Musical genres and their works table. List of musical genres, movements and styles

There are a great variety of musical genres and trends. If you start listing the genres of music, the list will simply be endless, since dozens of new musical movements appear on the borders of different styles from year to year. This is due to the development of music technologies, new developments in the field of sound production, sound production, but first of all - with people’s need for a unique sound, with a thirst for new emotions and sensations. Be that as it may, there are four broad musical movements that, in one way or another, gave rise to all other styles. There are also no clear boundaries between them, and yet the production of a musical product, the content of songs and the structure of arrangements are noticeably different. So what are the different genres of vocal music, at least the main ones?

Pop

Pop music is not only a movement, but also an entire mass culture. The song is the only form that is acceptable in the pop genre.

The key points in creating a pop composition are the presence of the most simple and memorable melody, construction on the verse-chorus principle, and the rhythm and human voice are brought to the fore in the sound. The purpose for which pop music is created is purely entertainment. A pop performer cannot do without show ballet, stage performances and, of course, expensive video clips.

Pop music is a commercial product, so it constantly changes in sound depending on the style at the peak of popularity. For example, when jazz was in favor in the United States, performers like Frank Sinatra became popular. And in France, chanson has always been honored, so Mireille Mathieu and Patricia Kaas are unique French pop icons. When there was a wave of popularity of rock music, pop artists widely used guitar riffs in their compositions (Michael Jackson), then there was an era of mixing pop and disco (Madonna, Abba), pop and hip-hop (Beastie Boys), etc.

Modern world stars (Madonna, Britney Spears, Beyonce, Lady Gaga) have picked up the wave of rhythm and blues and are developing it in their work.

Rock

The lead in rock music is given to the electric guitar, and the highlight of the song is usually the expressive solo of the guitarist. The rhythm section is heavy, and the musical pattern is often complicated. Not only powerful vocals are welcome, but also mastery of the technique of splitting, screaming, growling and all kinds of roars.

Rock is a sphere of experimentation, expression of one's own thoughts, and sometimes revolutionary judgments. The subject matter of the texts is quite broad: the social, political and religious structure of society, personal problems and experiences. It is difficult to imagine a rock performer without his own band, since performances are only performed live.

The most common rock music genres - list and examples:

• rock and roll (Elvis Presley, The Beatles);
• instrumental rock (Joe Satriani, Frank Zappa);
• hard rock (Led Zeppelin, Deep Purple);
• glam rock (Aerosmith, Queen);
• punk rock (Sex Pistols, Green Day);
• metal (Iron Maiden, Korn, Deftones);
• (Nirvana, Red Hot Chili Peppers, 3 Doors Down), etc.

Jazz

When describing modern genres of music, the list would be worth starting with jazz, since it had a huge influence on the development of other genres, including pop and rock. Jazz is a music based on African motifs brought to the United States from West Africa by black slaves. Over the century of its existence, the direction has significantly transformed, but what remains unchanged is the passion for improvisation, free rhythm and widespread use. Jazz legends include: Ella Fitzgerald, Louis Armstrong, Duke Ellington, etc.

Electronic

The 21st century is the era of electronics, and the electronic direction in music today occupies one of the leading positions. Here the bets are placed not on live instruments, but on electronic synthesizers and computer sound emulators.

Here are the most popular and in-demand electronic music genres, a list of which will give you a general idea:

• house (David Guetta, Benny Benassi);
• techno (Adam Beyer, Juan Atkins);
• dubstep (Skrillex, Skream);
• trance (Paul van Dyk, Armin van Buuren), etc.

Musicians are not interested in adhering to the boundaries of style, so the relationship between performers and styles is always quite arbitrary. Music genres, the list of which is not limited to the above-mentioned areas, have recently tended to lose their characteristic features: performers mix musical genres, there is always room for amazing discoveries and unique finds in music, and the listener is interested in getting acquainted with the latest musical novelties every time.

We warn you right away that it is very difficult to answer the question of what genres of music there are in one article. Over the entire history of music, so many genres have accumulated that it is impossible to measure them with a yardstick: chorale, romance, cantata, waltz, symphony, ballet, opera, prelude, etc.

For decades, musicologists have been “breaking their spears”, trying to classify musical genres (by the nature of the content, by functions, for example). But before we dwell on the typology, let’s clarify the very concept of genre.

What is a musical genre?

