English exercises present perfect passive. Passive voice in the completed present tense: Present Perfect Passive Voice

This article provides an example of converting the Future Perfect active voice form to the passive voice form. To complete this task, we need to use the structural diagram of the affirmative sentence Future Perfect:

Subject + will have + Verb III form + Object
Subject + will have + Verb III form + Object

We begin the transformation to the passive form by replacing the semantic verb with the following syntactic construction:

to be + V III form

This construction tells us that we must transform the auxiliary verb to be into the form in which the semantic verb appears in the sentence of the original active voice. And the semantic verb itself must be transformed into a verb of form III. Following this rule, we transform the verb to be into the third form - been, as well as the semantic verb into the same form (since it is already in the third form, the semantic verb does not change). Also, the subject and object change places, because in the passive voice the direction of influence changes from subject to object. As a result, we obtain the following structure corresponding to the passive voice of the Future Perfect tense in the affirmative form:

Subject + will have been + Verb III form +
Subject + will have been + Verb III form +

Interrogative form:

Will + Subject + have been + Verb III + ?
Will + Subject + have been + Verb III + ?

Negative form:

Subject + will + not + have been + Verb III +
Subject + will + not + have been + Verb III +

Example sentences:

1. The postbox (to empty) every day.
2. The letters (to deliver).

Answers: 1. is emptied 2. are postmarked. 3. are sorted. 4. is loaded. 5. are unloaded. 6. are taken. 7. are sorted. 8. are delivered.

Exercise 2. Open the brackets using verbs in the Past Simple Passive. (YESTERDAY)

1. The postbox (to empty) yesterday.
2. The stamps (to postmark) at the post office.
3. The letters (to sort) into the different towns.
4. The mail (to load) into the train.
5. The mailbags (to unload) after their journey.
6. The bags (to take) to the post office.
7. The letters (to sort) into the different streets.
8. The letters (to deliver).

Answers: 1. was emptied. 2.were posted. 3. were sorted. 4. was loaded. 5. were unloaded. 6.were taken. 7. were sorted. 8. were delivered.

Exercise 3. Open the brackets using verbs in the Future Simple Passive. (TOMORROW)

1. The postbox (to empty) tomorrow.
2. The stamps (to postmark) at the post office.
3. The letters (to sort) into the different towns.
4. The mail (to load) into the train.
5. The mailbags (to unload) after their journey.
6. The bags (to take) to the postoffice.
7. The letters (to sort) into the different streets.
8. The letters (to deliver).

Answers: 1. will be emptied. 2. will be posted. 3. will be sorted. 4. will be loaded. 5. will be unloaded. 6. will be taken. 7. will be sorted. 8. will be delivered.

Exercise 4. Open the brackets using verbs in the Present, Past or Future Simple Passive.

1. My question (to answer) yesterday.
2. Hockey (to play) in winter.
3. Mushrooms (to gather) in autumn.
4. Many houses (to burn) during the Great Fire of London.
5. His new book (to finish) next year.
6. Flowers (to sell) in shops and in the streets.
7. St. Petersburg (to found) in 1703.
8. Bread (to eat) every day.
9. The letter (to receive) yesterday.
10. Nick (to send) to Moscow next week.
11. I (to ask) at the lesson yesterday.
12. I (to give) a very interesting book at the library last Friday.
13. Many houses (to build) in our town every year.
14. This work (to do) tomorrow.
15. This text (to translate) at the last lesson.
16. These trees (to plant) last autumn.
17. Many interesting games always (to play) at our PT lessons.
18. This bone (to give) to my dog ​​tomorrow.
19. We (to invite) to a concert last Saturday.
20. Lost time never (to find) again.
21. Rome (not to build) in a day.

Answers: 1. was answered. 2. is played. 3. are gathered. 4. were burnt. 5. will be finished. 6. are sold. 7. was founded. 8. is eaten. 9. was received. 10. will be sent. 11. was asked. 12. was given. 13. are built. 14. will be done. 15. was translated. 16. were planted. 17. are always played. 18. will be given. 19. were invited. 20. is never found. 21. was not built.

