10 folk tales. Russian folk tales - the wisdom of a great people

The love of literature begins with a fairy tale familiar from childhood. At the same time, it is very important to help your child choose the right piece, which may become one of his favorites. The best fairy tales for children before school age read in the selection posted on the page of our website.

A preschooler's game and the role of fairy tales in it

There is always a place for play and fairy tales in a child’s life. In preschool age, these concepts are especially closely intertwined due to story games - the most important stage child development. We read fairy tales to children, and their plots are reflected in children's games.

At approximately four years of age, the child becomes interested in staging mini-performances in which his toys act as actors. Later, he learns to try on different roles for himself and his friends, turning alternately into a brave warrior or an unfortunate stepdaughter, or into a ferocious tiger or a cunning fox.

Enrich this fairy world Fairy tales for children, offered to your attention free of charge on this service, will help expand the boundaries of a child’s creative capabilities.

What fairy tales should preschoolers read?

The choice of fairy tale for children 4 years old and older largely depends on the interests and preferences of the child himself. However, parents can gently guide these interests by offering the baby the most best works, which became bestsellers.

Russians folk tales introduce the baby to national traditions and features of life native people. Copyright - contribute to the development of imagination and creative thinking.

Why are illustrations needed?

The main feature of children's attention is its involuntariness. It is difficult for a child to keep his attention on one object for a long time, even if it's a book with an interesting fairy tale. Use only your hearing in this case not enough. In order for the child to remain focused, it is important to connect other types of perception - visual (pictures), and in some cases tactile (toy books, puzzle books, etc.).

When it comes to fairy tales for children 5 years old online, it is even more difficult to perceive the text on the monitor of an electronic device.

That is why on our website special attention is paid to drawings for children's books, and in this section you will find exceptionally high-quality illustrations.

Getting ready to read on your own

Listening to fairy tales is excellent preparation for independent reading. By instilling a love of books, you awaken in your child the desire to learn to read on his own.

When he is old enough to read independently, they will come to your aid short tales for children 6 years old, specially printed in large print.

Until this time, the little reader can enjoy the fascinating stories and colorful pictures of the books posted on our page.

Popular children's authors on our website

We have prepared for preschool children a selection of books by the best children's authors who have earned recognition among many generations of children.

Here you will find simple cautionary tales M. Plyatskovsky and G. Tsyferov, deep lyrical works by G.Kh. Andersen, the fantastic adventure of the heroes J. Rodari and D. Bisset.

The little reader will certainly find a fairy tale to his liking, which means he will take the first step into amazing world Literatures. Welcome!

Russian folk tale "Teremok"

There is a teremok-teremok in the field.

He is not short, not high, not high.

A small mouse runs past. She saw the tower, stopped and asked:

- Who, who lives in the little house?

Who, who lives in a low place?

Nobody responds.

The mouse entered the little mansion and began to live in it.

A frog-frog galloped up to the mansion and asked:

- I, little mouse! And who are you?

- And I'm a frog.

- Come live with me!

The frog jumped into the tower. The two of them began to live together.

A runaway bunny runs past. He stopped and asked:

- Who, who lives in the little house? Who, who lives in a low place?

- I, little mouse!

- I, frog-frog. And who are you?

- And I’m a runaway bunny.

- Come live with us!

The hare hops into the tower! The three of them began to live together.

The little fox-sister is coming. She knocked on the window and asked:

- Who, who lives in the little house?

Who, who lives in a low place?

- I, little mouse.

- I, the frog-croak.

- Me, the runaway bunny. And who are you?

- And I am a fox-sister.

- Come live with us!

The fox climbed into the mansion. The four of them began to live together.

A top came running - a gray barrel, looked at the door and asked:

- Who, who lives in the little house?

Who, who lives in a low place?

- I, little mouse.

- I, the frog-croak.

- Me, the runaway bunny.

- Me, little fox-sister. And who are you?

- And I am a top - a gray barrel.

- Come live with us!

The wolf climbed into the mansion. The five of them began to live together.

Here they are all living in a little house, singing songs.

Suddenly a clubfoot bear walks past. The bear saw the tower, heard the songs, stopped and roared at the top of his lungs:

- Who, who lives in the little house?

Who, who lives in a low place?

- I, little mouse.

- I, the frog-croak.

- Me, the runaway bunny.

- Me, little fox-sister.

- I, the top - the gray barrel. And who are you?

- And I’m a clumsy bear.

- Come live with us!

The bear climbed into the tower.

He climbed and climbed and climbed and climbed - he just couldn’t get in and said:

“I’d rather live on your roof.”

- Yes, you will crush us!

- No, I won’t crush you.

- Well, climb up! The bear climbed onto the roof.

Just sat down - fuck! - crushed the tower. The tower crackled, fell on its side and completely fell apart.

We barely managed to jump out of it:

little mouse,

frog frog,

runaway bunny,

fox-sister,

top - gray barrel, all safe and sound.

They began to carry logs, saw boards, and build a new mansion. They built it better than before!

Russian folk tale "Kolobok"

Once upon a time there lived an old man and an old woman. So the old man asks:

- Bake me a bun for me, old lady.

- What should I bake it from? There is no flour.

- Eh, old woman! Mark the barn, scratch the branches - and you'll get it.

The old woman did just that: she swept it out, scraped two handfuls of flour, kneaded the dough with sour cream, rolled it into a bun, fried it in oil and put it on the window to dry.

