Mikhail Isakovsky - Enemies burned down their home: Verse. Mikhail Isakovsky - Enemies burned their native hut: Verse The history of the creation of the song "Enemies burned their native hut"

The poet Mikhail Isakovsky wrote these piercing lines, as they say, hot on the heels - in 1945, when the war ended and the front-line soldiers began to return home. And what awaited them there was not only rejoicing over the victory. And also tears. Some have tears of joy from meeting family and friends who have waited for their fathers and sons. And for some there are tears of grief and loss of those who were not destined to survive even in the rear.

Enemies burned down my home,

They killed his entire family.

Where should the soldier go now?

To whom should I bear my sorrow?

Many people consider this song a folk song. Indeed, with her deep feeling and artlessness of words, she echoes folk compositions. The plot of a tragic return to one’s homeland after military service was very common in soldiers’ songs. A warrior comes, having served for 25 years, and finds only ruins on the site of his native hut: his mother has died, his young wife has grown old, there are no fields. male hands overgrown with weeds.

The soldier went in deep grief

At the crossroads of two roads,

Found a soldier in a distant field

A hillock overgrown with grass.

Why do such simple words change your soul so deeply? Because after the terrible bloody war with German fascism, this plot was repeated millions of times with millions Soviet people. And the feelings that gripped the hero of the song were experienced by almost every resident of our vast country.

“I heard a song performed by you about how a soldier returned from the front, but he didn’t have any loved ones - that’s what happened to me. I also had to drink a glass of wine with tears in my eyes in the pit of the broken dugout where my mother died in the bombing,” the front-line soldier wrote to himself famous performer songs, to the wonderful singer Mark Bernes.

The soldier stands - and like lumps

Stuck in his throat.

The soldier said: “Meet, Praskovya,

Hero - her husband.

Serve a meal for the guest,

Place a wide table in the hut.

Your day, your holiday of return

I came to you to celebrate..."

The poem was first published in 1946 in the magazine “Znamya”. The author could not even imagine that his simple poems could become a song, and that the people would love the song so much. He showed Isakovsky’s composition to composer Matvey Blanter famous poet Alexander Tvardovsky with the words: “A wonderful song can turn out!” It was like looking into the water: Blanter wrote such heartfelt music to accompany the heartfelt words that almost all the editors - both musical and literary - who listened to the song agreed: the work is wonderful! But they didn’t let me go on the radio.

“In general, they are not bad people, they, without saying a word, shied away from the song. There was even one, Mikhail Isakovsky later recalled, who listened, cried, wiped his tears and said: “No, we can’t.” Why can't we? Do not Cry? It turns out that we “can’t miss a song on the radio.” It turns out that the song was in very strong dissonance with the prevailing mood in society at that time: bravura, victorious! And I really didn’t want to reopen unhealed wounds - then many “were for some reason convinced that Victory excluded tragic songs, as if the war did not bring terrible grief to the people. It was some kind of psychosis, an obsession,” explains Isakovsky. The poems were criticized for "spreading pessimistic sentiments."

No one answered the soldier

Nobody met him

And only the quiet summer wind

I shook the grave grass.

The song owes its second birth to the wonderful Mark Bernes. In 1960, he decided to perform it on big concert at the Sports Palace in Luzhniki. It was a real risk: to sing a forbidden song, and even at a bravura entertainment event. But a miracle happened - after the first lines of recitative, uttered in the artist’s dull “non-singing” voice, the 14,000-strong audience stood up and there was dead silence. This silence continued for several more moments when the last chords of the song sounded. And then the hall burst into applause. And it was an ovation with tears in our eyes...

And after, at the personal request of the war hero Marshal Vasily Chuikov, the song was performed on the television “Ogonyok”, it became truly popular.

The soldier sighed, adjusted his belt,

He opened his traveling bag,

I put a bottle of bitter

On the gray gravestone:

"Don't judge me, Praskovya,

That I came to you like this:

I wanted to drink to your health,

And I must drink to the peace.

Friends and girlfriends will come together again,

But we will never meet again..."

And the soldier drank from a copper mug

Half the wine with sadness.

Mark Bernes' performance is considered exemplary. It is in his interpretation that the song still sounds today. But personally I was shocked by another performance - by Mikhail Pugovkin. If Mark Bernes appears in the song as a narrator, as a witness of human grief, then Mikhail Pugovkin conducts his narration in the first person, on behalf of the very soldier who drank “from a bitter mug of wine with half and half of sadness.”

