Chatsky and Onegin comparative characteristics. Onegin and Chatsky - different people of the same era

Evgeny Onegin and Alexander Chatsky are the protagonists of various literary works by A. Pushkin and A. Griboyedov, however, they have something in common: the characters are not fully understood and accepted by society. But along with this, the acting characters also have distinctive features. If Onegin is a frequent visitor to balls and dinners, then Chatsky rejects such a way of life, considering it meaningless. Eugene treats people arrogantly, Alexander, on the contrary, is friendly to everyone, but if he sees himself as right, he defends this point of view. The table below shows the characteristics of these heroes.

In the 10-20s of the last century, anti-serfdom sentiments intensified among the advanced part of the nobility in Russia. The first secret societies were created, the ideas of bourgeois revolutions spread throughout the country. On one side of the barricades were the reactionaries, on the other - advanced noblemen, the future Decembrists. There were also such representatives of the nobility who did not belong to the reactionaries, but did not join secret societies and did not have freedom-loving thoughts. It was at this time that A. S. Pushkin began work on the first chapters of the novel "Eugene Onegin", and in the same years A. S. Griboyedov created his immortal comedy "Woe from Wit".

Chatsky and Onegin - the main characters of these works - are the same age. They are young and full of energy nobles. But the difference between the two images is immediately evident. Chatsky, like Onegin, was brought up in an atmosphere of reaction, but he learned and became an educated person. Griboyedov's hero "writes and translates nicely." Work for Chatsky is not a heavy burden; he sees progress in education. Onegin, on the other hand, was brought up in the French manner, and Pushkin himself jokingly remarks that he is a home teacher.

So that the child is not exhausted,

Taught him everything jokingly

I didn’t bother with strict morality ...

We all learned a little

Something and somehow...

Onegin spent eight years in idle Petersburg, where he went to receptions, balls, went to bed after midnight, and got up in the afternoon. He understood the emptiness and worthlessness of such a life, but did not begin to fight it. Onegin retired to his estate, tried to do some kind of activity, but "hard work was sickening to him." Chatsky also had an estate, but he "managed it by mistake", that is, he treated the peasants well. His nature is outraged by the servitude of the serfs. Chatsky gives examples of how the feudal lords treated people who more than once saved the house, honor, and life of the owners.

Onegin is also trying to organize his serfs:

In his wilderness, the desert sage,

Yarem he is an old corvée

I replaced the quitrent with a light one;

And the slave blessed fate.

But the author reports that this was done "just to pass the time." All the activities of Onegin the reformer were limited to this. Eugene does not care about the fate of the peasants, the “chilled mind” inspires the hero that he should only take care of himself. He is an individualist.

Both characters are contemptuous of high society. They are smart and reasonable, therefore they see all the emptiness and worthlessness of secular Petersburg and Moscow. “What new will Moscow show me?” Chatsky asks on the day of his arrival to the Famusovs. He does not find any change for the better. Griboyedov's hero breaks with this society completely, although he loves a girl from an environment he hates. Onegin, on the other hand, remained a man of his circle, bearing all his vices. He killed Lensky in a duel, unable to rise above the world that he internally despised. Class prejudices took over, Eugene was afraid of the gossip of "local rulers." A critical attitude to reality, an extraordinary mind doomed him, in the absence of social activities, to complete loneliness. Chatsky is not alone. Griboedov talks about the brother of Colonel Skalozub, a forward officer who left the service, about the nephew of Princess Tugoukhovskaya, who is passionately engaged in chemistry and botany.

Chatsky has a more sensitive soul than Onegin. Onegin appears as a reasonable egoist. He does not understand the depth of Tatyana's requests. At the core of his feelings lies selfishness. Chatsky sincerely loves Sophia. He is completely transformed when he sees her. But Sophia is a person of the Famus society, and Chatsky finds the strength to leave Moscow.

In the images of Chatsky and Onegin, we clearly see different people of the same era. Somewhat similar, they represent the different paths taken by society at the beginning of the 19th century: the path of protest and the path of cold contemplation.

