Glinka Central Museum of Musical Culture. Musical museums of Russia

Reviews about the Museum of Musical Culture. M. I. Glinka

Ludmila Milkina 01/03/2017 at 18:39

I came to this museum by accident: I was walking down the street and saw a bus stop with that name. I think it means he is somewhere nearby, I found a museum - and did not regret it. I got to three exhibitions: "Sound and ... man, universe, game", musical instruments of different times and peoples and "Dances of buffoons" with drawings by B. Messerer. First I went to an interactive exhibit about sounds. It was very interesting for both children and adults. You could listen to different sounds, you could create different sounds, see how they affect nature and man, and much, much more, which we do not know, but which is very interesting to know. The exhibition of instruments from different peoples and times in general stunned me with the number and variety of these instruments, some instruments of such a peculiar form that it is not clear how they are played and what sounds they make. And here, unfortunately, I again encountered the disease of all our museums: the inscriptions near the exhibits are academically dry and do not explain anything about them: the name, date of manufacture, even the country where it comes from is not always indicated. There are, of course, banners with long boring texts that no one reads. People come to the museum to see! It would be very cool if at least near the most unusual instruments there were pictures (photos, drawings) by which one could understand how they are played, and if one also listened to their sound, it would be just fantastic. By the way, the black letters on the glass are practically invisible, so even those inscriptions that are there are not readable. The museum also hosts various concerts. I got a ticket for one of them. I hope to become a regular guest of this museum. About the exhibition of B. Messerer's drawings, judge by my photos.

Ludmila Milkina 01/03/2017 at 18:32

The museum was opened in 1912 at the Moscow Conservatory. The museum's funds contain more than 900 rare musical instruments, personal archives of composers and performers, collections of photographs and documents, and a rich collection of paintings.In 1912, the Memorial Museum named after Nikolai Rubinstein, the conductor and founder of the Conservatory, was opened in the building of the Moscow Conservatory. Moscow homeowner and music lover Dmitry Belyaev gave money for its opening. Among the few exhibits were, for example, the desk of Pyotr Tchaikovsky, portraits of the composer Anton Rubinstein and patron Dmitry Belyaev, a collection of Central Asian instruments and an Italian lyre-guitar of 1656.

Funds were replenished gradually. So, Modest Tchaikovsky, the composer's brother, presented a plaster death mask of Pyotr Ilyich, and an admirer of Nikolai Rimsky-Korsakov, Sergei Belanovsky, sent the composer's penknife, which, however, was stolen in 1925. In the early 1930s, the museum was on the verge of closing. Then hard times came for the entire conservatory. But the museum was not closed, and in 1938 Ekaterina Alekseeva was appointed to the position of head. With her arrival, the museum began to gradually recover. In 1943, at the height of the war, he received the status of the state, and in the late 1940s, the name of Rubinstein finally disappeared from his name.

The Musical Museum went beyond the memorial room at the conservatory and became an independent institution. In 1954, in connection with the 150th anniversary of the birth of Mikhail Glinka, he was named after the great composer. In 1982, the museum moved to a new house built especially for it on Fadeev Street.The museum has been and is working to replenish its funds. Back in 1943, director Ekaterina Alekseeva entered into correspondence with Sergei Rachmaninov, who was then living in the United States. The composer responded to a request to send some of his personal belongings and musical recordings to the museum. Ekaterina Alekseeva traveled to the United States twice and from her second trip in 1970, together with Zaruhi Apetyan, a researcher of Rachmaninov's work, brought 20 boxes of exhibits for the museum.

In subsequent years, the museum received a lot of items related to world musical culture as a gift. For example, the ballerina Anna Pavlova's handwritten clavier (arranged score of a vocal and orchestral piece for piano) of a ballet or the Stradivarius violin bequeathed to David Oistrakh by Queen Elisabeth of Belgium.

The main exposition of the museum is called "Musical Instruments of the Peoples of the World". More than 900 exhibits are exhibited in five halls. The department of Russian instruments presents nine-stringed harps of the 13th century, found during excavations in Novgorod, balalaikas of the 19th century, old grand pianos from St. Curious are the Bashkir flute kurai, the Chuvash bagpipe shybr with a bag of bull bladder, the Karelian string instrument kantele, similar to the harp and mentioned in the Kalevala epic. The exposition of Central Asian instruments consists mainly of items from the collection of August Eichhorn, who served as bandmaster of Russian military bands in the Turkestan military district from 1870 to 1883.