Genre is a kind of model with which specific music is correlated. It has certain conditions of execution, purpose, form and nature of content. So, the purpose of a lullaby is to calm the baby, so “swaying” intonations and a characteristic rhythm are typical for it; c – all expressive means of music are adapted to a clear step.

What are the genres of music: classification

The simplest classification of genres is based on the method of execution. These are two large groups:

• instrumental (march, waltz, etude, sonata, fugue, symphony)
• vocal genres (aria, song, romance, cantata, opera, musical).

Another typology of genres is related to the performance environment. It belongs to A. Sokhor, a scientist who claims that there are genres of music:

• ritual and cult (psalms, mass, requiem) - they are characterized by generalized images, the dominance of the choral principle and the same mood among the majority of listeners;
• mass household (varieties of song, march and dance: polka, waltz, ragtime, ballad, anthem) - characterized by a simple form and familiar intonations;
• concert genres (oratorio, sonata, quartet, symphony) – typically performed in a concert hall, lyrical tone as the author’s self-expression;
• theatrical genres (musical, opera, ballet) - require action, plot and scenery.

In addition, the genre itself can be divided into other genres. Thus, opera seria (“serious” opera) and opera buffa (comic) are also genres. At the same time, there are several more varieties that also form new genres (lyric opera, epic opera, operetta, etc.)

Genre names

You could write a whole book about what names music genres have and how they come about. Names can tell about the history of the genre: for example, the dance’s name “kryzhachok” is due to the fact that the dancers were positioned in a cross (from the Belarusian “kryzh” - cross). Nocturne (“night” - translated from French) was performed at night in the open air. Some names originate from the names of instruments (fanfare, musette), others from songs (Marseillaise, Camarina).

Often music receives the name of a genre when it is transferred to another environment: for example, folk dance to ballet. But it also happens the other way around: the composer takes the theme “Seasons” and writes a work, and then this theme becomes a genre with a certain form (4 seasons as 4 parts) and the nature of the content.

Instead of a conclusion

When talking about what genres of music there are, one cannot fail to mention a common mistake. There is confusion in concepts when classical, rock, jazz, hip-hop are called genres. It is important to remember here that genre is a scheme on the basis of which works are created, and style rather indicates the characteristics of the musical language of creation.

The purpose of this article is to introduce readers to various modern musical genres and the musical means that composers use when creating works within a certain style. The ability to navigate musical genres and subgenres is one of the first signs of professionalism, so this article will be of interest to all those who have already embarked on the path of improvement in the musical field.

Most critics divide modern musical genres into three main directions: pop, rock and rap, which in turn are rooted in earlier styles and have spawned a large number of their own offshoots.

Pop is modern popular music. This is a very broad term that covers many genres such as disco, trance, house, techno, funk, new wave and others. Let's stop and look at the features of each of them.

• Disco. Not long ago it was the most popular genre of dance-pop music. It is characterized by an abundance of effects, the leading role of the rhythm section of drums and bass, as well as the secondary, background sound of strings and wind instruments.
• Trance. It belongs to one of the genres of electronic music and is notable for its high emotional impact on the listener. This effect is achieved through the use of sad, “cosmic” melodies.
• House. This is the name of dance, completely electronic music. The main and only instrument is the synthesizer. A distinctive feature of this genre is the presence of looped musical phrases and solo melodies. Effects are widely used.
• Techno. In one phrase we can say this: futuristic music of the big city. Techno features include fantastic melodies, dark metallic sound, and “cold” vocals devoid of emotion.
• Funk. One of the dance genres, which is characterized by clearly defined drummers dominating all other instruments, low melody, and “sloppy” rhythm.
• New wave. A genre of popular music that evolved from punk rock and uses the same musical means.

Rock as an independent genre, its roots are in the “black” American blues, which appeared in the 20s and 30s. Traditional blues consists of 12 bars, that is, sections of a composition consisting of several notes, the first of which has a stress or accent. To the main toolkit blues includes a counter bass or bass that sets the rhythm, a lead guitar, drums, often keyboards and wind instruments. To be completely precise, rock emerged from a branch of this genre - guitar blues, which already had much less keyboards and brass instruments.

Appearance rock And rock and roll, concepts that are often identified with musicians such as Elvis Presley and the Beatles. The former can be called the popularizer of this genre, while the Beatles were the ones who turned rock into art.

Musically, rock has remained practically the same blues, but their semantic content is different: rock is music of protest against society, government or something else.

Rock has many subgenres, the main ones being soft rock, hard rock, pop rock, folk rock, punk rock, psychedelic rock, heavy metal and thrash.

