How to get a subsidy for small business. Guarantee under credit and leasing agreements

Starting a business involves a significant financial investment. If it is difficult for an entrepreneur to accumulate the required amount of funds, he can resort to the help of the state or private individuals. There are special programs to stimulate business development. To participate in them, you must meet a number of conditions.

Who can receive grants

To whom are grants given? It depends on the specific program. However, in most cases it is the following list of persons:

The entrepreneur is unemployed, he is registered with the employment center.
Entrepreneurs who already have a business, but want to expand it.

Funds provided under the program must be spent on the basis of a previously prepared business plan.

Foreign grants are usually given to those individuals who have previously successfully participated in programs. State programs, as a rule, are intended for beginner entrepreneurs. Preference is given to these categories of persons:

University graduates.
Professionals who have been made redundant.
Employees subject to layoffs.
Single mothers.
Persons with disabilities.

That is, grants are provided to the most vulnerable citizens. However, other citizens may also be eligible for the program:

Individuals who already have a business that has been operating for at least a year.
Persons who are developers of innovative technology.
People who have signed a leasing agreement for the purchase of equipment.
Entrepreneurs participating in exhibitions and fairs.

If an entrepreneur expects to receive a grant, when starting a business, he can focus on exactly which areas usually receive funding. 30% of the grants are for service businesses. The state usually finances projects in the following areas:

Agriculture.
Education and science.
Production.
Subjects, the introduction of which creates new jobs.

Foreign funds prefer these areas:

Ecology.
Culture.
Economy.

FOR YOUR INFORMATION! The more the entrepreneur's business fits the preferences of the fund, the more likely it is to receive a grant. Experts believe that educational courses, marketing agencies, auto repair shops and other service providers have the greatest chances for funding.

The procedure for obtaining a grant

What do you need to do to get a grant? You need to go through three steps:

Studying the requirements of a particular fund.
Submission of an application.
Preparation of documents.

Let's consider all these stages in more detail.

Requirements for applicants

Consider the requirements that are usually placed on applicants:

Submission of a correctly completed application.
Business project protection.
Implementation of the project in accordance with previously developed documentation.
Providing a report on the spent funds.

The grant holder should pay special attention to business project development and reporting. The first will allow you to receive funding, the second - to correctly account for the money provided.

Deadline for consideration of applications

The timing of consideration of applications depends on which grant the entrepreneur is applying for. They can vary from a month to a year. You can find out about current grants and terms at the Center for Enterprise Development or at the Ministry of Economic Development.

Documenting

To receive a grant, you need to prepare documents such as:

Application.
Entrepreneur's questionnaire and a copy of the passport.
Evidence that the person knows the basics of entrepreneurial activity (for example, certificate of completion of courses, diploma of higher education).
IP registration certificate.
A document confirming the payment of taxes.
A paper stating that a person creates jobs.
A business plan, each item of which is rational and justified.

This is a general list of documents. The Fund may require additional paperwork.

When applying to the fund, you should consider these recommendations:

Sometimes an entrepreneur is denied funding due to the fact that too little amount is indicated in the application. Therefore, it is recommended to overestimate it. When determining the required amount, you need to take into account the size of the commission.
It should be borne in mind that financing is usually carried out in installments. We need to think about how this or that part of the funds will be spent.
Even if the entrepreneur wins the competition, it must be taken into account that the funds will actually be issued only after 2-12 months.

In order to increase the chances of financing, the potential requirements of investors must be taken into account.

How the committee decides on funding

A special commission is formed to consider applications. Its representatives check the submitted documents and the business plan. To be approved, a plan must meet these characteristics:

Required financial indicators and their rational justification.
A description that the investment will actually work.
Presentation of information in such a way that the commission understands the prospects for business development, its profitability.
Indication of directions of financing.
An indication that the entrepreneur is going to create jobs. The more jobs it creates, the more likely it is to receive subsidies. This is due to the fact that the state is fighting unemployment, and therefore provides funds primarily to those entities that will allow the unemployed to find jobs.

Receiving a grant does not mean that the business will be opened solely on the funds provided. An entrepreneur must also have his own capital. It is desirable that it be approximately 2 times the amount of the subsidy.

When an entrepreneur is denied funding

Full compliance with all conditions is not a guarantee of receiving a subsidy. The commission may refuse for these reasons:

The entrepreneur has already worked in this field of activity, but his experience was negative.
The person has been seen in the past for misappropriation of grant funds.
An entrepreneur opens a business in an area that is not subject to government funding.