In 2011, the Museum of Musical Culture was renamed into the All-Russian Museum Association of Musical Culture. M. I. Glinka. Now it includes five more memorial museums: the Museum-estate of F. I. Chaliapin on Novinsky Boulevard, the museum “P. I. Tchaikovsky and Moscow” on Kudrinskaya Square, the Apartment Museum of the composer and director of the Conservatory A. B. Goldenweiser, the S. S. Prokofiev Museum in Kamergersky Lane and the Museum-Apartment of the conductor and composer N. S. Golovanov in Bryusov Lane.

The Glinka Museum, or the Central Museum of Musical Culture, displays a huge collection of instruments from all eras and peoples, the number of exhibits of which is close to a thousand. From historical rarities to modern sound extraction devices can be seen in this extensive collection. The main building of the museum association was built specifically for this repository, which was based on exhibits collected by enthusiasts from the Moscow Conservatory since its foundation in 1866.

The lobby of the Glinka Museum greets visitors with a bust of the great composer, musical and text quotes from the author of the Patriotic Song, which for some time was the Russian anthem. The notes of this work are accompanied by an unofficial text, which, together with music, claimed the status of a state symbol back in tsarist times.

Here, visitors get acquainted with the announcements of events, leave their outerwear, purchase entrance tickets to the permanent exhibition or thematic exhibitions. The main permanent exhibition is located on the 2nd floor, temporary displays on various topics are organized on the 3rd floor.

The lobby houses one of the remarkable exhibits, the recent acquisition of the Glinka Museum - the European orchestra. This mechanical instrument recreates the sound of an instrumental orchestra, such devices have been used in a number of European countries as musical accompaniment to dance events.

Musical instruments, located on the front side of a kind of orchestra, emit their characteristic sounds, while accordions even demonstrate the movements of bellows. In Russia, such instruments were not distributed, the more interesting it is for our lovers of musical curiosities to get acquainted with the orchestra.

The second floor, which contains the main exposition of the Glinka Museum, begins with a spacious hall where various exhibitions dedicated to musical culture are held. The main decoration of the room is a picturesque colored stained-glass window, which is much larger in size from the outside of the building.

A massive staircase leads to the 3rd floor to visit the thematic temporary exhibitions. The composition of several bells recalls the role of church bells both in the life of the Russian people and in Glinka's musical tastes.

Also in the hall there is an organ made by the German master Ladegast, which was owned since 1868 by a descendant of the Khludov merchant family, the only surviving product of this master. Presented to the Moscow Conservatory and having changed several more owners, the instrument was practically ruined.

The difficult restoration of the insides of the organ was carried out in 1998 by Vilnius organ masters under the guidance of Guchas. Now this instrument is positioned as the oldest organ in Russia that has retained its efficiency, and it is actually used at organ concerts organized by the Glinka Museum.

The permanent exposition of the Glinka Museum, which tells about the history of origin and a wide variety of musical instruments of the peoples of the world, is located in five halls on the second floor. With different background colors of showcases, they are visually separated from each other. The division of the halls, representing the oldest known instruments, is made according to the geographical principle. A separate room is dedicated to European exhibits divided by countries, the rest of the continents are divided inside another room with expositions of individual countries highlighted.

Further halls represent instruments that differ in belonging to wind or symphony, percussion and keyboards. Selected mechanical and electronic musical instruments, devices for recording sound and playing it from various media.

Ancient European musical instruments

How correct this choice of the principle of demonstrating musical instruments is for professionals to understand, but the differences in the method of extracting sound seem to be more fundamental and obvious than national and state ones. After all, the shape of the pipe, no matter how great the differences, is still recognizable.

You can't confuse a drum or other percussion instruments with anything else. And finding out information about the place of origin of the exhibit, attributing it to a certain type of musical instruments and other details is still carried out by the majority of visitors according to explanatory inscriptions.

