The author glorifies the saints by creating ideal images. Presentation - “The Tale of Peter and Fevronia of Murom” Moral ideals and covenants of Ancient Rus' - Hymn of love and fidelity

Municipal educational institution "Bessonovskaya secondary school"

Belgorod district, Belgorod region"

Literature lesson

“Our heart will keep love and loyalty”

(based on “The Tale of Peter and Fevronia of Murom”)

S. Bessonovka

Lesson topic: “Love and fidelity will heal our hearts” (based on “The Tale of Peter and Fevronia of Murom” by Ermolai-Erasmus)

Target: show the significance of “The Tale of Peter and Fevronia of Murom” in the formation of moral family values

1. Educational:

identify the problems of the story;

determine the techniques for creating an artistic person in Ancient Rus';

improve your hero characterization skills.

2. Educational:

cultivate moral qualities: kindness, devotion, loyalty in friendship and love, the ability to forgive;

cultivate a respectful attitude towards the culture of the native country and native language.

3. Developmental:

develop logical thinking, oral and written speech, communication skills (work in groups);

develop research skills.

Lesson type: lesson - research (using interactive techniques)

Vocabulary work: blessed, righteous, pious, blessed, cancer with relics.

Equipment: multimedia projector, computer.

Homework (preliminary): assignments for groups, individual.

The lesson is accompanied by a multimedia presentation

Annex 1

During the classes

Organizing time.

Hello guys, hello dear guests.

Approach to the topic of the lesson. Intrigue.

Do you think the attitude towards the main truths in human life can change over the centuries or does it remain unchanged?

What, in your opinion, is the most important thing in life?

But here is what so many different people who lived in different eras think about this - Blessed Augustine (4th-5th centuries AD) and Academician D. Likhachev (20th century)

Epigraphs:

All virtues are nothing more than love in different forms.

(Blessed Augustine)

Morality is the same in all ages and for all people. By reading about obsolescence in detail, we can find a lot for ourselves.

(D. Likhachev)

Pay attention to the topic of our lesson. It sounds like this: “Our heart will heal... and...”. Write it down in your notebook.

Guys, what does the verb “heal” mean and who is called a “healer”? Let's look into V. Dahl's dictionary

*Heal - free someone from illness, cure, restore health.

Healer - one who heals someone. (V.I. Dal)

What can heal a person's heart?

Tell each other in pairs.

Write the answer options on the petals.

We will return to your answers a little later and will be able to restore the theme of today’s lesson: “...Our heart will heal.....and.....”. A work that will help us answer these and other questions is one of the most beloved and most read works of ancient Russian literature of the 16th century - “The Tale of Peter and Fevronia of Murom” by Ermolai - Erasmus.

The purpose of the lesson: Today in class we will talk about human relationships, try to understand what the author wanted to tell us, what problems worried the writer of the distant past, and determine the genre of this work.

III . Educational research. Group performances.

To solve the outlined tasks, allow me to open a meeting of the Academic Council. The members of the Academic Council are literary scholars, linguists, historians, and art critics. Each group received its own topic for research. Each group will present the results to us.

The story is one of the masterpieces of ancient Russian literature, it has entered the treasury of world culture and the name of its author should be among the most prominent writers of the Russian Middle Ages.

Who wrote this work? What's his backstory?

A word to our historians.

1. Speech by “historians”.

Let's fast forward to the distant 16th century - the time of the formation of a single Russian state with the capital city of Moscow. The unification of Rus' was followed by the unification of Russian culture. Under the leadership of Metropolitan Macarius, an extensive - 12 huge volumes - collection of all that is being compiled, i.e. books read in Rus'. This meeting was called "Great Chetii-Minea". Menaia from mineos (Greek) - month.

And then there are monthly readings. In the “Great Cheti-Menaia”, stories about the lives of the saints of the Orthodox Church were presented in order of months and days. A Russian proverb says: “A city does not stand without a saint, a village does not stand without a righteous man.” And Macarius instructs the priests to collect legends throughout the Russian lands about righteous people famous for their pious deeds. Priest Ermolai received an assignment to write a life about the Murom saints Peter and Fevronia.

Who are they - Prince Peter and Princess Fevronia? Does history know such names?

We found out that the chronicle does not know the Murom prince Peter and his wife Fevronia, and folk tradition identifies them with the Murom prince David, who married the peasant woman Euphrosyne in gratitude for the fact that she healed him of a disease that no one could cure. Ermolai - Erasmus literary processed the local legends about Peter and Fevronia and the legends about the flying snake - the werewolf and the wise maiden. However, besides the name, the city of Murom there are other historical realities.

Let us remember what historical objects are found in the story? I say the name, and your task is to remember which hero it is associated with or in which episode it appears:

The village of Laskovo, Ryazan land

Church of the Exaltation of the Honest and Life-Giving Cross

Cathedral Church of the Holy Mother of God

City Cathedral Church of the Nativity of the Holy Virgin.

Thus, having examined the historical realities, we are convinced that it was important for the author to emphasize the authenticity of the events that he talks about in his work.

IV .Speech by “literary scholars”.

As you know, Metropolitan Macarius did not include the life he commissioned in the collection “Great Chetya - Menaion”. Why?... The answer lies in the research of creative groups of students - literary scholars who worked to identify the features of the genre of a given work: “Fairy tale? Life? A story?

1 group of literary critics - fairy tale

A fairy tale is a folklore work based on fiction.

After reading “The Tale of Peter and Fevronia,” we identified the following features of the fairy tale:

The beginning of the story is reminiscent of a fairy tale: “There is a city in the Russian land... Once upon a time a prince named Pavel ruled in it...”

The story begins with an event that, undoubtedly, came here from a fairy tale: the Serpent began to fly to the wife of Prince Paul and seduce her.

The first part is similar to a fairy tale about a hero - a snake fighter, the second - to an everyday tale about a wise maiden. As in all fairy tales, there is a fairy-tale hero - the tempting snake.

According to the laws of a fairy tale, Good always defeats evil: Peter defeated the serpent.

There are riddles that fairy tale heroes often have to guess. For example: “It’s bad when the house has no ears and the room has no eyes.”

Tricky test tasks (Peter's task to sew a shirt from a bunch of flax and Fevronia's task to make a loom from a log)

Magical objects (for example, Agrikov’s sword, on which the Serpent dies)

Constant epithets (“the crafty serpent”, “the wise virgin”).

Thus, the features we have identified that are characteristic of fairy and everyday fairy tales allow us to classify “The Tale of Peter and Fevronia” as a folklore genre.

But it should be noted that as the plot develops, the images of Peter and Fevronia increasingly begin to acquire the features of Russian saints.

2nd group of literary critics - life

Hagiographic literature was very popular in Rus'. The word "life" means "life." Lives were works that told about saints - statesmen and religious figures, whose lives and actions were regarded as exemplary. That is, the life is a biography of the saints.

Lives had a certain structure:

Introduction, which explained the reasons that prompted the author to begin the story.

The main part is a story about the life of the saint, his death and posthumous miracles.

The life ended with praise to the saint.

“The Tale of Peter and Fevronia” is written in the form of a hagiography - it is an artistic biography of people canonized by the church.

In the course of our work, we identified the following features of the hagiographic genre:

There is a word of praise to the saints: “Let us, according to our strength, give praise to them... Rejoice, venerable and blessed ones, for after death you invisibly heal those who come to you with faith!..”

The heroes' love for God, the heroes' reverence for the Bible.

Miracles that the heroes perform (for example, Fevronia heals the sick, bread crumbs turned into incense, dead stumps became lush trees in the morning).

Unusual death and posthumous miracles (faithful spouses not only died on the same day and hour, but also did not separate after death; at the place of their burial, believers receive healing from the most serious illnesses).

The story uses vocabulary characteristic of spiritual literature: blessed, giving alms, commandments of the Lord, loving children, etc.

But, as we can note, in the story there is no structure of the work traditional for the hagiographic genre (only the ending is a classic example of hagiography).