• Hard rock. Literally this translates as “heavy, hard.” This style has such a name for a reason, because its sound corresponds to what it is called. Heaviness in hard rock is achieved through the dominant sound of a loud and powerful rhythm section over the rest of the instruments. In most cases, the drums, bass or rhythm guitar are “heavier”. Overdrive and distortion effects are often used in hard rock.
• Pop rock. Popular rock. This style is well balanced, using all kinds of effects and popular arrangements. Pop rock includes any rock music that is intended for a wide audience of listeners.
• Folk rock. This is rock music with elements of folk music.
• Punk rock. This genre includes rough, often unprofessional, but expressive music, which is characterized by simple, unpretentious, but shocking melodies.
• Psychedelic rock. Complex, unconventional music, full of various effects. This music has a high level of emotional impact on the listener.
• Heavy metal is called harsh metal music, which is often inharmonious. She is far from the usual standards.
• Thrash. This is a very tough genre, which is characterized by complexity and continuity of melodies, as well as improvisation.

Rap how the genre evolved from dance music. Characteristic features: uneven rhythm, complex experiments with drummers, the presence of looped musical fragments. One of the main features of rap is the absence of vocals, which are replaced by recitative. Rap is read like poetry, not sung. The main instruments are drums and a complex bass, which often plays solo. Rap musicians often use the scratch effect - the creaking of vinyl records.

Most likely rap originated from reggae- a dance style that originated in Jamaica. These two styles have a lot in common: the same uneven, ragged rhythm, the presence of looped musical fragments, and a complex drummer.

Style in music. Classification of musical genres

Topic 1.3. Genres of musical art

Target: familiarization with style in music, classification of musical genres.

1. STYLE IN MUSIC

The word “style” is of Latin origin and in translation means a way of presentation, a way of speaking. Style in music, the sum of all elements and techniques used in it, its “final” form, is called. Styles are usually classified by composer and era.

Style means:

Sustainable unity of the figurative principles of artistic movements of different historical eras;

Characteristic features of both a separate work and the genre as a whole;

Creative style of individual composers.

Style in music presupposes the commonality of works of musical art with the characteristic features of works of other types of art of a particular historical period: baroque, classicism, romanticism, impressionism, expressionism, etc.

Baroque(Italian barocco - fancy, pretentious, strange) - a style that dominated art from the end of the 16th to the first half of the 18th century. The Baroque reflected the internal contradictions of the era in connection with the feudal-Catholic reaction and the active rise of advanced forces. The leading position of genres is fugue, cantata, oratorio, opera, the emergence of instrumental genres of sonata and concerto. The brightest representatives of the Baroque era were A. Vivaldi, J. S. Bach and G. F. Handel.

Classicism(from lat. classicus - exemplary) – style in art of the 17th – 18th centuries. The ideals of classicism were the ideas of the philosophy of rationalism - the belief in the rationality of existence, the presence of a universal order, and the harmony of human nature.

The highest stage of classicism was Viennese classical school – artistic movement in European musical culture of the 18th – early 19th centuries, to which J. Haydn, W.A. Mozart and L. van Beethoven belong. Each of them was a bright individual: Haydn’s style is a bright worldview, the leading role is genre and everyday elements; Mozart has a lyrical-dramatic beginning; Beethoven’s is the embodiment of the heroic pathos of struggle.

Romanticism(from French Romantisme) is an artistic movement of the late 18th – early 19th centuries. Features of the direction in musical art are a bright individual, personal beginning, a reflection of a person’s emotional life, spiritual sublimity, interest in folk art, denial of soullessness, relief imagery, a fantastic vision of the world. The lyrical principle determined the desire of the romantics for the infinity of musical development, as well as the interest of composers in chamber forms (poems, ballads, fantasies).

Prominent representatives of romanticism in music: F. Schubert, F. Mendelssohn, R. Schumann, R. Wagner, J. Brahms, F. Liszt, F. Chopin, N. Paganini and others.

Impressionism(from French impression - impression) arose in Western Europe in the last quarter of the 19th - early 20th centuries. Characteristic features are the desire to embody fleeting impressions, inspired landscapes, psychological nuances, to create colorful genre sketches and musical portraits.

The classic expression of impressionism in music is the work of French composers C. Debussy and M. Ravel.

Realism(from Late Latin realis - material, real) - a creative method in art, implying a truthful and multifaceted reflection of reality in conjunction with the obvious author's position, typification of characters and circumstances, interest in the problem of the value of the individual in society.