Russian folk musical instruments are collected in the Glinka Museum in a large assortment and species diversity. There are also instruments of other peoples inhabiting the national republics within the Russian Federation. Percussion instruments are widely represented - after all, they use the simplest, but most diverse method of extracting sounds, from simple collisions of objects, for which even wooden spoons are used, to rattles of various devices and designs.

Naturally, our ancestors had horns made of cow horns and pipes made of wood. Craftsmen could extract sounds even from a saw blade and a scythe blade, but this is more likely from the field of musical eccentricity. The main stringed instrument of the Russian people is the harp, used in Rus' since time immemorial. The balalaika also belongs to the plucked string instruments, with all the simplicity of the device, virtuosos perform any melodies on them. Finally, the Russian accordion has been the main folk instrument for a long time.

String instruments of different peoples are visually similar, but the progenitor of all stringed instruments, the Scythian harp, differs from other relatives. It does not yet have a resonating body and neck, and a common feature is the way to extract sounds by plucking the strings with your fingers.

Plucked string instruments developed from the ancient lyre and harp to the lute, domra, mandolin, balalaika and guitar, which has retained the greatest popularity to this day. Harpsichords, piano and piano are also related to plucked stringed percussion instruments on strings, for which they came up with keys with a drive system.

In the updated exposition, the European section is replenished with instruments of Belarusians and Ukrainians, Moldovans and the Baltic peoples. As before, the instruments of the Mediterranean and Scandinavian countries, Central and Eastern Europe are widely represented. String instruments are exhibited both plucked and bowed, with different forms of resonating body and bow arrangement. The simplest xylophones represent a group of percussion instruments.

Several modifications feature bagpipes, which are generally considered Scottish and Irish traditional instruments. This is true, but other nations also used a similar device with air fur and pipes with reed formation of sounds. These are the French Musette, the Portuguese Gaita, the Duda and the Dudeizac of the countries of Eastern Europe.

Musical instruments of Eastern countries

The countries of the East were the first to invent bows for extracting sounds from stretched strings, historians consider the musicians who lived in the territory of present-day Uzbekistan to be the pioneers. From here the bows came to China and India, to the Arab countries and from them to the Pyrenees. A pastoral violin with three strings - a rabel, as well as a viola with a large number of strings. The latter were later supplanted by violins and their larger relatives. Oriental stringed instruments often feature longer necks, although there are also designs with short ones.

The wind and percussion instruments of the Eastern peoples are distinguished by a great variety. For brass, bamboo trunks and other hollow stems of plants were often used. Percussion instruments were also made from tree trunks, hollowing out the core. Dressed animal skins stretched over frames made of various materials were also used. In addition to stationary drums, hand drums such as tambourines, sometimes supplemented by bells, were popular.

The Japanese originality of national clothes is much more striking than the differences between Japanese musical instruments and all others. The percussion instruments of the Japanese were usually located on figured stands, different materials were used for the cases, even porcelain and other ceramics. String and wind instruments have forms close to traditional for other nations, and it is difficult to invent something different in these areas.

Eastern countries used a variety of materials to make musical instruments, from stone, wood and metal to silk, leather and even hollowed-out gourd shells. Local craftsmen paid special attention to the external design of their products, their decorative appeal.

Painting and carving, traditional for every nation, also adorned musical instruments, it is by these elements that it is easiest to identify xylophones, drums and other instruments from those belonging to the culture of other countries.

Ancient violin workshop in the Glinka Museum

The creation of violins and other bowed instruments has long been and is now a work of great complexity. The preparation of wood for various parts and parts of tools required the possession of many technological operations - cutting and drilling, measurements and various methods of joining parts. The tools and devices necessary for these works are presented on the workbench of the violin maker in the recreated interior of the workshop for the manufacture of musical instruments.

Violin makers could make a product of any size, from violin and viola to cello and giant double bass. The violin could also be both classical sizes and half or even four times smaller.

In the restored room at the Glinka Museum, you can see all the stages of making instruments, from a wooden board to a finished violin or cello. You can consider all the components - the front and back deck and the shell connecting them, the neck with the neck and the jumper for laying the strings.

Classical musical instruments of the Glinka Museum

The instruments used by contemporary musicians are presented to the visitors of the Glinka Museum in several expositions. The components of symphony and brass bands, accessories of musical ensembles of various composition are exhibited. Strings - bowed and keyboards coexist with wind, wood and brass.