Some areas of business activity are not financed. This is due to the fact that they are not considered socially significant, do not stimulate the economic state of the region. For example, these are the following entities:

Credit organizations, investment funds, pawnshops.
Organizations dealing with currency.
Lottery and betting firms.
A company that manufactures goods subject to excise taxes.

It makes no sense to require subsidies for such enterprises.

Where can I get a grant in 2018

State subsidies are provided by these entities:

Small Business Development Committee.
Economic Development Committee.
Municipalities.
industry committees.
Department of Entrepreneurship.
Foundation for the Promotion of Small Businesses in the Scientific and Technical Sphere.

An entrepreneur can also apply to private funds. For example, young startups are funded by Pavel Durov, Yuri Milner. The funds are allocated by the Skolkovo Foundation. It provides from 5 to 150,000,000 rubles for scientific developments in the field of space technology and biomedicine. IT startups are funded by Bill Gates. However, to receive foreign funds, you need to meet rather stringent requirements.

Recently, the word "subsidy" has gained high popularity.

Increasingly, people use it, while implying only a narrow circle of areas where a subsidy can be applied. Many are sure that this is just an opportunity for low-income citizens to receive some assistance from the state in paying utility bills.

Beginning entrepreneurs often do not even think that the state can pay under the same conditions as ordinary citizens, namely - without requiring a return.

It is hard to believe that a small business subsidy is not a loan and does not need to be repaid. Moreover, this is not even an investment, and no one will require a percentage of the profit from the entrepreneur.

The state is interested in business flourishing, as new enterprises not only increase the productivity of the region, but also create new jobs. But still, it will be necessary to prove this with calculations and facts, presenting information in the form of an intelligent business plan.

Given that this money will not be required back, there are many who want to get such financial assistance.

Therefore, in addition to a well-designed plan, there are a number of conditions under which this amount will be accrued. And yet there are certain circumstances in which the state still has the right to demand a return.

1. Conditions for obtaining a subsidy for small businesses

Despite the fact that this assistance is required by law, not everyone can get it. This would be at least disadvantageous for the state and the employment service.

In the event that an entrepreneur applies for a subsidy, it must be drawn up correctly, calculations must be made to the smallest detail, and all expenses must be confirmed.

But even if all the conditions are met, there is a list of requirements for who can receive funds for the development of small businesses from the state.

Requirements for a candidate who applies for a small business grant

Age from 18 years old (adult).
Under retirement age (does not receive a pension).
Must be in the employment center.
Not an active business owner.
Does not receive payments from the state (disabled, etc.).
Not on parental leave (women on maternity leave).
If students, then distance learning (not a hospital).
Not registered with law enforcement agencies, in custody or under investigation.

2. What are the types of subsidies?

Existing subsidy programs for small businesses in Russia differ only in their purpose. The amount of payments and selection criteria differ among themselves based on which industry the given type of activity belongs to.

The following sectors are most advantageous for the state:

agriculture (livestock, etc.);
production activity;
activities aimed at the social development of the country;
scientific activity.

It is worth considering the fact that in different regions and regions of the country there are completely different industries that need to be developed.

It makes no sense to hope for a big help in the development of the production of packaging materials, if there are already a sufficient number of plants in the region that fully satisfy the demand for their products.

For example, in the city of Moscow, the maximum subsidy amount for one individual entrepreneur will be up to 300,000 rubles, and then only if all conditions are met to the maximum. On average, the amount you can hope for will be about 60,000 rubles.

Before addressing the question of if an entrepreneur is hoping for a subsidy, you need to carefully examine in which areas there are “gaps” in your region.

Local employment centers will gladly help close them, while providing jobs for people who have the right skills and education.

Also, there is a concept as a subsidy for participation in a specialized exhibition .

This means that the individual entrepreneurs return the amount that was spent to take part in the event, according to their profile of activity. But such assistance cannot be more than 70% of the money spent, and also not more than 300,000 rubles.

Sometimes, the help of public services lies in the fact that it returns part of the amount of interest on a loan that was issued to a small business organization (no more than 5,000,000 rubles). In this case, the amount of the loan itself is not compensated.

It is also important that the loan agreement should indicate what the funds are going for, since these cannot be cars, or working capital of the enterprise.

