Noble almshouse Z.D. Rakhmanova

Nobles Rakhmanovs

Rakhmanovs - according to Unbegaun, a surname of Turkic origin, formed from one of the ninety-nine names belonging to God - Merciful.
The Rakhmanovs are a noble family dating back to the beginning of the 16th century and originating, according to the legends of ancient genealogists, from Poland. Boris Semenovich (Shiryaev's son) R. was granted estates in Kaluga district (1627).
The founder of the Vladimir branch of the Rakhmanovs was a retired captain of the Life Guards Preobrazhensky Regiment Stepan Mironovich Rakhmanov, born during the reign of Emperor Peter II and died under Catherine II. From his marriage to the daughter of a brigadier (brigadier general) Praskovya Vasilyevna Korobova, he had four sons and a daughter. The eldest of them Mikhail Stepanovich Rakhmanov, who served in the light cavalry - in the Dnieper, Mariupol and Ostrogozh light horse regiments, retired in 1793. And he became the owner of an estate in Sudogodsky district (now Gus-Khrustalny district). Perhaps it was he who built this “noble nest” on the quiet Glinka River (a tributary of the Voininga of the Sudogda River basin). And he died in 1794 childless.
The village of Morugino became the family estate of the Rakhmanovs; their estate was once located there. The Rakhmanovs jointly owned this estate with the Griboyedov family - with their grandfather, father and sister of the author of the immortal comedy “Woe from Wit”.
Widow M.S. Rakhmanova Varvara Vladimirovna, nee Davydova (a distant relative of the famous poet and partisan of 1812 Denis Davydov), married for the second time Lieutenant General Baron Karl Fedorovich Knorring, who annexed Georgia to Russia. Morugino was inherited by Mikhail Rakhmanov’s younger brother, retired major general Alexey Stepanovich Rakhmanov, hero of the Russian-Swedish war of 1789-1790. In addition to Morugin, he owned part of the village of Krasnoye on the Rpeni River (now located within the city limits of our regional center).
General A.S. Rakhmanov died in 1827 at the age of 72 and was buried in the Moscow Donskoy Monastery. He also left no offspring, and the heirs to the Vladimir estates were his nephews Alexei and Nikolai - the children by that time of the younger brother of Prime Major Fyodor Stepanovich Rakhmanov, who had also died (in 1820), from his marriage to Elena Matveevna Krasilnikova.
Alexei Rakhmanov, a retired captain-captain of the Life Guards Hussar Regiment, Delvig’s cousin and Pushkin’s acquaintance, was famous for his incredible fatness and love of eating well. He lived mainly in Moscow, where he died in 1862 at the age of 61. Nikolai Fedorovich Rakhmanov, having started his career in military service, then transferred to civilian service. By 1834 he had the rank of collegiate councilor and in 1835 he was included in Part VI of the noble genealogy book of the Vladimir province, where ancient (that is, especially noble) noble families were recorded.

Born January 24, 1827 Alexey Nikolaevich Rakhmanov, a representative of an ancient noble family who did a lot of useful things for the people of Vladimir. His father is Nikolai Fedorovich Rakhmanov, his mother is Varvara Stanislavovna Golynskaya. Alexey Nikolaevich Rakhmanov was sent to study at the famous school of guards ensigns and cavalry cadets, after which in 1845 he entered the life-cuirassier regiment of His Highness the heir to the Tsarevich as a cornet. He served there for a short time and retired as a lieutenant. In the 1850s A.N. Rakhmanov held high positions in the Vladimir district: he was a trustee, director of the provincial prison committee, Vladimir in 1854-1856, chairman of the Noble Guardianship.

Dvoryanskaya street. Voronin N.N. OK. 1920
View of Studenoy Gora, from the west. On the right: a wooden house with a mezzanine and a garden, the Church of St. Michael the Archangel with two chapels (1893, architect A.P. Afanasyev, I.O. Karabutov; one chapel is lost); two-story wooden house of a charitable society (not preserved). Left: facade of a wooden house with a garden (not preserved); at the turn, opposite the church, there is the corner of the Maltsevsky vocational school (1880s, architect M.N. Chichagov, designed by civil engineer A.P. Maksimov). On the sides of the street there are cast iron fence posts, kerosene lanterns, and electric poles (1909). Pedestrian, two carriages. In the foreground is a cobblestone street.


Rakhmanova's house. St. Studenaya Gora, 1

Rakhmanov, in the middle of the 19th century, had only 261 souls of serfs in different villages of the Vladimir district. His wife Zinaida Dmitrievna (née Kozakova) had 838 serf souls (acquired) in the same district.
“The captain’s wife Zinaida Dmitrievna Rakhmanova, in advertisements submitted to the council in 1867, declaring her sale on September 1, 1866 of the land belonging to her, to the peasants of the Kochukovsky volost village. Kuchina to Mikhail Stepanov Korobkov, in the Kuroyedova wasteland, Krasnaya Borovinka also, 25 dec., Vukola Mikhailov Korobkov, in the Markova wasteland, 27 dec. 1242 soot. and Stepan Antonov Krasheninnikov 22 dec. 916 fathoms, and in addition to the provincial secretary Vladimir Petrov Uspensky, in the Kuroyedova wasteland, 25 des. 235 fathoms, requests the transfer of land for the payment of zemstvo fees to the designated owners.”
Pokrovsky district was sold by the collegiate registrar Saburov to Count Apraksin. The latter “fell in love” with one of the Vladimir landowners, Mrs. Rakhmanova, and was once caught with her by her husband. Rakhmanov made peace with the count for 20,000 rubles. ass., which he began to pull out from. For this purpose, he took his two sons to the kennel yard to feed the dogs and serve as coachmen. Then Krasheninnikov “gave in,” paid the required amount and was released in 1853.
At a time when state militias began to be formed in the provinces, Alexey Rakhmanov was the adjutant of the head of the Vladimir Militia, colonel.
“I continue the interrupted thread of the story about service in the Militia. Having stocked up with all the necessary papers, I went to Kyiv for acceptance. Mikhail Andreevich received me, as usual, very cordially, as he received all the militiamen who visited him; he occupied an apartment in the house of the architect Berreti, where his former adjutant, the dearest of the dearest A.N., also went crazy. Rakhmanov, seconded to army headquarters" ().

The Rokhmanovs arranged a crossing across the Klyazma River.