One of the museum corners contains genuine treasures - a concert harp and a collectible piano for home use. The perfectly balanced harp is stable on its small base, the precious wood resonator is in harmony with the gilding of the column and neck, the shape of which is especially whimsical and attractive.

Showcases of bowed instruments are located on the sides of the painting depicting the greatest master of the Genoese violin player Niccolò Paganini. It was this violinist and composer who developed the technique of playing the violin, which has remained almost unchanged to this day.

In addition to the violin, Paganini also impeccably owned the mandolin and guitar. The great performer's own compositions, written both for violin and guitar, are popular. The world's most popular violin competition is held annually in Paganini's homeland, Genoa, Italy.

The showcase of classical wind instruments shows them in order of increasing size, with the varieties of wood instruments on display first, followed by brass ones. Such a division has been preserved since ancient times and now does not correspond to reality - the flutes, clarinets, oboes and bassoons included in the group of wooden flutes can be made not only from wood. They can be plastic and metal, flutes - even glass. Attributed by musicologists to the wooden one according to the principle of operation, the saxophone, which had no ancient analogues, was always made of metal.

On the other hand, copper tools were made only from this metal only at the dawn of the development of metallurgy, now copper alloys or silver are used. The group of brass instruments includes trumpet, horn, trombone and tuba. The tools of this series are of increasing size and complexity of the device. The trombone stands somewhat apart, having a movable rocker for a smooth change in pitch.

Almost all wind instruments are included, in addition to brass bands, in symphony orchestras and ensembles. Dixielands and jazz groups also use them.

The combination of stretched strings and percussion mechanisms controlled by the keyboard is typical for concert musical instruments, which include pianos, grand pianos and pianos. Some experts consider the grand piano and piano as varieties of the piano, which differ in the horizontal or vertical arrangement of the strings.

Since the middle of the last century, only grand pianos and pianos have been produced, traditional pianos, which have less expressive possibilities due to the shorter string length, have gone down in history. Grand pianos are mainly used in concert activities as a vocal accompaniment instrument or independently, pianos - for home or chamber music.

Demonstrated in the Glinka Museum and the predecessors of the current keyboard instruments, both string and reed. Strings include percussion clavichord and plucked harpsichord, and reed harmoniums are related to harmonicas, button accordions and accordions. The first instrument with air bellows was the table harmonica of Kirchner, a Czech who worked in Russia. Unlike it and the hand instruments we are accustomed to, the bellows at the harmonium were driven by foot pedals.

From barrel organ to synthesizer

The last hall of the Glinka Museum presents several instruments that are not part of ensembles and orchestras, ancient means of reproducing recorded sounds. Here are unique exhibits, quite rare in the collections of museums and individuals. Among them stands out the hurdy-gurdy, about which many have heard, but not all visitors have seen.

The tool according to the device is a small organ, air injection and the operation of the sound mechanism are provided by rotating the handle on the body. Barrel-organs were used by wandering musicians, their sounds accompanied the performances of farce circus artists.

The creation of the first sound recording and reproducing devices has a specific pioneer, he was the famous inventor Edison. The phonograph he designed in 1877 ensured the recording and reproduction of sounds with a sharp needle on a roller wrapped in tin foil or waxed paper.

Recording on a flat round plate was invented by Berliner; sound was reproduced by devices with an external horn - a gramophone. Devices with a horn hidden in the case were produced by Pate, hence the name of the gramophone. Further progress in sound recording was rapid: magnetic tapes, laser discs, high quality digital sound recordings.

A rare photoelectronic sound synthesizer ANS, named after the initials of the great composer Scriabin, was invented by Russian Murzin in the late 30s of the last century, and was made only in 1963. The unusual sounds of this device can be remembered by the audience of science fiction films by Tarkovsky and Gaidai's Diamond Hand.

The music on it was created by the composer without writing notes and involving the orchestra. Synthesizers also developed rapidly, with the invention of transistors, they became compact and affordable. Now synthesizers have all the musical groups of various genres.

Another notable exhibit of the Glinka Museum was the giant drum kit of the musician and composer, tireless experimenter R. Shafi. Manual control of such a complex complex of drums and drums is clearly impossible,

Shafi invented a unique control pedal Serpent Gorynych, which, due to the number of serviced instruments, got into the Guinness Book. There are other interesting exhibits in this section, including personal instruments of famous musicians.