The bun got tired of lying: he rolled from the window to the bench, from the bench to the floor - and to the door, jumping over the threshold into the hallway, from the hallway to the porch, from the porch to the yard, and then through the gate, further and further.

The bun is rolling along the road, and a hare meets it:

- No, don’t eat me, scythe, but rather listen to what song I’ll sing for you.

The hare raised his ears, and the bun sang:

- I am a bun, a bun!

Swept across the barn,

Scraped by the bones,

Mixed with sour cream,

Put in the oven,

It's cold at the window,

I left my grandfather

I left my grandmother

From you, hare,

It's not smart to leave.

The bun is rolling along a path in the forest, and towards it Gray wolf:

- Kolobok, Kolobok! I will eat you!

“Don’t eat me, gray wolf, I’ll sing you a song.”

And the bun sang:

- I am a bun, a bun!

Swept across the barn,

Scraped by the bones,

Mixed with sour cream,

Put in the oven,

It's cold at the window,

I left my grandfather

I left my grandmother

I left the hare.

From you, wolf,

The bun is rolling through the forest, and a bear comes towards it, breaking brushwood, bending bushes to the ground.

- Kolobok, Kolobok, I will eat you!

- Well, where can you, clubfoot, eat me! Better listen to my song.

The gingerbread man began to sing, but Misha and his ears were barely able to sing.

- I am a bun, a bun!

Swept across the barn,

Scraped by the bones,

Mixed with sour cream.

Put in the oven,

It's cold at the window,

I left my grandfather

I left my grandmother

I left the hare

I left the wolf

From you, bear,

Half-heartedly to leave.

And the bun rolled - the bear just looked after it.

The bun is rolling, and the fox meets it: “Hello, bun!” How handsome and rosy you are!

Kolobok is glad that he was praised and sang his song, and the fox listens and creeps closer and closer.

- I am a bun, a bun!

Swept across the barn,

Scraped by the bones,

Mixed with sour cream.

Put in the oven,

It's cold at the window,

I left my grandfather

I left my grandmother

I left the hare

I left the wolf

Left the bear

From you, fox,

It's not smart to leave.

- Nice song! - said the fox. “The trouble is, my dear, that I’ve become old—I can’t hear well.” Sit on my face and sing it one more time.

Kolobok was delighted that his song was praised, jumped on the fox’s face and sang:

- I am a bun, a bun!..

And his fox - ah! - and ate it.

Russian folk tale "Three Bears"

One girl left home for the forest. She got lost in the forest and began to look for the way home, but didn’t find it, but came to a house in the forest.

The door was open: she looked through the door, saw that there was no one in the house, and entered.

Three bears lived in this house.

One bear had a father, his name was Mikhail Ivanovich. He was big and shaggy.

The other was a bear. She was smaller, and her name was Nastasya Petrovna.

The third was a little bear cub, and his name was Mishutka. The bears were not at home, they went for a walk in the forest.

There were two rooms in the house: one was a dining room, the other was a bedroom. The girl entered the dining room and saw three cups of stew on the table. The first cup, very large, was Mikhail Ivanychev's. The second cup, smaller, was Nastasya Petrovnina’s; the third, blue cup was Mishutkina.

Next to each cup lay a spoon: large, medium and small. The girl took the most big spoon and sipped from the largest cup; then she took the middle spoon and sipped from the middle cup; then she took a small spoon and sipped from a blue cup, and Mishutka’s stew seemed to her the best.

The girl wanted to sit down and saw three chairs at the table: one large - Mikhaily Ivanychev, another smaller - Nastasya Petrovnin and the third small, with a blue cushion - Mishutkin. She climbed onto a large chair and fell; then she sat down on the middle chair - it was awkward; then she sat down on a small chair and laughed - it was so good. She took the blue cup onto her lap and began to eat. She ate all the stew and began to rock on her chair.

The chair broke and she fell to the floor. She got up, picked up the chair and went to another room.

There were three beds there; one large - Mikhaily Ivanycheva, the other medium - Nastasya Petrovna, and the third small - Mishutkina. The girl lay down in the big one - it was too spacious for her; I lay down in the middle - it was too high; She lay down in the small bed - the bed was just right for her, and she fell asleep.

And the bears came home hungry and wanted to have dinner.

The big bear took his cup, looked and roared in a terrible voice: “Who drank in my cup?” Nastasya Petrovna looked at her cup and growled not so loudly:

- Who drank in my cup?

And Mishutka saw his empty cup and squeaked in a thin voice:

- Who sipped in my cup and sipped everything you did?

Mikhailo Ivanovich looked at his chair and growled in a terrible voice:

Nastasya Petrovna looked at her chair and growled not so loudly:

- Who was sitting on my chair and moved it from its place?

Mishutka saw his chair and squeaked:

—Who sat on my chair and broke it?

The bears came to another room.

“Who lay in my bed and rumpled it?” - Mikhailo Ivanovich roared in a terrible voice.

“Who lay in my bed and rumpled it?” - Nastasya Petrovna growled not so loudly.

And Mishenka set up a little bench, climbed into his crib and squealed in a thin voice:

-Who went to my bed?..

And suddenly he saw the girl and screamed as if he was being cut:

- Here she is! Hold it! Hold it! Here she is! Ay-yay! Hold it!

He wanted to bite her. The girl opened her eyes, saw the bears and rushed to the window. The window was open, she jumped out the window and ran away. And the bears did not catch up with her.

