Pseudonyms of writers and poets of the 19th century. Literary pseudonyms of children's writers

Writers, especially beginners, often take pseudonyms for themselves; their reasons for this can be very different. And it often happens that these pseudonyms “grow together” with the authors so much that for many they replace real names and surnames in life.

A.P. Chekhov and his pseudonyms

The greatest master of inventing pseudonyms was Chekhov. He had more than forty of them.

And the most famous, which everyone knows about from school, of course, was “Antosha Chekhonte”. It was under this pseudonym, while still a medical student, that Chekhov sent his first humorous stories to magazines. One of the gymnasium teachers jokingly called the young student Chekhov Antosha Chekhonte.

And it’s all the more surprising that out of so many pseudonyms, not one “caught on.” For everyone, Chekhov was and remains Chekhov.

Green Alexander - Grinevsky Alexander Stefanovich

At school, the guys addressed Alexander briefly - “Green!”, and one of his childhood nicknames was “Green-damn.” Therefore, he chose exactly this pseudonym for himself, without much thought. " I feel like only Green, and it seems strange to me when someone says: Grinevsky. This is someone stranger to me" Even his third wife received a passport in the name of Nina Green when she changed her last name.

Chukovsky Korney Ivanovich - Korneychukov Nikolay Vasilievich

The fact that he was illegitimate weighed heavily on Chukovsky in his youth. And having taken up literary activity, he began to use a pseudonym, which was his last name, divided into two parts: Korneychukov = Korney + Chukov + sky.

Subsequently, without further ado, he also came up with a middle name for him - “Ivanovich”. After the revolution, having changed his real name, patronymic and surname to a pseudonym, he became Korney Ivanovich Chukovsky also according to his passport.

Anna Akhmatova - according to her passport Anna Gorenko

After her divorce from Gumilyov, Anna took the surname Akhmatova as a pseudonym. Her mother's female branch descended from the Tatar Khan Akhmat. She later recalled: “ Only a seventeen-year-old crazy girl could choose a Tatar surname for a Russian poetess... That’s why it came to my mind to take a pseudonym because my dad, having learned about my poems, said: “Don’t disgrace my name.” - “And I don’t need your name!” - I said…»

Ilya Ilf - Ilya Arnoldovich Fainzilberg

There are several versions regarding the origin of this pseudonym, and one of them is:
In his youth, Ilya Fainzilberg worked as a journalist, writing articles for newspapers. But his last name was not very suitable for a signature - it was too long and difficult to pronounce. Therefore, Ilya often abbreviated it - sometimes “Ilya F”, sometimes “IF”, sometimes “Falberg”. And, in the end, it turned out - “Ilf”.

Evgeniy Petrov - Evgeniy Petrovich Kataev

Evgeny was the younger brother of the then famous writer Valentin Kataev. Not wanting to enjoy the fruits of his fame, he came up with a literary pseudonym for himself, forming it from the name of his father, that is, from his patronymic. So Evgeny Kataev became Evgeny Petrov.

Arkady Gaidar - Golikov Arkady Petrovich

Arkady Golikov, under his real name, wrote only the first book - “In the days of defeats and victories.” All the others were published under the pseudonym Gaidar, under which he became a widely known writer.
As for the origin of this pseudonym, we can only guess.
Perhaps it came from the Mongolian "gaidar" - "horseman galloping in front."

According to another version, while on duty in Khakassia, Gaidar often had to ask local residents - “haidar”? ("where to go"?). Perhaps this is how this word stuck to him - “haidar”.

Daniil Kharms - Daniil Ivanovich Yuvachev

The writer Daniil Yuvachev also invented many pseudonyms for himself (Kharms, Haarms, Dandan, Charms, Karl Ivanovich Shusterling, etc.), signing himself first with one of them, then with another. Until I finally settled on one thing - Daniil Kharms. However, its meaning is interpreted ambiguously. "Charm" in French means "charm", while "charm" in English means "harm", "suffering". But based on what Kharms once wrote in his diary: “ Yesterday dad told me that as long as I am Harms, I will be haunted by needs", then the English version is still preferable. The writer adored this pseudonym to such an extent that he even manually added it to his last name in his passport.

