowardice forced him to strike on the sly, in the enemy's back, when he posed no threat. But an even greater sense of fear took possession of him when Pugachev captured the Belgorod fortress. Shvabrin, fearing for his own life, goes over to Pugachev’s side. The hero's cowardice and cowardice pushed him to such a low and dishonorable act as betrayal. Pyotr Grinev acted completely differently. He preferred death to the slightest deviation from the dictates of duty and honor, refused the oath to Pugachev and was ready to bravely accept his death. After such a brave act of the hero, there is no doubt that Pyotr Grinev is a brave and courageous man who is not afraid to face danger. Another confirmation of this is leaving Orenburg. Exposing himself to great danger, he leaves the fortified city and goes to save his beloved girl. Such a low and cowardly person as Shvabrin would never have decided to take such a brave and selfless act.

Summarizing the above, we can come to the conclusion that it is courage that frees a person from the oppressive feeling of fear and fills his soul with courage and courage, giving strength for the most rejected actions. Cowardice destroys all fortitude in a person and can push him to the most vile and base acts.

Updated: 2017-12-08

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