Mother of God pencil drawing. How icons are drawn

Icons are painted images of various saints. Icons adorn all churches and temples. The parishioners pray to the saints on the icons, asking for their urgent needs. Correctly draw icons are taught in special art schools. You can try to learn how to draw the icon of the Virgin with the baby Jesus Christ, which we will do in this lesson.

Stage 1. Draw an oval on the entire sheet of paper. In it we begin to draw the outlines of the figure of the Virgin: we show the line of the play, neck, head and face.

Stage 2. Then, near the head of the Virgin, we outline the contours of the head of the baby Jesus, his body, arms and legs.

Stage 3. Draw the details of the face. beautiful nose, clear eyebrows, eyes, mouth. Around the head we complement the lines of the bedspread, it falls from the head to the neck and then to the shoulders. We draw these lines very smooth and gentle. The baby also shows a neat nose and mouth.

Stage 4. Now very milestone in drawing an icon. This is the drawing of the eyes. Special attention is paid to the eyes of the saints. They are always drawn very expressive, looking at the person standing in front of him from whichever side you look. We draw the eyes of the Virgin Mary very beautiful, almond-shaped with clear pupils. Jesus also has rather large eyes with a not childishly serious expression. Eyebrows slightly shifted to the bridge of the nose.

Stage 5. We decorate the cover of the Virgin. We draw beautiful patterns in the strip above the forehead. We will also add patterns to the neckline and slightly behind the neck. Draw wavy lines along the baby's hair.

Stage 6. Draw a circle around the head of the Virgin - a designation of her belonging to the face of saints. The baby Jesus also has a circle around the head in which cruciform lines intersect. We finish drawing his handle, looking out into the slit of the clothes. On the legs we will add a few strokes imitating blood streaks.

Stage 8. Let's add lines on the clothes of the saints.

Stage 9. The black and white version of the icon turned out like this:

Stage 10. The icon can be colored in the same way as we did. Try and you will get a hand-drawn icon.

You will need

- board;
- tempera paints;
- soil;
- bone or skin glue;
- gauze;
- brushes;
- sandpaper.
- brushes of different thicknesses.

Instruction

The board for creating the image should be flat and well dried. The most accessible and easy to process lime board, but conifers, such as pine, spruce or cypress, were often used. If there is no piece of a suitable size, pick up several homogeneous fragments. Fit them together and glue them together.

Please note that the image is in the central one, which is a natural depression. The recess is called the ark. The field of the frame protrudes above it by several millimeters. Sandpaper can be used for surface treatment. There should be no noticeable protrusions or depressions, chips, etc.

Soak the board with skin or bone glue. Stick a piece of linen cotton fabric on it. Of what is most often found in outlets, gauze will do. It must first be soaked in glue so that it is properly saturated. This fabric is called canvas. It must dry before you start the next step.

Prepare levkas. It is made from pure chalk. It is best to purchase it in a store that sells goods for artists. Chalk must be sieved and washed out in water.

Weld the glue. The technology for the preparation of glue of animal origin is approximately the same. Soak the glue sticks in water and let it swell. Hold the glue in water for three hours, then put it in a water bath. Heat up to about 70 ° C and start gradually pouring chalk into it. Don't forget to stir the contents of the pot. As a result, you should get something that resembles sour cream. This is called "levkas". You can add a little linseed oil or honey to it.

Let the gesso stand at room temperature for about a day. Apply it in a thin layer on the board with a wide brush. Let the board dry and smooth the layer with sandpaper. Apply 10-15 more layers in the same way. In this case, the soil should not turn out too thick, it is only about a millimeter.

On the prepared gesso, apply a drawing. This can be done in two ways. Masters of the old school drew directly on the board with charcoal or black paint. If you are not so sure of yourself yet, make a life-size drawing on paper. Computer techologies even allow you to find the icon you like, enlarge it in whole or in parts.