There are also many examples in Western literature where pseudonyms have replaced the real names of authors:

O. Henry - William Sydney Porter
Lewis Carroll - Charles Lutwidge Dodgson
Voltaire - Francois-Marie Arouet
Stendhal - Marie-Henri Bayle
Mark Twain - Samuel Langhorne Clemens

Pseudonyms are also widely used in Eastern literature. So, everyone has heard the name of the Japanese poet who lived in the 17th century - Basho.

But this is also a pseudonym, and it means “ banana tree O". The poet planted a banana tree near his house, which he took care of. The neighbors began to call him “basyonoo” - an old man living near a banana tree. Few people know his real name - Matsuo Munzfusa.

And in continuation of the literary theme.

We know some writers and poets under a fictitious name and surname. Many of them take pseudonyms so as not to be compared with namesakes or famous relatives, to simplify their complex name or to make it more euphonious and effective.

10. Anna Akhmatova (Anna Andreevna Gorenko)

Anna Gorenko's father was a hereditary nobleman Andrei Gorenko, who once worked as a naval mechanical engineer.

She wrote her first poems after a serious illness, when she was only 11 years old. The girl was delirious for several days, and her family no longer hoped for her recovery. But when she woke up and regained her strength, she was able to find her first rhymes.

She read the poems of French poets and tried to compose poems herself. But the father did not really like his daughter’s hobby. Not only was he not interested in her poems, but he also spoke disparagingly about them.

Realizing that Anna had decided to become a poetess, he forbade her to sign her real name, because... was sure that she would disgrace his name. Anna did not argue with him. She decided to choose a pseudonym for herself. Having learned that her maternal grandmother had a sonorous surname “Akhmatova,” she took it.

So the famous Russian poetess chose a Tatar surname for herself, which supposedly went to her ancestors, because they were from the family of the Tatar Khan Akhmat.

9. Ilya Ilf (Ilya Arnoldovich Fainzilberg)

The famous author of “12 Chairs” took his pseudonym to make it easier to sign his works.

His daughter said that his real last name, Fainsilberg, was too long for a newspaper article. And to shorten it, he often signed himself “Ilya F” or “IF”, and gradually his pseudonym “Ilf” came into being.

But there is another version. At birth he was Yechiel-Leib Arievich Fainzilberg, born into a Jewish family. And his pseudonym is an abbreviation in accordance with the tradition of Jewish nominal abbreviations.

He sometimes signed other names. So, speaking as a literary critic, Ilya called himself Anton Krainy.

8. Evgeny Petrov (Evgeny Petrovich Kataev)

Evgeny Kataev's older brother was Valentin Kataev. He was a famous writer, founder and editor of the magazine "Youth".

Not wanting to take advantage of his brother’s fame and popularity, Evgeniy took a pseudonym. He became Petrov, slightly changing the name of his father, Pyotr Vasilyevich Kataev.

7. Arkady Gaidar (Golikov Arkady Petrovich)

The writer himself never told why he decided to become Gaidar. When asked about it, he usually joked, never explaining anything.

There were several versions of the origin of his name. The most popular version was the version of the writer B. Emelyanov. He was sure that the pseudonym came from the Mongolian word "gaidar", which meant a horseman galloping in front.

There is another version. School friend of the writer A.M. Goldin is sure that the pseudonym is an encrypted message. Since childhood, he was a great inventor; he loved to come up with his own codes. “Gaidar” is deciphered as follows: “G” is the first letter of his last name Golikov, “ai” is the first and last letters of the name Arkady, “d” is from the French “de”, which means “from”, and “ar” is the first letters of his hometown. It turns out “Golikov Arkady from Arzamas.”

6. Boris Akunin (Grigory Chkhartishvili)

The writer publishes critical and documentary works under his own name. He became Boris Akunin in 1998, after he began writing fiction.

At first, no one knew what the letter “B” in front of his new name meant. A little later, in an interview, he said that this is the first letter of his name - Boris.

There are several speculations as to why he took this pseudonym. "Akunin" can be translated from Japanese as "supporter of evil or villain." Some believe that this pseudonym is associated with the name of the famous anarchist Mikhail Bakunin.