Exercise 5. Open the brackets, choosing the required form of the verb.

1. At the station they will (meet, be met) by a man from the travel bureau.
2. She will (meet, be met) them in the hall upstairs.
3. The porter will (bring, be brought) your luggage to your room.
4. Your luggage will (bring, be brought) up in the lift.
5. You may (leave, be left) your hat and coat in the cloakroom downstairs.
6. They can (leave, be left) the key with the clerk downstairs.
7. From the station they will (take, be taken) straight to the hotel.
8. Tomorrow he will (take, be taken) them to the Russian Museum.

Answers: 1. will be met. 2. will meet. 3. will bring. 4. will be brought. 5. may leave. 6. can leave. 7. will be taken. 8. will take.

Exercise 6. Transmit the following sentences in Passive Voice, paying attention to the place of the preposition.

E.g. We often speak of her. - She is often spoken of.

1. The senior students laughed at the freshman.
2. The group spoke to the headmistress yesterday.
3. Young mothers looked after their babies with great care.
4. Nobody lived in that old house.
5. They sent for Jim and told him to prepare a report on that subject.
6. We thought about our friend all the time.
7. The doctor will operate on him in a week.
8. The teacher sent for the pupil’s parents.
9. They looked for the newspaper everywhere.
10. Nobody slept in the bed.
11. The neighbor asked for the telegram.
12. Everybody listened to the lecturer with great attention.

Answers: 1. The freshman was laughing at. 2. The headmistress was spoken to yesterday. 3. The babies looked after with great care. 4. That old house was not lived in. 5. Jim was sent for and told to prepare a report on that subject. 6. Our friend was thought about all the time. 7. He will be operated on in a week. 8. The pupil’s parents were sent for. 9. The newspaper was looked for everywhere. 10. The bed was not asleep in. 11. The telegram was asked for. 12. The lecturer was listened to with great attention.

Exercise 7. Open the brackets using verbs in Active Voice or Passive Voice.

1. Nobody (to see) him yesterday.
2. The telegram (to receive) tomorrow.
3. He (to give) me this book next week.
4. The answer to this question can (to find) in the encyclopedia.
5. We (to show) the historical monuments of the capital to the delegation tomorrow.
6. You can (to find) interesting information about the life in the USA in this book.
7. Budapest (to divide) by the Danube into two parts: Buda and Pest.
8. Yuri Dolgoruki (to found) Moscow in 1147.
9. Moscow University (to found) by Lomonosov.
10. We (to call) Zhukovski the father of Russian aviation.

Answers: 1.saw 2. will be received. 3. will give. 4. be found. 5. shall show. 6.find. 7. is divided. 8. founded. 9. was founded. 10. call

Exercise 8. Say the following sentences in Passive Voice.

1. Not stole a lot of money from the shop.
2. By six o'clock they had finished the work.
3. At twelve o'clock the workers were loading the trucks.
4. By three o'clock the workers had loaded the trucks.
5. We send our daughters to rest in the south every year.
6. They will show this film on TV.
7. They are building a new concert hall in our street.
8. I bought potatoes yesterday.
9. We shall bring the books tomorrow.
10. They are repairing the clock now.
11. They sell milk in this shop.
12. I have translated the whole text.
13. They broke the window last week.
14. When I came home, they had eaten the sweets.
15. We shall do the work in the evening.
16. He wrote this book in the 19th century.
17. They were playing tennis from four till five.
18. They have made a number of important experiments in this laboratory.
19. Livingstone explored Central Africa in the 19th century.
20. By the middle of autumn we had planted all the trees.
21. They will stage this play at the beginning of next season.
22. They have forgotten the story.
23. Has anybody explained the rules of the game to you?
24. They haven't brought back my skates.