3rd group of literary critics - story

The genre of the work is defined in the title: “Tale”. During the study, we identified the following genre features:

Specific locations of action are indicated: the city of Murom, Ryazan land, the village of Laskovo. This gives the story credibility.

The heroes of the story are real people.

The prince, before starting treatment, wants to test Fevronia’s wisdom and gives her impossible tasks. In a fairy tale, such tasks are completed with magical speed. Not so in the story. Fevronia responds to a crafty task with no less crafty ones.

For example, Fevronia wraps a thread around a needle: “...At that time she was finishing embroidering that holy air: only one saint’s mantle had not yet been finished, but she had already embroidered the face; and she stopped, and stuck her needle in the air, and wound the thread with which she was embroidering around it...” This detail shows Fevronia’s amazing peace of mind with which she decides to die with her loved one. The author said a lot about her with just this gesture.

The personality of the peasant woman comes to the fore

Theme of social inequality

The story of boyars striving for power who killed each other in civil strife.

Thus, this work contains elements of a historical story!

So what is the genre of this piece? Is this a folklore or literary work?

Write down the conclusion in your notebooks: “To create the images of Peter and Fevronia, the author uses elements of several genre forms at once - a historical story, a fairy tale and a fairy tale, the main form being hagiography.”

V . Analysis of the story.

1. Return to the topic of the lesson.

Guys, you read the story carefully and thoughtfully. What do you think it's about?

Let us restore the words missing in the title of the topic. You can do this by solving the crossword puzzles that are on your desks. (Solving crossword puzzles).

Ready? What keywords did you come up with? (love and fidelity).

2. Images of Peter and Fevronia.

You and I know that it was no coincidence that Peter and Fevronia became the heroes of the story. For the writer, Prince Peter is the embodiment of fair princely power: by talking about the reign of Prince Peter, the author showed what this power should be like. But he also showed an example of married life, fidelity and faith. Life according to God’s commandments, a person’s conscious desire to do good is the most important thing for the author.

What character qualities does a person need to have in order for his memory to live on for centuries?

From the proposed character traits, choose those that are revealed in Peter’s character; as evidence, select those actions of the hero that confirm these qualities in the hero.

Courage, bravery

Religiosity

Meekness and faithfulness to the commandments of God

Wisdom

Love and loyalty to loved ones

The ability to forgive

So, we found out that Peter’s character is revealed in his actions, in his attitude towards other people.

With the help of what objects can you and I imagine Peter’s life path?

* Circle, stairs, path.

N. S. Demenkova believes that “the development of the plot is the steps, stages of Peter’s moral insight, leaving the world of earthly passions for the world of eternal truths.” I agree with this point of view, because Peter goes through the path of physical and spiritual healing thanks to Fevronia. His life path can be represented as a ladder. 1st step - the fight against external evil in the guise of the serpent - the tempter 2nd step - Peter's illness and trials 3rd step - the fight against internal evil - over pride 4th step - meekness and faithfulness to the commandments of God, holiness.

Who helps the hero recover from this illness?

What is the mystery of Fevronia? The character of the main character is multifaceted. Characteristics of Fevronia Confirmation from the text

A wonderful gift

Loyalty

Moral purity

The ability to love selflessly

The story brings to the fore the girl’s extraordinary wisdom. The girl’s wisdom is noticed by a messenger who is looking for a doctor for his prince. What did the messenger see when he entered her house?

In this episode we paid attention to the hare. The hare is a cowardly animal, but here he is not at all afraid of humans. This means that Fevronia is capable of taming animals. Fevronia of Murom is not the only holy virgin in the history of Christianity who had a tame hare. (speech by an art critic on the iconography of Fevronia and St. Millengela of Wales).

Fevronia’s needlework is also significant in this episode - she sits at a loom and weaves canvas. Fevronia did not weave by chance. Homely, hardworking women and girls of Ancient Rus' could most often be seen at a spinning wheel or a loom. Many ancient peoples made not gods, but goddesses sitting at a spinning wheel or loom, the masters and guardians of destinies. In the folklore of many nations, the thread symbolizes human destiny. Hence the expression “thread of fate.” Before her death, Fevronia embroidered “air” for the holy chalice for the Church of the Mother of God. But the “thread of fate” had to be interrupted, since Peter and Fevronia die on the same day.

Fevronia is also characterized through actions. One of the means of creating an artistic image of Fevronia is a detail. This is another feature of this work, because in traditional life there are no details, the author avoids certainty and accuracy.

What do you think symbolizes the miraculous revival of the trees cut down for the fire?

* Firstly, the miraculous gift of the holy virgin Fevronia is confirmed, and secondly, the exile of Peter and Fevronia will end with a return to Murom and the restoration of the princely title.

Academician D.S. Likhachev noted: “The life-giving power of Fevronia’s love is so great that poles stuck into the ground bloom into trees with her blessing. Crumbs of bread in her palm turn into grains of sacred incense. She is so strong in spirit that she can unravel the thoughts of the people she meets. In the strength of her love, in the wisdom, as if suggested to her by this love, Fevronia turns out to be superior even to her ideal husband, Prince Peter.”

If you and I compare her life path with the same subjects, then which subject will you choose?

*He taught to value people not by their origin, but by their actions.

How do the spouses respond to the machinations of the boyars who did not like the new princess for her low birth?

* Both Peter and Fevronia leave the city. For Peter, loyalty to the sacrament of marriage turns out to be higher than princely privileges.

What human vices force the boyars to do this to the ruler?

* Envy, anger, deceit, vindictiveness.

Was the boyars punished for their black deeds?

Yes. “... Many nobles in the city died from the sword, everyone wanted to rule, and destroyed themselves...”

What about repentance?

* “... Do not leave us defenseless, but return to your fatherland!

3. Presentation by linguists.

* Peter - blessed, blessed, holy, glorified, reverend, humble, sincere. Fevronia - holy, wise, wonderful, blessed, reverend.

What do the words “blessed”, “pious”, “venerable” mean?

What techniques for creating an artistic image helped us comprehend the images of saints?

* The character of the characters, which was revealed in their actions, in relation to other people, artistic detail, comparison of the hero with other heroes, the author’s assessment.

Which episode in the text confirms the inexhaustible power of love between Peter and Fevronia?

* Both spouses die on the same day and hour and are not separated even after death. - At the Moscow church council in 1547, Peter and Fevronia were canonized, that is, canonized. There are two miraculous icons of Peter and Fevronia - in the Transfiguration Monastery in Murom and in the Church of the Small Exaltation in Moscow. Our art historian tried to comprehend the icon of the saints.

4. Speech by an art critic: analysis of the icon.

So, we conclude the meeting of our Academic Council. All studies were presented.

VI . Final words from the teacher.

Among all the lives of Russian saints, “The Tale of Peter and Fevronia of Murom” shines with a special light. The Russian people have no other equally poetic and instructive story about marital love and fidelity. The Murom legend about the love of a prince and a peasant girl, which blossomed under the pen of the church writer Ermolai the Pregreshny, became the most favorite reading of the Russian people. The story, which reflected the ideal of Christian marriage, was called “the pearl of ancient Russian literature” and entered the treasury of world culture.

VII . Lesson summary. Conclusions.

What is the main value of the book? What life values ​​are affirmed in it? Write down your conclusions in your notebook: The main idea of ​​the story is the triumph of faith, wisdom, reason, goodness and love. The main human values ​​affirmed in the story are love for people, courage, humility, family values, loyalty, and religiosity.

What do you think helps heal a person’s heart? (reading notes)

What helped Fevronia heal Peter’s heart? (Love and fidelity).

What did you write on your petals? (Reading notes).

Let's collect your petals into one flower - chamomile. Do you think this common wildflower has anything to do with our lesson?

VIII . Message about the Day of Family, Love and Fidelity.

On July 8, the Orthodox Church honors Saints Peter and Fevronia, and this day is considered Valentine's Day in Orthodoxy. In 2008, this day was declared the day of family, love and fidelity, and the chamomile became a symbol of this holiday. Many people make a pilgrimage to Murom: both those who have just decided to get married, and those who have just come to thank these saints for their protection in their family life or to ask for their prayer before the Lord for the granting of family harmony and happiness.