In the works of Western European composers of the second half of the 19th century, realism was reflected in the works of J. Bizet, G. Verdi, I. Brahms, F. Liszt and others.

The founder of the realistic school in Russian music was M. I. Glinka, whose traditions were developed in the works of A. S. Dargomyzhsky, A. P. Borodin, M. P. Mussorgsky, N. A. Rimsky-Korsakov, P.I. Tchaikovsky, S.V. Rachmaninova and others.

In the music of the 20th century, realism was further developed in the works of S.S. Prokofiev, D.D. Shostakovich, A.I. Khachaturian, G.V. Sviridov, R.K. Shchedrin and others.

Expressionism(from lat. expressionis - expression) is a movement in European art of the first quarter of the 20th century, which is based on the tragic worldview of humanity on the eve of and during the First World War and in the post-war years. Expressionism is a protest against the absurdity of the world and the humiliation of man.

Representatives of the expressionist movement in music are A. Schoenberg, A. Berg, B. Bartok and others.

2. CLASSIFICATION OF MUSICAL GENRES

Musical genre (from lat. genus - genus, species) is one of the most important means of artistic generalization. Being a multi-valued concept, musical genres characterize historically established types and types of musical works in connection with their origin, purpose, method, conditions of performance and perception, as well as with the characteristics of content and form.

By origin and life purpose Genres are divided into everyday genres and genres that do not have specific vital functions. Everyday (primary) genres, depending on the functions performed by music in various everyday, work, and ritual situations, include song, dance, march . Secondary genres ( opera, symphony, ballet etc.), unlike the primary ones, are determined by the autonomy of creativity. At the same time, secondary genres of music are genetically connected with primary ones as with content-associative models.

By way and living conditions musical genres are divided into chamber And concert . Chamber genres (quartets, trios, sonatas, romances, plays) due to the practice of playing music in the home environment; concert genres (concerts for solo instruments with orchestra) with their virtuosity - intended for concert performance.

By composition of performers and method of performance musical genres are divided into vocal And instrumental . Vocal genres, in turn, are conventionally divided into solo ( song, romance, aria), ensemble and choral. Depending on the participants in the performance, purely vocal and vocal-instrumental genres are distinguished. Vocal and instrumental are divided into chamber (a vocal piece accompanied by one or more instruments) and orchestral. Orchestral ones include oratorios, masses, requiems.

Instrumental genres include solo (ballad, poem, lyrical miniature), ensemble (quartet, sonata for solo instrument with accompaniment) and orchestral (symphonies, concerts, overtures).

Song(from lat. cantus) is the most common genre of vocal folk and professional music, based on the relationship between music and poetic images. As a rule, the song has a verse form. There are a number of classifications of works of the song genre - according to content (lullabies, lyrical, dance, historical, etc.), origin and sphere of existence (urban, peasant), composition (single-voice and polyphonic), forms of performance (solo and choral, with accompaniment and without it).

Dance(from German Tanz) is a type of art whose main means of creating an artistic image is movement.

The history of dance goes back thousands of years. At the initial stage of its formation, dance existed in a syncretic form - as a unity of singing, dancing and sound accompaniment. In Ancient India, dance was understood as revealing the essence of things. In Ancient Greece, dance was revered as a means of ennobling a person. In the countries of medieval Europe and Rus', dance was not recognized as Christian morality, although it continued to exist among the people.

Gavotte(from French gavotte) - moderate dance of French origin; dance of gavottes, inhabitants of the region of France.

Minuet(from French menu pas - small step) is a dance of French origin.

Mazurka(more precisely - Mazur from the name of the inhabitants of Mazovia - Mazury) - a fast three-beat dance with a characteristic shift of emphasis to the second, sometimes third beat.

Polonaise(from French polonaise - “walking dance”, dance-thing) is a Polish dance of a ceremonial nature, initially a village folk dance, then it opened court balls.

Krakowiak- a bipartite Polish dance that originated in the Krakow Voivodeship.

Waltz(from German Walzen - spinning in dance) - a smooth dance based on smooth circling combined with forward movement; arose on the basis of dances from Austria, the Czech Republic, and Germany.

Polka(from Czech polka - half step, half) is a lively and simple Czech dance.

Halling(from the name of a valley in southwestern Norway) is a Norwegian moderate solo male dance.