The writer himself explains that his novels are not like his other activities. Akunin’s thought works differently from Chkhartishvili’s, who deals with articles. They are two completely different people, Akunin is an idealist, kind, and believes in God. Besides, you shouldn’t write detective stories with such an unpronounceable surname.

5. O. Henry (William Sydney Porter)

He was once accused of embezzlement and was imprisoned. He was trained as a pharmacist, so William was allowed to work in the infirmary as a night pharmacist.

At night, while on duty, he composed his stories. Some of them were released. But the writer did not want readers to know about his convict past. He was always ashamed of him and afraid of exposure. Therefore, he published only under a pseudonym.

It is believed that he became O. Henry by changing the surname of the pharmacist Etienne Océan Henri. He was the author of a reference book that was also used in the prison pharmacy.

William himself insisted that he chose the initial “O” only because it is the simplest letter and it stands for Oliver. And he took the last name “Henry” from a newspaper.

4. Lewis Carroll (Charles Lutwidge Dodgson)

The writer was a famous English mathematician and graduated from Oxford with honors. In order to become a professor and give lectures, according to the charter, he had to take holy orders, which he did, becoming a deacon.

After that, it was dangerous for him to sign humorous stories with his own name, because... both the church and his colleagues could react painfully to his work. In addition, he did not like his own name; it seemed boring and discordant to him.

Dodgson had a double name, in honor of his father and mother. He translated both parts into Latin, resulting in "Carolus Ludovicus". After that, I swapped them and translated them into English again. This is how his pseudonym Lewis Carroll came about. But he always signed his mathematical works with his real name.

3. Mark Twain (Samuel Langhorne Clemens)

Once upon a time, an aspiring writer worked as a sailor on the Mississippi River. The safe depth at which a steamer could pass was considered to be 2 phantoms or 3.6 m. In sailor slang, this depth was called “twins”. The boatmen measured it with a special stick, and if everything was in order, they shouted “by mark twain.” The writer liked this combination of words.

2. Daniil Kharms (Daniil Ivanovich Yuvachev)

The writer came up with this pseudonym while still a schoolboy, signing his notebooks with this surname. He later made it his official name.

It is still unknown why he chose this surname; there are many versions of its origin. But the most common one is that Kharms sounds almost like Holmes, and this was Kharms’ favorite character. He adopted his style of dressing from him and often posed with a pipe in photographs.

1. Korney Ivanovich Chukovsky (Nikolai Vasilievich Korneychukov)

The writer was illegitimate. His father was Emmanuel Levenson, and his mother was the peasant Ekaterina Korneychuk, who was his servant. Therefore, the boy did not have a middle name.

After he became a writer, he used the pseudonym Korney Chukovsky, adding a fictitious patronymic to it. And after the revolution, the pseudonym became his name.

What is a pseudonym? The word is of Greek origin and literally means a false (fictitious) name. Most often, pseudonyms are used by famous personalities - artists, athletes, scientists, religious figures, etc.

One of the most famous pseudonyms of Russian writers is Maxim Gorky, under whom Alexey Maksimovich Peshkov worked. The practice of using a literary name other than the real one is quite widespread and dates back to time immemorial. Often we get so used to famous names that we don’t even suspect that underneath them lies a completely different person, and sometimes an entire creative team. For what reasons does this happen? Let's look at this in more detail.

In ancient times, and even today in some nations, a person’s name could change several times throughout his life. This occurred in connection with significant events, emerging character traits or external signs, career, place of residence or other changes in a person's life. At the same time, it was often difficult to distinguish a pseudonym from a nickname, that is, a name given by others. For example, given the fragmentary biographical data, mainly taken from legends, today it is difficult to say whether for the Indian religious poet Ratnakar the term Valmiki was a nickname or a classic pseudonym in the modern sense.

English literature

Pseudonyms are no less popular among writers and poets in English-speaking countries. Samuel Langhorne Clemens is known as one of the founders of American literature under the name Mark Twain. The pseudonym was taken from the terminology of Mississippi River pilots, with which the life and work of the great writer are closely connected - literally mark twain meant the minimum permissible depth for a vessel to pass, two fathoms. However, already being a famous writer, Clemens published one of his novels under the ornate name of Sir Louis de Comte.