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Comparisons of the heroes "Woe from Wit" and "Eugene Onegin" and received the best answer

Answer from Marina[guru]
"Woe from Wit" by A. S. Griboyedov and "Eugene Onegin" The main characters of these works Chatsky and Onegin are representatives of the advanced noble intelligentsia. The authors consider their characters, fates inextricably linked with time, with the social movement. The fates of Chatsky and Onegin are in many ways similar. Onegin is the son of a "squandered" nobleman. Chatsky was brought up in the house of a rich uncle. It is easy to imagine what kind of education they received. Chatsky recalls with a grin the index finger of a teacher who inspired his students that there is no happiness for Russians without Germans. Evil irony is heard in his question: What now, just as of old, Are they bothering to recruit regiments of teachers, More in number, at a cheaper price? Pushkin, saying about Onegin's upbringing, he rightly notes: We all learned a little, something and somehow. Chatsky and Onegin are even more drawn together by their attitude to society, to the "light". Onegin, tired of balls, secular dinners, runs from the capital to the village. But here, too, “an eternal conversation about rain, about flax, about the barnyard” awaits him. His habits, behavior, "souls of yearning laziness" cause bewilderment and discontent among the neighbors. Chatsky, passionately loving Sophia, could not stay in her father's house. Everything seemed lifeless to him. In Moscow "yesterday there was a ball, and tomorrow there will be two". A young, inquisitive mind needs food, new impressions. Chatsky leaves the capital for a long time. “I wanted to travel around the whole world,” he says of himself. Onegin, living in the village, also felt his worthlessness, his uselessness, his inability to be a friend (relationship with Lensky), to love (relationship with Tatyana). “He was seized by anxiety, a desire to change places.” “Change of places”, observations, thoughts caused by this, do not pass without a trace for the heroes. Pushkin calls his Onegin, returning from a journey, "very chilled and saturated with what he saw." Thus, the worldviews of Chatsky and Onegin are finally formed. These are no longer youngsters, but adults, with rich life experience behind them. And now the fundamental differences between these literary types begin to show. Onegin sees the emptiness of the surrounding life, the idle nobility, lies and falsehood that reign around, but he does not even think of actively fighting them. He is too educated, too cold-blooded, to make accusatory speeches in the living rooms of Petersburg in front of a crowd of laughing fools. His protest is expressed in another way. He shows a silent reproach with his whole appearance. Pushkin describes Onegin in this way: But who is it in the chosen crowd Standing silent and foggy? Faces flash in front of him, Like a row of tiresome ghosts. Chatsky behaves quite differently. He is easily irritated, personal drama makes him particularly vulnerable. Appearing at Famusov's ball, he arranges, in the words of I. A. Goncharov, such a "mess" that he is mistaken for a madman. In his actions there is no cold calculation, selfishness, which are characteristic of Onegin. Chatsky's weapon is a punishing word. He demands "service to the cause." He is weary among the empty idle crowd of "tormentors, sinister old women, absurd old men." Chatsky demands space and freedom for his age. He announces that the "past century" is being replaced by a new one, bearing the ideal of "free life". Goncharov, in his article "A Million of Torments", speaks of the typicality of Chatsky and Onegin. These types will invariably arise in a critical era. Onegins are “superfluous” people in their environment, their appearance always indicates trouble, the impending collapse of the social order. These people are head and shoulders above their contemporaries, they are noted by their sagacity and "sharp, chilled mind." The Chatskys continue, develop what the "superfluous" people started, they not only tacitly condemn, they despise. The Chatskys openly hate, denounce, ridicule. “Chatsky is a sincere and ardent figure,” says I. A. Goncharov.

Pechorin, Chatsky and Onegin are the heroes of the most famous novels of all time. All of them are representatives of the nobility. Each of them stands out for its character, actions and other qualities that are remembered by the reader and deposited in memory for life. All three are united by one common problem - loneliness.

Alexander Chatsky is educated and smart, noble and honest, young and hot. He speaks boldly about the problem of serfs and other problems of his time. Despite the fact that his words are not without a grain of truth, however, no one responds to them. His fellow citizens, Muscovites, present his actions as an element of a psychological disorder. Called a mad man, he leaves with his head held high, and remained misunderstood.