This summer, the icon of Saints Peter and Fevronia visited many Russian cities. One of your classmates has seen this icon and will say a few words about his impressions. (Student's speech).

IX . Reflection.

They resort to the help of saints to find a family, preserve love, and raise children. Looking at the light of a candle burning in front of the icon of Saints Peter and Fevronia, you can mentally ask for true love, for the health and well-being of your family and friends.

We worship the eternal shrines,

And our love for the world is pure.

The Russian heart still believes

The cruel world will be saved by beauty.

What a beauty? (Spiritual)

Ermolai - Erasmus speaks about spiritual beauty in “The Tale of Peter and Fevronia of Murom”; spiritual beauty is sung in a song.

Listening to the song “Peter and Fevronia” (performed by the “Peresvet” choir)

X . Homework.

Essay – reasoning “What attracts readers to Peter and Fevronia today and what do the heroes of ancient Russian life teach us?”

Municipal educational institution

"Turochak secondary school"

Maneeva Natalya Sergeevna, teacher of Russian language and literature

Lesson on:"The Tale of Peter and Fevronia of Murom." The fate and character of the heroes.

Lesson objectives:

1. Educational: introduce students to the world of the ancient Russian story about “Peter and Fevronia of Murom”; show the genre originality of the Tale..." as one of the means of creating the images of Peter and Fevronia; reveal the images of Saints Peter and Fevronia; help students understand the views, morals, morality of past centuries; show the enduring value of love as a great force that elevates a person.

2. Developmental: develop the skill of reading into the subtext of a work, the ability to quote; · develop analytical learning abilities, logical thinking, oral and written speech; · improve skills in characterizing heroes.

3. Educational:· cultivate moral qualities: kindness, devotion, loyalty in friendship and love, the ability to forgive; · cultivate respect for the culture of the native country and native language; · through music, cultivate the aesthetic taste of students.

Vocabulary work: saint, morality; Metropolitan, “Great Menaions,” pious, righteous, monasticism, canonization; fairy tale, story, life; venerable, blessed, humble; merciful.

Lesson structure

1. Organizational moment.

Hello guys, sit down! I am glad to see your good mood for our lesson today. Good discoveries to you!

II. Psychological preparation for the perception of works of ancient Russian literature

Many of you guys have been to church. Let us once again plunge into this holy silence and gaze into the faces of the saints.

Church hymns sound. Reproductions of images of ancient Russian icon painting are slowly alternated using multimedia equipment - Slide

Do you think the images on the icons are images of real personalities, ordinary people who once lived, or unreal, fictitious ones?

(These are ordinary people, but they were extraordinary in relation to the people around them, they had a high sense of philanthropy).

Why did they become saints? (People canonized them as saints because they were examples of moral and spiritual values.

Who is a saint? (A saint is a person who has dedicated himself to God.)

That's right, guys. A saint is a person who has dedicated himself to God, who does good and hates evil, who has earned special gifts from God for his love and faith, for example, the gift of miracles. Slide

III. Lesson topic message.

The history of Christianity contains the names of many people who became famous for their kindness, honesty, firmness in faith and courage in suffering.

Today in the lesson we will touch on the work of Ancient Rus' - the pearl of ancient Russian literature, the heroes of which are the saints - the spouses Peter and Fevronia. Slide

The topic of our lesson: “The Tale of Peter and Fevronia of Murom.” The fate and character of the heroes.

We already got acquainted with this work in the last lesson.

The purpose of our lesson today: - to consider the genre originality of “The Tale...”; Let's try to determine what the hero of ancient Russian literature is like, what his character is; Let's try to compose a spiritual portrait of Peter and Fevronia, which will help us understand the morality of past centuries and evaluate the ideological content of the story.

IV. Working with an epigraph. Slide

Expert in ancient Russian literature D.S. Likhachev said:

How do you understand this statement, which is the epigraph to our lesson, and what is morality?

(Morality is the norms of behavior accepted in society. To be moral means to follow these unwritten rules: to be honest, kind, etc. Norms of behavior, spiritual, life values ​​are the same at all times for all people. By reading ancient books in detail we can find a lot for yourself)

We will return to our epigraph at the end of the lesson. And now let’s move back to the ancient Russian state, to the distant 16th century and find out who wrote this wonderful work “The Tale of Peter and Fevronia”, what is its background? Word to the students. Slide

V. The history of the creation of the story. Individual messages from students.

A) XVI century... - the time of the formation of a unified Russian state.

The unification of Rus' was followed by the unification of Russian culture. Under the leadership of Metropolitan Macarius (Slide), a collection of the lives of all the saints of the Orthodox Church is being compiled in order of months and days - 12 huge volumes. It was called “Great Chetii-Minea” (Slide) (TRANSLATED FROM GREEK – MONTHLY READINGS). And Macarius instructs the priests to collect legends throughout the Russian lands about righteous people famous for their pious deeds.

The old town of Murom was famous for its legends. (Slide) 23 Orthodox saints were born, lived and reigned here. No other city in the world can boast of such an achievement. (Slide) But the most poetic of the Murom legends was the tale of a wise maiden who became a kind and fair princess. It served as the basis for the story. Slide Pskov Priest Ermolai (monastically Erasmus) literary processed local legends and created a story about Peter and Fevronia of Murom.

B) - Peter and Fevronia are real historical figures. Slide 18 Prince Peter ruled in Murom at the beginning of the 13th century. He married the peasant woman Fevronia in gratitude for the fact that she cured him of a disease that no one could cure. They suffered a lot of malice from the boyars, but lived happily until the end of their days. Having grown old, they both took monasticism and died on the same day and hour, June 25, 1228.

“The Tale of Peter and Fevronia” became the favorite reading of medieval Russians. It was written after the canonization of Peter and Fevronia at the Moscow Church Council in 1547. Slide 20 150 copies of the story have been preserved, in which this story is presented in many versions.

Guys, in the speech of our Russians we encountered the words Slide: metropolitan, “Great Four Menaions”, pious, righteous, monasticism, canonization.

Let's remember what they mean?

Metropolitan is a clergyman of the highest level in the Russian Orthodox Church, subordinate to the head of the church (patriarch).

“The Great Menaions” is a collection of the lives of all the saints of the Orthodox Church.

A pious person is a person who honors God and keeps his commandments.

A righteous person is a saint who lived not in monasticism, but in ordinary conditions of family and social life.

Monasticism is literally “solitary, lonely residence,” monasticism; monk - Orthodox monk.

Canonization is canonization.

When was “The Tale...” written? (It was written after the canonization of Peter and Fevronia at the Moscow Church Council in 1547.)

Who commissioned “The Tale of Peter and Fevronia of Murom” to Ermolai-Erasmus? (Metropolitan Macarius)

VI. Genre originality of the story. Features of fairy tales, lives and stories in pr-i

The story of Peter and Fevronia is a special work. It is known that Metropolitan Macarius still did not include the life he commissioned in the collection “Great Cheti-Minea.” Why? Slide

We will find the answer to this question by considering the features of the genre of this work. Slides

What genre features are present in the work? (fairy tales, stories and lives)

What is a fairy tale? (A fairy tale is a folklore work with a fictional attitude)

What types of fairy tales do you know? (magical, about animals, everyday)

Define the story.

A story is an epic work that is smaller in length than a novel and larger than a short story. There are several storylines here.

What is life? (Life is a story about the lives of saints.)

What is their purpose? (The purpose of the lives is to glorify the saint.)

Name the types of lives. (Types: - “martyrdom”, describing the martyrdom and death of a saint;

Life-bios (describes the life of a saint from birth to death)

What structure did the lives have?

Lives had a certain structure:

Introduction, which explained the reasons that prompted the author to begin the story.

The main part is a story about the life of the saint, his pious parents, how faith in God awoke, about suffering in the name of God, the death of the saint and posthumous miracles.

The life ended with praise to the saint.

Now let’s check your background and hear what features of a fairy tale and life you found in the work?

List the fairytale elements of this story.

The beginning of the story is reminiscent of a fairy tale: “There is a city in the Russian land... Once upon a time a prince named Pavel ruled in it...”