A visit to the Glinka Museum may seem optional after a story about him, but such an impression is extremely erroneous. There are many interesting things here that are difficult to describe in a cursory review, there are new interesting forms of working with visitors. Visiting here is informative and interesting for people with any level of interest and understanding of music, after visiting this interest will definitely increase.

Named after Glinka is one of the largest treasuries, which presents monuments of musical art. It has no analogues in the world.

general information

The museum stores not only literary and musical manuscripts, but also many studies, as well as rare books. The collection contains autographs and letters, various documents related to the work of famous cultural figures, both Russian and foreign.

Of particular interest are the musical instruments of many peoples of the world. In 2010, the State Collection handed over to the Museum the largest collection of works by masters from different eras. Among them are masterpieces made by A. Stradivari, representatives of the Amati and Guarneri families. The Glinka Musical Museum is proud of the oldest organs installed within its walls, including works by F. Ladegast.

Main job

There are permanent exhibitions here. Concerts-dialogues, excursions and recording evenings are organized upon prior request. Those who wish can attend interactive classes, as well as educational children's holidays.

Story

The beginning of the Museum of Musical Culture. Glinka takes from the Moscow Conservatory. It was here that from the first moment of its existence, enthusiasts began to collect, on their own initiative, rare musical materials - documents and autographs, as well as manuscripts and instruments, which became the basis of today's collection.

On March 11, 1912, within the walls of a small hall next to the library of the conservatory, the Museum was opened. N.G. Rubinstein. It was dedicated to the memory of this outstanding musical figure, who was especially loved by the capital's audience. It was Rubinstein who founded the conservatory and the Moscow branch of the Russian Musical Society. Documents of the IRMS, rare tools and books, his personal belongings, as well as letters and autographs were concentrated here.

Changes

Throughout its short history, the Glinka Museum has experienced both times of growth and difficult stages when, being in complete oblivion, it was on the verge of closing. For almost three decades, he played the role of a service department at the Moscow Conservatory. These were the functions of a kind of educational library, since the employees were mainly engaged only in storage and, to a very small extent, in the acquisition of new exhibits.

At the end of the thirties of the last century, on the eve of the celebration of the 75th anniversary of the Moscow Conservatory, the nature of the museum's activities changed dramatically. His collection began to grow at a rapid pace, the exhibition direction of work became noticeably more active, and the research side of the funds was popularized.

In 1941, on the basis of the conservatory division, by decision of Stalin, the Central Museum of Musical Culture was created. And already in 1943 he was given the status of a state institution. From that moment on, the GTsMMK not only began to gain great popularity, but also received its special place.

It was then, in the mid-forties, that Rubinstein's name for some reason disappeared from the official name of the museum. And already in 1954, on the anniversary of M.I. Glinka, he was named after the great composer.

Confession

Gradually, year after year, both the structure and direction of work began to take shape. The works published by the Glinka Museum were widely disseminated and became part of general cultural use. Thanks to the source studies, this cultural center began to acquire the status of a research center. However, the Glinka Museum officially received it only in 1974. But despite the fact that this happened with some delay, nothing could prevent the employees devoted to their favorite work from engaging in scientific activities.

Throughout its history, the Glinka Museum in Moscow has changed its address twice. After the territory of the conservatory, for almost two decades it was located in a beautiful old mansion - in the chambers that belonged to the boyars Troyekurovs. This building was located in Georgievsky Lane: it was well known to the native Muscovites. But since the beginning of the 1980s, the Museum of Musical Culture. Glinka finally acquired his final home: a building was built especially for him along Fadeeva Street.

Collection of Records

Currently, it is called one of the world's largest funds of musical culture. Its collections include about one million items, which cover all the components of musical culture. Here you can see not only the author's manuscripts, but also autographs and photographs depicting the most famous cultural figures.

The Glinka Museum has both a huge collection of musical instruments from various eras, as well as audio and video recordings of works of all genres and types, from classical, including modern, to folk.

The very first Russian gramophone records are also located here. There are about sixty thousand of them. The first issues of Gramophone and Zonofon, Pate and Metropol are also shown. There are many publications of the Soviet period, which were produced by the Melodiya company, as well as leading foreign musical organizations.