Transfer the image to the board. This can be done in much the same way as embroiderers transfer the pattern to the fabric. Make punctures along the contours after a few millimeters, put the paper with the pattern on the board in the way the image will be located, and sprinkle graphite powder along the contour. You can also translate the drawing through carbon paper.

If you still decide to draw the image yourself, practice first on a piece of paper. Draw a frame that matches the proportions of the board. Build the image. It is most convenient to start with a circle. Find the center of this circle. Draw an isosceles triangle with the vertex at the center of the circle. The base of this triangle is the bottom line. Its length depends on what kind of image you are going to draw. If this is the Mother of God, then the line will be long, you need to step back a little from the edges of the frame. The original circle will remain on the finished one, this is a halo.

Outline the main details. These are the faces and general lines of the figure. Please note that on an Orthodox icon, the proportions of a child's body are exactly the same as those of an adult, that is, the head of the Infant will be approximately 1/7 or 1/8 of the total length of the body. At this stage, sketch out the main folds of the clothes.

Color the image. Use tempera paints for this. Icon painters of the old school made them themselves, and this is what happens now in professional workshops. But tempera is sold in artists' supply stores, and it is quite possible to use it. Pay attention to the fact that the icons are usually clean and bright colors. There are no shades, and, for example, the folds of clothes are transmitted by applying strokes with a different paint.

note

If there are trees or buildings on the image, note that their images are more like isometric view than an object built with perspective. This is one of distinctive features icons.

If all parents have photos of babies, then a hand-drawn portrait of a child can become a memorable family thing that will be kept in the house. long years due to its uniqueness and artistic value. You can try to draw baby by yourself using watercolors.

You will need

- watercolor paper,
- watercolor paints,
- pencils,
- eraser,
- brush.

Instruction

At first, the drawing technique may seem difficult to you, but skill comes with practice, which means practice as much and often as possible. Starting to draw, be confident in your abilities - make the lines smooth and clear, and if necessary, feel free to correct mistakes. Prepare watercolor paper, watercolor paints, pencils, an eraser and a brush.

The icon should not depict obese or attractive people, and each color has its own meaning.

Rare minerals, gold, platinum, water consecrated at Baptism, egg yolk, beer malt, bread, animal fat - this is what the icons of the master create, striving to follow the ancient tradition in everything.

To learn more about this, we go to the icon-painting workshop "Heaven on Earth" by priest Sergei Pavelko in Nikolaev. Here the artists work in the same way as in the 17th century.

“We don’t start work without prayer,” says Maria Pavelko, the artist. “Father Sergius holds a prayer service before each working day. And in the process of work, we stop to pray. Father Sergius reads the Holy Scripture aloud for a while. Because it is God who controls the creation of the icon, and we are only his instruments."

Icons are painted here on a board - from linden or alder.

“We glue pavolok on the board - a special canvas,” Maria explains. “We use gesso in our work, like icon painters of the 17th century. We apply from four to fifteen layers of the base, which is prepared on the basis of chalk and gelatin. Each layer of soil dries for two or three days And when all the layers are applied, they should be well aligned. And then you can already paint. "

It is very important to maintain the style of the image of a person on the icon.

“An icon painter must distance himself from sensual images,” explains Taras Timo, a teacher of theology, an expert in the theory of icon painting. “You can’t depict a young woman according to the standards of earthly beauty - then there will be no tuning for prayer. We will never see an obese person on the icon, on the contrary, the figures are elongated standing. This demonstrates asceticism, as well as attachment to fasting, self-discipline. "

The sizes of the head and face have a certain disproportion - the characters of the icons are depicted with a high forehead. Even if they draw Jesus as a two-year-old child, they show him with a serious, uncharacteristic face for a baby. An adult Christ sometimes has bags under his eyes or wrinkles on his forehead - this is a symbol of wisdom, passion.

Each of the Christians felt the gaze of the icon on himself when he prayed in the church. From which side would not - the eyes seem to be looking at you. For this, icon painters have their own technique.