The first part is similar to a fairy tale about a hero - a snake fighter, the second - to an everyday tale about a wise maiden.

As in all fairy tales, there is a fairy-tale hero - the tempting snake.

According to the laws of a fairy tale, Good always defeats evil: Peter defeated the serpent.

There are riddles that fairy tale heroes often have to guess. For example: “It’s bad when the house has no ears and the room has no eyes.”

Tricky test tasks (Peter's task to sew a shirt from a bunch of flax and Fevronia's task to make a loom from a log)

Magical objects (for example, Agrikov’s sword, on which the Serpent dies)

Constant epithets (“the crafty serpent”, “the wise maiden”).)

What features of the story are present in the work?

Place names are historically accurate;

The story of the boyars mired in civil strife is told;

details of everyday life / description of chambers, healing, beekeeping, boyar feasts /. Slide 23-3

-Name the features of life in this work.

* Peter - blessed, blessed, holy, glorified, reverend, humble, sincere. Fevronia - holy, wise, wonderful, blessed, reverend.

What do the words “blessed,” “venerable,” and “humble” mean?

Blessed - good, kind.

Reverend - a saint among monastics.

Humble - a quiet, meek person, calm and even in disposition; not angry, kind person.

The heroes' love for God, the heroes' reverence for the Bible.

Miracles that the heroes perform (for example, Fevronia heals the sick, bread crumbs turned into incense, dead stumps became lush trees in the morning). - Slide

What is the genre uniqueness of this work? What genres does the author use? (The author uses elements of several genres at once: historical story, fairy tale, hagiography.)

Name the main genre of this work. Prove it. Or maybe someone thinks differently. (The main genre is hagiography, as it tells about the lives of saints.)

Why didn’t Metropolitan Macarius include the life he commissioned in the collection “Great Cheti-Menaia”? Slide (The work does not represent a canonical (traditional) life. There is no story here about pious parents, about how faith in God awakened, about suffering in the name of God.)

You're right guys. The work does not represent a canonical life. The test of heroes affirms earthly love, family values, and not monastic feat in the name of God. Literary scholars define the genre of a work this way: it is a hagiographic story with elements of a folk-fairy tale nature. (Slide)

VII. Characteristics of the images of the main characters.

Let's move on to the analysis of thin. images The purpose of our conversation is to create a spiritual portrait of the Murom saints Peter and Fevronia (Slide), which will help us understand the ideological content of “The Tale ...” and better cope with our homework - creative work associated with these beautiful images.

Open your notebooks. Write down the topic of the lesson. Divide the notebook sheet into 2 equal parts. In the left column you will have to write down all the positive traits of Peter, in the right - all the positive traits of Fevronia.

Characteristics of Peter

Let us turn to the image of Peter.

You guys know that a person in the literature of this period is either a positive image or a negative one. Does the image of Peter fit this statement? Prove it.

(No. He has both positive and negative traits. On the one hand, he defeats the werewolf snake, goes to church, prays, suffers illness, but on the other hand, he decides to deceive: he did not immediately marry Fevronia, although he gave his word. )

What prevents him from doing otherwise?

(Pride is one of the sins that does not allow Peter to do otherwise. He considers himself superior to a simple peasant girl.)

Who helps the hero recover from this illness? (Fevronia helps Peter gain victory over the evil in himself, or rather, the power of Fevronia’s love.)

What qualities, according to Fevronia, are needed to be cured? Find it in the text. (Kindness and low arrogance)

To be not arrogant means to be what? (Meek, humble)

From the story about Peter, she knows that he fought with a serpent, which means what character trait does he have? (With courage)

What are the qualities of a real male character, according to Fevronia? (Courage, kindness, meekness, humility are the real qualities of a man’s character).

Does Peter have them? Let's write them down.

What other traits are revealed in Peter’s character? (Faith in God, wisdom, love for people, love and loyalty to loved ones, justice)

Name the hero’s actions that confirm these qualities. Prove it with text.

Loyalty to God's commandments,

Faith in God

(piety, religiosity)

Peter prays in church. “There was a Church of the Exaltation outside the city. Prince Peter came there to pray..." -

Takes monastic vows. “At one time they themselves put on monastic robes and took monasticism. Prince Peter was named David, and Princess Fevronia was named Euphrosyne.”

Wisdom

He guessed that the serpent was not his brother Pavel. “It happened that he came to his brother’s chambers, and from him to his daughter-in-law’s chambers. She saw his brother, from whom he had just left.”

Love and loyalty to loved ones

For the sake of his brother, he thinks about how to kill the snake, not even knowing where Agrikov’s sword is. “Prince Peter, hearing that the serpent had called his name, began to think about how to kill him. But he was embarrassed that he did not know where to get Agrikov’s sword.”

He was faithful to Fevronia. “Blessed Prince Peter could not leave his wife and decided to leave Murom.”

The ability to forgive

He forgives the nobles and returns to reign in Murom.

“All of us who are still alive, although we have angered you, we pray to you and your princess: do not leave us, your slaves, we want you, and we love you, and we ask.”

Just ruler

“And they reigned in that city like a child-loving father and mother. They loved everyone equally, but they didn’t like pride and robbery.”

IX. Characteristics of Fevronia

T.O., we traced the development of the image of Peter.

What is the mystery of Fevronia? Who is Fevronia? (Fevronia, the daughter of poison dart frogs who search trees for hollows with honey from wild bees, lives in the village of Laskovo.)

When do we first meet Fevronia? (When the messenger is looking for a doctor for Prince Peter)

Let's look into Fevronia's house.

Find and read the riddles of Fevronia in the story. First riddle, second, third.

What else proves the heroine’s wisdom? (She repels Peter’s unfulfillable demands (to make a shirt, pants and a towel from a bunch of flax) with the same unfulfillable demands, but from her side (to make a machine from a chick). She did not anoint one of his scabs.

So what trait does Fevronia have? (wisdom). Let's write it down.

What, or rather who, did you notice in this episode?

(In the same episode, we drew attention to the hare. The hare is a cowardly animal, but here he is not at all afraid of humans. This means that Fevronia is capable of taming animals.)

What does this mean? (What character trait does this speak about?) (About kindness (about her kind heart, her kindness)

Fevronia’s handicraft is also significant in this episode. Why did the author depict her sitting at a loom? (Fevronia did not weave by chance. Homely, hardworking women and girls of Ancient Rus' could most often be seen at a spinning wheel or a loom. This speaks of hard work and the fact that she is a good housewife)

2. Retranslation of a fragment

So why did Peter marry Fevronia? (Because I loved her).

Why did Peter fall in love with Fevronia? (He was convinced of the girl’s intelligence and spiritual beauty.

She did not accept his gifts, which means she is not selfish or greedy. “Without being angry at all” heals him again, which means she is merciful).

That's right, guys. What does the word mercy mean?

(Mercy is the ability to sympathize, sympathize, perceive someone else’s misfortune as your own, the ability to forgive.) Let’s write it down.

Why did Fevronia fall in love with Peter without seeing him? they communicated

through servants? (She has the gift of foresight, and she knows that Prince Peter is her betrothed. He has the qualities of real masculine courage, kindness, meekness and humility)

So what quality do both Peter and Fevronia have? (ability to love) Write it down.

What other qualities does Fevronia have? (Faith in God, a miraculous gift, fidelity, meekness, humility)

In what situations do they appear? Support with quotes from the text.

Characteristics of Fevronia

Confirmation from the text

Piety (loyalty to God's commandments, religiosity, faith in God)

Calms Peter down. Strengthens his faith. “Do not grieve, prince, the merciful God will not leave us in need.” –

A wonderful gift

The gift of healing the sick and the gift of working miracles. Miracles: Crumbs turn into incense. Dead stumps became lush trees in the morning

Loyalty

Leaving Murom, he takes with him not gold, but his husband Peter. “I don’t ask anything for myself, only for my husband, Prince Peter”

Meekness, humility

Forgives the boyars who expelled them from Murom.

Guys, how does the life of Peter and Fevronia end?

* Both spouses die on the same day and hour and are not separated even after death.