Russian folk tale "Zayushkina's hut"

Once upon a time there lived a fox and a hare. The fox has an ice hut, and the hare has a bast hut. Here the fox teases the hare:

- My hut is light, and yours is dark! I have a light one, and you have a dark one!

Summer has come, the fox's hut has melted.

The fox asks the hare:

- Let me go, little darling, to your yard!

- No, fox, I won’t let you in: why were you teasing?

The fox began to beg even more. The hare let her into his yard.

The next day the fox asks again:

- Let me, little bunny, onto the porch.

The fox begged and begged, the hare agreed and let the fox onto the porch.

On the third day the fox asks again:

- Let me into the hut, little bunny.

- No, I won’t let you in: why were you teasing?

She begged and begged, the hare let her into the hut. The fox is sitting on the bench, and the bunny is sitting on the stove.

On the fourth day the fox again asks:

- Bunny, bunny, let me come to your stove!

- No, I won’t let you in: why were you teasing?

The fox begged and begged and begged for it - the hare let her go onto the stove.

A day passed, then another - the fox began to chase the hare out of the hut:

- Get out, scythe. I don't want to live with you!

So she kicked me out.

The hare sits and cries, grieves, wiping away his tears with his paws.

Dogs running past:

- Bang, bang, bang! What are you crying about, little bunny?

- How can I not cry? I had a bast hut, and the fox had an ice hut. Spring has come, the fox's hut has melted. The fox asked to come to me and drove me out.

“Don’t cry, bunny,” the dogs say. “We’ll kick her out.”

- No, don’t kick me out!

- No, we'll kick you out! We approached the hut:

- Bang, bang, bang! Get out, fox! And she told them from the stove:

- As soon as I jump out,

How will I jump out?

There will be shreds

Through the back streets!

The dogs got scared and ran away.

The bunny sits again and cries.

A wolf walks by:

-What are you crying about, little bunny?

- How can I not cry, gray wolf? I had a bast hut, and the fox had an ice hut. Spring has come, the fox's hut has melted. The fox asked to come to me and drove me out.

“Don’t cry, bunny,” says the wolf, “I’ll kick her out.”

- No, you won’t kick me out. They chased the dogs, but they didn’t drive them out, and you won’t drive them out.

- No, I'll kick you out.

- Uyyy... Uyyy... Get out, fox!

And she from the stove:

- As soon as I jump out,

How will I jump out?

There will be shreds

Through the back streets!

The wolf got scared and ran away.

Here the hare sits and cries again.

An old bear is coming.

-What are you crying about, little bunny?

- How can I, little bear, not cry? I had a bast hut, and the fox had an ice hut. Spring has come, the fox's hut has melted. The fox asked to come to me and drove me out.

“Don’t cry, bunny,” says the bear, “I’ll kick her out.”

- No, you won’t kick me out. The dogs chased and chased but did not drive him out, the gray wolf chased and chased him but did not drive him out. And you won't get kicked out.

- No, I'll kick you out.

The bear went to the hut and growled:

- Rrrrr... rrr... Get out, fox!

And she from the stove:

- As soon as I jump out,

How will I jump out?

There will be shreds

Through the back streets!

The bear got scared and left.

The hare sits again and cries.

A rooster is walking, carrying a scythe.

- Ku-ka-re-ku! Bunny, why are you crying?

- How can I, Petenka, not cry? I had a bast hut, and the fox had an ice hut. Spring has come, the fox's hut has melted. The fox asked to come to me and drove me out.

- Don’t worry, little bunny, I’ll chase the fox for you.

- No, you won’t kick me out. They chased the dogs but didn’t drive them out, the gray wolf chased them but didn’t drive them out, the old bear chased them and didn’t drive them out. And you won’t even be kicked out.

- No, I'll kick you out.

The rooster went to the hut:

- Ku-ka-re-ku!

I'm on my feet

In red boots

I carry a scythe on my shoulders:

I want to whip the fox

Get out of the oven, fox!

The fox heard it, got scared and said:

- I'm getting dressed...

Rooster again:

- Ku-ka-re-ku!

I'm on my feet

In red boots

I carry a scythe on my shoulders:

I want to whip the fox

Get out of the oven, fox!

And the fox says:

- I’m putting on a fur coat...

Rooster for the third time:

- Ku-ka-re-ku!

I'm on my feet

In red boots

I carry a scythe on my shoulders:

I want to whip the fox

Get out of the oven, fox!

The fox got scared, jumped off the stove and ran.

And the bunny and the rooster began to live and live.

Russian folk tale "Masha and the Bear"

Once upon a time there lived a grandfather and a grandmother. They had a granddaughter Mashenka.

Once the girlfriends got together in the forest to pick mushrooms and berries. They came to invite Mashenka with them.

“Grandfather, grandmother,” says Mashenka, “let me go into the forest with my friends!”

Grandfather and grandmother answer:

“Go, just make sure you don’t lag behind your friends, otherwise you’ll get lost.”

The girls came to the forest and began picking mushrooms and berries. Here Mashenka - tree by tree, bush by bush - and went far, far away from her friends.

She started calling around and calling them. But my girlfriends don’t hear, they don’t respond.

Mashenka walked and walked through the forest - she got completely lost.

She came to the very wilderness, to the very thicket. He sees a hut standing there. Mashenka knocked on the door - no answer. She pushed the door, the door opened.

Mashenka entered the hut and sat down on a bench by the window. She sat down and thought:

“Who lives here? Why is no one visible?..”