O. Henry is one of the most famous names in American short fiction, but not everyone knows that it appeared during the three-year prison sentence served by bank employee William Sidney Porter, accused of embezzlement. Although he had written before, even published a literary magazine, it was at that moment that the story “Dick the Whistler's Christmas Gift” was published under the name O. Henry, under which William Porter will go down in history.

Another reason for Lewis Carroll's pseudonym. The son of a parish priest, Charles Lutwidge Dodgson was very versatile, and if photography or chess were on a slightly different plane, then it seemed inappropriate to him to publish works in the field of mathematics and works of art under the same name. Therefore, the works of Charles Dodgson are known in the mathematical field, and we know Lewis Carroll as the author of the popular fairy tale “Alice’s Adventures in Wonderland” and many other works. The pseudonym is formed by swapping synonyms for the first and last names: Charles - Carl - Carroll and Lutwidge - Louis - Lewis.

Initially, many English writers published under pseudonyms or anonymously due to doubts about their talent, and only after success their real names were revealed. For almost his entire life, Walter Scott, who initially became famous for his poetic works, published novels incognito, signing himself “author of Weaverly” (his first published novel), and only a few years before his death did intrigued readers learn the real name of the writer. Charles Dickens's first attempts at writing were published under the playful nickname Boz, which came from childhood, and only after checking the success of his works did the writer begin to use his name. The famous prose writer and playwright John Galsworthy signed his first stories and novels as John Sinjon.

Hungary

The role of Sandor Petőfi in the development of Hungarian poetry can be compared with Pushkin for Russia or Shevchenko for Ukraine. In addition, he was an active participant in the Hungarian national liberation movement. But it turns out that ethnic Serb Alexander Petrovich worked under this pseudonym.

The tradition continued among Soviet writers. For example, the editor suggested a pseudonym for the writer Boris Kampov, translating his last name from Latin (campus - field). As a result, we know him under the name Boris Polevoy.

One of the most famous pseudonyms of children's writers and poets is Korney Chukovsky, under whom Nikolai Korneychukov worked. A little later, Ivanovich also acquired a literary name - Nikolai Korneychukov himself was illegitimate and did not have a middle name. After the revolution, the pseudonym became his official full name, and his children bore the middle name Korneevichi.

A similar situation happened to Arkady Golikov - his pseudonym Gaidar became the surname for him and his children.

Kirill Simonov had a problem with diction - he was unable to pronounce the sounds “r” and hard “l”, so he changed his name to Konstantin and with it he entered the history of Soviet literature. At the same time, his children bore their “real” middle name - Kirillovichi.

Researcher Igor Mozheiko believed that his literary work would interfere with his main professional activity, so he used his wife’s name, Kira, and his mother’s maiden name, becoming known as Kir Bulychev.

Grigory Shalvovich Chkhartishvili, according to him, took a pseudonym because many editors and readers could not pronounce his last name. This is how the now famous detective author Boris Akunin appeared. He signed works that were not part of the “classical outline of Akunin” as Anatoly Brusnikin and Anna Borisova.

In the same area, Marina Alekseeva, known as Alexandra Marinina, is widely published.

If at the beginning of the twentieth century many bearers of foreign surnames sought to become Russian in literature, then by the end of the century the situation changed - in order to somehow separate themselves from the mass of one-day novels, some writers took foreign pseudonyms. One of the most famous examples is Dmitry Gromov and Oleg Ladyzhensky, who signed their joint works as Henry Lyon Oldie. Initially, the surname was taken from the first two letters of each name (OLeg and DIma) with initials corresponding to the surnames of G.L. “Deciphering” the initials was done later, at the request of one of the editors with whom the authors collaborated.

Conclusion

This article did not set out to reveal the origin or at least list all the pseudonyms used among prose writers and poets - for this purpose special reference and encyclopedic resources are being created. Therefore, you may not find many of your favorite and famous names. The main task is to explain the main reasons for this phenomenon and give the most typical examples.