VIII.Working with symbolic objects (Slide)

This is how the life of Peter and Fevronia ended. We already know a lot about our heroes. Let's try to imagine their life path in the form of symbolic objects. Before us are three objects: a ladder, a path and a circle.

What is a ladder? (This is a device invented by people in order to climb up one step at a time.)

What kind of person's life do you think can be compared to climbing stairs? (A person who overcomes difficulties, obstacles, but still gets to the top)

Just as you and I climb the stairs in order to get something, do something, or simply find ourselves in the right place, in the same way a person walks along the symbolic ladder, overcoming obstacles and obstacles in order to reach the top - perfection.

What is a trail? (Trail (path) - a narrow trodden path).

What would a person's life path be like if it were represented as a path?

The path symbolizes a relatively calm, smooth life of a person, in which there are minor obstacles that force a person to turn in one direction or the other.

But the circle is a very important symbol. The circle has neither beginning nor end. It means eternity, immutability, constancy, loyalty to one’s ideas, purity of thoughts.

With the help of which of these objects can you and I imagine Peter’s life path? Give reasons for your answer. (His life path can be represented as a ladder. 1st step - the fight against external evil in the guise of the serpent - the tempter 2nd step - Peter's illness and trials 3rd step - the fight against internal evil - over pride 4th step - meekness and fidelity to the commandments of God, holiness. )(Slide)

If you and I compare Fevronia’s life path with the same subjects, then which subject will you choose?

(Circle. The author more than once emphasizes the predetermination of her fate, her life path. Throughout the narrative, the image of the saint remains unchanged: Fevronia has moral purity, purity of thoughts, her faith in God is unshakable.) (Slide)

IX. Spiritual portrait of Peter and Fevronia. Conclusions.

Guys, you and I have compiled a spiritual portrait of Peter and Fevronia. (Slide)

Read what positive and wonderful qualities Peter has.

Courage

Kindness

Meekness

Humility

Fidelity to God's commandments (piety, religiosity)

Wisdom

Love and loyalty to loved ones

The ability to forgive

What moral qualities does Fevronia have?

Wisdom

Kindness

Hard work

Mercy

The ability to love selflessly

Piety (loyalty to God's commandments, religiosity)

A wonderful gift

Loyalty

Meekness, humility

X.Homework. This hagiographic portrait will help you complete your homework. Write a short essay (4-5 sentences) on the topic “What do the heroes of the ancient Russian story about Peter and Fevronia teach us.” Write down the task so that you and I do not have to return to it.

Is it possible to classify Peter and Fevronia as saints based on the hagiographic portrait? Prove it. (Peter and Fevronia are an example of moral and spiritual values.) (Slides)

How did Peter and Fevronia deserve the title of saints? (With their love and fidelity. They loved each other so much that they asked God to die on the same day. And even after death they ended up together in the same coffin.) (Slide)

Peter and Fevronia were an example of family life, love and fidelity. Even death did not separate them. Therefore, they became saints - patrons of marriage. (slide)

On July 8, the Orthodox Church honors Saints Peter and Fevronia, and this day is considered Valentine's Day in Orthodoxy. Slide 31 In 2008, this day was declared the day of family, love and fidelity, and the chamomile became a symbol of this holiday. (Slide) Many people make a pilgrimage to Murom to thank these saints for their protection in their family life or to ask for their prayer to the Lord for the granting of family harmony and happiness.

XI. Lesson summary.

Let's return to our epigraph. Slide 33

Morality is the same in all ages and for all people.

By reading about obsolescence in detail, we can find a lot for ourselves.

What is the main value of the book?

(This story is a kind of hymn to faith, love and fidelity.)

What life values ​​are affirmed in it? (Love for people, courage, humility, family values, loyalty, religiosity, wisdom, kindness, mercy).

Are these qualities valued in modern times?

Does the epigraph correspond to the idea of ​​our lesson?

What is the main idea of ​​the story? (Love, loyalty, kindness can defeat any evil.)

The triumph of faith, wisdom, goodness and love is the main idea of ​​the story. With their lives, Peter and Fevronia showed what a person should be, what his life should be like. Look again how many wonderful moral qualities that are passed down from century to century, from generation to generation, a person must have. Let us also try to live in such a way that we become at least a little like these holy people. And the books that you see at our exhibition can help with this. In them you will find not only the story of Peter and Fevronia, but also stories about the lives of other saints of the Orthodox Church.

XII.Grading.

Sections: Literature

1) instill a culture of discussion in the classroom, the ability to defend one’s point of view, and the ability to listen to the interlocutor.
2) develop the ability to work with text (working with a pencil);
skill in analyzing an episode, the ability to draw up a text plan based on the main episodes;
3) training in comparative and comparative analysis of working on a text (working with a table).

Ermolai-Erasmus

The Tale of Peter and Fevronia of Murom

The purpose of the lesson:

• Get acquainted with a work of ancient Russian literature.
• Determine the problems of the story.
• To identify the innovation of Ermolai-Erasmus in creating the character of the heroine.
• Expand the concept of an episode of an epic work.
• Develop analytical skills and written speech.

Survey based on the material covered.

• “The Tale of Peter and Fevronia” - is it a folklore or literary work? Why?
• Can this work be called a hagiography?
• What does “story” mean, why is this work called a story?

Working with the text of a work.
(Completing and checking homework)

Main episodes of the story:

• Devil's Tricks
• Why does the serpent's death happen?
• Death from Peter's shoulder and Agrikov's sword.
• Agrikov's sword has been found.
• The serpent is killed.
• A wise girl from the village of Laskovo.
• Fevronia's condition and healing.
• Conspiracy against Princess Fevronia.
• “Give me what I ask!”
• Fevronia's insight.
• Return to Murom and a happy reign.
• “The time of death has come.”
• Miracles with the bodies of Peter and Fevronia.

1) Title the episode.
2) Indicate what place this episode occupies in the work (at the beginning, at the end, major or minor).
3) The role of the episode in revealing characters or in developing the plot.
4) The characters in the episode, what character traits each person displays.
5) Does the episode contain a landscape or a description of the interior, the objective world; their role.
6) How the writer’s style is manifested in the episode, what is characteristic of him.
7) Linguistic features of the episode - analysis of the language used by the author.

A cool essay of an analytical type on the topic “The image of man in folklore and ancient Russian literature.” Reading monuments of ancient Russian literature is extremely useful when the soul asks for something unusual.

A. S. Demin

Peter and Fevronia are historical figures. They reigned in Murom at the beginning of the 13th century and died in 1228. The story is based on a local legend about a wise peasant girl who became a princess.

• The story is similar to a life, but the content of the work differs from the canonical life.
• Find signs of life in the story.
• What does the beginning of the story remind you of?
• Find other signs of a fairy tale in the work.

• What unusual did Peter’s servant notice in Fevronia’s house?
• How does Fevronia answer the servant’s questions? Why can’t he understand anything in the words of the tree frog’s daughter?
• Find in the text of the story episodes in which Fevronia’s intelligence, her piety and loyalty are manifested.
• What quality does the author emphasize in her character in the first place?
• Who does Fevronia turn to in difficult times?
• What character traits of the heroine do you find most attractive?
• Why do miracles happen after her death?

• “...At that time she was finishing the embroidery of that holy air: only one saint’s mantle had not yet been finished, but she had already embroidered the face; and she stopped, and stuck her needle in the air, and wound the thread around it with which she was embroidering...”
• Read the ending of the story.
• What impression does it make?
• Find elements of these genres in the structure of the story.

Fill out the table:

• To create the images of Saints Peter and Fevronia, the author uses elements of several genre forms at once - a historical story, a magical and everyday fairy tale, but the main form is hagiography.

Morality is the same in all ages and for all people. By reading about obsolescence in detail, we can find a lot for ourselves.