A.N. Rakhmanov died in November 1868 at only 41 years of age and was buried in the Novodevichy Convent in St. Petersburg (not to be confused with the monastery of the same name in Moscow). Widow A.N. Rakhmanova Zinaida Dmitrievna outlived her husband by almost 32 years.
Zinaida Dmitrievna Rakhmanova was a Trustee of the Kochukovsky School, founded in 1872.
Their son Nikolai Alekseevich, “a weak, spineless man, with wasteful tendencies, who did not always distinguish other people’s money from his own and took loans very lightly, in rare cases returning the money.” An unflattering description was given to him in his service. Zinaida Dmitrievna, although a kind woman, endlessly covered his debts. often reproached her son for wastefulness and weak character. The last straw was the governor himself’s appeal to Zinaida Dmitrievna with a request to pay for the money squandered by her son.
On November 2, 1897, the building was dedicated. “After the liturgy, the priests presented St. The icons, accompanied by a large crowd and accompanied by the ringing of bells, headed from the church to the new school building. By this time, the following arrived from Vladimir: Zemsky chief N.A. Rakhmanov and Member Vladimirsk. District Branch of the Diocesan School Council I.V. Malinovsky, sent by the department to attend the consecration ceremony of the school... Zemsky chief I.A. also said several warm, heartfelt words of gratitude to Shagaev. Rakhmanov, calling him the best and dearest member of his zemstvo district.”
The Vladimir governor “repeatedly received information about the unseemly actions of the zemstvo chief of the 3rd section of the Vladimir district, state councilor Nikolai Alekseevich Rakhmanov.”
In June 1900, he, “not wanting to initiate legal proceedings against Rakhmanov, although the question of bringing him to trial arose, suggested that he submit his resignation.” The mother decided to punish her son “for his rudeness and disrespect” by depriving the latter of his inheritance.
On October 24, 1900, she invited the notary Medushevsky and witnesses, announcing the drawing up of a new will in the event of her death: “My well-acquired immovable estates by merchant merchants, such as: a house and an outbuilding with buildings, land and lard and all accessories in full , in the 1st part of the city of Vladimir, on Studenaya Gora, garden and empty land in the city of Vladimir, along Malaya Meshchanskaya Street, an estate of the Vladimir district, near the village of Vishenki with an estate and buildings and all accessories to them, livestock, bread, in in its entirety, without excluding anything, with wastelands and lands, as well as in the villages of Novaya, Anisimova, Uvarov, as well as all the remaining ... monetary capital, no matter how much it turns out to be, up to about 90 thousand rubles, I give into the ownership of the Vladimir noble class for the establishment of a noble women's almshouse named after me "Zinaida Dmitrievna Rakhmanova" for 25 females from the nobles of the Vladimir province so that this almshouse would be built on the place where I now live, the city of Vladimir, 1st part on Studenaya Gora, so that persons of the Rakhmanov family, except for the son Nikolai Alekseevich, had a priority right to maintenance in this almshouse, so that my son Nikolai Alekseevich would not have any position at the almshouse and would not participate in the management and disposal of it at all under any pretext.”
Zinaida Dmitrievna donated part of her monetary capital to the Assumption Convent, Bogolyubovsky, the Church of the Archangel Michael, on Studena Gora, Nikolo-Zlatovratskaya “for the commemoration of my soul and my daughter Catherine.” She didn’t forget about the poor: “500 rubles to distribute mercy to the poor.” She bequeathed 3 thousand rubles to her daughter Anna, 1 thousand rubles to each of her grandchildren, and 5 thousand rubles to her granddaughter Marya Komissarova.
“I am depriving my son Nikolai Alekseevich Rakhmanov for his rudeness towards me and disrespect for his inheritance.”
On December 1, 1900, Zinaida Dmitrievna died. She was buried, as it was written in her will, in the place she bought in an oak coffin purchased in Moscow.
Nikolai Alekseevich, having lost his inheritance, lost his last hope of improving his situation. Forced retirement from service plunged him into poverty.
The deceased’s spiritual will caused bewilderment and irritation among relatives. The Vladimir nobility was also put in a delicate position, having petitions from relatives to allocate them 30 thousand rubles, “so that the descendants of the old family would have the opportunity to get out of their difficult financial situation.”
The question of the nobility accepting Rakhmanova’s property reached the tsar. While petitions from relatives and nobles circulated through the authorities, the heir died, and the Vladimir nobility accepted Rakhmanova’s bequeathed capital.


A young lady from the Rakhmanov family. Perhaps this is Ekaterina Nikolaevna Rakhmanova, sister of Alexander Nikolaevich Rakhmanov, granddaughter of the Vladimir leader

