The tragic love of the heroes Master and Margarita. Development of the love plot in the novel M
From that very night, Margarita did not see for a long time the one for whom she wanted to leave her husband, abandoning everything; the one for whom she was not afraid to destroy her own life. But neither in her nor in him did that disappear big the feeling that arose at the first chance meeting. The master, being in a clinic for the mentally ill, did not want to tell Margarita about himself, fearing to hurt her and ruin her life. She was desperately trying to find him. Their lives were destroyed by the same unnatural order, which not only did not allow art to develop, but also did not allow people to live in peace, rudely penetrating even where there was no place for politics. It was not by chance that Bulgakov chose a similar plot for the novel.
He himself experienced a lot in life. He was familiar with mediocre, insulting reviews from critics in newspapers, where his name was undeservedly denounced; he himself could not find a job or realize his potential.
But Bulgakov did not end his novel with the separation of the Master and Margarita. In its second part, love finds a way out of the dirt of the surrounding reality. But the way out the same one was fantastic, since the real one was hardly possible. Without regret and without fear, Margarita agrees to be the queen at Satan's ball. On the same one She took the step only for the sake of the Master, about whom she never stopped thinking and about whose fate she could find out only by fulfilling Woland’s conditions. Being a witch, Margarita took revenge on the critic Latunsky, who did a lot to destroy the Master. And it was not only Latunsky who received what he deserved during the development of the novel’s plot. For her service, Margarita received what she had dreamed of for so long. The main characters were together. But it is unlikely that they would have been able to live peacefully in the atmosphere of reality at that time. Obviously, therefore, according to the writer’s fantastic plan, they leave the same one peace, finding peace in another.
The master could not win. By making him a winner, Bulgakov would have violated the laws of artistic truth, betraying his sense of realism. But the final pages of the book do not reek of pessimism. Let us not forget those views that were pleasing to the government. In addition, among the Master's critics and writers there were envious people who tried by all means to prevent the recognition of the new author. These people, for whom it was most important to receive material benefits from their position in society, did not strive and could not create anything that stood at the high artistic level that the Master achieved in his novel. Their articles came out one after another, each time becoming more offensive. A writer who has lost hope and assigned task in his further literary activity, he gradually began to feel more and more depressed, which affected his mental state. Driven to despair, the Master destroyed his work, which was the main work of his life. All this deeply shocked Margarita, who admired the Master’s work and believed in his enormous talent.
The situation that knocked the Master out of his normal state was noticeable everywhere, in various areas of life. Suffice it to recall the barman “with second-fresh fish” and tens of gold in his hiding places; Nikanor Ivanovich, chairman of the housing association, who settled for large finance evil spirits in a house on Sadovaya Street; the Bengali entertainer, limited, narrow-minded and pompous; Arkady Apollonovich, chairman of the acoustic commission of Moscow theaters, who often secretly spent time with a pretty actress in secret from his wife; customs existing among the population of the city. These morals dazzling appeared at a performance organized by Woland, when residents greedily grabbed the flying from under the dome finance, and women went down to the stage to buy fashionable rags, which could be obtained for free from the hands of foreign magicians. The Master came very close to these morals when he made a friend, Aloysius Mogarych. This man, whom the Master trusted and whose intelligence he admired, wrote a denunciation against the Master in order to move into his apartment. This denunciation was enough to ruin a man’s life. At night some people came to the Master and took him away. Such cases were not uncommon at that time.
Mikhail Afanasyevich Bulgakov repeatedly addressed the topic - the artist and society, which found its deepest embodiment in the writer's main book. The novel "The Master and Margarita", on which the author worked for twelve years, remained in his archive and was first published in 1966-1967 in the magazine "Moscow".
This book is characterized by a happy freedom of creativity and, at the same time, rigor of compositional and architectural design. The great ball of Satan rules there, and the inspired Master, a contemporary of Bulgakov, describes your immortal novel. There, the procurator of Judea sends Christ to execution, and next to him, completely earthly citizens inhabiting Sadovye and Bronnaya streets of the 20-30s of our century fuss, behave inappropriately, adapt, and betray. Laughter and sadness, joy and pain are mixed together there, as in life, but in that high degree of concentration that is only accessible to a fairy tale or poem. “The Master and Margarita” is a lyrical and philosophical poem in prose about love and moral duty, about the inhumanity of evil, about true creativity, which is always an overcoming of inhumanity, always an impulse towards light and goodness.