Answers: 1. A lot of money was stolen from the shop. 2. By six o’clock the work had been finished. 3. At twelve o’clock the trucks were being loaded. 4. By three o’clock the trucks had been loaded. 5. Our daughter is sent to rest in the south every year. 6. This film will be shown on TV. 7. A new concert hall is being built in our street. 8. Potatoes were bought yesterday. 9. The books will be brought tomorrow. 10. The clock is being repaired now. 11. Milk is sold in this shop. 12. The whole text has been translated.. 13. The window was broken last week. 14. When I came home, the sweets had been eaten. 15. The work will be done in the evening. 16. This book was written in the 19th century. 17. Tennis was being played.from four till five. 18. The number of important experiments K-we have been made in this laboratory. 19. Central Africa was explored by Livingstone in the 19th century. 20. By the middle of autumn all the trees had been planted. 21. This play will be staged at the beginning of next season. 22. The story has been forgotten. 23. Have the rules of the game been explained to you? 24. My skates haven’t been brought back.

Exercise 9. Send the following sentences into Active Voice. Enter any appropriate subjects.

1. The room was cleaned and aired.
2. Have all these books been read?
3. Whom were these letters written by?
4. The letter has just been typed.
5. She showed me the picture which had been painted by her husband.
6. I shall not be allowed to go there.
7. He has been told everything, so he knows what to do now.
8. All the questions must be answered.
9. The door has been left open.
10. Betty was met at the station.
11. The girl was not allowed to go to the concert.
12. She said that the new timetable had not yet been hung up on the notice board.
13. The roast chicken was eaten with appetite.
14. It was so dark, that the houses could not be seen.
15. The light has not yet been turned off.
16. The boy was punished for misbehaving.
17. By three o'clock everything had been prepared.
18. The dictation was written without mistakes.
19. Whom was the poem written by?
20. Her dress was washed and ironed.
21. I was not blamed for the mistakes.
22. The papers had been looked through and corrected by the next lesson.
23. This house was built last year.
24. The letter has just been sent.
25. This article will be translated at the lesson on Tuesday.
26. When will this book be returned to the library?

Answers: I. She cleaned and aired the room. 2. Have you read all these books? 3. Who wrote these letters? 4.The secretary has just typed the letter. 5. She showed me the picture which her husband had painted. 6. My parents will not allow me to go there. 7. We have told him everything so he knows what to do. 8. You must answer all the questions. 9. They have left the door open. 10. We met Betty at the station.
II. The girl’s mother did not allow her to go to the concert. 12. She said that they had not yet hung up the new timetable on the notice board. 13. We eat the chicken with appetite. 14. It was so dark that we could not see the houses. 15. They have not yet turned off the light. 16. She punished the boy for misbehaving. 17. By three o’clock we had prepared everything. 18. We wrote the dictation without mistakes. 19. Who wrote the poem? 20. She washed and ironed her dress. 21. They did not blame me for the mistakes. 22. The teacher had looked through and corrected the papers by the next lesson. 23.They built this house last year. 24. We have just sent the letter. 25. We shall translate this article at the lesson on Tuesday. 26. When will you return this book to the library?

Exercise 10. Translate into English using verbs in Passive Voice.

1. They showed us a very strange picture.
2. They are looking for you. Go home.
3. You will all be invited to the hall and told about all the changes in the school curriculum.
4. Why do people always laugh at him?
5. We were all given tickets to the exhibition.
6. The lectures of this famous professor are always listened to with great attention.
7. Someone is waiting for me?
8. They were asked three difficult questions.
9. The director has already been sent for. Wait a bit.
10. Everyone was invited to a big hall.
11. These letters have been viewed. They can be sent.
12. A guide met them at the station and took them to the hotel.
13. These magazines should be returned to the library next week.
14. In our classes, a lot of attention is paid to pronunciation.
15. Ivanov was told to explain why he was missing classes.
16. Will I be invited to your party?
17. The children were left at home alone.