“According to the spiritual will of the noblewoman Z.D. Rakhmanova.
Execution of the will of the testator Z.D. Rakhmanova, i.e. the establishment of a women's almshouse was directly dependent on the income received from the donor's estate; Thus, my actions in this matter fall into two parts: a) managing the estate, and b) establishing an almshouse.
A) Estate management.
The resolution of the Regular Provincial Assembly of the Nobility, which took place in January 1906, was subject to the following issues relating to the management of the estate:
1) Immediately initiate a petition for the delimitation of plots in 10 villages in 1906, where they have not yet been delimited;
2) when delimiting plots, correct the boundaries with mutual consent, and where it seems beneficial to the peasants and will not cause much damage to the estate, make an exchange of land;
3) upon completion of delimitation of allotments, the borders passing through arable land and meadows should be marked with ditches;
4) small plots that do not represent a particular value for the estate and are not included in the forestry plan are to be sold to rural communities in need (not to private individuals) on possibly preferential terms through the Peasant Bank;
5) in view of the expressed desire of the Sobinskaya manufactory to purchase a plot on the Klyazma River, enter into negotiations with the factory and, provided that the sale amount is provided, bringing at least 1000 rubles. annual income, sell the site to the factory;
6) to bring it into a more convenient figure for maintaining the boundaries in the area, acquire a neighboring property or make an exchange with the merchant Bazhanov for a measure of about 6 dessiatines;
7) divide the empty space in the city on Malaya Meshchanskaya Street into construction plots and rent it out for buildings for a long-term lease, which will give about 200 rubles, that is, increase the profitability by 10 times, or sell this plot;
8) all proceeds from the sale should be added to the untouchable capital, which will be formed upon completion of the almshouse’s equipment and %% of which, as well as the income from the estate, will be used for the maintenance of the almshouse.
When making demarcations, 2509 rubles must be allocated according to the calculation of the boundary department. 90 k., with 600 rubles. must be spent upon filing the petition, and the rest in 1906, and in order to pay in 1906, you can sell part of the plots that were not included in the forestry plan and intended for the needs of the estate.
In order to resolve these issues, the Nobility decided: on item 1 of the question, to grant the Provincial Leader of the Nobility the right to spend the necessary amount of money from the income from the estate bequeathed to the Nobility for the delimitation of land plots; if it is not possible to cover expenses with income from the estate, then allow the Provincial Leader of the Nobility to borrow money from the testator’s capital so that it is replenished at the first opportunity from the income of the estate; under clause 2) to grant the Provincial Leader of the Nobility the right to exchange land with the peasants so that this exchange does not constitute damage to the estate; according to clause 3) agree; according to paragraph 4) The meeting decided: small plots, which do not represent a particular value for the estate and are not included in the forestry plan, should be sold to rural communities in need (not at all to private individuals) on possibly preferential terms, through the Peasant Bank; the Assembly expressed its consent to the implementation of the proposals expressed in clauses 5 and 6; on clause 7, the Meeting decided to leave the issue open; I agree with the opinion expressed in paragraph 8.
Starting to carry out paragraphs 1, 2 and 3 of the said resolution, at my request, Rudnev, sent by the Provincial Drawing Surveyor, arrived in Vishenki, who began the work entrusted to him, but, having stayed on the estate for over 4 months, did not complete all the work; he restored only the boundaries of special and general surveying, but inside the estate, that is, from the allotment lands, the former. Rakhmanova, the boundaries remained according to the old actual ownership, just as they were passed by the Malevich office when drawing up the economic plan; the peasants of all villages eventually abandoned all amicable demarcation and exchanges: in some villages, agreements were made at the beginning and the work was already coming to an end, as the peasants refused to approve the intended and completed borders; in other villages such absurd demands were made (village of Anisimovo) about the addition of several tens of acres of land in excess of the allotment, that the Nobility itself had to refuse land surveying and, finally, third villages refused without explanation, although all the villages in the fall of 1905 and winter of 1906 asked for demarcation and exchanges. Numerous negotiations with the peasants did not lead to anything; many times the peasants agreed to land surveying and then again, under the influence of someone, refused.
All boundary work cost up to 950 rubles. The extremely difficult conditions of 1906, under which the estate had to be managed, and the uncertainty both in the amount and time of receipt of income from the estate, forced the testator to postpone the implementation of the waves. This circumstance forced us to recognize it as necessary to convert all vested property that does not have a direct connection with the almshouse into capital, which should be considered inviolable, and the interest from it should go to the maintenance of the almshouse.
These considerations were first presented by me to the Assembly of Leaders and Deputies, and then to the Extraordinary Provincial Assembly of the Nobility, which was held in December 1907. When discussing this issue at the Assembly, I drew the latter’s attention to the fact that the Nobility in its next Assembly decided to sell certain plots of the estate exclusively to peasant societies, and to sell the plot traded by the Sobinskaya Manufactory for cash; Meanwhile, at present, individuals can be quite profitable buyers of land plots, and the Sobinskaya manufactory offers 5% in internal loan tickets issued in 1906. The Extraordinary Provincial Assembly, having discussed my assumptions, and taking into account the opinion expressed on this matter by the Leaders and Deputies, as well as the state of affairs, decided: 1) to offer the Peasant Bank to buy the Cherries estate in its entirety, at the same time allowing and the sale of individual plots to peasant societies and individuals for a price considered profitable by the Board of Trustees of the Women's Almshouse named after Z.D. Rakhmanova, 2) sell the plot planned by the Sobinsky factory for a price at the discretion of the Provincial Marshal of the Nobility, but not lower than the price offered by the factory, and 3) postpone the resolution of the issue of selling the city plot in Remenniki.
When starting to implement the said resolution, the manager of the estate A.A. Burmin in 1907 sold - a) a small plot of land along the Vorsha River with a mill located on it for 3,500 rubles, b) a plot at the station. Undol with an inn and a beer shop located on it for 8,000 rubles, c) a plot of land near the village. Anisimova, the so-called “Kurilov bushes”, measuring 2 dessiatins. 1200 soot. to the peasants of this village for 200 rubles, as well as a plot of land of 2 dessiatines. 800 soot Sobinskaya manufactory for 20,000 rubles. (5% tickets); in 1908: a) an oak tree for 990 rubles and b) a city plot of land in Remenniki for 6,000 rubles.
All this money was converted into interest-bearing securities.
While selling individual plots, I at the same time submitted an application to the Peasant Bank with a proposal to acquire the “Cherry” estate as a whole, valuing this estate at 221,327 rubles.
The Nizhny Novgorod branch of the Peasant Bank, having accepted my application for its proceedings, instructed the Permanent Member of the Vladimir County Land Management Commission to evaluate the estate being sold by the Nobility, in accordance with the instructions available on this subject. The assessment of the estate was lowered by the Indispensable Member to 213,254 rubles.
The final decision on the purchase of the bequeathed Z.D. Rakhmanova's estate was the subject of discussion by the General Presence of the Councils of the Peasant and Noble Banks, which decided: to purchase this estate for the price of 189,550 rubles.
In view of such a significant decrease in the price of the estate compared to its original price, the issue of selling the estate, in accordance with the resolution of the Extraordinary Provincial Assembly of the Nobility of December 7, 1906, I proposed for consideration by the Almshouse’s Board of Trustees, which, at its meeting on March 12, 1908, did the following: subject of the resolution.
The Board of Trustees, although it sees a significant difference between the initial assessment of the estate made by the Provincial Marshal of the Nobility, with the knowledge of the members of the Council (221,827 rubles) and the proposed price by the Bank, but at the same time cannot fail to take into account the following considerations: 1) since 1905 and to this day, correct payments under lease agreements have not been received, 2) some plots of arable land remain unleased and, thus, the estimated annual profitability of the estate decreases, 3) due to various considerations, in some cases the rent has to be reduced, 4) the correct the annual exploitation of forest plots is greatly complicated due to the hostile attitude towards privately owned property among the local population, which involuntarily forces a more or less significant discount from the initial price of cutting areas; longer opening of the almshouse for a full complement of those in need and 6) the net annual income from the estate according to the estimate approved by the Regular Provincial Assembly of the Nobility for the three-year period from 1906-1908 should be equal to 8490 rubles. (excluding rent from the land at the Sobinskaya factory, retail premises and mill), meanwhile, the capital offered by the Peasant Bank, assuming that it will all consist of 5% tickets subject to income tax, will give a net annual income of up to 9,000 rubles.
The Board of Trustees, in accordance with all the data provided and taking into account that with the sale of the estate to the Bank for 189,550 rubles. there will be a full opportunity to immediately carry out the will of the testator, he considered it quite advisable to agree to the conditions proposed by the Peasant Bank.
Currently, the Bank has made the calculation and the total capital for the maintenance of the almshouse is 294,500 rubles.” (Report of the Vladimir provincial leader of the nobility to the next provincial meeting of the nobility. 1909).
The former estate of the Rakhmanovs in the village of Morugino today is a small village as part of the rural municipality of Krasnoe Ekho Gus-Khrustalny district. There are three dozen permanent residents there. All that remains of the old estate is a very overgrown and thinned driveway, and also a dam on the Glinka River (locals joke: in Moscow there was a Neglinka, and here we have a Glinka!), at which a now neglected and long-uncleaned reservoir was formed for a long time.

