How to make your own oil paints for painting. Dilution with extract

Master class from Elena Kryuchkova. Acrylic is expensive, oil is expensive, and it also takes a long time to dry. What if you just want to try painting something on canvas? Just one picture for which you don’t want to spend “mad thousands” on paints that will then just sit idle? Or you are just learning, or drawing with children, or just drawing for yourself. In any of these cases, the gouache + PVA glue duo comes to the rescue.

My ceramist friends taught me this technique, and I used this mixture for a long time both for drawing on canvas and for painting figurines - yes, it can be used for anything. By the way, they say that boxes with traditional ornaments are painted with the same mixture.

After mixing with PVA, gouache becomes more durable, fits well on canvas or other surface, does not crumble, and also holds volume. And all this is on long years(the title picture was drawn 6 years ago and still no changes).

At the same time, if the work did not work out or is boring, open the tap with hot water and in one minute everything is washed away almost without a trace. And the canvas does not disappear, but goes back to work.

What you will need:

• PVA glue
• the most regular gouache- 9 or 12 colors
• stacks or some sticks for mixing paints
• what you will draw on
• brushes (I use flat ones, like for oil)
• paper or rag for wiping brushes and stacks
• palette
• inspiration

We pour PVA glue into the palette cell at a rate of approximately 1 to 1 with paint, or 1 to 2 - look at the volume, the thickness of the paint, it is better to first experiment with different proportions.

Mix with paint. If you need to get a new shade, then first mix this shade, and then pour in PVA, because until it dries, it creates the illusion of a lighter color.

You will get such a voluminous mixture - that’s it, put it on a brush and paint.

You can rub it over the canvas in a thin layer, or you can lay it in volume.

After drying: the first strip on the left is gouache without PVA, in the middle there is voluminous gouache with PVA, on the right, the lightest gouache with PVA is crushed (see how much better the gouache + PVA mixture looks? And the one without glue is already ready to fall off).

To fix the finished picture, you can cover it with an additional layer of PVA or varnish (but if you use varnish, you won’t be able to wash off this picture with water).

And this is what the canvas looks like after bathing in hot water- just a light trace of paint on top of which you can paint again:

Other Master classes from the section

Homemade paints

The material will be useful to parents, teachers, and additional education teachers.

The history of colors probably began with the advent of man. Drawings have survived to this day. primitive people made with coal and sanguine (clay). Cave people They painted on the stones what surrounded them: running animals and hunters with spears. Medieval artists They also prepared the paints themselves, mixing pigment powders and fats. Such paints could not be stored for more than one day, since upon contact with air they oxidized and hardened.

Homemade paint recipes:
1. Recipe.
1 tbsp. spoon of flour, 2-3 tbsp. tablespoons salt, 50 g water with food coloring, 1 teaspoon vegetable oil. Mix all ingredients and beat until thick sour cream. The binding element of these paints is oil. The prepared paints are very similar to gouache.

Nowadays, getting paint for yourself is not difficult: almost every city has at least an overflowing artist’s shop, and if not, online stores are always at your service. But for most of history, every painter made his own paints with his own hands. Each master had his own secrets of ingredients and their mixing, thanks to which he created his own unique palette.

Perhaps you want to feel like an old painter, or you can’t find paint that suits you on sale - then you may want to make your own paints for your work. Moreover, such paint will cost you much less than ready-made paint.

Painting paints consist of a coloring agent and a binder. The dye gives the paint its color, and the binder combines it into a single mass and evaporates when applied. The quality of paints largely depends on the quality of its components.

Paint preparation process

You will need glass or ceramic dishes or tiles (but in no case metal - they can cause chemical reaction with pigment), coloring pigments, oil, glass pestle for rubbing and paint tubes (collapsible tubes are available at art supply stores). Also take care of a well-ventilated area, a respirator and gloves, as some pigments are toxic.

Oil for paints is used linseed, nut, poppy or hemp (olive and sunflower - only in special cases and for special purposes).

The pigment determines the color of the future paint. Although we describe a recipe for making it yourself instead of buying it in specialty stores, the pigments for mixing, ironically, can only be found there (or, again, on the Internet).

Pour the pigment into the dish in a heap and make a depression in it. Pour oil into the recess and rub it with a palette knife until you obtain a thick, homogeneous paste (make sure that all the pigment is moistened with oil, but use as little oil as possible, since if there is too much of it, the paint dried on the canvas will turn yellow and crack).

Especially light pigments that rise into the air at the slightest movement should be moistened with white spirit and dried a little on paper before mixing.

Oily paints- this is the main material for oil painting. And if today almost everyone prefers to buy ready-made kits, then in the past it was necessary to make oil paints Each artist had to do it for himself. The compositions and secrets of mixing largely determined how the paintings of different masters looked after drying.

You will need

• Pigments, solvent, oil, varnish, ceramic or glass mixing vessels

Instructions

Dishes for mixing paints should not be metal, because many pigments are chemically active and will react with the metal surface. For mixing, you should choose containers made of chemically neutral material. The same applies to the chopsticks with which paints will stir.