Another type of subsidy calculate partial refund of lease payments . Since, in this case, it is also possible to demand assistance from the state in the amount of up to 30%, within 5 million rubles.

3. How do I register with the Jobcenter for the Small Business Grant?

Since it is clear from the above that there is no way without an employment service, it will be necessary to register with them. You must visit the center that corresponds to the place of residence, taking with you a stack of certain papers. You can find the address you need here - https://trudvsem.ru/czn.

These are the following documents:

Passport of a citizen of the Russian Federation.
Tax identification number.
Diploma of graduation from educational institutions (if there is a higher / secondary specialized education, then about graduation, if not, then about finishing school).
Labor book.
Documents from the last place of work (optional).

A more detailed list of the documents they require can be found at the information boards in the very center you visited, or on the website ( https://trudvsem.ru)

Organizations may send a registered person for multiple interviews. He has no right to refuse them. Therefore, before carrying out your small business development plan, you will have to visit several jobs.

It is important to know: in the event that a registered citizen refused the vacancies provided to him (did not come for an interview), he can apply again only 10 days after the refusal, after which he will again be offered several vacancies.

4. How to draw up a business plan in order to receive a subsidy?

When creating a development plan for your small business, which is needed to receive a subsidy, you must take into account all the requirements of the state. This means that in addition to the standard set of documents and calculations, you need to provide something that indicates the seriousness of intentions.

The business plan should include the following parts:

Information about .
Type of activity and goals of the company (Charter).
Entrepreneurial activity codes OKVED.
Field research (supply and demand).
Marketing research.
Agreement for the lease or purchase of premises.
Contract with suppliers of raw materials and equipment.
Enterprise funds (current and non-current).
Possible markets.
The number of jobs created.
Calculation of expenses for the enterprise.
Approximate calculation of income and net profit.
Payback periods.
The amount of investment needed.

This list can continue depending on what exactly the company will do. Obviously, in the case of production, additional licenses will need to be provided.

In general, one can understand from the outset whether this small business is beneficial for the state in order to determine whether it is worth counting on a subsidy or not.

What details of the business plan will reduce the chance of receiving a subsidy for a small business?

An inaccurate amount of necessary investments in the business is indicated.

You should not round it up to an even number, as this can cause a distrustful attitude on the part of any investor.

Small plan business development indicates a frivolous attitude to the project. You should not even try to promote a small business project with a plan of up to 20 pages.
Absence in terms of tables with calculations, graphs and studies, as well as any other evidence that at least some work has been done.

5. Features when receiving a subsidy for small businesses

a) In what situations will you have to return the funds to the state?

Receiving a subsidy occurs on an absolutely free basis, but, nevertheless, there are certain conditions, or rather exceptions, in which you may be required to return the funds issued.

Their list includes such cases:

not spent during the first year (if not the full amount of the payment is spent, then the balance must be returned);
the necessary documents were not provided to confirm the targeted spending of money;
missed deadlines for submission of all reports;
misappropriation.

What cases are considered to be the intended use?

For the purchase of production equipment.
For raw materials and materials for the manufacture of products.
Purchase of blanks.
Acquisition or lease of premises for production.

b) What increases the likelihood of receiving a subsidy?

Business means creating new jobs. The more employees you need, the more likely you are to receive a subsidy.
The chances are higher if your small business offers a high income to specialists in various fields.
If this is a production or scientific activity, the purpose of which is the manufacture of innovative products.
If an entrepreneur contributes a large amount of personal funds to a small business.
Provision of partnership agreements or contracts with suppliers, landlords, etc. for a long period.
The entrepreneur has experience in the field in which he plans to open a business.
The idea has a high profitability, since, in this case, all the invested funds will return to the state under the guise of taxes paid.

6. Positive moments and disadvantages in obtaining a subsidy for small businesses in Russia

If such a phenomenon as a subsidy had only a positive side, more and more entrepreneurs would turn to the state instead of looking for investors and taking out loans for business.

But everyone who has ever encountered public services (even if it is a polyclinic) understands that this is all bureaucracy, which has a number of nuances.

Instead of just registering a business and starting to implement plans, it will be necessary to go through a long chain of employees of the employment center, who will send them to each other several times.

All this takes a lot of time + you will need to collect many different documents, certificates and seals, an approximate list of which you saw above.

Do not forget that not every business will receive, but only that which will benefit the state.