The Glinka Museum on Fadeev Street is a place where manuscripts of composers' works are kept. Among them are such masters as Glazunov, Rachmaninov, Shostakovich, Grechaninov and many others. These amazing documents are perfectly preserved. They are available for viewing, so everyone who visits the Glinka Museum can admire them.

It also has its own recording studio, which is equipped with modern equipment. Musicians from various directions come to the Museum to record their works.

Subdivisions

The composition of the All-Russian Museum of Musical Culture. Glinka, in addition to the main building located on Fadeev Street, today also includes branches. These departments are located in the center of the capital. Many of its inhabitants - fans of music - know about them. This is the memorial estate of Prokofiev, “P. Tchaikovsky and Moscow”, the apartments of A. Goldenweiser and N. Golovanov, as well as the House-Museum, which is still under construction.

In 1995, by decree of the President of the Russian Federation, the Glinka Museum was included in the State Code, which includes especially valuable objects of cultural heritage.

Educational work

Its researchers conduct about twenty subscription cycles of lectures-concerts, educational courses for visitors of different ages and levels of knowledge. There is a separate program for the development of children - instruments with musical inserts, stories about their origin and history of creation.

Thematic exhibitions can be viewed not only by visiting the Glinka Museum on Fadeev Street or other metropolitan branches, but also in other cities of the country and abroad, where collections are constantly brought.

Employees prepare and publish music and text publications, carry out work for the publication of music and scientific research.

The Glinka Museum holds not only musical concerts and exhibitions. Since 2007, the Moscow Opera Club has been operating here. At first it was opened at the Museum of Cinema, then moved to the Theater Hall named after A. A. Bakhrushin, and since 2007 it has firmly settled within the walls of the Museum named after M. Glinka. The club's programs are devoted to a very specific topic: these are biographies of composers or singers, or opera schools. As part of its activities, seminars are held, in which foreign performers, musicians and musicologists take part.

Main expositions

The Glinka Museum has a unique collection of instruments, one third of which is on display. Five of its halls, decorated in individual colors, present to the attention of visitors more than nine hundred traditional and professional exhibits. Here are collected the instruments of both the peoples of Russia and almost all countries of Europe, Asia, America, Africa and Australia.

In the first hall, visitors can see Russians. Here you can admire the unique gusli, presumably made in the thirteenth and fourteenth centuries. They were found during archaeological excavations in ancient Novgorod. After the restoration of their lost fragments, these unique finds took their place of honor. Copies from nozzles and horns are also presented here: their fragments were also found during excavations.

In the showcase of another hall, which presents the instruments of the states neighboring our country, there is the oldest collection, which the Musical Museum named after. Glinka. This is a collection of thirty-six musical instruments that were played by the peoples of Central Asia. It was assembled by August Eichhorn, Kapellmeister of the Turkestan Military District.

Another amazing exhibit is the Chinese small mouth organ "sheng", which was created, according to researchers, back in the second millennium BC. Other instruments - a Vietnamese monochord adorned with filigree mother-of-pearl inlay, as well as a nineteenth-century Irish harp - are always of great interest to visitors. Here you can also see the Scottish bagpipes and the Japanese string “koto”, which girls from aristocratic families should have been able to play, the Indian “guilt”, as well as African tam-tams, the membranes of which are made of animal skins.

: 55°46′28.2″ N sh. 37°35′58.91″ E d. / 55.7745° N sh. 37.599697° E d.(G) (O) (I) 55.7745 , 37.599697

All-Russian Museum Association of Musical Culture. M.I. Glinka (VMOMK named after M.I. Glinka)- museum association, which includes branches throughout Moscow. Postal address: 125047, Moscow, Fadeeva street, 4.

The museum is a complex of the main building and several branches that serve as storage facilities for valuable exhibits and a research and educational institution for musical culture.

For a long time, 1938-1984, the director of the museum was the singer and musicologist Ekaterina Nikolaevna Alekseeva.

In early 1995, by decree of the President of the Russian Federation, the Museum was included in the State Register of Especially Valuable Objects of Cultural Heritage of the Peoples of the Russian Federation.