Noble almshouse Z.D. Rakhmanova


Noble almshouse Z.D. Rakhmanova, shelter for orphans-nobles
St. Studenaya Gora, 3

In view of the uncertainty of receiving income from the bequeathed Z.D. Rakhmanova's estate, at the Regular Provincial Assembly of the Nobility, which took place in January 1906, it was decided to postpone the opening of the almshouse until the time when the agrarian movement subsided and receiving income from the estate could be considered a sure guarantee of maintaining the almshouse. The Assembly decided to leave it to the Assembly of the Leaders and Deputies of the Nobility to determine when the favorable time would come to carry out the will of the testator. At the same time, the Assembly expressed the wish that, if possible, all measures be taken to open the almshouse as soon as possible.
Considering one of his main responsibilities to fulfill this resolution, the issue of opening an almshouse was introduced first to the Board of Trustees, then to the Assembly of Leaders and Deputies, and finally, this issue was discussed in the Extraordinary Provincial Assembly of the Nobility, which was held on December 7, 1906, which decided : to open an almshouse for 10 people, for which, in case of a lack of funds for their maintenance, to spend the capital amounting to a surplus from the untouchable capital of 55,300 rubles, to complete the equipment of the almshouse.
The opening of the almshouse followed on May 22, 1907.
Before the opening at one o'clock in the afternoon, a prayer service was served in the hall of the almshouse before the local revered icon of the Bogolyubov Mother of God, brought annually on May 21 to Vladimir from the village. Bogolyubova. The prayer service was served by the rector of the Church of St. Michael the Archangel on Studena Gora, in whose parish the newly opened almshouse is located. The opening ceremony was attended by Archbishop Nicholas of Vladimir with his vicar Bishop Alexander, all representatives of the administration headed by the Head of the province, Leaders and Deputies, local nobles, relatives and friends of the testators and the Almshouse Board of Trustees in its entirety.
On the same day, the leaders and deputies approved the charter developed under § 12. The Board of Trustees provides instructions for those receiving care in the almshouse and its staff.
These rules are posted in prominent places in the almshouse building.
The almshouse was maintained at: % of capital 294,500 rubles. and real estate with an income of 720 rubles. in year.
In September 1908, it finally became clear that the Peasant Bank had acquired the “Cherry” estate and that cash payments would follow no later than October. The same state of affairs finally gave the Board of Trustees the opportunity to begin further election from among the candidates to the list of those under consideration.
The Board of Trustees, guided in this case by the age of the candidates, their degree of need and the moral qualities of each of them, could settle on only 11 people, of which 11 people entered the almshouse, which, together with those admitted in May 1907, would make up a set of 21 people.
In 1909, among the ghosts were: 1) Alexandra Evgenievna Kolzakova, 2) Serafima Ivanovna Spectorskaya, 3) Varvara Ivanovna Language, 4) Olga Ilyinichna Tyapkina, 5) Lyudmila Ivanovna Ilyashevich, 6) Iraid Petrovna Bludova, 7) Olga Nikolaevna Bakhireva, 8) Varvara Matveevna Lyalina, 9) Elizaveta Pavlovna Muromtseva, 10) Olga Nikanorovna Kirova, 11) Maria Filippovna Ivanova, 12) Ekaterina Ioakimovna Smirnova, 13) Ekaterina Leonidovna Pavlova-Rusinova, 14) Alexandra Vasilyevna Yazykova, 15) Anastasia Egorovna Narbek ova, 16) Olga Efimovna Khvatova, 17) Alexandra Ivanovna Ilyashevich, 18) Sofya Petrovna Khrapitskaya, 19) Agrippina Andreevna Petrotskaya, 20) Anna Dmitrievna Volkova and 21) Kallista Ilinichna Petrova, nee Tyapkina.



Noble almshouse Z.D. Rakhmanova. St. Studenaya Gora, 3

Rules for the patrons, approved by the meeting of Leaders and Deputies of the Nobility on May 22, 1907