We, the audience, are accustomed to seeing this wonderful artist in comic roles, and few people know that his sadness is real, suffered. Just two days after the start of the Great Patriotic War the then-beginning artist Mikhail Pugovkin volunteered to go to the front. Served in the 1147th Infantry Regiment as a scout! In the fall of 1942, he was seriously wounded in the leg. Near Voroshilovgrad (now it is Lugansk - amazing turns of history!). Due to the onset of gangrene, he almost lost his leg. Awarded the Order of the Patriotic War, II degree.

He drank - a soldier, a servant of the people,

And with pain in his heart he said:

"I've been coming to you for four years,

I conquered three powers..."

The soldier got drunk, a tear rolled down,

A tear of unfulfilled hopes,

And there was a glow on his chest

Medal for the city of Budapest.

ENEMIES BURNED THEIR HOME

Music by Matvey Blanter
Words by Mikhail Isakovsky

Enemies burned down my home,
They killed his entire family.
Where should the soldier go now?
To whom should I bear my sorrow?

The soldier went in deep grief
At the crossroads of two roads,
Found a soldier in a wide field
A hillock overgrown with grass.

The soldier stands - and like lumps
Stuck in his throat.
The soldier said. "Meet, Praskovya,
Hero - her husband.

Prepare a meal for the guest
Set a wide table in the hut.
Your day, your holiday of return
I came to you to celebrate..."

No one answered the soldier
Nobody met him
And only the warm summer wind
I shook the grave grass.

The soldier sighed, adjusted his belt,
He opened his traveling bag,
I put a bottle of bitter
On the gray gravestone:

"Don't judge me, Praskovya,
That I came to you like this:
I wanted to drink to your health,
And I must drink to the peace.

Friends and girlfriends will come together again,
But we will never meet again..."
And the soldier drank from a copper mug
Half the wine with sadness.

He drank - a soldier, a servant of the people,
And with pain in his heart he said:
"I've been coming to you for four years,
I conquered three powers..."

The soldier got drunk, a tear rolled down,
A tear of unfulfilled hopes,
And there was a glow on his chest
Medal for the city of Budapest.

Russians Soviet songs(1917-1977). Comp. N. Kryukov and Y. Shvedov. M., “Art. lit.”, 1977

Another title is "Praskovya". Per line "Tear of Unfulfilled Hopes" the song was immediately banned and was first performed only in 1960. There was an entertaining concert in the Central Park of Culture and Leisure in Moscow; there were a lot of young people there. In the second part, Mark Bernes came out, said a few words and sang this song at his own risk. However, spontaneously this poem (as a poem it was published - it was the song that was banned) was performed among the people before for various suitable motives.

Included in the film "Mirror for the Hero" (director Vladimir Khotinenko, 1987): two people find themselves from the mid-1980s (the beginning of Perestroika) to Stalin’s 1949, and later one of them - engineer Andrei - sings this song over vodka, and the blind accordion player Sashka says in tears: “I knew that there should be such a song... A tear of unfulfilled hopes... This is about me..."

Marshal Zhukov's favorite song.

Songwriter. Issue 4. Songs of revolution and civil war. M., V. Katansky Publishing House, 2002.

“Enemies burned their home” (“Praskovya”) is a popular Soviet song by Matvey Blanter (music) and Mikhail Isakovsky (text), describing the emotions of a soldier returning from the war. The composition is built in the form of a monologue of a fighter over the grave of his deceased wife.

Listen to the song “The Enemies Burned Their Home” online performed by Mark Bernes

Download song in mp3 format for free

Watch the video

The history of the creation of the song "Enemies burned their home"

The poem “Praskovya” was written by Isakovsky in 1945. On next year The poem was published in the magazine "Znamya". There he was seen by Alexander Tvardovsky, who approached Blanter with a proposal to set Mikhail Vasilyevich’s creation to music. The idea was not understood by the author of “Praskovya,” who considered the poem too long and inconvenient to perform in song format. However, Blanter insisted...

Soon the song was performed on the radio by Vladimir Nechaev, after which the composition faced almost 15 years of official oblivion due to what the authorities considered to be excessive “pessimism.” Isakovsky later recalled:

For some reason, literary and music editors were sincerely convinced that the Victory made tragic songs inappropriate, as if the war had not brought terrible grief to people. It was some kind of obsession. One even cried while listening. Then he wiped his tears and said: “No, I can’t.” What can't you do? Can you hold back your tears? It turns out that he “can’t” miss it on the radio...