In order to bind the pigment in oil paints, you need oil. The following types are used: flax, nut, poppy or hemp. Sunflower or olive oils are used very rarely and for special purposes. Solvents are also useful - volatile liquids that can dissolve plant resins.

The coloring matter or pigment determines the color of the finished oil paints. The oil and solvent evaporate, harden, and the paint dries. Pigments affect the ability of solvents to dry, so different paints dry at different speeds. To control this process, you need different oils that have different drying rates.

To make oil paints yourself, you need to take the pigment used to obtain paints a certain color and add oils and solvents to it. Various substances are used for pigments, some of which are toxic. Natural pigments are very rare and expensive; they are often replaced by the most similar ones or synthesized. Before mixing oil paints, you should find out the proportions of pigment, solvent and oil.

Various artists, when painting, want to get their own effects, so they add special substances to paints. For example, beeswax helps ensure that when the paint dries, it does not separate into a dry and a wet layer, but becomes more elastic. The wax also gives the paint a matte finish. Resins make the surface of the painting layer smoother and glossier, and the paint itself becomes harder. Turpentine, well-purified kerosene and varnishes liquefy paints, but dry out quickly.

note

Some paints do not use pure pigments; other pigment components are added to them in order to balance the drying time of the paint with other colors.

At different times, artists used different solvents and thinners for their paints. When choosing additional ingredients, they were guided by what would help achieve the desired result. Many of them experimented, since the properties of the substances were poorly understood. The mixing technique became more or less established only in the 19th century. At the same time, most artists switched to purchased paints.

Everything interesting

Oil paints for painting are highly valued by painters, as they allow you to fully convey the entire palette of colors of living nature. With their help, artists reach the heights of their craft, creating various effects and natural transitions between...

Exists great amount varieties of paints. One of the very first are tempera paints, and the technique of tempera painting is rightfully considered one of the most ancient and difficult to master, since tempera paints behave…

Paint is a material that is used to give color to certain objects. Enamel is a thin layer of glass that is applied to the surface and subjected to high-temperature treatment. Paints and enamels have different properties. ...

Water-based paint is an environmentally friendly finishing material. It is easily applied to the surface, dries quickly, and does not peel off. All these qualities make water-dispersion paints very popular when carrying out finishing work. What...

Exterior painting work often has to be carried out in winter time, good, modern technologies allow you to select coloring compositions that are resistant to low temperatures. However, this does not mean that you can paint in winter the same way as in summer. ...

Greetings, dear readers!
In this article we will talk about the basics of working with oil paints. Of course it is the most popular technology in the world. The Greatest Masters paintings have been studied, improved and created with oil paints for centuries.

By the way, do you know when the first oil paints appeared? Most likely you thought about the 14-15th century and... you were wrong. Many people think so. But just recently, scientists did... Open this news too!

Detailing the painting with a thin liner

It is quite logical if you want to start your creativity with oil paints. And if you have never done this before, but really want to start, you should first find out what a beginning artist should have on hand and how to start painting with oil paints.

How to create your own artist kit?

• We buy the necessary paints

My main advice to aspiring artists: buy quality paints immediately, don't try to save money! Cheap paints won't do much good, but they'll cause a lot of headaches. When you constantly practice, you will be able to evaluate the quality of your work, which will directly depend on the quality of the paints.

Absolutely you don't have to buy a big set, since there are always colors left that are never used. To start painting with oil paints, just use a few separate tubes. To develop a skill, a novice artist is recommended to have the following palette:

In general, the paint palette consists of 3 main (primary), from which all other colors (secondary and tertiary) are obtained by mixing. And when you learn to mix them, you will understand how and from what it is obtained. Everything around us consists only of red, blue and yellow... Amazing, isn't it?

• Choosing brushes

Second important advice for newbie artists: Be careful when buying brushes! Inspect them to ensure that the connection (clamp) between the pile and the handle is as tight as possible. Believe me, it’s not very pleasant when the lint comes out of the brush and you have to constantly remove it from the damp canvas!

From experience I will say that good brushes will last you many years, if they are of high quality and you handled them correctly.

For beginners painting with oil paints, I recommend starting with flat and semicircular flat brushes. It is enough to purchase 3-5 sizes.

High-quality brushes often become favorites

Over time, you can add retouching, fan and line brushes to the collection. In another article-tip you can find out in more detail what brushes come in size, shape and

• Selecting thinners and solvents

To dilute (liquefy) oil paint to the desired consistency, you need special liquid substances: mainly turpentine or refined linseed oil. Also, many artists use "Tees" — aids for thinning paint. On the market of foreign manufacturers there are various mediums, which I also use.

Important things for every artist

Not recommended for dilution use solvents in pure form(white spirit, turpentine) because they break the structure of oil paint and “steal” its shine. But you will still need solvent to clean brushes and other tools, as well as paint-stained hands.