And in that hut there lived a huge honey. Only he wasn’t at home then: he was walking through the forest. The bear returned in the evening, saw Mashenka, and was delighted.

“Yeah,” he says, “now I won’t let you go!” You will live with me. You will light the stove, you will cook porridge, you will feed me porridge.

Masha pushed, grieved, but nothing could be done. She began to live with the bear in the hut.

The bear goes into the forest for the whole day, and Mashenka is told not to leave the hut without him.

“And if you leave,” he says, “I’ll catch you anyway and then I’ll eat you!”

Mashenka began to think about how she could escape from the leading honey. There are forests all around, he doesn’t know which way to go, there’s no one to ask...

She thought and thought and came up with an idea.

One day a bear comes from the forest, and Mashenka says to him:

“Bear, bear, let me go to the village for a day: I’ll bring gifts for grandma and grandpa.”

“No,” says the bear, “you will get lost in the forest.” Give me some gifts, I'll take them myself!

And that’s exactly what Mashenka needs!

She baked pies, took out a big, big box and said to the bear:

“Here, look: I’ll put the pies in this box, and you take them to grandpa and grandma.” Yes, remember: don’t open the box on the way, don’t take out the pies. I’ll climb up the oak tree and keep an eye on you!

“Okay,” the bear answers, “give me the box!”

Mashenka says:

- Go out onto the porch and see if it’s raining!

As soon as the bear came out onto the porch, Mashenka immediately climbed into the box and placed a dish of pies on her head.

The bear returned and saw that the box was ready. He put him on his back and went to the village.

A bear walks between fir trees, a bear wanders between birch trees, goes down into ravines, and up hills. He walked and walked, got tired and said:

And Mashenka from the box:

- See see!

Bring it to grandma, bring it to grandpa!

“Look, she’s so big-eyed,” says honey, “she sees everything!”

- I’ll sit on a tree stump and eat a pie!

And Mashenka from the box again:

- See see!

Don't sit on the tree stump, don't eat the pie!

Bring it to grandma, bring it to grandpa!

The bear was surprised.

- How cunning she is! He sits high and looks far away!

He got up and walked quickly.

I came to the village, found the house where my grandfather and grandmother lived, and let’s knock on the gate with all our might:

- Knock-Knock! Unlock, open! I brought you some gifts from Mashenka.

And the dogs sensed the bear and rushed at him. They run and bark from all the yards.

The bear got scared, put the box at the gate and ran into the forest without looking back.

- What's in the box? - says the grandmother.

And grandfather lifted the lid, looked and couldn’t believe his eyes: Mashenka was sitting in the box, alive and healthy.

Grandfather and grandmother were delighted. They began to hug Mashenka, kiss her, and call her smart.

Russian folk tale "The Wolf and the Little Goats"

Once upon a time there lived a goat with kids. The goat went into the forest to eat silk grass and drink cold water. As soon as he leaves, the kids will lock the hut and won’t go out.

The goat comes back, knocks on the door and sings:

- Little goats, guys!

Open up, open up!

Milk runs along the tray.

From the notch up to the hoof,

From the hoof into the cheese of the earth!

The little goats will unlock the door and let their mother in. She will feed them, give them something to drink and go back into the forest, and the kids will lock themselves up tightly.

The wolf overheard the goat singing.

Once the goat left, the wolf ran to the hut and shouted in a thick voice:

- You, kids!

You little goats!

Lean back,

Open up

Your mother has come,

I brought milk.

The hooves are full of water!

The kids answer him:

The wolf has nothing to do. He went to the forge and ordered his throat to be reforged so that he could sing in a thin voice. The blacksmith reforged his throat. The wolf again ran to the hut and hid behind a bush.

Here comes the goat and knocks:

- Little goats, guys!

Open up, open up!

Your mother came and brought milk;

Milk runs down the drain,

From the notch up to the hoof,

From the hoof into the cheese of the earth!

The kids let their mother in and let us tell you how the wolf came and wanted to eat them.

The goat fed and watered the kids and strictly punished them:

“Whoever comes to the hut and asks in a thick voice so that he doesn’t go through everything that I’m chanting to you, don’t open the door, don’t let anyone in.”

As soon as the goat left, the wolf again walked towards the hut, knocked and began to lament in a thin voice:

- Little goats, guys!

Open up, open up!

Your mother came and brought milk;

Milk runs down the drain,

From the notch up to the hoof,

From the hoof into the cheese of the earth!

The kids opened the door, the wolf rushed into the hut and ate all the kids. Only one little goat was buried in the stove.

The goat comes. No matter how much she calls or laments, no one answers her. He sees that the door is open. I ran into the hut - there was no one there. I looked into the oven and found one little goat.

When the goat found out about her misfortune, she sat down on a bench and began to grieve and cry bitterly:

- Oh, my children, little goats!

To which they opened and opened,

Did you get it from the bad wolf?

The wolf heard this, entered the hut and said to the goat:

- Why are you sinning against me, godfather? I didn't eat your kids. Stop grieving, let's go into the forest and take a walk.

They went into the forest, and in the forest there was a hole, and in the hole a fire was burning.

The goat says to the wolf:

- Come on, wolf, let's try, who will jump over the hole?

They began to jump. The goat jumped over, and the wolf jumped and fell into a hot pit.

His belly burst from the fire, the kids jumped out of there, all alive, yes - jump to their mother!

And they began to live and live as before.

Russian folk tale "Geese and Swans"

Once upon a time there lived a husband and wife. They had a daughter, Mashenka, and a son, Vanyushka.