The main characters of the novel - the Master and Margarita - live in an atmosphere of some kind of emptiness and grayness, from which both are looking for a way out. This outlet for the Master was creativity, and then for both of them it became love. This big the feeling filled their lives with new meaning, created around the Master and Margarita only their small world, in which they found peace and happiness. However, their happiness was short-lived. It lasted only as long as the Master wrote his novel in a small basement, where Margarita came to him. The Master's first attempt to publish the completed novel brought him great disappointment. Even greater disappointment awaited him after some editor published a large excerpt of the work. The novel about Pontius Pilate, which had moral and artistic value, was doomed to condemnation. He could not fit into that literary environment, where above all else it was not the writer’s talent, but his political views; on earth the Master had a disciple left, Ivan Ponyrev, the former Homeless; The Master still has a novel on earth that is destined to live a long life. Bulgakov’s novel gives rise to a feeling of the triumph of justice and the belief that there will always be people who stand above baseness, vulgarity and immorality, people who bring goodness and truth to our world. Such people place love above all else, which has enormous and beautiful power.
The tragic love of the Master and Margarita in conflict with the surrounding vulgarity (based on the novel by M. Bulgakov “The Master and Margarita”)
Bulgakov wrote the brilliant novel “The Master and Margarita”. This novel has been edited several times. The novel is divided into two parts: the biblical story and the love of the Master and Margarita. Bulgakov affirms the priority of simple human feelings over any social relationships in the novel itself. Mikhail Afanasyevich plays out in this work some of the main motives of his entire work.
The main characters of the novel The Master and Margarita are married people, but their family life was not very happy. Maybe that's why the heroes are looking for what they lack so much. Margarita in the novel has become a beautiful, generalized and poetic image of a Woman who Loves. Without this image, the novel would lose its appeal. This image rises above the layer of satirical everyday life of the novel, the embodiment of living, hot love. A fantastic image of a woman who so inspiredly turns into a witch, with the fury of her reprisal against the enemy of Master Latunsky, with her tender readiness for motherhood. A woman who has nothing to say to the devil: “Dear, dear Azazello!”, because he planted hope in her heart that she will see her lover.
In the novel, with the brightness of her natural love, she is contrasted with the Master. She herself compares fierce love with Matvey’s fierce devotion. Margarita's love, like life, is comprehensive and, like life, alive. Margarita is contrasted with the warrior and commander Pilate with her fearlessness. And with his defenseless and powerful humanity - to the omnipotent Woland.
The master is in many ways similar to Goethe's Faust and the author himself. He was first a historian, and then suddenly felt his calling as a writer. The master is indifferent to the joys of family life, he does not even remember his wife’s name, and does not strive to have children. When the Master was still married, he spent all his free time in the museum where he worked. He was lonely, and he liked it, but when he met Margarita, he realized that he had found a kindred spirit. There was a major mistake in the Master’s fate that is worth thinking about. He is deprived of light, true knowledge, the Master only guesses. This mistake is in refusing to complete the difficult task of writing, from the daily struggle for the light of knowledge, for truth and love, for your novel and the story of the courage of Margarita, who saved the desperate, exhausted Master. In real life, the Master is a man of rare talent, virginal honesty and spiritual purity. The Master's love for Margarita is in many ways unearthly, eternal love. It is in no way aimed at creating a family. In general, it should be noted that in the novel none of the characters are connected by other kinship or family ties. One might say that the image of the Master is a symbol of suffering, humanity, a seeker of truth in a vulgar world. The master wanted to write a novel about Pontius Pilate, but this work was not accepted by critics. He sold his soul to Woland to write his novel. Mental suffering broke the Master, and he never saw his work. The Master can find romance again and unite with his beloved only in the last refuge provided by Woland.