Description of the presentation by individual slides:

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The work was completed by Anastasia Ostroukhova, a student of class 7 A of Municipal Educational Institution Secondary School No. 1. Head Makhortova Irina Anatolyevna

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Why did writers take pseudonyms for themselves, what semantic meaning do they carry, what are the methods of their formation? study of the reasons for the appearance of pseudonyms of Russian writers and poets of the 19th century, their classification according to methods of education

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Pseudonyms allow you to more fully imagine the history of literature and become more familiar with the biography and work of writers.

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Identify the reasons for the appearance of pseudonyms. Explore ways to form pseudonyms. Classify pseudonyms into certain groups. Conduct a survey.

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famous Russian writers and poets of the 19th century, pseudonyms of Russian writers and poets whose work is studied in grades 5-7 according to the program V.Ya. Korovina

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A pseudonym is a false name, a fictitious name or a symbol with which the author signs his work.

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Trying the pen Censorship Class prejudices Namesakes The commonness of the surname Comic effect

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All pseudonyms are divided into certain groups, which are based on the principle of their formation. According to researchers, there are now over fifty different types of pseudonyms. Dmitriev V.G. in the book “Hidden Their Names” he identifies 57 classification groups of pseudonyms

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Method of formation Pseudonym Real surname Comment 1) cryptonyms - signatures in the form of initials and various abbreviations T.L. Tolstoy Lev A.S.G.A.S. Grinevsky A.F. Afanasy Fet In the first book of his poems, “Lyrical Pantheon,” 20-year-old Fet hid his first and last name, hiding under the initials A.F. He then tried to destroy this book. or K. Ivan Krylov This is how N.N. signed his first work, an epigram in the magazine “A Cure for Boredom and Worries.” Nikolay Nekrasov

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apokonyms - pseudonyms obtained by discarding the beginning or end of the name, surname Green A. S. Grinevsky Gave his surname a foreign connotation, sacrificing its second half. "Green!" - this is how the children called Grinevsky briefly at school. Growing up, he used the nickname as a pseudonym. -v M.Yu. Lermontov Censorship forbade the publication of “Song about the merchant Kalashnikov.....”, since the author was exiled to the Caucasus. But at the request of V.A. Zhukovsky they allowed it to be published without indicating the author’s name. The editors of "Russian Disabled Person" put -v under the work. atelonyms, - pseudonyms obtained by omitting part of the letters of the first and last name Alexander Nkshp, -P- Alexander Inksh A.S. Pushkin OOO N.V. Gogol These four “o”s were part of N.V.’s full surname. Gogol - Gogol – Yanovskoy

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2) paizonym - a comic pseudonym intended to produce a comic effect F.A. Belopyatkin, Feklist Bob, Ivan Wartkin, Churmen, Literary Exchange broker Nazar Vymochkin Nikolay Nekrasov Feofilakt Kosichkin A.S. Pushkin This is Pushkin’s favorite pseudonym, with which he signed two pamphlets in the Telescope. Maremyan Danilovich Zhukovyatnikov, chairman of the commission on the construction of the Muratov House, author of the cramped stable, fire-breathing ex-president of the old vegetable garden, gentleman of three livers and commander of Nonsense Vasily Zhukovsky Vasily Zhukovsky signed his comic ballad "Elena Ivanovna Protasova, or Friendship, impatience and cabbage" Retired teacher of Russian literature Platon Nedobobov I.S. Turgenev So signed by I.S. Turgenev feuilleton “The Six-Year-Old Accuser” G. Baldastov; Makar Baldastov; My brother's brother; Doctor without patients; Nut No. 6; Nut No. 9; Rook; Don Antonio Cehonte; Nettle; Purselepetanov; A person without a spleen; Champagne; Young Elder; Akaki Tarantulov, Nekto, Schiller Shakespeareovich Goethe, Arkhip Indeikin; Vasily Spiridonov Svolachev; Zakharyeva; Petukhov A.P. Chekhov Chekhov has more than 50 pseudonyms.