Based on the order of the Ministry of Culture of the Russian Federation No. 921 dated September 9, 2011, the name of the State Central Museum of Musical Culture named after M.I. Glinka was changed to ALL-RUSSIAN MUSEUM ASSOCIATION OF MUSICAL CULTURE named after M.I. Glinka

The history of the creation of the museum

The history of the museum is described on its official website. The foundations of the museum were laid by the Moscow Conservatory, where manuscripts, musical notes, scores, personal belongings of musicians, their musical instruments, photographs from musical performances gradually accumulated over many years. After the death of her husband, the wife of Prince V.F. Odoevsky donated his extensive library, an archive with recordings of folk songs, materials on ancient Russian chants, music theory, a collection of musical instruments, including an untempered piano made by order of the prince. In the late 1880s, musical instruments of the peoples of Central Asia and Kazakhstan were purchased from A.F. Eikhhorn, who served in 1870-1883 as bandmaster of Russian military orchestras in Tashkent. Gradually, a vast fund gathered, growing more and more.

Unique things, documents required special storage. Of these and other exhibits of the conservatory in March 1912, the Museum named after N. G. Rubinstein at the Moscow Conservatory was solemnly opened. The name of Nikolai Grigoryevich Rubinstein was not given to the museum by chance - he was a major Russian musician, founder of the Moscow Conservatory and its first director.

Since the end of the 1930s, so many funds have accumulated that their thorough systematization and classification have already been required.

Even during the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945. the Conservatory Museum was not evacuated, continued to work.

The museum was located at the conservatory for many years, gaining independence in 1943 and receiving a new name: the State Central Museum of Musical Culture. A few years later, in 1954, in connection with the 150th anniversary of the birth of M. I. Glinka, the museum was named after him.

In 1964, the Museum of Musical Culture was located in the Troekurov Chambers (Georgievsky lane, 4), where it existed until 1980, when the construction of a new museum building with a concert hall was completed, in which an organ of the German company Schuke (Potsdam) was installed.

Since 1985, the museum began to open permanent exhibitions.

Branches

Currently, the museum has six branches:

Funds

The museum currently has the world's largest fund of musical culture, numbering about 1,000,000 items and covering all the components of the concept of "musical culture". These are author's manuscripts, and archives of musicians of different times, and autographs, and photographs of musical figures - both portraits and scenes from performances - and musical instruments of various eras, and audio and video recordings of musical works of all types and genres, from classical to folk and modern rhythmic - in the section of photographic documents there are currently about 89,000 items of storage. The first Russian gramophone records (about 60,000 storage units) are also stored here, produced by the Gramophone, Zonofon, Pate, Metropol companies, and publications of the Soviet period (Melodiya company), and leading foreign companies.

Many composers donated manuscripts of their works to the Museum, among them S. V. Rakhmaninov, A. K. Glazunov, A. T. Grechaninov, D. D. Shostakovich and others. These unique documents are preserved, accessible, and can be seen.

In addition, the museum has a research department called "We are looking for ...", which searches for missing manuscripts, scores and everything related to music.

The museum has a recording studio equipped with modern equipment and used by musicians of various directions.

Scientific and educational activities

Research staff conduct more than 20 subscription cycles of concerts, concert lectures, educational lectures for visitors of various ages and levels of musical knowledge. There is a separate program for the musical development of children (a series of lectures with musical inserts, a demonstration of musical instruments, a story about their origin and history). A cycle of concert programs under the general name "For the whole family" is being developed.

Thematic exhibitions are shown not only in the halls of the hospital, but also in other cities of the country and abroad.

The museum publishes music and text publications, holds music concerts, and works on publications of music and scientific research.

The museum organizes listening to the recordings of the music library, holds music concerts, holds exhibitions, expositions, lectures, since 2007 there has been a Moscow Opera Club, which first opened in November 1989 at the Museum of Cinema, then moved to the Theater Museum named after A. A. Bakhrushin , and since 2007 he has firmly settled in the Glinka Museum of Musical Culture. The programs of the Opera Club are devoted to a specific topic: the biography of a composer or singer, a musical direction or an opera school. The Opera Club also hosts seminars with the participation of foreign performers, musicians and musicologists.

As part of the International Competition P. I. Tchaikovsky in the Museum once every four years International competitions of violin makers are held.

Notes

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