Why did love break out between these heroes? There must have been some incomprehensible light burning in the eyes of the Master, as well as in the eyes of Margarita, otherwise there is no way to explain the love that “jumped out” in front of them and struck both of them at once. One could have expected that since such love broke out, it would be passionate, stormy, burning both hearts to the ground. Neither the joyless dark days, when the Master's novel was crushed by critics and the lovers' lives stopped, nor the Master's serious illness, nor his sudden disappearance for many months, extinguished it. This love turned out to have a peaceful, domestic character. Margarita could not part with the Master for a minute, even when he was not there and, one had to think, would never be there again. She could only mentally beg him to release her. A truly witch awakens in Margarita with the hope of seeing the Master again or at least hearing something about him, even at some incredible cost: “Oh, really, I would pledge my soul to the devil just to find out whether he is alive or not !” - she thinks. Having finally broken up with her husband, with whom she was connected only by a feeling of gratitude for all the good done for her, on the eve of her meeting with the Master, for the first time she experiences a feeling of complete freedom. The story of the Master and Margarita is the most important in the novel. When she is born, she, like a transparent stream, crosses the entire space of the novel from edge to edge, breaking through the rubble and abysses on her way and leaving for the other world, into eternity. Margarita and the Master became victims of temptation, so they did not deserve the light. Yeshua and Woland rewarded them with eternal peace. They wanted to be free and happy, but in a world where everything was consumed by evil, this was impossible. In a world where the role and action of a person are determined by his social position, goodness, love, and creativity still exist, but they have to hide in the other world, seek protection from the devil himself - Woland. M.A. Bulgakov described heroes full of life, joy, capable of taking extreme steps for the sake of love. By the strength of their love, they became one of the immortal heroes - Romeo and Juliet and others. The novel once again proves that love will conquer death, that it is true love that pushes people to different feats, even meaningless ones. The author penetrated into the world of human feelings and showed, so to speak, the ideals of real people. A person himself is free to choose between good and evil, and a person’s memory plays an important role: it does not allow black forces to take over a person. The tragedy of the Master and Margarita lies in the lack of understanding by the outside world. They challenged the whole world and heaven with their love.
The novel “The Master and Margarita” closely intertwines themes of history and religion, creativity and everyday life. But the most important place in the novel is occupied by the love story of the master and Margarita. This storyline adds tenderness and poignancy to the work. Without the theme of love, the image of the master would not be possible to fully reveal. The unusual genre of the work - a novel within a novel - allows the author to simultaneously distinguish and combine the biblical and lyrical lines, developing them fully in two parallel worlds.
Fatal meeting
The love between the master and Margarita flared up as soon as they saw each other. “Love jumped out between us, like a killer jumps out of the ground... and struck us both at once!” - this is what the master tells Ivan Bezdomny in the hospital, where he ends up after the critics rejected his novel. He compares the surging feelings to lightning or a sharp knife: “That’s how lightning strikes! This is how amazing a Finnish knife is!”
The master first saw his future beloved on a deserted street. She caught his attention because she was "carrying disgusting, disturbing yellow flowers."
These mimosas became a signal to the master that his muse was in front of him, with loneliness and fire in his eyes.
Both the master and the unhappy wife of a rich but unloved husband, Margarita, were completely alone in this world before their strange meeting. As it turns out, the writer was previously married, but he doesn’t even remember the name of his ex-wife, about whom he doesn’t keep any memories or warmth in his soul. And he remembers everything about Margarita, the tone of her voice, the way she spoke when she came, and what she did in his basement room.
After their first meeting, Margarita began to come to her lover every day. She helped him work on the novel, and she herself lived from this work. For the first time in her life, her inner fire and inspiration found their purpose and application, just as the masters listened and understood for the first time, because from the first meeting they spoke as if they had parted yesterday.
Completing the master's novel became a test for them. But the already born love was destined to pass this and many other tests in order to show the reader that a real kinship of souls exists.
Master and Margarita
The true love of the master and Margarita in the novel is the embodiment of the image of love in Bulgakov’s understanding. Margarita is not just a beloved and loving woman, she is a muse, she is the inspiration of the author and his own pain, materialized in the image of Margarita the witch, who in righteous anger destroys the apartment of an unjust critic.
The heroine loves the master with all her heart, and seems to breathe life into his small apartment. She gives her inner strength and energy to her lover’s novel: “she chanted and loudly repeated certain phrases... and said that this novel was her life.”