Eugene Onegin for many readers is the most sympathetic character. Initially, it seems that he is the same spoiled rake, like everyone else in St. Petersburg. He is handsome, therefore he is in demand among ladies, attends evenings, theaters and leads a free lifestyle. But soon such a life bored Eugene. It is there that he meets Lensky, kills him. His story with Tatyana Larina leaves nothing in the hero's soul but indifference. Only when he meets the young widow again does he throw himself on her knees and beg for love. Tatyana, as a duty of conscience, does not reciprocate, dooming Eugene Onegin, like Chatsky, to loneliness.

Pechorin, on the other hand, has a successful career - he is an army officer. He was not a secular person and was not interested in politics either. The character of the novel "A Hero of Our Time" remains a selfish person throughout the entire work. He, without hesitation, destroys the fate of other people. Pechorin is called the younger brother of Onegin. He also shoots himself in a duel that results in the death of his comrade. He treats Princess Mary just as cruelly, just as Onegin did with Tatyana. Pechorin's act can be called even more daring and cruel.

Of all three characters, critics consider only Chatsky to be a figure, who was subjected not only to bold speeches. Another significant difference between Chatsky and Onegin and Pechorin is that Alexander, having fallen in love with Sophia, is truly sincere and tries with all his might to protect her from everything evil in the world.

And yet everyone wonders how Mikhail Yuryevich Lermontov, Alexander Sergeyevich Pushkin and Alexander Sergeyevich Griboedov could create such different, but at the same time similar characters. Contemporaries believe that Onegin, Chatsky and Pechorin can be called "superfluous people" in their separate worlds. Another interesting fact is that Pushkin wrote the novel in verse, which gives Onegin a more romantic image. Lermontov's work is the first psychological novel that makes the reader penetrate deeper into the essence of his nature. But Griboyedov has a tragedy, the title of which reveals the whole essence of the work. Summing up, one can realize that all three representatives did not find a place in life and were forced to become lonely and abandoned.

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Composition

What happened in Russia in the early 1920s? In response to the strengthening of the government reaction in the country, secret political societies began to emerge, setting as their goal a radical transformation of life on a humane and fair basis. The clash of a person of Decembrist views with reactionary nobles is reflected in the works of writers whom the Decembrists considered their allies and comrades-in-arms.

Chatsky is the hero of AS Griboedov's comedy "Woe from Wit", and Onegin is the hero of AS Pushkin's novel "Eugene Onegin". The writers portrayed different, opposite characters in their works. Onegin is an educated person, but "superfluous" for society, and Chatsky is an advanced person of his time.

Among these heroes we will find not only a difference in characters, but also a similarity in origin, upbringing and education. Both Chatsky and Onegin studied and were brought up under the guidance of foreign tutors. We learn about Chatsky that he was an educated person who was engaged in literary work, was in the service of ministers, and lived abroad. But being there only broadened his mental horizons, and did not make him a fan of everything foreign.

Onegin, in comparison with the Griboedov hero, received a superficial education.

Poor French
So that the child is not exhausted,
Taught him everything jokingly...

Subsequently, Onegin significantly expanded his knowledge. He was fluent in French, "he easily danced the mazurka and bowed at ease." This knowledge and skills were quite enough to earn the favor of the world, which "decided that he was smart and very nice."

In the character of Chatsky, one can notice impudence, intransigence towards indifferent or conservative-minded people. He loves his homeland, speaks of it with warmth of heart: "When you wander, you return home, and the smoke of the Fatherland is sweet and pleasant to us!" Chatsky is a smart, hot-headed person, but under the mask of irony, he has a sensitive, sympathetic heart. He can, like all people, laugh and be sad, he can be angry and harsh, but he will be a faithful and reliable friend. Hot and ardent, he surprisingly resembles the young Pushkin. "Sharp, smart, eloquent, especially happy in friends," Lisa says about him. He is a little naive and inexperienced in worldly affairs. And Onegin... Who is he? "An eccentric sad and dangerous, a creature of hell or heaven, this angel, this arrogant demon"? No, not an angel, not a demon. Onegin is a collective image, "in which the age is reflected and modern man is depicted quite correctly with his immoral soul, selfish and dry, immeasurably betrayed by a dream, with his embittered mind, seething empty in action." He has no love and affection in his life. With boredom, discontent and irritation, Eugene goes to his dying uncle. For him, the main thing is the legacy. Onegin is indifferent to the illness of a relative and is horrified by the need to portray a saddened nephew. He leads a life typical of "golden" youth: balls, walks along Nevsky Prospekt, visits to theaters. But he got tired of all this a long time ago. He was bored with those people with whom he had to communicate. The life he led did not suit him, but the change of scenery could not affect Onegin either. And in the village he was seized by the same boredom.