Critics condemned the poem for spreading decadent and pessimistic sentiments. “Praskovya” was deleted from the official stage repertoire for a long decade and a half. At the same time, bard versions of the composition “walked” around the country.

The rebirth of the song “Enemies burned their home”

The appearance of "Praskovya" on the official stage took place thanks to Mark Bernes, who dared to perform it at one of the capital concerts. After the final verse -

"The soldier got drunk, a tear rolled down,

A tear of unfulfilled hopes,

And there was a glow on his chest

Medal for the city of Budapest"

The hall erupted into prolonged applause. Blanter-Isakovsky’s creation “went to the people.” In 1965, Marshal Vasily Chuikov provided a “shoulder of support”, asking to perform a song on “ Blue light».

The composition was included in their repertoire by dozens popular artists, however, Bernes's version still remains the most recognizable.

IN last years An adaptation of “Praskovya” created by one of the home-grown poets, which begins with the words:

“The soldier was sitting, smoking a cigar.

The trophy gramophone played,

And on his chest it shone

Medal for the City of Washington..."

Text and lyrics of the song "Enemies burned their home"

Enemies burned down my home

They killed his whole family

Where should the soldier go now?

To whom should I bear my sorrow?

The soldier went in deep grief

At the crossroads of two roads

Found a soldier in a wide field

Grass-overgrown hillock

The soldier stands and looks like a lump

Stuck in his throat

The soldier said

Meet Praskovya

Her husband's hero

Prepare a meal for the guest

Set a wide table in the hut

Your day, your holiday of return

I came to you to celebrate

No one answered the soldier

Nobody met him

And only a warm summer evening

Rocked the grave grass

The soldier sighed and adjusted his belt.

He opened his traveling bag

I put a bottle of bitter

On the gray grave stone

Don't judge me Praskovya

Why did I come to you like this

I wanted to drink to your health

And I must drink for the peace

Friends and girlfriends will get together again

But we will never meet again

And the soldier drank from a copper mug

Half the wine with sadness

He drank soldier servant of the people

And he spoke with pain in his heart

I've been coming to you for four years

I conquered three powers

The soldier was drunk and a tear was rolling

Tear of unfulfilled hopes

And there was a glow on his chest

Medal for the City of Budapest

Medal for the City of Budapest

This song doesn't have simple fate. Written shortly after the end of the war, it was played only once on the radio and then was not performed for about... fifteen years.

…Once upon a time the composer Matvey Blanter met Alexander Tvardovsky.
- Go to Misha (as the poets lovingly called Mikhail Vasilyevich Isakovsky, although many of them were younger than him). He wrote wonderful lyrics for the song.

M.I.Blanter

Hero Socialist Labor, people's artist USSR M.I. Blanter and Hero of Socialist Labor M.V. Isakovsky had a long-term creative friendship; they wrote a lot together good songs. Here you can read about them:

Composer Blanter and poet Isakovsky

But this time Isakovsky began to deny in every possible way, saying that the poems were not songs, too long, too detailed, etc. However, Blanter insisted.

Let me see these verses. Isakovsky was incredibly amazed when, some time later, he learned that Blanter had composed the music.

But, as we already said, the song long years was not heard either on air or on concert stage. What's the matter?

Here's what M. Isakovsky said about it:

M.V. Isakovsky

“The editors - literary and musical - had no reason to accuse me of anything. But for some reason many of them were convinced that Victory excluded tragic songs, as if the war had not brought terrible grief to the people. It was some kind of psychosis, an obsession. In general, they are not bad people, they, without saying a word, shied away from the song. There was one who even listened, cried, wiped his tears and said: “No, we can’t.” Why can't we? Do not Cry? It turns out that we “can’t miss a song on the radio.”

If the song of this creative tandem “In the forest near the front” was immediately appreciated by the country’s leadership, then the fate of the poem “Enemies burned the native hut...” (“Praskovya”), written in 1945, first published in No. 7 of the Znamya magazine in 1946 ., it turned out to be very difficult. It was seen as “unnecessary pessimism.” And the song performed on the radio by V. Nechaev was no longer broadcast.

This continued until 1960. Popular film artist and performer of Soviet songs Mark Bernes was invited to participate in the performance of the Moscow Music Hall “When the Lights Come On.” Numerous spectators filled Green Theater Central Park of Culture and Culture named after. M. Gorky, where the premiere of the performance took place, throughout the course of the variety show they were in the mood for a fun, entertaining spectacle. There were songs to match this spectacle. But then Bernes came onto the scene. He walked up to the microphone and sang:

Enemies burned down my home,
They killed his entire family.
Where should the soldier go now?
To whom should I bear my sorrow?..