Answers: 1. We were shown a very strange picture. 2. You are being looked for. Go home. 3. All of you will be gathered in the hall and told about all the changes in the school curriculum. 4. Why is he always laughing at? 5. All of us were given tickets to the exhibition. 6. The lectures of this famous professor are always listened to with great attention. 7. Am I being waited for? 8. They were asked three difficult questions. 9. The headmaster has already been sent for. Please wait a little. 10. Everybody was invited to a big hall. 11. These letters have been looked through. They can be sent. 12. At the station they were met by the guide and taken to the hotel. 13. These magazines must be returned to the library next week. 14. At our lessons much attention is paid to pronunciation. 15. Ivanov was told to explain why he missed classes. 16. Shall I be invited to your party? 17. The children were left alone at home.

WELL DONE!

Literature:

1. Pavlichenko O.M. English language. Grammar workshop. Level II. - 2nd ed., rev. and additional - X.: Ranok, 2012. - 304 p.
2. Golitsynsky Yu.B. Grammar: Collection of exercises. - 5th ed., - St. Petersburg: KARO, 2005. - 544 p. - (English for schoolchildren).

To become fluent in English, it is not enough to learn to use only the 12 tenses of the active voice. In everyday life, sometimes we have to deal with situations when, for example, we do not know the person who carried out the action, but we want to talk about the events that occurred. How then to express them? For such cases, the English use passive voice, which translated into Russian means passive, or in other words, passive voice. Today we will analyze one of its directions found in speech and texts - the past perfect passive. We will learn how the structures of this time are formed and practice the skill of using them by performing thematic exercises.

Why use the passive voice?

While studying English in theory, for the time being, students do not have to encounter the passive voice in texts or speech. But when a person reaches an average level of knowledge of English and moves on to reading newspapers, magazines and books on his own, he immediately encounters this construction in the texts. There are several typical cases of using predicates in an inactive form. Let's look at them.

The passive voice is used when the speaker wants to emphasize the significance of events/actions, and not the person who committed them. In this case, the object is placed in the foreground, on which the action itself is performed.

• Olgahasdoneallexercises– Olga did everything exercises (emphasis on the person who performed the actions).
• AllexerciseshavebeendonebyOlga – All exercises were performed by Olga(the fact of taking actions is important).

It is impossible to do without using passive voice in cases where it is not possible to accurately determine the performer of the actions.

• Thisstoresendsemailseveryweek– This store sends emails every week.(face known)
• Theseemailsaresenteveryweek– These emails are sent every week(unknown who)

Also, the passive voice is often found in the media and official speech, for example, when discussing the negative consequences of events for which there is no one to blame or they do not want to name the culprit. In addition, such constructions are used to give the statement a polite and neutral tone.

• Hiselectioncampaignwasfailed “His election campaign was a failure.
• Yourrequestwasn't'tprocessedyesterdaybutitwillbeprocessedtoday – Your request was not processed yesterday, but it will be processed today.

As can be seen from the examples given, the passive form can be used not only in the past perfect passive, but also in almost any tense, except for the continuous future and the perfect continuous (Future/Perfect Progressive). If you need to describe the process of an action, you should use the passive forms of the Present/Past Continuous tenses or even put the sentence in the active voice. It is impossible to consider all types of passive constructions at once, so today we will study only one tense group.

The passive voice of this tense has the same meaning as the active voice - to show the completion of one action before, or at the moment, the beginning/origin of another. Such sentences are used, of course, not as often as the forms of the present and past tense, but sometimes they are found both in texts and in colloquial speech. Let's take a closer look at the rules for their construction, which will help us later correctly perform practical exercises.

The construction of the past perfect predicate in passive voice consists of three main parts: the auxiliary verb have in the past tense, the corresponding form of the verb to be and participle II. The generalized diagram looks like this.

Thefax (1) hadbeen (2) sent (3) beforethebosscame attheoffice (4) – The fax was sent before the boss arrived at the office.

The interrogative and negative forms of the passive voice of this tense group are formed using the auxiliary word had. When creating a question, this part is simply brought forward.

Had (1) work (2)been (3) finished (4) by that time (5) ? – Was the work finished by then?

To create a negation, take the affirmation construction and simply add the negative word not to had.

Theletter (1) hadn't'tbeen (2) written(3) yetwhenIreturned home (4) – The letter had not yet been written when I returned home.