However, there is a bright side: the money will not have to be returned if you spend it on your small business for its intended purpose. And this is a significant plus, because not a single hundred firms were "ruined" due to lack of funds to pay huge loans or invest in development.

If you have the time and desire to get it right, the small business subsidy option can be a huge help.

7. Options for finding investments other than subsidies

Have you been "under the distribution" of subsidies for small businesses? Do not rush to get upset. After all, there are investors who are looking for a startup in which they can invest money in order to make a profit in the future.

Let this method of obtaining funds for business not operate free of charge, but there are no such strict requirements and restrictions + conditions are more loyal than when obtaining the same loan from a bank. All you need to do for this is to provide an interesting idea and a competent business plan.

Here are some of the investment companies you should look out for:

Runa Capital is an international fund, knowledge of English is welcome ( http://www.runacap.com/),
"Almaz Capital" ( http://www.almazcapital.com/) – invest in IT,
resource "Investtalk" ( http://investtalk.ru/investori) and others.

Conclusion on the appropriateness of a subsidy for small businesses as an investment

It's obvious that small business subsidy will not fully cover the bulk of the costs for most business ideas. However, this will greatly simplify the task for a novice entrepreneur.

It is difficult to disagree with the fact that it is much more profitable than loans. At least, because a huge debt will not hang like a stone at the enterprise and slow it down in case of the slightest difficulties.

How to get free money for business from the state?

The diagram is very interesting, pay close attention:

But this option is only suitable if the entrepreneur has enough patience, time and effort. Otherwise, it is better to seek financial assistance from investors or find co-founders who are also ready to invest a significant part of the funds in this business.

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Five years ago, three friends decided to open a health and fitness center. There was no money for simulators or large-scale construction, but there was experience in coaching and confidence that the city needed such a center. Now they have two clubs in different parts of the city, and clients are on the waiting list. The grant support program helped make the dream come true: the girls managed to get 1.5 million rubles. In this article, we will tell you how to get grants for small businesses, and entrepreneurs will share their stories and tips.

How to decide on a business idea

There are no “win-win” ideas for obtaining a grant for business development. If you dream of starting your own business, study your competitors thoroughly. For example, when it comes to a coffee shop, visit several establishments, count the number of visitors per hour, estimate the average bill, find out the cost of rent, try to work in a cafe. If there is no entrepreneurial experience, it is easier to start in a well-known field. It can be a hobby or your professional competence.

Natalya Mantel,

We were the first to install decompression simulators in our city and began to introduce the kinesiology technique- the science of correct movement. Our clients are people with disorders in the functioning of the musculoskeletal system. Therefore, the main task is to help without harming.

"Cheer for those who are in pain."

Marina Matashkova,

The idea to open our own bakery has been in our family for several years. By education I am a technologist of bakery and confectionery products, I have been working in public catering all my life. That's why I can replace any employee- knead the dough, beat the cream for cakes, stand behind the counter. I think this is the strength of our business.

Who and how can receive a grant for business development A

The state is interested in the development of small and medium businesses. Therefore, grants are given to companies in the form of subsidies that do not need to be repaid. Business, in turn, creates products, new jobs, and pays taxes. It's like a snowball - such an increase in funds provides an opportunity to give grants again and again to the next generation of start-up entrepreneurs.

There are many programs to support start-up entrepreneurs, each region has its own. In the first three years of a company's existence, an entrepreneur can receive support at several levels.

Marina Matashkova, owner of the family bakery "Good bread"

Still on stage business plan, we painted in detail all the costs. For example, they laid the cost of accounting - our accounting is carried out by an outsourcing company, it is convenient and profitable. We pay for services from our own funds.

The cost of outsourcing services depends on the size of the company and the taxation system. You can learn more about the conditions and cost of accounting for individual entrepreneurs and LLCs.

Tatyana Lisovskaya,

We have a simplified taxation system, we also outsourced accounting and reporting.

To receive a grant from the state to support small businesses, as a rule, you need to provide the following documents:

statement;
a certificate from the tax office on the absence of debt;
extracts from the Unified State Register of Legal Entities (EGRIP);
a copy of the certificate of completion of courses for beginner entrepreneurs or, if the applicant has a higher legal or economic education, a copy of the diploma;
project business plan with cost estimates.

You can find out what grants for small business development are issued in your city in 2018.

The “survival rate” of grant recipient businesses: 2018 - 84%, 2012 - 36%.