§ 1. All those entering the almshouse named after Z.D. Rakhmanova, as beneficiaries, enjoy the same rights.
§ 2. Those in custody must obey all the rules and regulations established in the almshouse, live among themselves in friendship and harmony, treat the employees with respect and treat the servants politely.
§ 3. Those on probation do not make any comments or reprimands to the servants and report any displeasure to the warden, without bothering her with unnecessary complaints. If a complaint submitted to the supervisor was not respected by the latter, then the supervisor has the right to appeal to a Member of the Board of Trustees, and then to the Board of Trustees.
Note. To examine the complaints of those in custody and allow the latter to take leave for more than three days, the Board of Trustees selects one of the Members from among itself.
§ 4. In the almshouse there is a special book in which complaints and requests are written down by those in need, with a note in it. as authorized by the Warden or Member of the Board of Trustees.
Note § 19 of the almshouse's charter: if the recipients fail to comply with the rules established by the Board of Trustees, the recipients may be dismissed from the almshouse by a resolution of the Council.
§ 5. Those in custody are placed in rooms, according to the size of each room. The movement of prisoners from one room to another can be done only with the special permission of the matron. In the event of any misunderstandings on this subject between the warden and the ward, the issue is resolved by a Member of the Board of Trustees (note § 3 of the statute).
§ 6. The detainees can leave the almshouse freely whenever they wish, but they are required to inform the matron in advance how long they will be leaving, whether they will have lunch and dinner at home and should return home: in winter no later than 10 a.m., and in summer 11 a.m. . evenings.
§ 7. Those on probation are allowed to take leave: for a period of one to three days - with the permission of the warden, for a period of up to two months - with the permission of a Member of the Board of Trustees, and for a period longer than two months - with the permission of the Board of Trustees.
§ 8. To use leave, those in custody are issued a leave ticket established for this purpose by the Council with a designation on it and in the book available to the matron for this subject of both the period and place of absence.
§ 9. It is prohibited to keep cats and dogs in the almshouse and to damage the walls by driving nails into them. Transporting your own furniture to the almshouse (excluding an icon case and a small desk, if the size of the room allows) is permitted only with the permission of a Member of the Board of Trustees.
§ 10. Those in need use clothes, linen and shoes from the almshouse. Sewing of dresses can be done by the recipients themselves, for which they are given material and money for work; this dress must be worn in the almshouse building, and outside the almshouse they can wear their own.
§ 11. The issuance of candles to those in need is carried out at the discretion of the matron to the extent of the actual need for each person in need.
§ 12. The suspects gather for lunch and dinner at the time established by the Council. Lunch or dinner not in the common dining room, but in your own room, is allowed only as prescribed by a doctor. You are allowed to drink tea in your rooms. Samovars are placed no earlier than 7 am and no later than 8 pm. Lunch is served at 2 pm, dinner at 10 pm in summer, and 9 pm in winter. Lunch consists of two courses, dinner consists of one course.
Note 1st. Lunches are prepared according to a schedule established each week by a Council Member.
Note 2. On fasting days, fasting food is prepared for those who wish. During Great Lent - the first, fourth and seventh weeks and the Dormition Fast - fasting food is provided for everyone; Meal food at this time is prepared only for those persons for whom the doctor’s instructions have been made.
§ 13. To supervise the receipt of provisions and their dispensing, those in charge may elect officers on duty among themselves and set up a queue to supervise the dispensing of lunch and dinner from the kitchen. The duty officer reports everything noticed to the warden for proper disposal.
Note 1st. Tea and sugar are distributed to those in need on a monthly basis, according to a schedule approved by the Board of Trustees.
Note 2. In the morning and evening, those in need can have tea in the common dining room (morning tea in winter is served at 8 o'clock, in summer at 7 o'clock, evening tea in winter at 5 o'clock, in summer at 6 o'clock).
Note 3. Those in custody may demand a samovar in their room no more than 2 times a day.
§ 14. Those in need can receive relatives and friends in the reception halls and in their rooms; visitors are received no earlier than 12 noon and can stay in the almshouse no longer than 8 hours in winter and 9 pm in summer.
§ 15. In the event of illness or dismissal of a supervisor, the latter’s duties are assigned temporarily to a person elected by the Board of Trustees. In this case, the Board of Trustees may request, for a special remuneration, to accept temporarily the duties of a warden from one of the inmates at its discretion.
§ 16. Prisoners who have their household items can deposit them in the almshouse through the matron.

After the Revolution, the almshouse of the merchants Rakhmanovs was turned into a shelter for street children, then into a tuberculosis hospital.
On December 12, 1920, the first in the provincial city with 50 beds opened in the building.

The last known descendant of this branch of the Rakhmanovs was the son of N.A. Rakhmanov and the grandson of Zinaida Dmitrievna Alexander Nikolaevich Rakhmanov, who served as the senior clerk of the Vladimir Treasury Chamber until the revolutionary upheavals of 1917. “Alexander Nikolaevich Rakhmanov, “a member of the same organization, but not actively speaking,” was sentenced to forced labor for a period of 5 years with deprivation of all civil rights” (Yasmanova. Was supported by funds.
In 1907, a shelter for 60 people was opened. in the establishment of A.A. Nikitina.

Copyright © 2018 Unconditional love

On November 18, 2015, at the age of 84, Doctor of Medical Sciences, Professor, Chief Infectious Diseasesist of the Health Committee of St. Petersburg, Deputy Chief Physician of the AIDS Center, Honorary Doctor of the St. Petersburg MAPO, Honored Scientist of the Russian Federation, died from a long illness.

RAKHMANOVA AZA GASANOVNA

Professor Aza Gasanovna Rakhmanova was a major and recognized scientist in the field of medicine.

Aza Hasanovna came to work in the healthcare system in 1958. Starting from the first steps of her career, she went through a long creative and scientific path from a graduate student to the chief infectious disease specialist of the St. Petersburg Health Committee.

Under the leadership of Rakhmanova A.G. 16 doctoral and 55 candidate dissertations were defended. Students of Rakhmanova A.G. operate in all regions of Russia, CIS countries, USA, Canada, Germany, Finland.

For her conscientious long-term work and personal contribution to the development of healthcare in the Russian Federation and St. Petersburg, Aza Gasanovna Rakhmanova was awarded with incentives and awards: Certificates of Honor from the Health Care Committee, the insignia “For Services to St. Petersburg”, Gratitude from the Minister of Health of the Russian Federation, the “Excellence” badge healthcare", medal of the Order "For Merit to the Fatherland" 2nd degree, medal "Veteran of Labor".

We mourn the death Rakhmanova Azy Hasanovna and express our condolences to family and friends.

AIDS Center team

Doctor of Medical Sciences, Professor, Honored Scientist of the Russian Federation Azu Gasanovna Rakhmanova, born into a medical family, thanks to her talent, hard work, love for people and desire to be modern, achieved great success in science and clinical medicine. Arriving in Leningrad and entering the 1st Medical Institute at the Faculty of Medicine, she immediately became a leader among the students. Her leadership ability lasted throughout her professional career. She was a leader among clinical residents and graduate students, young doctors and professors of the city and Russia.

Having headed the Department of Infectious Diseases at the St. Petersburg Medical Academy of Postgraduate Education, she brought it to the level of leading teams in the field of HIV infection. Its partners were prominent specialists from around the world and international organizations: the UN, WHO, UNESCO, etc.

She achieved the seemingly impossible - she organized an HIV infection and specialist training service before HIV infection came to the North-West region and St. Petersburg, and personally participated in the diagnosis of the first cases of the disease in Russia. She convinced the mayor, and later the governor of St. Petersburg, of the need to create a city AIDS service and for many years was an adviser to the city's top officials on issues of HIV medicine.

Aza Hasanovna took part in the formation of a school of HIV specialists. It included hundreds of infectious disease doctors, therapists, epidemiologists, etc., dozens of clinical residents and interns, graduate students and doctors of science. Today there is not a single city in the Soviet Union where Aza Hasanovna’s students work.