There are cases when the interrogative form is used with negation. This is necessary, for example, if we want to clarify whether something really was not done. For such a situation, the diagram will look like this.

Had (1) the letter (2) not been (3) written (4) when you returned home (5)? – LetterNotwasit is written,WhenYoubackhome?

Please note that when constructing a negative question, not remains adjacent to been, rather than following had at the beginning of the sentence.

To remember the rules and practice constructing structures, we present example sentences in all possible variations.

We have worked on the main types of speech constructions of the past perfect tense, in which you can find the use of passive voice. The time has come to test your strength in performing various tasks. We wish you to successfully complete all exercises!

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Exercise 1.

Read the texts and find the sentences with Present Perfect Active and Present Perfect Passive tense forms. Translate them into your language.

Nina has lived in Sydney for two years. She has done a lot of things in Sydney. She has seen several plays, she has gone to the picture galleries and museums. She has visited the circus as well, and she has taken a tour to the Islands on Port Jackson. However, there are a lot of planned things she hasn’t done yet. She hasn’t gone to the Australian Reptile Park yet. Nina hasn’t been to some other parks yet.

The boss is angry with his secretary today because important letters haven’t been typed yet. Tea has been given to him cold. Wrong telephone numbers have been written down. The mail hasn’t been sent in time. A lot of time has been spent over the telephone.

Exercise 2. Change the sentences with Present Perfect Active into Present Perfect Passive.

Example : I have already finished my work. My work ... - My work has already been finished.

I have already taken the books back to the library.The books...

She has just posted those letters.Those letters...

The teacher has already checked my test.My test...

He has lost the key.The key...

We have opened all the windows.All the windows...

I have bought bread on the way home.Bread...

I have done this exercise.This exercise...

Exercise 3. Imagine that your classroom and the school yard have been thoroughly cleaned. Say what has been done by whom.

Example The windows... (to wash) - The windows have been washed by the girls.

The desks... (to wash)

The flowers... (to water)

The floor... (to mop)

The furniture... (to dust)

The grass... (to cut)

The trees... (to cut)

Exercise 4 . Answer the questions about your English lesson using Present Perfect Passive.

Have you been asked to read a text?

Has the text been translated?

Have the new words been written down?

Have the exercises been done by all the pupils?

Has your friend been asked to recite something?

Has large homework been given?

Who has been given good (bad) marks?

Have you been praised by the teacher?

Exercise 5. Use Present Perfect Active or Passive of the verbs in brackets to complete the sentences.

Peter... (to break) the window.

The exercise... (to write) already.

The text... (to translate) by Victor.

The teacher just... (to explain) the new rule.

We (to learn) the Passive Voice already.

A new school... (to build) in this street.

Exercise 6. Translate into English using Present Perfect Active or Passive.

I just bought a newspaper. 2. The TV has just been turned off. 3. He has already answered the question. 4. The words have just been written on the board. 5. We have already talked about this. 6. All answers have already been given. 7. This was just said on the radio. 8. I have already watched this film 9. They didn’t tell me anything about it. 10.All sentences have already been written.

Answers:

Exercise1. All the sentences in text A are in Present Perfect Active. All the sentences in text B are in Present Perfect Passive.

Exercise2. The books have already been taken back to the library by me. Those letters have just been posted by her. My test has already been checked by the teacher. The key has been lost by him. All the windows have been opened by us. Bread has been bought by me on the way home. This exercise has been done by me.

Exercise3. The desks have been washed by the pupils. The flowers have been watered by Molly. The floor has been mopped by the cleaners. The furniture has been to dusted by the boys. The grass has been to cut by the caretaker. The trees have been cut by the workmen.

Exercise4. Your own answers.

Exercise5. 1 has broken, 2 has already been written, 3 has been translated, 4 has just explained, 5 have learned, 6 has been built

Exercise6. I have just bought the newspaper. The TV-set has just been switched off.Nothas already answered this question. The words have just been written on the blackboard. We've already spoken about it. All the answers have already been given. This has just been said over the radio. I've already watched this film. I haven't been told anything about it. All the sentences have already been written.