Regional state special (correctional) educational institution for students,

pupils with developmental disabilities

special (correctional)

general education boarding school of type V

Zernograd, Rostov region

Open literature lesson in 7th grade

“The Tale of Peter and Fevronia of Murom. Fate and character of heroes"

Prepared and conducted:

Skidelo O.S., Russian teacher

Language and literature, II quarter category

Technological support of the lesson:

1. information technology, ICT;
2. person-oriented technologies;
3. technology of education of spiritual culture;
4. technology of pedagogical cooperation;
5. technology for the development of critical thinking through reading and writing (RCMP).

Teaching methods:

1. creative reading method;
2. illustrative method;
3. heuristic method;
4. search method;
5. method of analysis and synthesis.

Goals:

1. Educational:

1. introduce students to the world of the ancient Russian story about “Peter and Fevronia of Murom”;
2. show the genre originality of the Tale..." as one of the means of creating the images of Peter and Fevronia;
3. reveal the images of Saints Peter and Fevronia;
4. help students understand the views, morals, morality of past centuries;
5. show the enduring value of love as a great force that elevates a person.

2. Developmental:

1. develop the skill of reading into the subtext of a work, the ability to quote;

 develop analytical learning abilities, logical thinking, oral and written speech;

 improve your hero characterization skills.

3. Educational:

 cultivate moral qualities: kindness, devotion, loyalty in friendship and love, the ability to forgive;

 cultivate a respectful attitude towards the culture of the native country and native language;

 through music, to cultivate the aesthetic taste of students.

Vocabulary work:saint, morality; metropolitan, "Great Menaions", pious, righteous, monasticism,canonization; fairy tale, story, life; venerable, blessed, humble; merciful.

Lesson equipment:

 Literature. Grade 7. Part 1. Author-compiler V.Ya. Korovina. – M., Education, 2009.

 Worksheets;

 Computer presentation for the lesson.

 Exhibition of works of ancient Russian literature and reproductions of paintings (icons).

 Audio recording of a church hymn.

 Audio recording of the song “Peter and Fevronia” performed by the “Peresvet” choir..

 Fragments from the film “Peter and Fevronia. A story of love and fidelity." Episodes “The Messenger in the House of Fevronia”, “The Death of Peter and Fevronia”.

During the classes

1. Organizing time.

Hello guys, sit down! I am glad to see your good mood for our lesson today. Good discoveries to you!

1. Psychological preparation for the perception of works of ancient Russian literature

Many of you guys have been to church. Let us once again plunge into this holy silence and gaze into the faces of the saints.

Church hymns sound. Slowly alternate with the help of multimedia equipment reproductions of images of ancient Russian icon painting - Slide 1-7

Do you think the images on the icons are images of real personalities, ordinary people who once lived, or unreal, fictitious ones?

(These are ordinary people, but they were extraordinary in relation to the people around them, they had a high sense of philanthropy).

Why did they become saints?(People canonized them as saints because they were examples of moral and spiritual values.

Who is a saint?(A saint is a person who has dedicated himself to God.)

That's right, guys. A saint is a person who has dedicated himself to God, who does good and hates evil, who has earned special gifts from God for his love and faith, for example, the gift of miracles. Slide 8

III. Lesson topic message.

The history of Christianity contains the names of many people who became famous for their kindness, honesty, firmness in faith and courage in suffering.

Today in the lesson we will for the first time touch on the work of Ancient Rus' - the pearl of ancient Russian literature, the heroes of which are the saints - the spouses Peter and Fevronia. Slide 9

Topic of our lesson:"The Tale of Peter and Fevronia of Murom." The fate and character of the heroes. Slide 10

We have already become acquainted with this work.

The purpose of our lesson today:- consider the genre originality of “The Tale...”; Let's try to determine what the hero of ancient Russian literature is like, what his character is; Let's try to compose a spiritual portrait of Peter and Fevronia, which will help us understand the morality of past centuries and evaluate the ideological content of the story.

1. Working with an epigraph. Slide 11

Expert in ancient Russian literature D.S. Likhachev said:

How do you understand this statement, which is the epigraph to our lesson and what morality is?

(Moral - These are the norms of behavior accepted in society. To be moral means to follow these unwritten rules: to be honest, kind, etc. Norms of behavior, spiritual and life values ​​are the same at all times for all people. By reading ancient books in detail we can find a lot for ourselves)

We will return to our epigraph at the end of the lesson. And now let's move to the ancient Russian state, to the distantXVI century and find out who wrote this wonderful work “The Tale of Peter and Fevronia”, what is its background? Overview to V. Petelin and A. Yurova. Slide 12

V. The history of the creation of the story. Individual messages from students.

(in costumes of medieval Russians)

Petelin: XVI century... - the time of formation of a unified Russian state.

The unification of Rus' was followed by the unification of Russian culture. Under the leadership of Metropolitan Macarius ( Slide 13) In order of months and days, a collection of the lives of all the saints of the Orthodox Church is compiled - 12 huge volumes. It was called "Great Cheti-Minea" ( Slide 14) ( TRANSLATED FROM GREEK – MONTHLY READINGS). And Macarius instructs the priests to collect legends throughout the Russian lands about righteous people famous for their pious deeds.

The old town of Murom was famous for its legends. ( Slide 15) 23 Orthodox saints were born, lived and reigned here. No other city in the world can boast of such an achievement. ( Slide 16) But the most poetic of the Murom legends was the tale of a wise maiden who became a kind and fair princess.It served as the basis for the story. Slide 17 The Pskov Priest Ermolai (monastically Erasmus) literary processed local legends and created a story about Peter and Fevronia of Murom.

Yurova: Peter and Fevronia are real historical figures. Slide 18 Prince Peter ruled in Murom at the beginning of the 13th century. He married the peasant woman Fevronia in gratitude for the fact that she cured him of a disease that no one could cure.. They suffered a lot of anger from the boyars, but they lived happilytill the end of one's days. Having grown old, they both took monasticism and died inon the same day and time on June 25 1228. Slide 19

“The Tale of Peter and Fevronia” became the favorite reading of medieval Russians.It was written after the canonization of Peter and Fevronia at the Moscow Church Council in 1547. Slide 20 150 copies of the story have been preserved, in which this story is presented in many versions.

- Guys, in the speech of our Russians there were words Slide 21: metropolitan, “Great Menaions,” pious, righteous, monasticism, canonization.

Let's remember what they mean?

Metropolitan - in the Russian Orthodox Church, a clergyman of the highest level, subordinate to the head of the church (patriarch).

"Great Fourth Menaion"- a collection of the lives of all the saints of the Orthodox Church.

Pious - a person who honors God and keeps his commandments.

Righteous, righteous- a saint who lived not in monasticism, but in ordinary conditions of family and social life.

Monasticism - literally “solitary, lonely residence”, monasticism; Enoch - Orthodox monk.

Canonization - canonization.

When was “The Tale...” written?(It was written after the canonization of Peter and Fevronia at the Moscow Church Council in 1547.)

Who commissioned “The Tale of Peter and Fevronia of Murom” to Ermolai-Erasmus?(Metropolitan Macarius)

VI. Genre originality of the story. Features of fairy tales, lives and stories in pr-i.

The story of Peter and Fevronia is a special work. It is known that Metropolitan Macarius still did not include the life he commissioned in the collection “Great Cheti-Minea.” Why? Slide 22 We will find the answer to this question by considering the features of the genre of this work. Slide 23-1

What genre features are present in the work? (fairy tales, stories and lives)

What is a fairy tale?(A fairy tale is a folklore work with a fictional attitude)

What types of fairy tales do you know?(magical, about animals, everyday)

Define the story.

A story is an epic work that is smaller in length than a novel and larger than a short story. There are several storylines here.

What is life?(Life is a story about the lives of saints.)

What is their purpose? (The purpose of the lives is to glorify the saint.)

Name the types of lives. (Types: -“martyrdom”, describing the martyrdom and death of a saint;

Life-bios (describes the life of a saint from birth to death)

What structure did the lives have?

Lives had a certain structure:

1. Introduction, which explained the reasons that prompted the author to begin the story.
2. The main part is a story about the life of the saint, his pious parents, how faith in God awoke, about suffering in the name of God, the death of the saint and posthumous miracles.
3. The life ended with praise to the saint.

Now let’s check your background and hear what features of a fairy tale, story and life you found in the work?