A subtle mind, hard work and natural curiosity allowed her to become the author of the first studies in the field of HIV medicine, the first author and editor of domestic manuals, create the original journal “AIDS, Sex, Health”, support and head the journal “HIV Infection and Immunosuppression” and be for several decades, the main infectious disease specialist in Leningrad - St. Petersburg.

In St. Petersburg, her active energy was aimed at reorganizing the service and opening new units in hospitals and clinics. The pinnacle of her scientific and professional activities is the creation of original international training centers in the field of HIV medicine, the ideology of service development in Russia and neighboring countries, the development of scientific research in the field of infectious pathology, virology and epidemiology.

Aza Hasanovna Rakhmanova published more than 500 scientific papers and trained about a hundred candidates and doctors of science, she was an amazingly active person, a researcher, and devoted her entire life to treating patients and educating people for the benefit of their health.

"Moscow Week" (later "Moscow Weekly"). He founded the Scientific Word publishing house, with which V. O. Klyuchevsky, I. I. Mechnikov, and P. P. Muratov collaborated.

In the Rakhmanov family prayer room there was a large collection of ancient icons, which Pavel Muratov studied at the invitation of Georgy Karpovich. Muratov also used Rakhmanov’s connections in the Old Believer environment to travel to Old Believer monasteries for the purpose of studying icon painting. Nowadays, many museums have icons known as “Rakhmanov’s”.

Literature

  • P. Muratov. Stroganov school. (With I. E. Grabar History of Russian Art In 5 volumes, 1909-1917.)

see also

  • Sergei Ustinovich Solovyov, architect of the Rakhmanov family charitable foundations

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See what "Rakhmanov G." is in other dictionaries:

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Books

  • Leonid Rakhmanov. Favorites. Stories from different years, Leonid Rakhmanov. The one-volume book of the famous Soviet writer and playwright L. N. Rakhmanov included his story “Bazil”, dramatic works “The Hermit of Down”, “Restless Old Age”, “The Stone Throwed at ...
  • Decorative mice and rats. Maintenance, breeding, taming, disease prevention, Rakhmanov A.I.. The book describes various types of rats and mice that are kept at home as ornamental animals. Advice is given on keeping, taming, caring for and breeding these funny…

Sergei Vasilyevich Rachmaninov is a great Russian composer, also famous as a pianist and conductor. He first gained fame while still a student, as he wrote a number of very popular romances, the famous Prelude, the First Piano Concerto and the opera “Aleko”, which was staged at the Bolshoi Theater. In his work, he synthesized two main Russian schools of composition, Moscow and St. Petersburg, and created his own unique style, which became the pearl of classical music.

Senard

Sergei was born in the Semyonovo estate, located in the Novgorod province, but grew up on the Oneg estate, which belonged to his father, nobleman Vasily Arkadyevich. The composer's mother, Lyubov Petrovna, was the daughter of the director of the Arakcheevsky Cadet Corps. Rachmaninov apparently inherited his musical talent through the male line. His grandfather was a pianist and performed in concerts in many cities of the Russian Empire. Dad was also known as an excellent musician, but he played only in groups of friends.


Parents: mother Lyubov Petrovna and father Vasily Arkadyevich

Sergei Rachmaninov became interested in the music in his very early years. His first teacher was his mother, who introduced the child to the basics of musical notation, then he studied with a visiting pianist, and at the age of 9 he entered the junior class of the St. Petersburg Conservatory. But finding himself at such an early age to be his own master, the boy could not cope with the temptation and began to skip classes. At a family council, Sergei Rachmaninov briefly explained to his family that he lacked discipline, and the father transferred his son to Moscow, to a private boarding school for musically gifted children. The students of this institution were under constant supervision, honed their playing of instruments for six hours a day and without fail went to the Philharmonic and the Opera House.


Photo of Sergei Rachmaninoff as a child | Senard

However, four years later, having quarreled with his mentor, the talented teenager quits his studies. He remained to live in Moscow, as his relatives sheltered him, and only in 1988 he continued his studies, already at the senior department of the Moscow Conservatory, from which he graduated with a gold medal at the age of 19 in two areas - as a pianist and as a composer. By the way, even at a tender age, Sergei Rachmaninov, whose short biography is inextricably linked with the greatest Russian musicians, met Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky. It was thanks to him that the first opera of the young talent “Aleko” based on the work of A. S. Pushkin was staged on the stage of the Moscow Bolshoi Theater.


Senard

After graduating from the conservatory, the young man began teaching young ladies at women's institutes. Sergei Rachmaninov also taught piano privately, although he always did not like being a teacher. Later, the composer took the place of conductor at the Moscow Bolshoi Theater and led the orchestra when they staged performances from the Russian repertoire. Another conductor, the Italian I. K. Altani, was responsible for foreign productions. When the October Revolution of 1917 occurred, Rachmaninov did not accept it, so he emigrated from Russia at the first opportunity. He took advantage of the invitation to give a concert in Stockholm and never returned from there.


Sergei Vasilievich Rachmaninov | Senard

It should be noted that in Europe, Sergei Vasilyevich was left without money and property, since otherwise he would not have been released abroad. He decided to perform as a pianist. Sergei Rachmaninov gave concert after concert and very quickly paid off his debts, and also gained enormous fame. At the end of 1918, the musician sailed by boat to New York, where he was greeted as a hero and a star of the first magnitude. In the USA, Rachmaninov continued to tour as a pianist, and occasionally as a conductor, and did not stop this activity until the end of his life. Americans literally idolized the Russian composer, and a crowd of photographers always followed him. Sergei even had to use tricks to get rid of the annoying attention. For example, he often rented a hotel room but slept in a private railroad car to confuse reporters.

Works

While still a student at the conservatory, Rachmaninov became famous at the Moscow level. It was then that he wrote the First Piano Concerto, the Prelude in C-sharp minor, which became his calling card for many years, as well as many lyrical romances. But the career that had started so successfully was interrupted due to the failure of the First Symphony. After its performance at the St. Petersburg Concert Hall, the composer received a barrage of criticism and devastating reviews. For more than three years, Sergei Vasilyevich did not compose anything, was depressed and spent almost all the time lying at home on the sofa. Only by resorting to the help of a hypnotist did the young man manage to overcome his creative crisis.