The refusal to publish the novel, and later the devastating criticism of the unknown passage that ended up in print, equally painfully wounds both the master and Margarita. But, if the writer is broken by this blow, then Margarita is overcome by insane rage, she even threatens to “poison Latunsky.” But the love of these lonely souls continues to live its own life.
Test of love
In the novel “The Master and Margarita,” love is stronger than death, stronger than the master’s disappointment and Margarita’s anger, stronger than Woland’s tricks and the condemnation of others.
This love is destined to pass through the flames of creativity and the cold ice of critics, it is so strong that it cannot find peace even in heaven.
The characters are very different, the master is calm, thoughtful, he has a soft character and a weak, vulnerable heart. Margarita, on the other hand, is strong and sharp; more than once Bulgakov uses the word “flame” to describe her. Fire burns in her eyes and brave, strong heart. She shares this fire with the master, she breathes this flame into the novel, and even the yellow flowers in her hands resemble lights against the backdrop of a black coat and slushy spring. The master embodies reflection, thought, while Margarita embodies action. She is ready to do anything for the sake of her beloved, and sell her soul, and become the queen of the devil's ball.
The strength of the feelings of the master and Margarita is not only in love. They are so close spiritually that they simply cannot exist separately. Before their meeting, they did not experience happiness; after parting, they would never have learned to live separately from each other. That is why, probably, Bulgakov decides to end the lives of his heroes, in return giving them eternal peace and solitude.
conclusions
Against the background of the biblical story of Pontius Pilate, the love story of the master and Margarita seems even more lyrical and poignant. This is the love for which Margarita is ready to give her soul, since she is empty without her loved one. Being insanely lonely before they met, the characters gain understanding, support, sincerity and warmth. This feeling is stronger than all the obstacles and bitterness that befalls the fate of the main characters of the novel. And it is precisely this that helps them find eternal freedom and eternal peace.
Descriptions of love experiences and the history of relationships between the main characters of the novel can be used by 11th grade students when writing an essay on the topic “The Love of the Master and Margarita”
Work test
There is probably not a single writer who would ignore such an eternal theme as love in his work. And it’s not surprising: after all, this is the brightest and strongest feeling a person can experience. However, for each of us the word “love” means something very personal: for some, mutual happiness, for others - suffering and unrequited feeling, for others - sacrifice. It’s the same in literature: in the works of different authors this feeling is depicted differently in accordance with their emotional world. What is love like in the novel “The Master and Margarita”? Reciprocity? Suffering? Victim? Like all other aspects of the novel, it is not unambiguous and, rather, combines all these features.
If you read the novel inattentively, you get the impression that love is not in the first place in it. After all, the reader becomes acquainted with the Master closer to the middle of the book, in the thirteenth chapter, and then for the first time we talk about his feelings.
And the reader recognizes Margarita at first only from the stories of a madman, and one gets the impression that she and his love for her are just a figment of his sick imagination. Moreover, he doesn’t even say her name.
True, in the nineteenth chapter, when half of the novel has already been read, we nevertheless meet the woman about whom the Master told Ivanushka Bezdomny in the hospital, and we are convinced that she really exists. True, not such a large part of the novel is dedicated to her, and even less to her beloved - the Master. Together, the reader sees them only at the end of the book. Thus, it seems that Bulgakov did not pay much attention to the lovers.
This is exactly the case if you evaluate the work from a mathematical point of view. On the other hand, it is important what the author himself thinks about this? It’s easy to find out his opinion - you just need to read the title of the novel again: “The Master and Margarita.” This alone puts the story of two lovers in first place. The question arises: why are they the main characters, and not Woland and his retinue, about whom much more has been written? Why did their feeling give the name to the novel?
Probably because the love described by Bulgakov seemed to single out the Master and Margarita from a number of other characters, elevated them above them to such an extent that even higher powers became interested in people capable of such a strong feeling. After all, Woland, who, according to the author’s plan, appeared in Moscow only to punish those who deserve it, helped the lovers unite and rewarded each of them according to their deserts.