Chatsky, it seems to me, is taller and smarter than Onegin. This is a man of progressive views. He is full of bright ideas for the transformation of society, and angrily denounces the vices of old Moscow. His deep mind gives him faith in life, in high ideals. Chatsky is outraged by serfdom, by the fact that the landowner can exchange his faithful servants, who "more than once saved his life and honor," for three greyhounds. He wants to serve "the cause, not the persons." “I would be glad to serve, it’s sickening to serve,” he answers Famusov’s reproaches and moralizing.

Onegin, on the other hand, languished, suffocated in his midst and did not know himself what he wanted. Eugene read a lot, tried to do literary work, but "stubborn work was sickening to him; nothing came out of his pen." He did not know what to do with his mind, Chatsky was seriously preparing for activities for the benefit of the fatherland. Even his ideological opponent Famusov pays tribute to his abilities, saying: "He writes and translates nicely." Everyone talks about his high mind.

Onegin is critical of the way of life of the noble society, but does not make a serious attempt to change anything, he is far from the Decembrist progressive ideas.

Chatsky actively defends freedom of thought, opinion, recognizes that each person has his own opinions and beliefs and expresses them openly. He stands for the development of national culture, for the unity of the intelligentsia with the people. He is outraged by the admiration of Russian nobles for French fashions, language, their isolation from their national roots.

Will we ever be resurrected from the foreign power of fashion?
So that our smart, cheerful people
Although the language did not consider us Germans.

Chatsky has a high opinion of his people, and Onegin is infinitely far from him.

And how do our heroes manifest themselves in friendship and love? In the Famus society, Chatsky has no friends. He is hated here, even declared crazy, because they do not recognize his views on life, his beliefs. It is worth noting that Chatsky constantly uses the pronoun "we", as he considers himself not alone in striving for change. His friends are those who represent the "current age", but Griboyedov only mentions these people, introducing off-stage characters into the play.

Onegin was inseparable from Lensky. Despite the fact that friends were like "ice and fire", they had a lot in common. Lensky shared his views and personal experiences with Onegin, he trusted him. But Onegin, with a rash act, aroused in Lensky a feeling of jealousy, bitter resentment and disappointment in love and friendship. Onegin cold-bloodedly accepts the challenge and kills his only friend in a duel, not feeling the slightest animosity towards Lensky. He only thinks about how his behavior will be assessed by the local society, which he does not respect at all.

Onegin's love for Tatyana is also based on selfishness and selfishness. In his first explanation with her, he candidly admits that strong, deep feelings are alien to him. Chatsky, on the other hand, loved Sophia seriously, seeing her as his future wife. Love for him is not "the science of tender passion", as for Onegin. Because of his love for the girl, Chatsky returns to society, which he is deeply disgusted with. He had to drink the cup of suffering to the bottom.

Chatsky boldly and courageously fights for everything new, advanced, for a new Russia, but he cannot be congratulated on his victory. He leaves Moscow to "seek around the world where there is a corner for an offended feeling." But we are confident that he will remain a fighter who will continue his activities for the sake of the freedom of the Fatherland. Onegin at the end of the novel also experiences the collapse of his hopes for happiness, but unlike Chatsky, he is broken by this grief. If Griboedov's hero, besides love, had socially useful activity for the good of the motherland, then Onegin does not have such a thing.

Griboedov and Pushkin created vivid realistic images in their works, which absorbed the typical features of people of the era of the 20s of the 19th century. They continue to influence the spiritual formation of new generations.