How to determine how much money you need to start a business

A grant is not a solution to all the problems of a novice entrepreneur. In order to receive funds to open your business, you will have to prove that they are really needed and confirm your interest with your own investments. Usually it is from 10 to 20% of the grant amount.

Marina Matashkova, owner of the family bakery "Good bread"

A bakery is a business with a lot of investment in the initial stage. Premises rental, repair, communications, installation of fire alarms, purchase of equipment and furniture.

We had about 400 thousand rubles of our own savings, another 1 million 300 thousand we took on credit and 500 thousand received as a grant. The amount turned out to be considerable, but they still counted every ruble. We wrote the business plan in the spring, received a grant in the summer. Our stoves are Italian, their prices are in euros. During the coordination of documents and the competition itself, the cost of equipment increased, we had to make changes to the project, change suppliers. This amount, over two million, was enough for us just to open. We partially did the repairs with our own hands, but we ourselves figured out how to decorate the trading floor.

Tatyana Lisovskaya, owner of the knitwear studio "Oblaka"

When I was writing a business plan, the curators explained “You don’t need to get chairs”, that is, ask for exactly as much as you need. In 2017, when I received a grant to open my studio, its maximum amount was 500 thousand rubles. I considered that 350 thousand is enough for me to purchase knitting machines and rent a room. And I received this amount. That is, the business plan must be realistic.

"I knit without imposing." P production of knitwear studio "Oblaka"

Natalya Mantel, co-owner of the network of sports and recreation centers "Kinesis"

People are surprised when they find out that we received a grant of 1.5 million rubles for the opening of Kinesis. Although at that time the maximum amount of support for ordinary business was 300 thousand. Everything is very simple. We were three founders, each wrote his own project as part of the opening of one center: classes with adults with disorders in the musculoskeletal system, a children's direction in the same area, and a yoga and soft fitness studio. The first two points, as socially significant, received a double amount of support, that is, 600 thousand rubles each. That's the whole secret.

We have invested a lot of our efforts and resources. It can be said that they lived in these halls, they did the repairs with their own hands. For the first few months, they could not even afford to hire an administrator and a cleaner. After training, I picked up a mop and went to wash the floors.

Even after the business reaches a stable income, individual specialists can not be hired and thereby optimize costs. For example, the services of an accountant, personnel officer and lawyer can be obtained at a price lower than hiring one of these specialists.

How to spend a business development grant effectively, and what difficulties you may encounter

The number of applications is many times greater than the number of grants issued for LLCs and individual entrepreneurs. The commissions that decide to support start-up businessmen include not only officials, but also active entrepreneurs. They know from their own experience what services and goods the market needs at the moment. Experts advise applicants to set realistic goals and not to overestimate the planned indicators.

The Commission immediately sees whether the business has a chance to stand firmly on its feet. Now there is a trend that can be called "coming out of the shadows." It happens that a person tried to provide some services, saw that they were in demand, after a year and a half he registered as an individual entrepreneur and wrote a business plan with an application for a grant in order to reach a new level.

There are no restrictions for receiving a grant for business development, even by age. As soon as a citizen can register as an individual entrepreneur, and this is possible from the age of 16 with permission from his parents, he is eligible to apply for state support.

Marina Matashkova, owner of the family bakery "Good bread"

We must be prepared for difficulties. My husband and I thought that as soon as the bakery opened its doors, we would be able to breathe freely. It turned out that from that moment the main difficulties began. You must be included in the process around the clock and seven days a week. The first time to go home at 23 o'clock was happiness, while my working day began at 4:30 when I came to the bakery and kneaded the dough so that at 8 in the morning customers could already come in for hot bread and buns. Then we could afford to hire bakers and a salesman. Now I come to the bakery later - by 6 am.

Since August 1st, we have closed our doors for only one day, September 2nd. We just slept through the day from exhaustion. Customers were warned in advance, but they were still upset that they could not buy fresh hot bread.

"We care about people." Products of the family bakery "Good bread"

Tatyana Lisovskaya, owner of the knitwear studio "Oblaka"

A smile on the buyer's face is what gives strength. When I see that a person likes the thing that I knitted for him, I understand that ready to work from early morning until late at night. There are more and more clients who appreciate unique author's things. People are tired of consumer goods and want to wear beautiful, extraordinary things.