Once father and mother gathered in the city and said to Masha:

- Well, daughter, be smart: don’t go anywhere, take care of your brother. And we will bring you some gifts from the market.

So the father and mother left, and Masha sat her brother down on the grass under the window and ran outside to her friends.

Suddenly, out of nowhere, swan geese swooped in, picked up Vanyushka, put him on his wings and carried him away.

Masha returned, lo and behold, her brother was gone! She gasped, rushed here and there - Vanyushka was nowhere to be seen. She called and called, but her brother did not respond. Masha began to cry, but tears cannot help her grief. It’s her own fault, she must find her brother herself.

Masha ran out into the open field and looked around. He sees geese-swans darting in the distance and disappearing behind the dark forest.

Masha guessed that it was the swan geese that carried away her brother and rushed to catch up with them.

She ran and ran and saw a stove standing in the field. Masha to her:

- Stove, stove, tell me, where did the geese-swans fly?

“Throw some wood at me,” says the stove, “then I’ll tell you!”

Masha quickly chopped some firewood and threw it into the stove.

The stove told me which way to run.

He sees an apple tree, all hung with ruddy apples, its branches bent down to the ground. Masha to her:

- Apple tree, apple tree, tell me, where did the geese-swans fly?

- Shake my apples, otherwise all the branches are bent - it’s hard to stand!

Masha shook the apples, the apple tree raised its branches, and straightened its leaves. Masha showed the way.

- The Milk River - the banks of jelly, where did the swan geese fly?

“A stone fell into me,” the river answers, “it prevents the milk from flowing further.” Move it to the side - then I'll tell you where Swan geese flew.

Masha broke off a large branch and moved the stone. The river began to gurgle and told Masha where to run, where to look for geese and swans.

Masha ran and ran and came running to a dense forest. She stood at the edge of the forest and doesn’t know where to go now, what to do. He looks and sees a hedgehog sitting under a tree stump.

“Hedgehog, hedgehog,” asks Masha, “have you seen where the geese and swans are flying?”

Hedgehog says:

- Wherever I swing, there you go too!

He curled up into a ball and rolled between the fir trees and birches. It rolled and rolled and rolled towards the hut on chicken legs.

Masha looks - Baba Yaga is sitting in that hut, spinning yarn. And Vanyushka is playing with golden apples near the porch.

Masha quietly crept up to the hut, grabbed her brother and ran home.

A little later, Baba Yaga looked out the window: the boy was gone! She called to the geese and swans:

- Hurry, geese-swans, fly in pursuit!

The swan geese took off, screamed, and flew.

And Masha runs, carrying her brother, but can’t feel her feet under her. I looked back and saw geese and swans... What should I do? She ran to the milk river - the banks of jelly. And the geese-swans scream, flapping their wings, catching up with her...

“River, river,” Masha asks, “hide us!”

The river planted her and her brother under a steep bank and hid her from the swan geese.

The geese-swans did not see Masha, they flew past.

Masha came out from under the steep bank, thanked the river and ran again.

And the swan geese saw her - they returned and flew towards her. Masha ran up to the apple tree:

- Apple tree, apple tree, hide me!

The apple tree covered it with branches and covered it with leaves. The geese-swans circled and circled, did not find Masha and Vanyushka and flew past.

Masha came out from under the apple tree, thanked her and started running again!

She runs, carrying her brother, and it’s not far from home... Yes, unfortunately, the geese-swans saw her again - and well, after her! They cackle, fly, flap their wings right over their heads - and just look, Vanyushka will be torn out of his hands... It’s good that the stove is nearby. Masha to her:

- Stove, stove, hide me!

The stove hid it and closed it with a damper. The swan geese flew up to the stove, let’s open the damper, but that didn’t happen. They stuck their heads into the chimney, but didn’t get into the stove; they only smeared their wings with soot.

They circled, circled, shouted, shouted, and came up empty-handed, and returned to Baba Yaga...

And Masha and her brother crawled out of the stove and set off home at full speed. She ran home, washed her brother, combed his hair, sat him down on a bench, and sat down next to him.

Soon the father and mother returned from the city and brought gifts.

Saying

The owl was flying -

Cheerful head;

So she flew, flew and sat down;

She twirled her tail

Yes, I looked around...

This is a saying. What about a fairy tale?

The whole fairy tale is ahead.

Russian folk tale "The Golden Egg"

There lived a grandfather and a woman,

And they had Ryaba chicken.

The hen laid an egg:

The egg is not simple, golden.

Grandfather beat, beat -

Didn't break it;

Baba beat, beat -

Didn't break it.

The mouse ran

She waved her tail -

The egg fell

And it crashed.

Grandfather and woman are crying;

The hen clucks:

- Don't cry, grandfather, don't cry, woman.

I'll lay another egg for you,

Not golden, simple.

Russian folk tale "Turnip"

Grandfather planted a turnip and the turnip grew big and big. The grandfather began to pull the turnip out of the ground: he pulled and pulled, but could not pull it out.

The grandfather called the grandmother for help. Grandma for grandfather, grandfather for turnip: they pull and pull, but they can’t pull it out.

The grandmother called her granddaughter. The granddaughter for the grandmother, the grandmother for the grandfather, the grandfather for the turnip: they pull and pull, but they cannot pull it out.

The granddaughter called to Zhuchka. A bug for a granddaughter, a granddaughter for a grandmother, a grandmother for a grandfather, a grandfather for a turnip: they pull and pull, but they can’t pull it out.