“When they depict the apple of the eye, they put a very small white speck in a certain place - it reflects the direction of the gaze. Even in the photo you can see it,” Taras Timo explains. “In the icon, the iris of the eye is drawn in circles, from light to dark. look at certain point, No. Therefore, there is a visual effect, as if the icon is constantly looking at us."

Each color in the icon is a symbol. Crimson is a sign of suffering, blue is paradise, heaven, and Judas is depicted in yellow, since this is the color of treason.

Paints in the workshop "Heaven on Earth" are made by hand - they will not lose their quality on canvas for centuries. On the tables we see small mortars, pieces of glass, stones.

“This is malachite, and this is Brazilian rock crystal,” Maria shows. “Here is Ukrainian black tourmaline, kerchenite. To make paint, we grind them in mortars, and then again in a glass palette. egg yolk and holy water. This paint dries for a long time and slowly and forms, as it were, a fossil.

Thin gold leaf is attached to the image with the help of beer malt. To obtain a mixture of the desired concentration, beer is boiled for about a day. Even the lacquer with which the paint layer is covered is made by craftsmen with their own hands. Store-bought does not fit - natural colors darken under it.

The icons, in which every detail is made by hand, cost approximately five thousand dollars. Others, when the artist works only on painting, and buys the rest of the materials, are much cheaper - from $ 300 for a classic prayer icon measuring 30 by 40 centimeters.

Julia Kuriy, "Express" No. 40.

Art materials stamps CretacoloR from the Austrian company "Brevillier Urban & Sachs". Pencils, pastels, sets for artists.

Gilding

Transfer potal.

Catalog in the store: paints, pastes, sets for gilding and silvering and decorating various surfaces.

Pearl pigment - gold.

icon painting

Iconography and others artistic directions.

Scripture icons

The materials used in icon painting can be of vegetable (board), mineral (paint pigments) and animal (egg-based tempera, fish or skin glue) origin.

Tradition relates the creation of the first icons to apostolic times and is associated with the name of the Evangelist Luke. The oldest icons that have come down to us date back to the 6th century and are made using the encaustic technique on a wooden base, which makes them similar to Egyptian-Hellenistic art (the so-called Fayum portraits).

High quality icon printing for individuals and organizations
Today, icons on canvas are created both by professional icon painters and with the use of modern printing equipment.
On large-format plotters designed for high-quality artistic printing, we can make a magnificent copy of any image, which will differ in color depth and clear detail of the picture. After printing, the canvas is varnished to give the final image durability and UV protection.