Natalya Mantel, co-owner of the network of sports and recreation centers "Kinesis"

Our clients are people with health problems. As sad as it may sound, there are more of them every year. We move little, lead a sedentary lifestyle, working late at the office and moving by car. Think, The secret to the success of Kinesis lies in the following:

we were the first in the city who began to develop this direction;

there were three of us;

we believed in our cause, despite the fact that our loved ones tried to stop us;

we were ready to work from morning to evening;

we did everything ourselves.

You create your own success. If you are charged with the right idea, no difficulties will stop you!

Sports and fitness center "Kinesis"

What is important to consider: grants are not without accountability

A grant for the development of small businesses is not only help from the state, but also a responsibility. For each penny of the grant spent, your company must report, justify each indicator achieved or not achieved. Otherwise, the grantee may be required to return the money. Spending funds for purposes other than those stated in the project is unacceptable. Responsibility - up to criminal.

Artem Maryshev, Head of the Entrepreneurship Support Center of the Murmansk Region

How successful a business will be is difficult to predict with 100% certainty. This is always a risk area. Members of the grant distribution commission evaluate the relevance of the project, the demand on the market, and even the personality of the applicant, how passionate he is about his own idea.

Subsequently, this self-confidence and a real view of things will help the businessman achieve the stated indicators.If the business does not reach the planned level, the members of the commission invite the entrepreneur to a dialogue, help to find a way out, give recommendations.

Reporting forms for all grants are different, but as a rule, it is not difficult to fill in these tables. They compare the planned indicators and those that the individual entrepreneur or LLC has achieved in reality.

Marina Matashkova, owner of the family bakery "Good bread"

Whether you apply for a grant or not, before starting your own business I advise you to write a business plan. The project that we drew up for the first year of operation allowed us to get to know our company in all its details. To see where, when and what kind of expenses we will have, how much income will be approximately and how they can be increased.

We wrote a "business plan in reverse". That is, they deliberately overestimated the likely costs and underestimated the income. There are no golden mountains in our project, but there are real numbers. Comparing the planned and achieved indicators, we understand how the work is going and see our prospects. Production cannot be unprofitable if it is built correctly. Don't be afraid to take risks, leave your job if you want to dedicate your life to the Cause of Dreams!

Natalya Mantel:

To be successful in business, you must know your business inside and out. When the manager is a professional, then the staff will strive to achieve the best results. I am proud that in the 5 years of existence of our clubs, I almost never had to lay off employees. We rarely write statements and for very good reasons. For example, when a person moves to another region. I myself still conduct training, clients have been coming to me for years. Our trainers regularly go to training, we bring specialists in new techniques. Without constant development, business has no future.

Three months of accounting, personnel records and legal support for FREE. Hurry, the offer is limited.

Entrepreneurial activity is a rather complicated and labor-intensive way of making money. A person who is in business has to solve problems of various kinds. They may be related to technical, domestic, social and financial issues.

It is a well-known fact that private business requires investments, especially at the stage of formation. One of the tasks of a person who is engaged in entrepreneurial activity is Finding and raising finance for your business.

Potential recipient

People who are currently unemployed can count on receiving a grant. Moreover, this status must be officially confirmed, that is, a person must be registered with the employment center.

What is the difference between a grant and a subsidy?

A grant differs from a subsidy in that they have different sizes and are issued by different structures. Usually, the subsidy goes to the entrepreneur entirely, and the grant - in several stages or, in another way, tranches. If the funding comes from a foundation, then the entrepreneur will need to submit reports on the purposes for which the money was spent.

The organization that finances the entrepreneur can itself purchase the necessary goods. A grant can be issued several times if the company that received it has proven itself well and has positive development indicators. In the case when the use of funds did not bring any result, then, most likely, the next financing will be denied.

Grants may be provided by the state or private organizations. The direction of financing of public and private funds differs.

Government funding

The state aims at social support of the population, so grants are received by:

Unemployed citizens whose status is confirmed at the labor exchange.
Youth who graduated from a higher educational institution.
People who have .
Military personnel with retired status.

There are certain areas that are developing in a particular region. For example, agriculture is developing in one region, and business related to the support of new technologies will be a priority in another. It will be easier for those organizations whose activities are related to the priority areas of the region to receive a grant.

Another factor that influences the choice is long-term project. The state is interested in the company to develop and pay taxes. Therefore, in order to receive a grant, it is necessary to prepare a calculation that will show that this project will be successful and in a couple of years will return the funds invested in it with taxes.