What is so special about this love? She is special all over - from beginning to end. About the first meeting and the instant feeling that flared up, the Master says: “That’s how lightning strikes, that’s how a Finnish knife strikes!” This feeling changed him, made him seem to wake up. After all, he had never experienced anything like this before, even though he was married. Bulgakov contrasts Margarita with the Master’s wife: he cannot remember his wife’s name, even snapping his fingers and remembering minor details like a striped dress. He cannot forget Margarita, even when he goes crazy and is in a psychiatric hospital.
Margarita herself has a different opinion about their love: they “loved each other a long time ago, without knowing each other, without seeing each other,” she says. Does this mean that the heroine foresaw the fateful meeting? Most likely, Margarita was not happy with her husband and came up with an ideal love for herself. This is probably why she noticed a Master on the street who met her ideas about the romantic ideal.
One way or another, the lovers were sure that “fate itself pushed them together,” and they became inseparable. However, the attitude of the heroes towards each other and towards feelings was different: the Master waited for his beloved every day from the very morning, freezing at every knock of the gate, she was “naughty” - she played with him, lingering at the window, without immediately entering the rooms. Moreover, unlike the lonely writer, Margarita had a husband, a good man whom she did not want to leave. Which one of them loved more? Then there is still the Master. Margarita experienced, rather, romantic love, which was fueled by passion.
Nevertheless, she took upon herself the burden of caring for a lonely man: she prepared dinners for him, wiped dust from old books, sewed a hat, and most importantly, she supported the Master with her mere presence, and also helped in his work, becoming the first reader of the novel. Perhaps this last circumstance was the reason for the emergence of true love. For the first time, Margarita felt truly needed - not by her husband, who was a good man, but with whom she was bored, but by the Master. That is why she did not leave him when the novel was rejected by publishers and ridiculed by critics. After all, it was then that he began to need her even more.
During a difficult time for the Master, Margarita was no longer the same romantic woman in love whom the writer met while walking around Moscow. She already loved with all her soul, internally feeling the state of the person dear to her and worrying about him. Simple love in such an environment would not last long; Margarita was now, for the first time, thinking about leaving her husband and moving to the Master for good. She ran to him at night, feeling that her beloved was feeling bad, and with her bare hands she took the pages of the novel he had burned from the fire.
The question arises: maybe the heroine cared about the novel, and not its creator? Perhaps she loved not a person, but a writer? No wonder she told Woland after the ball: “My whole life is in this novel.”
However, the Master's book is not an object of love for Margarita, but rather her symbol. She loves the Master himself. After all, it was after his disappearance that she felt so unhappy, it was him she was looking for and waiting for. For his sake, Margarita commits a fall from grace, making a deal with Satan. This is what becomes the sacrifice that she ultimately made for love.
But in reality, was the sacrifice really that great? After all, Margarita just attended Woland’s ball, without doing anything wrong, even becoming a young and beautiful witch. Was it, in fact, a victim?
Without a doubt. To return her beloved, Margarita experienced shame, receiving Satan’s guests naked, and pain because her knee and hand were kissed by thousands of sinners condemned to eternal torment, and fear when Baron Meigel was killed in her presence and offered to drink his blood. Even a simple agreement to listen to Azazello at the Kremlin wall was a sacrifice: after all, Margarita was no longer the frivolous, bored woman who met the Master six months ago. This new Margarita, unhappy, loving and suffering, did not even want to talk to any man, be it the street impudent person to whom she introduced Azazello, or a rich foreigner. Neither money nor adventures interested her anymore.
Thus, Margarita experienced happiness in love, and then went through suffering and made a sacrifice. But what about the Master? Was it the same in his life?
He was happy just because he met Margarita and enjoyed every moment spent with her. He suffered because he made her suffer. And even his sacrifice was made not so much in the name of love as for the sake of his beloved: the Master disappeared from her life, seeing that he was bringing her nothing but grief. He was even ready to give up the dream that someday, after leaving the clinic healthy, he would meet his beloved again. He did not write to Margarita, did not make himself known. Why? Was this not cruelty towards the woman who loved him? There was, however, even greater suffering would have been caused to her by the waiting, as well as the knowledge that her loved one was crazy. He sincerely hoped for her own good that Margarita would forget him.