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3) matronyms - pseudonyms formed from the first or last name of the author’s mother Shenshin A.A. Fet mother’s last name Turgenev-Lutovinov I.S. Turgenev mother's surname 4) frenonym - a pseudonym indicating the main character trait of the author or the main feature of his work. Maxim Gorky A. Peshkov Maxim Gorky associated himself and his work with the bitterness of life and the bitterness of truth. M.E. Saltykov-Shchedrin M.E. Saltykov The pseudonym was obtained by joining his real surname with the pseudonym Shchedrin, which he chose on the advice of his wife, as a derivative of the word “generous”, since in his writings he is extremely generous with all kinds of sarcasm 5) Palinonym (inverted anagram) - pseudonym, formed by reading the first and last name from right to left Navi Volyrk Ivan Krylov This method, despite its simplicity, was not widespread because the result, as a rule, was an ugly combination of sounds.

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6) geonym, or troponym - a pseudonym associated with geographical objects, most often with the place of birth or residence Antony Pogorelsky Alexey Alekseevich Perovsky Alexey Alekseevich Perovsky took the pseudonym Antony Pogorelsky from the village of Pogoreltsa, inherited from his father. Krasnorogsky Alexey Konstantinovich Tolstoy Alexey Konstantinovich Tolstoy first appeared in print, publishing a separate book, under the pseudonym “Krasnorogsky” (from the name of the Krasny Rog estate), the fantastic story “The Ghoul”. Gr. Diyarbekir M.Yu. Lermontov M.Yu. Lermontov signed the poems “Gospital” and “Ulansha” with one of his pseudonyms - “Gr. Diyarbekir." The poet borrowed this name of a city in Turkish Kurdistan from Stendhal’s novel “The Red and the Black.” 7) geronym - the surname of a literary character or mythological creature Ivan Petrovich Belkin A.S. Pushkin, adopted as a pseudonym real name. Pasichnik Rudy Panko, P. Glechik N.V. Gogol N.V. Gogol “Evenings on a Farm Near Dikanka” signed the Stories published by Pasichnik Rudy Panko. The chapter “Teacher” from the Little Russian story “The Scary Boar” was signed by P. Glechik. Gogol was hiding under this pseudonym.

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8) metonym, or paronym - a pseudonym formed by analogy, by the similarity of meaning with the real surname. Chekhov - Chekhonte A.P. Chekhov 9) title - signature indicating the title or position of the author Arz. and St.ar. Several of Pushkin's pseudonyms are associated with his lyceum past. This is Arz. and St.ar. - Arzamasets and Old Arzamasets, respectively (in 1815-1818 Pushkin was a member of the Arzamas literary circle). 10) koinonym - a common pseudonym adopted by several authors writing together Kozma Prutkov Alexey Tolstoy, brothers Alexey, Vladimir and Alexander Zhemchuzhnikov Kozma Petrovich Prutkov - pseudonym under which the poets Alexey Tolstoy, brothers Alexey, performed in the 50-60s of the 19th century Vladimir and Alexander Zhemchuzhnikov. 11) literary mask - a signature that gives deliberately incorrect information about the author, characterizing the fictitious person to whom he attributes authorship Kozma Prutkov Alexey Tolstoy, brothers Alexey, Vladimir and Alexander Zhemchuzhnikov Kozma Petrovich Prutkov - the pseudonym under which they performed in the 50-60s years of the 19th century, poets Alexey Tolstoy, brothers Alexey, Vladimir and Alexander Zhemchuzhnikov.

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12) astronim - a signature consisting of one or more asterisks. *** I. Turgenev, N. Nekrasov, N. Gogol, A. Pushkin 13) tracing paper - a pseudonym formed by translating a real surname into another language. M. Lerma M.Yu. Lermontov In his youth M.Yu. Lermontov associated his surname with the Spanish statesman of the early 17th century Francisco Lermoy and signed his letters “M. Lerma." 14) pseudogynym - a female first and last name, adopted by a male author Elsa Moravskaya A.S. Grinevsky, or Green 15) digital name - a last name or initials, encrypted by replacing letters with numbers. 1) “1...14-16”, deciphered as - A...n-P – Alexander n....P 2) “1...14-17”, i.e. - A...n-r – Alexander 3) “1...16-14”, i.e. - A...P-n – Alexander P....n 4) “1...17-14”, i.e. A...r-n – Alexander....n A. Pushkin