At first there was bewilderment in the hall, but then there was absolute silence. And when the singer finished, there was thunderous applause. The success exceeded all expectations!

From this day, essentially, the life of this wonderful song began. “Praskovya” (as it is sometimes called) received wide recognition, especially among former front-line soldiers. Many of them perceived it as a story about their difficult fate.

Here are some excerpts from their letters that the singer received:

“Today I listened on the radio, not for the first time, to a song performed by you, which for me is my biography. Yes, that's how I came! “I conquered three powers!” There are medals and orders on the table. And among them is a medal for the city of Budapest. And it will be a reward for me if you send me the lyrics of a song that ends with the words: “And on his chest a medal for the city of Budapest shone.”

“I heard a song performed by you about how a soldier returned from the front, but he didn’t have any loved ones - so it was with me. I also had to drink a glass of wine with tears in my eyes in the pit of the broken dugout where my mother died in the bombing.”

“Please write me the words of the song. I will remember you forever and remember you with a kind word. It begins like this: “they burned down a hut in the village...” In general, a soldier came, and everyone’s houses were destroyed. I’m no longer young, dear comrade, but I can’t forget your song.”

And here is what Mikhail Vasilyevich Isakovsky wrote to Mark Bernes:
“I have been meaning to write to you for a long time, but, as you can see, I only got around to it now.

The fact is that back in the days when we celebrated the twentieth anniversary of the Victory over Nazi Germany, I heard in your performance a song by Matvey Blanter, written to my words - “The enemies burned down my native hut.”

You performed superbly - with great talent, with great taste, with deep penetration into the very essence of the work. You simply shocked millions of TV viewers, made them experience everything that is said in the song you sang...

And I would like to express my most sincere gratitude to you for the excellent performance of the song, for understanding it, for the very correct interpretation of the content, for the fact that you conveyed the meaning of the song to every listener...”

I would like to end this story about the song with the words of Alexander Tvardovsky:
“Isakovsky’s amazing post-war poem, which became widely famous song“Enemies burned their own hut”, a combination of traditional song, even stylized techniques with cutting-edge tragic content. With what laconic and, again, quiet power, the great measure of suffering and sacrifice of the victorious people in their just war against the enemy invasion is conveyed here in the image of a bitter soldier’s grief.

And what a sign of historical time and unprecedented feats of the people - the liberator of peoples from the fascist yoke - is marked by this endless funeral feast on the grave of his wife:

He drank - a soldier, a servant of the people,
And with pain in his heart he said:
“I have been coming to you for four years,
I conquered three powers..."

The soldier got drunk, a tear rolled down,
A tear of unfulfilled hopes,
And there was a glow on his chest
Medal for the city of Budapest.

Here is a fragment from Evgeny Yevtushenko’s article about M. Isakovsky from his (E. Yevtushenko’s) anthology:

“And finally, in 1945, Isakovsky wrote his most piercing poem, “The Enemies Burned Their Own Hut...”, which embodied everything that tens, and perhaps hundreds of thousands of soldiers felt - the liberators of Europe, but not the liberators of themselves. As soon as this song called “Praskovya” was heard on the radio once, it was scandalously banned for further performance, although people wrote thousands of letters to the radio asking for it to be repeated. However, “half the wine and half the sorrow” was not to the taste of the Tsekovsky and Purovsky preachers of optimism, heartless from zeal. The ban lasted a decade and a half, until in 1960 Mark Bernes dared to perform “Praskovya” at the Luzhniki Sports Palace. Before he started singing, he read the introduction in a dull voice, like prose: “The enemies burned down my native hut. They destroyed his whole family.” The fourteen thousand-strong audience stood up after these two lines and stood and listened to the song to the end. It was banned more than once, citing the supposedly indignant opinion of veterans. But in 1965, the hero of Stalingrad, Marshal V.I. Chuikov asked Bernes to perform it at the Blue Light, covering the song with his famous name.

The song did not become popular, and could not become so, but in the precious performance of Bernes, whom critics venomously called the “voiceless whisperer,” it became a folk lyrical requiem.