Whose sacrifice was greater? It’s hard to say: after all, everyone lost what was very important to them. Margarita gave up her good name, her husband, a secure and comfortable life - and all this for the sake of love. She was ready to die when, out of her own frivolity, she asked Woland as a reward not for happiness for herself, but for forgiveness for a stranger who had committed a crime. The master abandoned love itself for the sake of Margarita’s happiness.
By the will of the author, the lovers ended up together. Why did he still “let them go” from Moscow, giving them another life in return? Perhaps because such love has no place among ordinary people, in the society that Bulgakov described. After all, even the lovers themselves did not immediately believe that all their misfortunes were behind them. Moreover, others would not believe in their love. After all, society is not able to accept the Master or Margarita as they became by the end of this story. The master is a mentally ill writer who wrote a book on a forbidden topic. Margarita is an immoral woman who left her husband for her lover. Only they themselves were able to accept each other like that. On the other hand, this incredible love and sacrifices made by the Master and Margarita elevated them above the whole world and made them inaccessible to other people. It was precisely in order to protect this incredible love from people who were unable to understand and accept it that Woland gave them another life in which they could always be together.
And I didn’t read it - whether in history, or in a fairy tale, -
May the path of true love be smooth.
W. Shakespeare
M. Bulgakov believed that life is love and hate, courage and passion, the ability to appreciate beauty and kindness. But love... comes first. Bulgakov wrote the heroine of his novel with Elena Sergeevna, his beloved woman who was his wife. Soon after they met, she took on her shoulders, perhaps, most of his, the Master’s, terrible burden, and became his Margarita.
The story of the Master and Margarita is not one of the lines of the novel, but its most important theme. All events, all the diversity of the novel, converge towards it.
They didn’t just meet, fate collided with them on the corner of Tverskaya and Lane. Love struck both like lightning, like a Finnish knife. “Love jumped out in front of them, like a killer jumps out of the ground in an alley...” - this is how Bulgakov describes the emergence of love among his heroes. These comparisons already foreshadow the future tragedy of their love. But at first everything was very calm.
When they first met, they talked as if they had known each other a long time ago. A violently flared love seemed like it should burn people to the ground, but she turned out to have a domestic and quiet character. In the Master's basement apartment, Margarita, wearing an apron, took charge while her beloved worked on a novel. The lovers baked potatoes, ate them with dirty hands, and laughed. It was not the disgusting yellow flowers that were placed in the vase, but the roses they both loved. Margarita was the first to read the finished pages of the novel, hurried the author, promised him fame, and began to call him Master. She repeated the phrases of the novel that she especially liked loudly and in a sing-song voice. She said that this novel was her life. This was an inspiration for the Master; her words strengthened his faith in himself.
Bulgakov very carefully and chastely talks about the love of his heroes. She was not killed by the dark days when the Master's novel was destroyed. Love was with them even during the Master’s serious illness. The tragedy began when the Master disappeared for many months. Margarita thought about him tirelessly; not for a minute did her heart leave him. Even when it seemed to her that her beloved was no longer there. The desire to find out at least something about his fate overcomes reason, and then the devilish war begins, in which Margarita participates. In all her demonic adventures, she is accompanied by the loving gaze of the writer. The pages dedicated to Margarita are Bulgakov’s poem in honor of his beloved, Elena Sergeevna. With her, the writer was ready to make “his last flight.” This is what he wrote to his wife on a gifted copy of his collection “Diaboliad”. Material from the site
With the power of her love, Margarita returns the Master from oblivion. Bulgakov did not invent a happy ending for all the heroes of his novel: everything remained as it was before the invasion of the satanic team in Moscow. And only for the Master and Margarita, Bulgakov, as he believed, wrote a happy ending: eternal peace awaits them in the eternal home that the Master was given as a reward. Lovers will enjoy the silence, those they love will come to them... The Master will fall asleep with a smile, and she will forever protect his sleep. “The Master silently walked with her and listened. His restless memory began to fade,” - this is how the story of this tragic love ends.
And although the last words contain the sadness of death, there is also a promise of immortality and eternal life. It is coming true these days: the Master and Margarita, like their creator, are destined to live a long life. Many generations will read this satirical, philosophical, but most importantly, lyrical love novel, which confirmed that the tragedy of love is the tradition of all Russian literature.
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