In 1901, Rachmaninov finally wrote a new major work, “Second Piano Concerto.” And this opus is still considered one of the greatest works of classical music. Even modern musicians note the influence of this creation. For example, based on it, Matthew Bellamy, frontman of the group Muse, created such compositions as “Space Dementia”, “Megalomania” and “Ruled by Secrecy”. You can also feel the melody of the Russian composer in the songs “The Fallen Priest”, “All by Myself” and “I Think of You” by Frank Sinatra.

The symphonic poem “Island of the Dead”, “Symphony No. 2”, which, unlike the first, was a tremendous success with the public, as well as the very complex “Piano Sonata No. 2” turned out to be absolutely stunning. In it, Rachmaninov made extensive use of the effect of dissonance and developed its application to the maximum level. Speaking about the work of the Russian composer, one cannot help but mention the magically beautiful “Vocalise”. This work was published as part of the collection of Fourteen Songs, but is usually performed alone and is an indication of the performance's mastery. Today there are versions of “Vocalise” not only for voice, but also for piano, violin and other instruments, including with orchestra.

After emigration, Sergei Vasilyevich did not write significant works for a very long time. Only in 1927 did he release Piano Concerto No. 4 and several Russian songs. In the last years of his life, Rachmaninov created only three musical works - “Symphony No. 3”, “Rhapsody on a Theme of Paganini for Piano and Orchestra” and “Symphonic Dances”. But it is noteworthy that all three belong to the pinnacle of world classical music.

Personal life

Rachmaninov was a very amorous man, in whose heart feelings for the ladies around him repeatedly flared up. And it was precisely thanks to such emotionality that the composer’s romances turned out to be so lyrical. Sergei was about 17 years old when he met the Skalon sisters. The young man especially singled out one of them, Vera, whom he called either Verochka or “My Psychopath”. Rachmaninov's romantic feeling turned out to be mutual, but at the same time purely platonic. The young man dedicated the song “In the Silence of the Secret Night,” a romance for cello and piano, as well as the second part of his First Piano Concerto, to Vera Scalon.


Senard

After returning to Moscow, Sergei writes the girl a huge number of love letters, of which about a hundred have survived. But at the same time, the ardent young man falls in love with Anna Lodyzhenskaya, the wife of his friend. For her, he composes the romance “Oh no, I pray you don’t go!”, which has become a classic. And Rachmaninov met his future wife, Natalya Alexandrovna Satina, much earlier, because she was the daughter of the very relatives who sheltered him when Sergei dropped out of school at the boarding house.


With daughters Irina and Tatyana | Senard

In 1893, Rachmaninov realized that he was in love and gave his beloved a new romance, “Don’t sing, beauty, in front of me.” The personal life of Sergei Rachmaninov changes nine years later - Natalya becomes the official wife of the young composer, and a year later - the mother of his eldest daughter Irina. Rachmaninov also had a second daughter, Tatyana, who was born in 1907. But Sergei Vasilyevich’s love of love did not exhaust itself there. One of the “muses” of the Russian classical legend was the young singer Nina Koshits, for whom he specially wrote a number of vocal parts. But after Sergei Vasilyevich emigrated, he was accompanied on his tours only by his wife, whom Rachmaninov called “the good genius of my whole life.”


Sergei Rachmaninov and his wife Natalya Satina | Senard

Despite the fact that the composer and pianist spent most of his time in the United States, he often visited Switzerland, where he built the luxurious Senar villa, which offers an amazing view of Lake Firvaldstät and Mount Pilatus. The name of the villa is an abbreviation of the names of its owners - Sergei and Natalia Rachmaninov. In this house, the man fully realized his long-time passion for technology. There you could find an elevator, a toy railroad, and one of the new products of that time - a vacuum cleaner. The composer was also the holder of a patent for his invention: he created a special muff with a heating pad attached to it, in which pianists could warm their hands before a concert. Also in the star’s garage there was always a brand new Cadillac or Continental, which he changed every year.


With grandchildren Sofinka Volkonskaya and Sasha Konyus | Senard

The biography of Sergei Vasilyevich Rachmaninov would be incomplete if we did not talk about his love for Russia. All his life the composer remained a patriot; in exile he surrounded himself with Russian friends, Russian servants, and Russian books. But he refused to return because he did not recognize Soviet power. However, when Nazi Germany attacked the USSR, Rachmaninov was almost on the verge of panic. He began sending money collected from many concerts to the Red Army Fund and encouraged many of his acquaintances to follow his example.

Death

All his life, Sergei Vasilyevich smoked a lot, almost never parting with cigarettes. Most likely, it was this addiction that caused melanoma in the composer in his declining years. True, Rachmaninov himself did not suspect about cancer, he worked until his last days and just a month and a half before his death gave a grandiose concert in the USA, which became his last.


Senard

The great Russian composer did not live to see his 70th birthday by only three days. He died in his California apartment in Beverly Hills on March 28, 1943.

Year of manufacture: 2003

Genre: Infectious diseases

Format: PDF

Quality: OCR

Description: HIV infection was first described in 1981 by the US Centers for Disease Control (CDC) Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (MMWR, 1981). This disease was called acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), which occurs in sexually active people, injection drug users, and recipients of blood and its products. It was indicated that the disease has the same mode of transmission as viral hepatitis B.
In 1983, human T-cell lymphotropic virus (LAV) was isolated in the laboratory of Luc Montagny at the Pasteur Institute in Paris, and in the same year, T-cell lymphotropic virus type III (HTLV3) was discovered by Robert Gallo and his collaborators. Then it turned out that these viruses are identical. The virus was named human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). This virus belongs to the group of RNA-containing retroviruses that have an enzyme - reverse transcriptase, which ensures the appearance of viral DNA in the genome of cells with damage to macrophages, T4-CD4 + lymphocytes and replication of the virus in the latter. Progressive destruction of the immune system leads to the development of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Due to the fact that HIV antibodies are present in this disease long before the development of AIDS, the disease has also received another name abroad - HIV disease. It has been established that after seroconversion, a flu-like syndrome can develop, sometimes with clinical signs of encephalitis or aseptic meningitis. People can carry the virus for many years without showing signs of illness. Gradually, the immune system is destroyed by the virus, the number of CO4+ lymphocytes decreases, and the disease progresses.
Currently, the situation in the world with HIV infection, the plague of the 20th century, can be put on a par with two world wars, both in terms of the number of lives lost and the damage it causes to society. “HIV/AIDS is a global problem that has reached catastrophic proportions,” said UN Secretary-General Kofi Annan at an international conference at UN headquarters on June 25, 2001.
Currently, the disease is developing as two epidemics:

  1. a horizontal epidemic spreading parenterally (in the vast majority of cases, due to intravenous drug use) and sexually;
  2. vertical epidemic, which is characterized by the birth of HIV-infected children from infected mothers.