Kamarinskaya- Russian folk dance song and dance (mainly male), re-dance, mainly of a comic nature. Musical time signature is 2/4, sometimes 3/4.

Trepak- Russian folk dance, fast, perky, rhythmically clear, with dashing stomping. The main figures are improvised by dancers showing their dexterity and ingenuity; size 2/4.

Gopak(from Ukrainian gop - an exclamation that is uttered during a dance; hence the verbs gopati - stomp, gopkati - jump) - Ukrainian folk dance, fast, impetuous; men improvise complex figures, including high jumps, competing in agility; size 2/4.

Bulba(Belarusian - potato) - a modern Belarusian folk dance song. Sung and danced by girls in the style of folk polka. The tempo is lively, perky, two-beat meter.

Cap(from Belarusian kryzh, Polish krzyz - cross), folk song and dance in Belarus and Poland. Musical time signature is 2/4 and 4/4.

Lezginka- folk dance of Lezgins living in Dagestan. Nowadays it is common among almost all peoples of the Caucasus (Georgians, Kabardians, Ossetians, Ingush, Chechens, etc.).

In the 20th century, they became popular rumba(African-American dance in two-beat time, with a sharply syncopated rhythm and accents on the weak beats of the bar), foxtrot(from English fox - fox and trot - fast step, salon dance at a moderately fast pace with a march-like rhythm), Charleston(ballroom dance, which originated in Charleston, a type of foxtrot), samba(active Brazilian dance of urban origin), etc.

March(from French marche - procession, movement forward) is a musical genre, the characteristic features of which are a strict, measured tempo, a clear rhythm. Varieties of march: military, sports, mourning. In addition to its practical significance, the march is a genre of stage music (Chernomor's March from the opera "Ruslan and Lyudmila" by M.I. Glinka, March from the ballet "The Nutcracker" by P.I. Tchaikovsky) and concert music ("March of the Wooden Soldiers" from "Children's Album" P.I. Tchaikovsky).

Continuing the series of articles on music theory, we would like to tell you about how genres in music were formed and developed. After this article, you will never confuse a musical genre with a musical style again.

So, first, let's look at how the concepts of “genre” and “style” differ. Genre- This is a type of work that has developed historically. It implies the form, content and purpose of music. Musical genres began their formation at an early stage in the development of music, in the structure of primitive communities. Then music accompanied every step of human activity: everyday life, work, speech, and so on. Thus, the main genre principles were formed, which we will examine further.

Style also implies the sum of materials (harmony, melody, rhythm, polyphony), the way they were used in a musical work. Typically, a style is based on a particular era or is classified by composer. In other words, style is a set of means of musical expression that determines the image and idea of ​​music. It may depend on the individuality of the composer, his worldview and tastes, and approach to music. Style also determines trends in music, such as jazz, pop, rock, folk styles, and so on.

Now let's get back to music genres. There are five main genre principles, which, as we said, originated in primitive communities:

• Motor skills
• Declamation
• Chanting
• Signaling
• Sound-imagery

They became the basis of all subsequent genres that appeared with the development of music.

Quite soon after the formation of the basic genre principles, genre and style began to be intertwined into a single system. Such genre-style systems were formed depending on the occasion for which the music was created. This is how genre-style systems appeared, which were used in certain ancient cults, for ancient rituals and in everyday life. The genre had a more applied nature, which shaped a certain image, style and compositional features of ancient music.

On the walls of Egyptian pyramids and in surviving ancient papyri, lines of ritual and religious hymns were found, which most often told about the ancient Egyptian gods.

It is believed that ancient music reached its highest point of development in Ancient Greece. It was in ancient Greek music that certain patterns were discovered on which its structure was based.

As society developed, so did music. New vocal and vocal-instrumental genres had already formed in medieval culture. During this era, genres such as:

• Organum is the earliest form of polyphonic music in Europe. This genre was used in churches, and flourished at the Notre Dame school in Paris.
• Opera is a musical and dramatic work.
• Chorale is liturgical Catholic or Protestant singing.
• The motet is a vocal genre that was used both in church and at secular events. His style depended on the text.
• Conduct is a medieval song, the text of which was most often spiritual and moralizing. They still cannot accurately decipher the medieval notes of the conductors, since they did not have a specific rhythm.
• Mass is a liturgical service in Catholic churches. Requiem also belongs to this genre.
• Madrigal is a short work on lyrical and love themes. This genre originated in Italy
• Chanson - this genre appeared in France, and initially choral peasant songs belonged to it.
• Pavana - a smooth dance that opened holidays in Italy
• Galliarda is a cheerful and rhythmic dance also originating from Italy.
• Allemande is a procession dance that originated in Germany.