The bug called the cat Masha. Masha for the Bug, Zhuchka for the granddaughter, granddaughter for the grandmother, grandmother for the grandfather, grandfather for the turnip: they pull and pull, but they can’t pull it out.

The cat Masha clicked the mouse. Mouse for Masha, Masha for Bug, Bug for granddaughter, granddaughter for grandmother, grandmother for grandfather, grandfather for turnip: pull and pull - they pulled out the turnip!

Russian folk tale "Kolobok"

Once upon a time there lived an old man and an old woman.

So the old man asks:

- Bake me a bun for me, old lady.

- What should I bake it from? There is no flour.

- Eh, old woman, sweep the barn, scratch the knots - you’ll get enough.

The old woman did just that: she swept, scraped together two handfuls of flour, kneaded the dough with sour cream, rolled it into a bun, fried it in oil and laid it on the window to dry.

The little bun got tired of lying, he rolled from the window to the bench, from the bench to the floor and to the door, jumping over the threshold into the entryway, from the entryway to the porch, from the porch to the yard, and then beyond the gate further and further.

The bun is rolling along the road, and a hare meets it:

- No, don’t eat me, scythe, but rather listen to what song I’ll sing for you.

The hare raised his ears, and the bun sang:

I am a bun, a bun!

It's sweeping through the barn,

Scratching the knots,

Mixed with sour cream,

Sat in the oven,

It's cold at the window.

I left my grandfather

I left my grandmother

It’s not smart to get away from you, hare.

A bun rolls along a path in the forest, and a gray wolf meets him:

- Kolobok, Kolobok! I will eat you!

“Don’t eat me, gray wolf: I’ll sing you a song.”

And the bun sang:

I am a bun, a bun!

It's sweeping through the barn,

Scratching the knots,

Mixed with sour cream,

Sat in the oven,

It's cold at the window.

I left my grandfather

I left my grandmother

I left the hare

It’s not smart to get away from you, wolf.

The bun is rolling through the forest, and a bear comes towards it, breaking brushwood, bending bushes to the ground.

- Kolobok, Kolobok, I will eat you!

- Well, where can you, clubfoot, eat me! Better listen to my song.

The gingerbread man began to sing, and Misha's ears perked up.

I am a bun, a bun!

It's sweeping through the barn,

Scratching the knots,

Mixed with sour cream,

Sat in the oven,

It's cold at the window..

I left my grandfather

I left my grandmother

I left the hare

I left the wolf

It would be a pain to leave you, bear.

And the bun rolled - the bear just looked after it.

The bun rolls, and a fox meets it:

- Hello, bun! How handsome and rosy you are!

Kolobok is glad that he was praised and began to sing his song, and the fox listens and creeps closer and closer.

I am a bun, a bun!

It's sweeping through the barn,

Scratching the knots,

Mixed with sour cream,

Sat in the oven,

It's cold at the window.

I left my grandfather

I left my grandmother

I left the hare

I left the wolf

Left the bear

It’s not smart to get away from you, fox.

- Nice song! - said the fox. “The trouble is, my dear, that I’ve become old and can’t hear well.” Sit on my face and sing it one more time.

Kolobok was delighted that his song was praised, jumped on the fox’s face and sang:

I am a bun, a bun!..

And his fox is a racket! - and ate it.

Russian folk tale "The Cockerel and the Bean Seed"

Once upon a time there lived a cockerel and a hen. The cockerel was in a hurry, still in a hurry, and the hen kept saying to herself:

- Petya, don’t rush, Petya, don’t rush.

Once a cockerel pecked bean seeds in a hurry and choked. He's choking, can't breathe, can't hear, as if he's lying dead.

The chicken got scared, rushed to the owner, shouting:

- Oh, hostess, hurry up and lubricate the cockerel’s neck with butter: the cockerel choked on a bean seed.

The hostess says:

“Run quickly to the cow, ask her for milk, and I’ll whip up some butter.”

The chicken rushed to the cow:

“Cow, my dear, give me some milk quickly, the hostess will make butter out of the milk, I’ll lubricate the cockerel’s neck with butter: the cockerel choked on a bean seed.”

“Go quickly to the owner, let him bring me some fresh grass.”

The chicken runs to its owner:

- Master! Master! Quickly give the cow some fresh grass, the cow will give milk, the hostess will make butter from the milk, I will lubricate the cockerel’s neck with butter: the cockerel choked on a bean seed.

- Run quickly to the blacksmith for a scythe.

The chicken ran as fast as she could to the blacksmith:

- Blacksmith, blacksmith, give it to the owner quickly good braid. The owner will give the cow grass, the cow will give milk, the hostess will give me butter, I will lubricate the cockerel’s neck: the cockerel choked on a bean seed.

The blacksmith gave the owner a new scythe, the owner gave the cow fresh grass, the cow gave milk, the hostess churned butter, and gave butter to the chicken.

The chicken greased the neck of the cockerel. The bean seed slipped through. The cockerel jumped up and shouted at the top of his lungs:

“Ku-ka-re-ku!”

Russian folk tale "The Little Goats and the Wolf"

Once upon a time there lived a goat. The goat made herself a hut in the forest. Every day the goat went to the forest for food. She herself will leave, and tells the children to lock themselves tightly and not open the doors to anyone.

The goat returns home, knocks on the door with its horns and sings:

- Little goats, little kids,

Open up, open up!