This problem is given a lot of attention by domestic and foreign researchers [Pokrovsky V.I., 1989-1999; Pokrovsky V.V., 19912000; Khaitov R. M., Ignatieva G. A., 1992; Rakhmanova A.G., 1994, 2000; Lobzin Yu. V. et al., 1998; Ermak T.N., 1999; Levy J., 1989; Cameron W., 1996; Fleming R. et al., 1999; Ho D., 1999; Gazzard V., 1999].
In our country, the first imported cases of HIV infection were identified in the early 80s by V.I. Pokrovsky. Later, the first case of HIV infection in a citizen of the USSR was described in the domestic literature [Pokrovsky V.V. et al., 1987, 1992], and the first case of death from AIDS [Rakhmanova A.G. et al., 1989].
V.V. Pokrovsky identifies several stages in the development of the HIV epidemic in Russia. Until 1988, the disease was registered mainly among foreigners or persons who had sexual contact with foreigners. In 1988-1989 the author characterized nosocomial outbreaks of HIV infection in a number of Russian cities (Elista, Volgograd, Rostov). In 1990-1995 There was a slow increase in the number of HIV-infected people infected through sexual contact, mainly in large cities. Since 1996, an epidemic rise in the incidence of HIV infection among injection drug addicts began [Pokrovsky V.V., 1998]. According to experts, in the coming years the number of HIV-infected people in Russia may reach half a million people or more.
As of December 1, 2001, there were over 40 million people living with HIV in the world (including 5 million infected in 2001), of which 17.6 million were women and 2.7 million were children under 15 years of age. In 2001, 1.1 million women and 580,000 children under the age of 15 died from AIDS. Every year, women with HIV infection give birth to about 600,000 infected children. It is believed that from 62% to 85% of perinatal transmission occurs during childbirth or in the early neonatal period. In children, AIDS is one of the six most common causes of death, and in Africa it is the first (75-80% of children are infected perinatally, about 20% through blood, its preparations and dirty needles).
Comprehensive studies carried out in our country and abroad have obtained data on the clinical characteristics of secondary and opportunistic infections, as well as the results of the use of highly active antiretroviral therapy, mainly in adults [Pokrovsky V.I., 1989; Pokrovsky V.V. et al., 1989-2000; Rakhmanova A. G. et al., 1989-2000; Kravchenko A.V. et al., 1993; Lysenko A. Ya. et al., 1996; Zmushko E.I., 1996, 2000; Shakhgildyan V.N., 1997; Ermak T.N., 1999; Yurin O. G., 1999; Bartlett J., 1997, 2000; Carpenter J. et al., 1996, 2000].
At the same time, many issues of clinical manifestations of the disease in children, antiretroviral therapy regimens, behavioral characteristics of children and caregivers that influence the implementation of such therapy, as well as the organization of medical and social care for children with HIV infection are not sufficiently covered in the literature and need further study [Gorshkova N.V., 1998; Nielsen K., 2000; Autran B. et al., 1997; Krogstad R. et al., 1999]. Works published in the domestic literature on the quality of life of both HIV patients and their relatives are also rare [Ulyukin I.M., 2001].
All of the above served as an incentive to present data from a long-term study (1991-2001) of the clinic of HIV infection and opportunistic diseases in children and to evaluate the effectiveness of various antiretroviral drug regimens in complex therapy of patients based on the results of immunological, serological and molecular biological studies, for improving the system of providing medical and social care for this disease.

"HIV infection in children"

CLINICAL AND EPIDEMIOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF HIV INFECTION IN CHILDREN

  1. Epidemiology of HIV infection in children
  2. Diagnosis of HIV infection in young children
  3. Classifications of HIV infection in children
  4. Prognostic criteria for HIV infection in children
  5. Clinic and treatment of HIV infection and opportunistic diseases in children

CLINICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF DIFFERENT STAGES OF HIV INFECTION IN CHILDREN

  1. Characteristics of examined children with HIV infection
  2. Basic research methods and statistical processing of material
    1. Clinical assessment of patients' condition
    2. Laboratory, instrumental examination and statistical processing of material
  3. Clinical characteristics of different stages of HIV infection in children
  4. Pathology of the central nervous system and behavioral reactions in children with HIV infection
  5. Damage to the nervous system due to HIV infection in children

RESULTS OF ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY IN CHILDREN WITH NOSOCOMIAL HIV INFECTION

  1. Results of monotherapy
  2. Antiretroviral therapy regimens for examined children with HIV infection
  3. Determination of viral load in children with HIV infection
  4. Combination antiretroviral therapy
  5. Combination antiretroviral therapy using two reverse transcriptase inhibitors
  6. Antiretroviral triple-drug combination therapy
  7. Results of combination therapy in children with CD4-lymphocyte levels less than 0.2x109/l
  8. Results of combination therapy in children with CB4-lymphocyte levels more than 0.2x109/l
  9. Determination of HIV resistance to antiretroviral therapy
  10. Identification of mutations in the HIV-1 genome associated with resistance to antiretroviral drugs
  11. Clinical examples characterizing the success and failure of antiretroviral therapy in children with HIV infection

QUALITY OF LIFE OF CHILDREN WITH NOSOCOMIAL HIV INFECTION AND THEIR MOTHERS
MEDICAL AND SOCIAL ASSISTANCE FOR CHILDREN WITH NOSOCOMIAL HIV INFECTION

  1. Study of the psychological state of patients and people from their immediate environment
  2. Peculiarities of behavior of children with HIV infection
  3. Peculiarities of behavior of mothers of children with HIV infection
  4. The relationship between adherence to treatment regimen and psychological and behavioral characteristics of children with HIV infection and people from their immediate environment
  5. Improving the provision of medical and social care to children with nosocomial HIV infection

ORGANIZATION OF MEDICAL AND SOCIAL ASSISTANCE FOR CHILDREN WITH PERINATAL HIV INFECTION

  1. PCR diagnosis of HIV infection in children born to HIV-infected mothers
  2. Clinical manifestations of HIV infection in young children
  3. Clinical and immunological indicators, indications for antiretroviral therapy and its assessment in abandoned HIV-infected children born to HIV-positive mothers
  4. Clinical examples of diagnosis and treatment of HIV infection in young children
  5. Ways to organize medical and social care for children with perinatal HIV infection

Bibliography