Also, a positive moment for obtaining a grant in 2018 will be the provision of jobs to the unemployed segments of the population. Welcome, if their number will be at least five.

gratuitous help

Assistance provided free of charge private foundations. They can be domestic or foreign. The scope of their funding extends to companies and organizations whose activities are related to culture, economy and ecology. Also attracted the attention of such funds are projects related to scientific research and the development of any innovations.

As a rule, these funds give preference to already proven organizations that have experience in the effective use of funds.

Before submitting an application for a grant to a private foundation, it is recommended to prepare, namely, to clarify which companies have already been funded, whether these entrepreneurs received grants before, and if so, in what quantity.

If possible, organize a meeting with the winners of the grants. Ask them about the features of the project, what to focus on, in what form to make a presentation and other points that can positively affect the receipt of funds.

There are general requirements for grants, but private foundations can set their own conditions. For example, when granting a grant for a project related to agriculture, there may be restrictions on the area of land use.

From banks

In addition to funds, grants are issued by banks, they determine the conditions for obtaining and the amount. As a rule, banks compensate part of the money spent from the implementation of a project for the customer. Also, the bank may stipulate which regions can participate in the competition, the number of company employees, income and other requirements.

As a rule, if an entrepreneur meets the requirements of the bank, then he leaves an application, and if it is approved, he performs actions aimed at implementing the customer's project. Next, you need to provide reporting on the funds spent and receive compensation for the completed project.

Exceptions and Deadlines

State grants are received by novice specialists or socially unprotected sections of society. Private funds focus on science and new technologies. However, there are exceptions.

The deadlines for applying for grants vary, as everything depends on the fund and the nomination. As a rule, the terms are indicated along with a list of necessary conditions for obtaining a grant. There are times when they can be extended.

The main time limiter for 2018 falls on end of July. But there are also grants to apply for. until February or Martha.

There are certain deadlines for consideration of applications, they are two months. But there are cases when the application can be considered for about a year.

Possible compensation

Entrepreneurs should be aware that the funds allocated by the fund must be spent for their intended purpose. It will not be possible to purchase items that can be used for personal purposes, such as a car or interior items.

The money can be spent on the purchase of equipment that will be used in production. The purchase of raw materials or materials is also welcome. You can include long-term rental property. Compensation of the wages of people who work in this company is not paid by state grants, and foreign investment funds consider these expenses acceptable.

If an entrepreneur is ready to participate in co-financing his project, then this will be a plus for making a positive decision on issuing a grant in his direction. The more an entrepreneur is willing to contribute to a project, the higher his chance of getting a grant. The amount of co-financing of the project varies from 15 to 50%.

Conditions for obtaining

In addition to the standard requirements that a grant applicant must meet, foundations may nominate additional terms. Mandatory conditions include the following criteria:

Passing by the candidate of courses of bases of enterprise activity.
Providing jobs to people who are not engaged in labor activity. This condition may be mandatory when receiving a state grant.
Documentary evidence of the absence of any financial assistance previously received.
A certain annual turnover of the company.
Provide reporting on the absence of any debts to the tax authorities.
Requirements related to age, education and work experience in a particular field must be met.
The business must be registered in a certain region. As mentioned above, there are differences between regions in the allocation of funds in one area or another.

In addition to industrial and business projects, funds can be allocated for the implementation of political projects aimed at improving the quality of life of the population.

Educational projects aimed at working with schoolchildren and students.
Cultural and educational activities.
Rehabilitation of drug addicts and alcoholics in society after treatment.
Activities related to the employment of the non-working population.
Help people who have suffered from any natural disasters and hostilities.

Required documents for applying

There is a basic list of documents that are needed to apply for a grant. Each fund can also put forward additional requirements.

Business project.
Passport of the entrepreneur who will appear as the applicant.
Completed application for participation.
A special letter, which should reflect the strengths of the project, namely, its uniqueness, relevance and necessity.

The application must contain information about the existing problem of the company, a description of how to solve it. The financial part should also be spelled out, namely, where it is planned to spend the money, possible risks and ways to resolve them are described. The fund determines the application form.

Sample business plan

Exists standard business plan template suitable for a grant.

Errors in the preparation of the application

Exists a few mistakes, because of which the entrepreneur may not receive a grant.