Blanter wrote more than 20 songs - like no one else - based on Isakovsky's poems. “It was surprisingly easy to write to Isakovsky’s poems,” he recalled. - To the most seemingly difficult ones. And creatively we immediately understood each other. Here is one example. I meet near our house, on Gorky Street (Isakovsky and I then lived only on different floors) Alexander Trifonovich Tvardovsky. He says excitedly: “Go quickly to Misha, he wrote wonderful poems. I’m convinced that if you take it, you’ll get the song that’s right...” I went up to Isakovsky, and he read to me... “The enemies burned his home, destroyed his entire family. Where should a soldier go now, who should he carry his sadness to?”, etc. And then he even seemed to apologize: “Obviously, Sasha doesn’t understand anything about this matter. There are a whole sheet of words here. What kind of song will all this fit into?” However, an hour later, already at my house, Isakovsky was listening to our song.”

It is impossible to separate the root of the song, poetic text this masterpiece of Russian poetry of the twentieth century. - “Enemies burned their home…”, from the music of M. Blanter. In perception, the song is inseparable from the voice of Mark Bernes. It was Bernes who actually broke the tradition of ignoring this song. In 1960, at the performance of the Moscow Music Hall “When the Stars Light Up,” the artist performed it in front of numerous spectators who filled the Green Theater of the Central Park of Culture and Culture named after. M. Gorky, in the mood for an entertaining show. After the very first lines, there was absolute silence in the hall, which then ended with an incessant ovation.

Enemies burned down my home,
They killed his entire family.
Where should the soldier go now?
To whom should I bear my sorrow?

The soldier went in deep grief
At the crossroads of two roads,
Found a soldier in a wide field
A hillock overgrown with grass.

The soldier stands - and like lumps
Stuck in his throat.
The soldier said: “Meet, Praskovya,
Hero - her husband.

Prepare a meal for the guest
Lay a wide table in the hut, -
Your day, your holiday of return
I came to you to celebrate..."

No one answered the soldier
Nobody met him
And only the warm summer wind
I shook the grave grass.

The soldier sighed, adjusted his belt,
He opened his traveling bag,
I put a bottle of bitter
On the gray gravestone.

“Don’t judge me, Praskovya,
That I came to you like this:
I wanted to drink to your health,
And I must drink to the peace.

Friends and girlfriends will come together again,
But we will never meet again..."
And the soldier drank from a copper mug
Half the wine with sadness.

He drank - a soldier, a servant of the people,
And with pain in his heart he said:
“I have been coming to you for four years,
I conquered three powers..."

The soldier got drunk, a tear rolled down,
A tear of unfulfilled hopes,
And there was a glow on his chest
Medal for the city of Budapest.

Analysis of the poem “Enemies burned their home” by Isakovsky

Many poets and writers touched upon military and post-war themes in their works, reflecting in them the horrors of what happened. Mikhail Isakovsky did not ignore this topic, writing in 1945 a work about a soldier whose home and family were destroyed. The work was subject to censorship for many years, since it was believed that victory and the joy of it should not be accompanied by sad notes of sorrow and despair.

The work is written in the genre of a story in verse. It describes a soldier returning from the war - and his pain from the realization that there was nowhere to return. His home was destroyed by his enemies, and instead of his beloved wife Praskovya, he is greeted only by a grave mound. And there will be no table set for health, no friends and girlfriends - only a soldier and a grave, and a copper mug of wine. And you have to drink not at all for health, but for peace. But he walked with the thought of returning, he conquered the “three powers,” holding on only to the thought of home. But neither the return nor the medal “For Budapest” is pleasing - and only unfulfilled hopes remain for the soldier.

The poem is striking in that there is no embellishment in it - these are the harsh post-war realities, when instead of the joy of victory and return, people felt only the bitterness of the loss of the most dear people. Not only families lost soldiers - sometimes the soldiers themselves, like the hero of the work, had nowhere to return. At the same time, the poet emphasizes the depth of his grief, describing it very in simple words. The fact that the soldier drinks wine is his attempt to “celebrate” his return, because the bottle was saved in order to drink to the victory with his wife. Being forced to drink for the repose, he dilutes the drunk wine with the sadness of loss. However, the soldier expresses his feelings with restraint - the war also affected him. This restraint is the dignity of the Russian man, who has experienced a lot in his lifetime and gave free rein to open feelings, rather in joy, but who did not allow grief to fully manifest itself even in solitude.

The work is written in iambic tetrameter with cross rhyme. The rhyme is used equally masculine and feminine, alternating between each other. This structure gives the poem song and folklore motifs.

The author uses simple epithets that are understandable to everyone - native hut, grave grass, unfulfilled hopes. Metaphorical statements are also used - wine with sadness in half, a bitter bottle. To enhance the emotional component, anaphora and antithesis are used.