IN XVII-XVIII Over the centuries, rural music – country – has developed quite actively in North America. The genre is heavily influenced by Irish and Scottish folk music. The lyrics of such songs often talked about love, rural life and cowboy life.

At the end of the 19th century and the beginning of the 20th century, folklore developed quite actively in Latin America and Africa. In the African American community, the blues originated, which was originally a “work song” that accompanied work in the fields. The blues is also based on ballads and religious chants. Blues formed the basis of a new genre - jazz, which is the result of a mixture of African and European cultures. Jazz has become quite widespread and universally recognized.

Based on jazz and blues, rhythm and blues (R'n'B), a song and dance genre, appeared in the late 40s. He was quite popular among young people. Subsequently, funk and soul appeared within this genre.

It is curious that along with these African-American genres, the genre of pop music appeared in the 20s of the twentieth century. The roots of this genre are in folk music, street romances and ballads. Pop music has always mixed with other genres to form some pretty interesting musical styles. In the 70s, within the framework of pop music, the “disco” style appeared, which became the most popular dance music at that time, pushing rock and roll into the background.

In the 50s, rock burst into the ranks of already existing genres, the origins of which were in blues, folk and country. It quickly gained wild popularity and grew into many different styles, mixing with other genres.

Ten years later, the reggae genre was formed in Jamaica, which became widespread in the 70s. Reggae is based on mento, a genre of Jamaican folk music.

In the 1970s, rap appeared, which was “exported” by Jamaican DJs to the Bronx. DJ Kool Herc is considered the founder of rap. Initially, rap was read for fun, to throw out one’s emotions. The basis of this genre is the beat, which sets the rhythm of the recitative.

In the second half of the 20th century, electronic music established itself as a genre. It is strange that it did not gain recognition at the beginning of the twentieth century, when the first electronic instruments appeared. This genre involves creating music using electronic musical instruments, technology and computer programs.

Genres that emerged in the 20th century have many styles. For example:

Jazz:

• New Orleans jazz
• Dixieland
• Swing
• Western swing
• Bop
• Hard bop
• Boogie Woogie
• Cool or cool jazz
• Modal or modal jazz
• Avant-garde jazz
• Soul jazz
• Free jazz
• Bossa Nova or Latin American Jazz
• Symphonic jazz
• Progressive
• Fusion or jazz rock
• Electric Jazz
• Acid jazz
• Crossover
• Smooth jazz

• Cabaret
• Minstrel show
• Music hall
• Musical
• Ragtime
• Lounge
• Classic crossover
• Psychedelic pop
• Italo disco
• Eurodisco
• High energy
• Nu-disco
• Space disco
• Ye-ye
• K-pop
• Europop
• Arabic pop music
• Russian pop music
• Rigsar
• Laika
• Latin pop music
• J-pop

• Rock'n'roll
• Big Bit
• Rockabilly
• psychobilly
• Neorocabilly
• Skiffle
• Doo-wop
• Twist
• Alternative rock (Indie rock/College rock)
• Math rock
• Madchester
• Grunge
• Shoegazing
• Britpop
• Noise rock
• Noise pop
• Post-grunge
• lo-fi
• Indie pop
• Twi-pop
• Art rock (Progressive rock)
• Jazz rock
• Krautrock
• Garage rock
• Freakbeat
• Glam rock
• Country rock
• Merseybeat
• Metal (Hard Rock)
• Avant-garde metal
• Alternative metal
• Black metal
• Melodic black metal
• Symphonic black metal
• True black metal
• Viking metal
• Gothic metal
• Doom metal
• Death metal
• Melodic death metal
• Metalcore
• New metal
• Power metal
• Progressive metal
• Speed ​​metal
• Stoner rock
• Thrash metal
• Folk metal
• Heavy metal
• New wave
• Russian rock
• Pub rock
• Punk rock
• Ska-punk
• Pop punk
• Crust punk
• Hardcore
• Crossover
• Riot folk
• Pop rock
• Postpunk
• Gothic rock
• No Wave
• Post-line
• Psychedelic rock
• Soft rock
• Folk rock
• Techno rock

As you can see, there are many styles. It would take a lot of time to list the full list, so we won’t do that. The main thing is that you now know how modern popular genres appeared and you will definitely no longer confuse genre and style.