List the fairytale elements of this story.

1. The beginning of the story is reminiscent of a fairy tale: “There is a city in the Russian land... Once upon a time a prince named Pavel ruled in it...”
2. The first part is similar to a fairy tale about a hero - a snake fighter, the second - to an everyday tale about a wise maiden.
3. As in all fairy tales, there is a fairy-tale hero - the tempting snake.
4. According to the laws of a fairy tale, Good always defeats evil: Peter defeated the serpent.
5. There are riddles that fairy tale heroes often have to guess. For example: “It’s bad when the house has no ears and the room has no eyes.”
6. Tricky test tasks (Peter's task to sew a shirt from a bunch of flax and Fevronia's task to make a loom from a log)
7. Magical objects (for example, Agrikov’s sword, on which the Serpent dies)
8. Constant epithets (“the crafty serpent”, “the wise virgin”).) Slide 23-2

What features of the story are present in the work?

1. historically accurate place names;
2. the story of the boyars mired in civil strife is told;

Details of everyday life / description of chambers, healing, beekeeping, boyar feasts /. Slide 23-3

Name the features of life in this work.

1. The author glorifies the saints by creating ideal images.

What epithets does the author reward the heroes with?
* Peter - blessed, blessed, holy, glorified, reverend, humble, sincere. Fevronia - holy, wise, wonderful, blessed, reverend.
-What do the words “blessed,” “venerable,” and “humble” mean?

Blissful - good, kind.

Reverend - saint of the monastics.

Humble – a quiet, meek person, calm and even in disposition; not angry, kind person.

1. The heroes' love for God, the heroes' reverence for the Bible.
2. Miracles that the heroes perform (for example, Fevronia heals the sick, bread crumbs turned into incense, dead stumps became lush trees in the morning). - Slide 23-4

- What is the genre uniqueness of this work? What genres does the author use?(The author uses elements of several genres at once: historical story, fairy tale, hagiography.)

Name the main genre of this work. Prove it. Or maybe someone thinks differently. (The main genre is hagiography, as it tells about the lives of saints.)

Why didn’t Metropolitan Macarius include the life he commissioned in the collection “Great Cheti-Menaia”? Slide 24 (Pr-e does not represent a canonical (traditional) life. There is no story here about pious parents, about how faith in God awakened, about suffering in the name of God.)

You're right guys. Workdoes not represent a canonical life.The test of heroes affirms earthly love, family values, and not monastic feat in the name of God. Literary scholars define the genre of a work this way: it ishagiographic story with folk-fairy elements. Slide 23-5

VII. Characteristics of the images of the main characters.

- Let's move on to the analysis of thin. imagesThe purpose of our conversation- compose a spiritual portrait of the Murom saints Peter and Fevronia(Slide 24) which will help us understand the ideological content of “The Tale...” and better cope with our homework - creative work associated with these beautiful images.

Open your notebooks. Write down the topic of the lesson. Divide the notebook sheet into 2 equal parts. In the left column you will have to write down all the positive traits of Peter, in the right - all the positive traits of Fevronia.

Characteristics of Peter

Let us turn to the image of Peter.

You guys know that a person in the literature of this period is either a positive image or a negative one. Does this statement fit?image of Peter? Prove it.

(No. He has both positive and negative traits. On the one hand, he defeats the werewolf snake, goes to church, prays, suffers illness, but on the other hand, he decides to deceive: he did not immediately marry Fevronia, although he gave his word. )

What prevents him from doing otherwise?

(Pride is one of the sins that does not allow Peter to act differently.He considers himself superior to a simple peasant girl.)

Who helps the hero recover from this illness? (Fevronia helps Peter gain victory over the evil in himself, or rather, the power of Fevronia’s love.)

What qualities, according to Fevronia, are needed to be cured? Find it in the text.(Kindness and low arrogance)

Be not arrogant means to be what?(Meek, humble)

From the story about Peter, she knows that he fought with a serpent, which means what character trait does he have?(With courage)

What are the qualities of a real male character, according to Fevronia?(Courage, kindness, meekness, humility are the real qualities of a man’s character).

Does Peter have them? Let's write them down.

What other traits are revealed in Peter’s character?(Faith in God, wisdom, love for people, love and loyalty to loved ones, justice)

Name the hero’s actions that confirm these qualities. Prove it with text.

IX . Characteristics of Fevronia

T.O., we traced the development of the image of Peter.

What is the mystery of Fevronia? Who is Fevronia? (Fevronia, the daughter of poison dart frogs who search trees for hollows containing wild bees’ honey, lives in the village of Laskovo.)

When do we first meet Fevronia? (When the messenger is looking for a doctor for Prince Peter)

Let's look into Fevronia's house.

Watching the video clip “The Messenger in Fevronia’s House” -

ORT-04.16-05.20 (ulcers)

1. Episode Analysis

What is missing from the text in this fragment?(Riddles)

Find and read the riddles of Fevronia in the story. First riddle, second, third.

Find in the text the answer to the first riddle, to the second, to the third.

What else proves the heroine’s wisdom?(She repels Peter’s unfulfillable demands (to make a shirt, pants and a towel from a bunch of flax) with the same unfulfillable demands, but from her side (to make a machine from a chick). She did not anoint his one scab.

So what trait does Fevronia have?(wisdom). Let's write it down.

What, or rather who, did you notice in this episode?

(In the same episode, we drew attention to the hare. The hare is a cowardly animal, but here he is not at all afraid of humans. This means that Fevronia is capable of taming animals.)

What does this mean? (What the hell is this talking about?)(About kindness (about her kind heart, her kindness)

Fevronia’s handicraft is also significant in this episode. Why did the author depict her sitting at a loom? (Fevronia did not weave by chance. Homely, hardworking women and girls of Ancient Rus' could most often be seen at a spinning wheel or a loom. It says about hard work , that she is a good housewife)

2. Retranslation of a fragment

So why did Peter marry Fevronia?(Because I loved her).

Why did Peter fall in love with Fevronia?(He was convinced of the girl’s intelligence and spiritual beauty.

She did not accept his gifts, which means she is not selfish or greedy. “Without being angry at all” heals him again, which means she is merciful).

That's right, guys. What does the word mean? mercy?

(Mercy - this is the ability to sympathize, sympathize, perceive someone else’s misfortune as your own, the ability to forgive.) Let's write it down.

- Why did Fevronia fall in love with Peter without seeing him? they communicated
through servants?(She has the gift of foresight, and she knows that Prince Peter is her betrothed. He has the qualities of real masculine courage, kindness, meekness and humility)

So what quality do both Peter and Fevronia have? (ability to love) Write it down.

- What other qualities does Fevronia have?(Faith in God, a miraculous gift, fidelity, meekness, humility)

In what situations do they appear? Support with quotes from the text.

Guys, how does the life of Peter and Fevronia end?
* Both spouses die on the same day and hour and are not separated even after death.

Let's watch the video clip.

Watching the video clip “The Death of Peter and Fevronia”

4. Working with symbolic objects(Slide 25)

This is how the life of Peter and Fevronia ended. We already know a lot about our heroes. Let's try to imagine their life path in the form of symbolic objects. We have three items in front of us: stairs, path and circle.

What is a ladder? (This is a device invented by people in order to climb up one step at a time.)

What kind of person's life do you think can be compared to climbing stairs?(A person who overcomes difficulties, obstacles, but still gets to the top)

Just as you and I climb the stairs in order to get something, do something, or simply find ourselves in the right place, in the same way a person walks along the symbolic ladder, overcoming obstacles and obstacles in order to reach the top - perfection.

What is a trail? (Trail (path) - a narrow trodden path).

What would a person's life path be like if it were represented as a path?

The path symbolizes a relatively calm, smooth life of a person, in which there are minor obstacles that force a person to turn in one direction or the other.

Here's a circle – This is a very important symbol. The circle has neither beginning nor end. It means eternity, immutability, constancy, loyalty to one’s ideas, purity of thoughts.