If you specify the maximum possible amount of funding for the project.
There are few jobs that the entrepreneur plans to provide.
Do not indicate that the company needs a car.
It is imperative to prescribe in the business project the exact expenditure of funds.
You must provide information about the suppliers and partners of the company.
The business project must be voluminous.
You should indicate how much taxes will be paid.
The project must contain information about the competitiveness of the product or service.
It is mandatory to provide information about the effectiveness of the project.
The design of a business project should be at a high level.

You should comply with reporting requirements, as well as be interested in the most effective ways to use funds in the fund, you need to be in touch with him. If an entrepreneur "makes friends" with the fund, then he will have the opportunity to receive other material support.

How to get money from the state for the development of IP, you can find out in this video.

Some believe that starting your own business requires a large start-up capital. In some cases, this is indeed the case. But even without savings, you can start doing business. The main thing is that you have an idea and desire. Take advantage of various government programs that allow you to start your own business without investment at all. There are many ways to do this: small business assistance program from the employment center , various grants and funds.

Types of assistance from the state

Entrepreneurs think that only trouble can be expected from the state - tax audits, changes in working conditions and various requirements.

It is not necessary to have start-up capital to start your business - you can just get help

Few people know that you can get real help from the state, especially if you get into the programs of regional and federal support for small businesses, which are regularly launched throughout the country.

Assistance from the state may be as follows:

consulting and information (various free courses, seminars, training programs);
organizational (providing an equipped place in the market or fair);
infrastructural (numerous funds supporting start-up entrepreneurs, business incubators and centers);
innovative (if you have some kind of scientific development or idea, then the state can sponsor its implementation);
financial (provision of various compensations, preferential loans, grants, subsidies).
permissive (an entrepreneur is allowed to conduct a simplified business without detailed accounting support, obtaining expensive licenses, etc.).

Most often, novice businessmen concentrate on financial assistance. But it should be understood thatare limited, and you may simply not get them due to a lot of competition. Therefore, you must prepare a really interesting idea and draw up the right business plan for it in order to outperform your future colleagues.

Note:do not focus only on financial assistance - other types can bring you much more advantages. For example, permit assistance can generally exempt you from taxes and inspections.

Getting free help

Getting a loan from the state is not so difficult, even on favorable terms. The only disadvantage of the loan is that it will have to be repaid (either in small installments every month, or at the end of the term). Therefore, you should look for an opportunity to receive various grants and other gratuitous assistance.

There is no need to give a business grant - the main thing is to fulfill the conditions for receiving it

It will not need to be given back if you fulfill your obligations and spend the money exactly on what you intended (targeted spending). Free assistance is as follows:

Grants. Usually they are issued from the local or regional budget to beginners or young entrepreneurs. The intended purpose is the implementation of the approved business plan. Usually the amount does not exceed 300 thousand rubles, while the businessman must pay up to 50% of the total amount on his own. That is, half of the costs will be paid by the state, half by you.
Subsidies. Usually they are issued to experienced businessmen who want to develop further and provide new jobs. The subsidy is issued for the purchase of assets and equipment: it can reach up to 90% of their value. The maximum amount of the subsidy is 10 million rubles, but it may vary depending on the region of the Russian Federation.
Grant for the unemployed. It is understood that a person who has lost his job and has the status of an unemployed person can immediately receive all insurance compensation and payments for the year from the employment center. In return, he guarantees to secure self-employment by starting his own business. It is noteworthy that you can receive this payment for each unemployed person taken to official work. The amount of payments at the moment is 58 thousand rubles.
Repayment of interest on a loan. Usually, the body of the loan received for the purchase of equipment is repaid by the entrepreneur himself, and the state pays half or ¾ of the accrued interest.
Another relevant assistance to small businesses from the state in 2016-2017 This is a subsidy for participation in the fair. Usually, the entrepreneur is compensated from the budget for ½ or ⅔ of the funds spent on renting or delivering commercial equipment. In some cases, the state itself simply equips trading places and invites entrepreneurs to them. The amount of compensation cannot exceed 300,000 rubles.

Farmers can receive additional assistance: they are given preferential loans for the purchase of seeds, breeding stock, equipment, and infrastructure facilities.

Help from banks

Many banks also offer assistance to start-up entrepreneurs. It is much easier to get loans from them than from the state, especially in small towns. The collateral for a loan is usually the business itself or the entrepreneur's property.

You can receive all payments in the employment center for the whole year and open a business