• Afanasy Fet - Afanasy Shenshin
• Igor Severyanin - Igor Lotarev
• Arkady Gaidar - Arkady Golikov
• Maxim Gorky - Maxim Peshkov

pseudonyms of 19th century writers

• Jack London - John Griffith Cheney
• Kozma Prutkov - Brothers Alexey, Vladimir and Alexander Zhemchuzhnikov and Alexey Tolstoy
• Alexander Green - Alexander Grinevsky
• George Sand - Aurora Dupin
• Mark Twain - Samuel Clemens
• Lewis Carroll - Charles Lutwidge Dodgson
• Andrey Bely - Boris Bugaev

pseudonyms of 20th century writers

• Korney Chukovsky- Nikolay Korneychuk
• Kir Bulychev - Igor Mozheiko
• Grigory Gorin - Grigory Ofshtein
• Eduard Limonov - Eduard Savenko
• Arkady Arkanov - Arkady Steinbok
• Boris Akunin - Grigory Chkhartishvili
• Anna Akhmatova - Anna Gorenko
• Eduard Bagritsky- Eduard Dzyubin
• Alexander Green - Alexander Grinevich
• Victor Suvorov - Vladimir Rezun
• Veniamin Kaverin- Veniamin Zilber
• Daniil Kharms - Daniil Yuvachev
• Alexandra Marinina- Marina Alekseeva

I wondered why they changed their first or last name?

Previously, they decorated their name, then they “hid” their nationality more or made it more memorable (remember Chkhartishvili, for example, Akunin is much easier).

Marinina, say, being a police officer, did not want to “shine” under her name.

Journalists feel safer - they write what they want or come up with.

They still cannot understand why the pseudonym of Lenin or Stalin appeared...

Trotsky Lev Davidovich, the second person of Soviet Russia during the time of Lenin, was called Leiba Davidovich Bronstein from childhood. He took the surname Trotsky after serving time in an Odessa prison in 1898. It is clear that after his imprisonment he changed his name, without Russifying much. Also several versions.

Sergey Kostrikov became Kirov - it is assumed that he really liked the Persian ruler Cyrus.

Charles Aznavour - Aznavuryan Shahnur Vaginak (Varenag)

Irina Allegrova - Klimchuk? Inessa? Alexandrovna

Russian pop singer. When she arrived in Moscow and entered the circus school, she borrowed her name from her neighbor in the hostel, and instead of her surname she took the first word she came across from the Musical Dictionary, which was “allegro”.
According to another version, the singer’s father, operetta artist Alexander Sarkisov, took the pseudonym Alexander Allegrov, and his daughter Irina received this surname at birth.

Nadezhda Babkina Zasedateleva Nadezhda

Russian pop singer, creator and soloist of the Russian Song ensemble (1975). If the surname is difficult to pronounce, then your path to success will be difficult. As long as they see you, they love you, they finally remember your last name... So Nadezhda Babkina has much more advantages than Nadezhda Zasedateleva.

VALERIYA Perfilova (Shulgina) Alla

Russian pop singer. The pseudonym was invented for her by her ex-husband and producer A. Shulgin (possibly because the name Alla is strongly associated with Alla Pugacheva)

Marina Vladi - Polyakova-Baidarova Marina-Louise Vladimirovna

French actress and singer. Wife of V. Vysotsky, daughter of opera artist Vladimir Polyakov-Baidarov, a native of the Russian Empire. Marina took the pseudonym Vladi after the death of her father in his honor.

Lada Dance Volkova (Velichkovskaya) Lada

Russian pop singer. The pseudonym Lada Dance was “born” on tour. After the performance, Sergei Lemokh announced: “It was Lada! And everything behind her is a dance!” those. girls on the backup dancers.

Chris Kelmi Kalinkin Anatoly

And he’s not a Baltic, it’s just his pseudonym. At that time, Baltic artists were in fashion.

PENCIL Rumyantsev Mikhail Nikolaevich

The famous Soviet clown, he received the nickname Pencil not for his short stature, but came up with it himself when he saw a poster by the French artist Karan d'Asha. (Yes, he really was!)

Klara Novikova Herzer Klara Borisovna

Russian pop artist. She changed her surname Herzer to Novikova - (the surname of her first husband)... but why, if she portrays Aunt Sonya from Odessa?

True, it’s interesting - just for fun.