• Buying a palette

It is impossible to imagine an artist working on a painting without a palette in his hands! This useful thing performs several functions: paints are placed on it, paints are mixed on it, oil cans (special containers) with oil paint thinners are attached to it.

Therefore, in order to paint with oil paints correctly and create many shades, I recommend acquiring a suitable palette. Wooden or plastic, large or small, square or round... The choice is yours.

• Preparing the canvas

Canvas is most often used as a basis for oil painting.Fortunately, contemporary artist can buy ready-made primed canvas on a stretcher.

Almost every art store has canvases for sale. different sizes and from different materials: natural (linen, cotton) and synthetics. I recommend natural materials, they are denser and do not sag much over time.

If you want to prepare the canvas yourself, then to do this you need to prepare a stretcher and stretch the fabric very tightly over it. Then you need to prime the fabric to create a canvas. Canvas sagging is common, so After priming, you need to retighten the canvas a little tighter. Read more about how to make a canvas with your own hands

We prepare the canvas ourselves

Note: most best foundation for canvas – linen. It can be fine-grained, medium-grained and coarse-grained. The stroke on the surface depends on the grain of the canvas. About choosing a canvas

• We purchase an easel

Of course, you can learn to paint with oil paints without an easel by attaching the canvas to any surface. But still, an easel is much more convenient: it is installed at the desired angle at eye level and gives best review paintings.

With an easel it is convenient not only to write, but also to find flaws in the work, and correct them immediately. An easel is a reliable stand for your future painting! They come in different heights and convenience, as well as tabletop mini easels for small canvas sizes.

• We stock up on auxiliary accessories

Have you already thought about where your brushes will go? Where will you wash them? How will you wipe paint off your hands and other utensils? Be sure to stock up on jars in which you will wash your brushes, paper napkins, old newspapers and a few cotton rags.

These important little things should always be at your fingertips, so that you can work calmly and focus your attention on the picture and not on the materials. All this will be indispensable for you in your work to clean your brush or palette knife, or, for example, to remove excess paint from the canvas and wipe your dirty hands.

• Other Important Materials and Accessories

An indispensable tool for working with oil - palette knife! With its help, it is convenient to remove excess paint from the canvas and transfer it to the palette. It also leaves amazingly voluminous strokes! In principle, one palette knife is enough.

But if you decide to learn how to paint well with oil paints and devote a lot of time to this activity, it is better to purchase several of these tools different forms and sizes.

Sketchbook – a special box for transporting paints and painting supplies. You will really need it if you decide to go out and paint in oils in nature or plein air, as it is also called (from the French Plain air - on outdoors, on fresh air)

Oilers- small containers with a clip with which they are attached to the palette. There are two types: simple and double.

Another important element is protective varnish. The finished painting is usually varnished 6-8 months after completion of the work. The varnish protects the painting from ultraviolet radiation, moisture and darkening.... Well, there are a number of other reasons why you should varnish a painting. In addition, varnish makes the colors richer and brighter, adding intensity to the paint layer. How to varnish a painting

Howstart painting correctly with oil paints when the artist's kit is assembled?

So, you have collected everything you need and secured the primed canvas. What to do next? Start writing!

I know that Many novice artists have a fear of a white canvas, something can go wrong and everything will be ruined. Don't be afraid, because the main thing is to just start! Here's how to stop being afraid and start painting.

You can start with a simple plot that comes to mind... For example, a mosaic drawing with selected bright colors, which consists of different figures, shapes and symbols. Well, like the ancient Egyptians, remember? Or you can take a finished image and try to copy it onto canvas...

Start drawing - feel the power of color!

Exist . The most common of them are - multilayer painting and Alla Prima. Most of the most famous paintings are painted in them, although there are many other techniques.

We will talk about them in general and the rules of writing in more detail in another article, but now you need to start to just get a feel for the paints, brush and canvas.

By the way, did you know that creative people have Read, maybe you are a creator by nature, you just didn’t know it!

Here are some more tips:

• Set up a drawing corner in your apartment. There must be enough light to work during the day without additional lighting. It is in the place of the best natural light that we place the easel. If there is not enough natural light, use additional lighting to provide good light on the easel.

• Try to apply oil paints evenly, achieve uniformity on the canvas. If you really want to apply a second coat, take your time; Sometimes you need to give time for the first layer to dry.

• Mix colors! Experiment with shades. Remember that white makes any color lighter, and black makes any color darker, with their help it is easy to achieve the desired shade of shadows and highlights. But don’t get too carried away with black and white, since titanium white, for example, makes some colors cloudy, and black is generally rarely used in classical painting. Although each manufacturer has several black shades on sale. An alternative to black can be dark indigo... it is softer and more delicate in appearance.

“Painting is the most accessible and convenient of the arts” - Johann Goethe, German poet, philosopher and thinker

Additional Video Tips:

Ask your questions below in the comments, I usually answer all questions quickly