Comments: 3, Catalog: 6
Correction of the inventory and painting, margins, etc.
At the end of the painting of the icon, all the lines of the inventory and painting of the dolitary are corrected or duplicated, and all the necessary corrections are made.
The fields are usually painted over with the same paint as the light (background), or another, according to the taste of the master. Images of saints, lives (brands), patterns, inscriptions, and even entire troparia are sometimes written on the margins.
On the edge of the husk or the border of the colorful surface of the icon, a line called "layering" is made in a neutral or white color. On the outer edge of the fields is carried out with dark paint - cinnabar or red ocher - a border, or "edge".
Sanitation. Reception and processing of personal
It is impossible not to pay attention to the amazing thoughtfulness, expediency and consistency of the methods of writing the icon. Indeed, everything here is foreseen and prepared for the fact that, having completed the secondary share, move on to the main, to the "personal".
Starting with a dolichny, the master icon painter immediately solves the problem of color, giving movement to all parts of the icon and taking care of the balance of color ratios. Having processed all the surfaces of the local, he, as it were, seeks and predetermines the color of the personal.
Dash cutting
In the expression of the form of volume, that is, the highlighting of the lobar, there was and there is illumination by the created gold "iyokopyu", or "on an assist". On the prepared surface of the clothes or other parts of the doli icon painter applies strokes "in a pen" to the places of light with created gold, diluted with water. This name was probably due to the fact that the golden strokes, laid out broadly and richly in the light, were applied in the shadows with thinner and weaker strokes and this resembled a bird's feather.
This illumination technique is a very painstaking work that requires good vision and skill. To verify this, you need to carefully look at the samples ancient icon, with a golden cutting of the dolichny.
Processing of the share
After the icon is opened, everything is processed. First, all the outer outlines of the colorful squares are outlined - this will be the "inventory of the dolichny", and then all the lines (gvents) of the internal drawing of these sites are written - this will be the "painting of the dolichny".
All lines of inventory and painting were applied with a thin brush in the color of each area, but in a darker tone. And sometimes they were written on the entire icon in one color, called "exedra" (a mixture of black and red), and sometimes just black paint.
Inventory and painting have the meaning of a graphic expression of volume in an icon. In revealing the latter, ancient icon painting has always strived for a special understanding of volume, different from understanding it in paintings.
Personal letter
palette composition: light and red ocher, titanium and zinc white, cadmium red (I don’t use cinnabar), chromium oxide, green earth Italian, burnt umber Italian, Kassel brown Italian, grape black Italian;
sankir: light ocher + red ocher + chromium oxide (or green earth if miniature);
I put the sankir very tightly and evenly so that the gesso does not shine through, then I write only with pure pigments;
I restore the inventory with black (brown) pigment;
I apply engines thickly with titanium white;
I make highlighting with melts of zinc white, browning, shadow splashes;
I fuse everything at the beginning of work with red ocher, at the end of work with light ocher, if a slightly icteric face is obtained, at the end I melt with red ocher;

Have you always wanted to paint icons but didn't know where to start? I bring to your attention detailed master class production of the icon of St. Irene. Mastery of icon painting very exciting and unusual view creativity. Please loved ones with an icon self made in which you invest not only diligence, talent, but also a piece of your soul.

We will need:

board, size 20 × 15, but any can be;
skin;
white acrylic paint for a primer;
gouache;
PVA glue;
glue moment;
varnish for wood, preferably matte, so that the icon does not glare;
rhinestones;
sample icon (suitable Orthodox calendars, icons, electronic versions of icons).

Step 1. We carefully skin the board.

Step 2. We prime the surface of the board. To do this, stir the paint well, you can add a little water. Next, apply acrylic white paint in 2-3 layers. Grind with sandpaper zero. Wipe off the dust with a damp cloth.

Step.3. If your sample icon is taken from the Internet, it is better to print the version to the size of the board, it will be much easier to draw. Now we draw the icons with a pencil. To facilitate the work, you can use tracing paper: first transfer the drawing to it, and then to the board.

Step 5. We take ocher color paint, dilute it with water and paint over the board. In this case, the contour of the figure is visible to us. Don't forget to add glue to the paint.

Step 6. When the surface of the icon is dry, we begin to fill the outline with color. For example, let's start with the face (face). We take the most dark paint, because later we will highlight the face. We do the same with other fragments. We paint over with a dark tone, and at the next stage we highlight. For example, the clothes of the Saint are green, fill the outline with the darkest shade of green that is visible on the icon. When filling in the fragment, remember that there are no bright, open colors in icon painting. They are all muted. For example, red can be mixed with ocher and brown.

Step. 7. We have come to the most important stage of icon painting - the elaboration of fragments. It's better to start with the face. We need to give shape to each fragment, breathe life into it. On this moment dark face of the Saint. We need to brighten it up. We take ocher-colored paint, you can add white and apply it on the cheekbones, forehead, chin. We achieve a smooth transition. We may have to work hard, apply 3-5 layers of paint. The face, like the rest of the fragments, must be flawless. Carefully draw all parts of the icon.

Step. 8. When the icon is completely ready, it is necessary to cover it with varnish. You can use spray varnish. We apply varnish evenly in 2-3 layers.

Step. 9. At the final stage, we will glue the rhinestones on the glue moment. To do this, you need to outline the places for the rhinestones, then carefully glue them onto the icon.