Your mother has come,

I brought milk.

I, a goat, was in the forest,

I ate silk grass,

I drank cold water;

Milk runs down the shelf,

From the markings to the hooves,

And from the hooves there is dirt in the cheese.

The little goats will hear their mother and open the door for her. She will feed them and go off to graze again.

The wolf overheard the goat and, when she left, went up to the door of the hut and sang in a thick, very fat voice:

- You, children, you, fathers,

Open up, open up!

Your mother has come,

Brought milk...

The hooves are full of water!

The little goats listened to the wolf and said:

And they did not open the door to the wolf. The wolf left unsalted.

The mother came and praised the children for listening to her:

“You are smart, kids, for not opening the door to the wolf, otherwise he would have eaten you.”

Russian folk tale "Teremok"

There was a tower in the field. A fly flew in and knocked:

Nobody responds. A fly fly flew in and began to live in it.

A jumping flea galloped up:

- Terem-teremok! Who lives in the mansion?

- I, a grief fly. And who are you?

- And I’m a jumping flea.

- Come live with me.

The jumping flea jumped into the little house, and they began to live together.

A squeaking mosquito has arrived:

- Terem-teremok! Who lives in the mansion?

- I, a burning fly, and a jumping flea. And who are you?

- And I am a squeaking mosquito.

- Come live with us.

The three of them began to live together.

A little mouse came running:

- Terem-teremok! Who lives in the mansion?

- I, a burning fly, a jumping flea and a squeaking mosquito. And who are you?

- And I’m a little mouse.

- Come live with us.

The four of them began to live.

The frog-frog jumped up:

- Terem-teremok! Who lives in the mansion?

- I, a burning fly, a jumping flea, a squeaking mosquito and a little mouse. And who are you?

- And I'm a frog.

- Come live with us.

Five began to live.

The stray bunny galloped up:

- Terem-teremok! Who lives in the mansion?

- I, a fly-fly, a flea-hopper, a mosquito-squeaker, a mouse-hole, a frog-frog. And who are you?

- And I’m a stray bunny.

- Come live with us.

There were six of them.

The little fox-sister came running:

- Terem-teremok! Who lives in the mansion?

- I, a fly-fly, a flea-hopper, a mosquito-squeaker, a mouse-hole, a frog-frog and a stray bunny. And who are you?

- And I am a fox-sister.

There were seven of them living.

A gray wolf came to the mansion - grabbing from behind the bushes.

- Terem-teremok! Who lives in the mansion?

- I, a fly-fly, a flea-hopper, a mosquito-squeaker, a mouse-hole, a frog-frog, a rogue bunny and a little fox-sister. And who are you?

“And I’m a gray wolf, grasping from behind the bushes.”

They began to live and live.

A bear came to the mansion and knocked:

- Terem-teremok! Who lives in the mansion?

“I, a fly-fly, a flea-hopper, a mosquito-squeaker, a mouse-hole, a frog-frog, a stray bunny, a little fox-sister, and a wolf—grabbing from behind the bushes.” And who are you?

- And I’m a bear - you crush everyone. If I lie down on the tower, I’ll crush everyone!

They got scared and everyone ran away from the mansion!

And the bear hit the tower with its paw and broke it.

Russian folk tale “The Cockerel is the Golden Comb”

Once upon a time there was a cat, a thrush and a cockerel - a golden comb. They lived in the forest, in a hut. The cat and the blackbird go into the forest to chop wood, and leave the cockerel alone.

If they leave, they are severely punished:

“We’ll go far, but you stay to be a housekeeper, and don’t raise your voice; when the fox comes, don’t look out the window.”

The fox found out that the cat and thrush were not at home, ran to the hut, sat under the window and sang:

Cockerel, cockerel,

golden comb,

Butterhead,

Silk beard,

Look out the window

I'll give you some peas.

The cockerel put his head out the window. The fox grabbed him in her claws and carried him to her hole.

The cockerel crowed:

The fox is carrying me

For the dark forests,

Behind fast rivers,

For the high mountains...

Cat and blackbird, save me!..

The cat and the blackbird heard it, gave chase and took the cockerel from the fox.

Another time, the cat and the blackbird went into the forest to chop wood and again punished:

- Well, now, rooster, don’t look out the window! We will go even further, we will not hear your voice.

They left, and the fox again ran to the hut and sang:

Cockerel, cockerel,

golden comb,

Butterhead,

Silk beard,

Look out the window

I'll give you some peas.

The boys were running

The wheat was scattered

The chickens are pecking

Roosters are not given...

- Ko-ko-ko! How can they not give it?!

The fox grabbed him in her claws and carried him to her hole.

The cockerel crowed:

The fox is carrying me

For the dark forests,

For fast rivers,

For the high mountains...

Cat and blackbird, save me!..

The cat and the blackbird heard it and rushed in pursuit. The cat is running, the blackbird is flying... They caught up with the fox - the cat is fighting, the blackbird is pecking, and the cockerel is taken away.

Whether long or short, the cat and the blackbird gathered again in the forest to chop wood. When leaving, they strictly punished the cockerel:

- Don't listen to the fox, don't look out the window! We will go even further, we will not hear your voice.

And the cat and the blackbird went far into the forest to chop wood. And the fox is right there - he sat under the window and sings:

Cockerel, cockerel,

golden comb,

Butterhead,

Silk beard,

Look out the window

I'll give you some peas.

The cockerel sits and says nothing. And the fox again:

The boys were running

The wheat was scattered

The chickens are pecking

Roosters are not given...