With the help of which of these objects can you and I imagine Peter’s life path? Give reasons for your answer.(His life path can be represented as a ladder. 1st step - the fight against external evil in the guise of the serpent - the tempter 2nd step - Peter's illness and trials 3rd step - the fight against internal evil - over pride 4th step - meekness and fidelity to the commandments of God, holiness. ) Slide 26

If you and I compare Fevronia’s life path with the same subjects, then which subject will you choose?
(Circle. The author more than once emphasizes the predetermination of her fate, her life path. Throughout the narrative, the image of the saint remains unchanged: Fevronia has moral purity, purity of thoughts, her faith in God is unshakable.) Slide 27

XI. Spiritual portrait of Peter and Fevronia. Conclusions.

- Guys, you and I have compiled a spiritual portrait of Peter and Fevronia. Slide 28-1

Read what positive and wonderful qualities Peter has.

What moral qualities does Fevronia have?

Homework.This hagiographic portrait will help you complete your homework. Write a short essay (4-5 sentences) on the topic “What do the heroes of the ancient Russian story about Peter and Fevronia teach us.” Write down the task so that you and I do not have to return to it.

Is it possible to classify Peter and Fevronia as saints based on the hagiographic portrait? Prove it.(Peter and Fevronia are an example of moral and spiritual values.) Slide 28-2

How did Peter and Fevronia deserve the title of saints?(With their love and loyalty. They loved each other so much that they asked God to die on the same day. And even after death they ended up together in the same coffin.) Slide 29

Peter and Fevronia were an example of family life, love and fidelity. Even death did not separate them. Therefore, they became saints - patrons of marriage. Slide 30

On July 8, the Orthodox Church honors Saints Peter and Fevronia, and this day is considered Valentine's Day in Orthodoxy. Slide 31 In 2008, this day was declared the day of family, love and fidelity, and the chamomile became a symbol of this holiday. Slide 32 Many people make a pilgrimage to Murom to thank these saints for their protection in their family life or to ask for their prayer to the Lord for the granting of family harmony and happiness.

VIII. Lesson summary.

Let's return to our epigraph. Slide 33

Morality is the same in all ages and for all people.

By reading about obsolescence in detail, we can find a lot for ourselves.

What is the main value of the book?

(This story is a kind of hymn to faith, love and fidelity.)

What life values ​​are affirmed in it?(Love for people, courage, humility, family values, loyalty, religiosity, m wisdom, kindness, mercy).

Are these qualities valued in modern times?

Does the epigraph correspond to the idea of ​​our lesson?

What is the main idea of ​​the story?(Love, loyalty, kindness can defeat any evil.)

Slide 34

The triumph of faith, wisdom, kindness and love - this is the main idea of ​​the story. With their lives, Peter and Fevronia showed what a person should be, what his life should be like. Look again how many wonderful moral qualities that are passed down from century to century, from generation to generation, a person must have. Let us also try to live in such a way that we become at least a little like these holy people. And the books that you see at our exhibition can help with this. In them you will find not only the story of Peter and Fevronia, but also stories about the lives of other saints of the Orthodox Church.

And at the end of our lesson, listen to the wonderful song by Mark Tishman, which became a hymn to Peter and Fevronia.

The song “Peter and Fevronia” is playing

Grading.

Guys, our lesson is over. I really liked the way you worked today...

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Text content of presentation slides: Ideological and artistic originality of “The Tale of Peter and Fevronia of Murom” “The main thing is to love others as you love yourself, that’s the main thing, and that’s all, nothing else is needed” (from the “Gospel”) author: teacher of the Municipal Educational Institution “Secondary School No. 14” » Vologda Subbotina I.P. July 8 is the All-Russian Day of Family, Love and Fidelity. Saints Peter and Fevronia of Murom are the patrons of family and marriage. Their marriage is an example of Christian marriage and fidelity. “The family is a society in miniature, on the integrity of which the morality of human society depends” F. Adler Can the attitude towards the main truths in human life change over the centuries or does it remain unchanged? The author of the story is the writer and publicist Ermolai, in monasticism - Erasmus. He was a priest in Pskov, then rector of the Cathedral of the Savior - on Bor in Moscow, and then became a monk. “At one time they took monasticism and put on monastic robes. And the blessed Prince Peter was named David in the monastic rank, and the Venerable Fevronia in the monastic rank was called Euphrosyne." Peter and Fevronia are historical persons. They reigned in Murom at the beginning of the 13th century and died in 1228. But the story is written based on the local legend about a wise peasant girl who became a princess. The village of Laskovo, which is mentioned in the story, still exists today; it is located near the village of Solotcha, where Fevronia was from. The prototype of the hero of the story, Prince Peter, could be Prince David Yuryevich, who ruled Murom at the beginning of the 13th century, who married the peasant woman Euphrosyne. The story became a true masterpiece of ancient Russian literature, it was written after the canonization, that is, the canonization of Peter and Fevronia in Moscow church council in 1547. FAIRY TALE? LIFE? STORY? Conclusion: Fairy Tale Life Tale We have identified the following features of the fairy tale: 1. Fairytale beginning. 2. The first part is similar to a fairy tale about a hero - a snake fighter, the second - to an everyday fairy tale about a wise maiden. 3. There is a fairy-tale hero, the tempting snake. 4. Good conquers evil. Peter defeats the snake 5. There are riddles that the heroes of fairy tales often have to guess6. Cunning test tasks (Peter's task to sew a shirt from a bunch of flax and Fevronia's task to make a loom from a log) 7. Magic objects (for example, Agrikov's sword) 8. Constant epithets (“the crafty serpent”, “the wise maid”). example of human behavior Introduction - an appeal to God (praise and prayer for help) The life itself - the birth of a saint, a righteous life, death and miracles Conclusion - praise to a saint "Life" - a biography of the saints The composition of Christ "The Tale of Peter and Fevronia" is written in the form of a life Author glorifies the saints by creating ideal images. (Peter - pious, saint; Fevronia - saint, reverend, blessed). The heroes' love for God, the heroes' reverence for the Bible. The miracles that the heroes perform. Unusual death and posthumous miracles. There is a word of praise for the saints. The story uses vocabulary characteristic of spiritual literature: blessed, giving alms, the commandments of the Lord, loving children, etc. Conclusion: before us is the image of a Russian saint, created according to all the rules of this genre, starting with the story about the heroine’s youth, about her pious life , ending with the author’s appeal to God. 1. Specific locations of action are indicated: the city of Murom, Ryazan land, the village of Laskovo. This gives the story authenticity. 2. The heroes of the story are real people. The genre of the work is defined in the title: “The Tale” “...At that time she was finishing the embroidery of that holy air: only one saint’s mantle had not yet been finished, but she had already embroidered the face; and stopped, and stuck her needle in the air, and wound the thread around it, which she used to embroider...” 3. Details 4. The personality of the peasant woman comes to the fore 5. The theme of social inequality 6. The history of the boyars, eager for power, who killed each other in civil strife. A hagiographical story with elements of a folk-fairy tale nature “The life-giving power of Fevronia’s love is so great that poles stuck into the ground bloom into trees with her blessing. Crumbs of bread in her palm turn into grains of sacred incense. She is so strong in spirit that she can unravel the thoughts of the people she meets. In the strength of her love, in the wisdom, as if suggested to her by this love, Fevronia turns out to be higher than her ideal husband - Prince Peter" “Peter and Fevronia, pray to God for us!” “LOVE IS LONG-SUFFERING, HAS MERCY, LOVE DOES NOT ENVY, LOVE IS NOT PRESENTED, IS NOT PROUD, IS NOT INVESTIGENT, DOES NOT SEEK ITS OWN, IS NOT IRRITATED, DOES NOT THINK EVIL” (1COR. 13, 4.5) IT IS THIS LOVE THAT HELPED Fevronia to overcome class obstacles and those caused by they alienate Peter, and Peter, in turn, for the sake of his beloved, renounce the princely throne. For us, people of the 21st century, the memory of the great love of a man and woman from the distant 13th century is very important! July 8 - Orthodox day of lovers The relics of Fevronia and Peter of Murom rest in the Murom Holy Trinity Convent. Thousands of people come here to venerate their relics and pray.