The cockerel keeps silent. And the fox again:

People were running

Nuts were poured

The chickens are pecking

Roosters are not given...

The cockerel put his head out the window:

- Ko-ko-ko! How can they not give it?!

The fox grabbed him in her claws and carried him into her hole, beyond the dark forests, beyond the fast rivers, beyond the high mountains...

No matter how much the cockerel crowed or called, the cat and the blackbird did not hear him. And when we returned home, the cockerel was gone.

The cat and the blackbird ran in the Fox's footsteps. The cat is running, the thrush is flying... They ran to the fox's hole. The cat set up the caterpillars and let’s practice:

Ring, rattle, harpers,

Golden strings...

Is Lisafya-kuma still at home?

Are you in your warm nest?

The fox listened, listened and thought:

“Let me see who plays the harp so well and hums sweetly.”

She took it and crawled out of the hole. The cat and the blackbird grabbed her - and began to beat and beat her. They beat and beat her until she lost her legs.

They took the cockerel, put it in a basket and brought it home.

And from then on they began to live and be, and they still live.

Russian folk tale "Geese"

An old man lived with an old woman. They had a daughter and a little son. The old people gathered in the city and ordered their daughter:

“We’ll go, daughter, into the city, bring you a bun, buy you a handkerchief; and you be smart, take care of your brother, don’t leave the yard.

The old people left; the girl sat her brother down on the grass under the window, and she ran outside and started playing. The geese swooped in, picked up the boy and carried him away on their wings.

The girl came running, and lo and behold, there was no brother! She rushed here and there - no! The girl called, the brother called, but he didn’t respond. She ran out into an open field - a flock of geese darted in the distance and disappeared behind the dark forest. “That’s right, the geese carried away my brother!” — the girl thought and set off to catch up with the geese.

The girl ran, ran, and saw that there was a stove.

- Stove, stove, tell me, where did the geese fly?

“Eat my rye pie, I’ll tell you.”

And the girl says:

“My father doesn’t even eat wheat!”

- Apple tree, apple tree! Where did the geese fly?

“Eat my forest apple, then I’ll tell you.”

“My father doesn’t even eat garden vegetables!” - the girl said and ran on.

The girl runs and sees: a milk river is flowing - the banks of jelly.

- Milk river - jelly banks! Tell me, where did the geese fly?

- Eat my simple jelly with milk - then I’ll tell you.

- My father doesn’t even eat cream!

The girl would have had to run for a long time, but a hedgehog came across her. The girl wanted to push the hedgehog, but she was afraid of getting hurt and asked:

- Hedgehog, hedgehog, where did the geese fly?

The hedgehog showed the way to the girl. The girl ran along the road and saw a hut standing on chicken legs, standing and turning. In the hut sits a Baba Yaga, a bone leg, a clay muzzle; My brother is sitting on a bench by the window, playing with golden apples. The girl crept to the window, grabbed her brother and ran home. And Baba Yaga called the geese and sent them in pursuit of the girl.

A girl is running, and the geese are completely catching up with her. Where to go? A girl ran to a milk river with jelly banks:

- Rechenka, my dear, cover me!

- Eat my simple jelly with milk.

The girl sipped jelly with milk. Then the river hid the girl under a steep bank, and the geese flew past.

The girl ran out from under the bank and ran further, but the geese saw her and again set off in pursuit. What should a girl do? She ran to the apple tree:

- Apple tree, my dear, hide me!

“Eat my forest apple, then I’ll hide it.”

The girl has nothing to do, she ate a forest apple. The apple tree covered the girl with branches, and the geese flew past.

The girl came out from under the apple tree and started running home. She runs, and the geese see her again - and come after her! They swoop down completely, flapping their wings over their heads. The girl barely ran to the stove:

- Oven, mother, hide me!

- Eat my rye pie, then I’ll hide it.

The girl quickly ate the rye pie and climbed into the oven. The geese flew past.

The girl got out of the stove and ran home at full speed. The geese saw the girl again and again chased her. They were about to swoop in, hit him in the face with their wings, and before long they would tear my brother out of his hands, but the hut was already not far away. The girl ran into the hut, quickly slammed the doors and closed the windows. The geese circled over the hut, screamed, and then flew to Baba Yaga with nothing.

An old man and an old woman came home and saw that the boy was at home, alive and well. They gave the girl a bun and a handkerchief.

Russian folk tale "The Crow"

Once upon a time there lived a crow, and she did not live alone, but with nannies, mothers, small children, and neighbors near and far. Birds arrived from overseas, large and small, geese and swans, little birds and little birds, built nests in the mountains, in valleys, in forests, in meadows and laid eggs.

The crow noticed this and, well, offend migratory birds and steal their testicles!

An owl was flying and saw that a crow was hurting large and small birds and carrying their testicles.

“Wait,” he says, “you worthless crow, we will find justice and punishment for you!”

And he flew far away, into the stone mountains, to the gray eagle. He arrived and asked:

- Father gray eagle, give us your righteous judgment on the offender crow! From her there is no life for either the small ones or big birds: he destroys our nests, steals our cubs, steals eggs and feeds them to his crows!

The gray eagle shook his head and sent his light, smaller ambassador, a sparrow, after the crow. The sparrow fluttered up and flew after the crow. She was about to make an excuse, but all the power of the birds, all the birdies, rose up against her, and well, pluck, peck, and drive her to the eagle for judgment. There was nothing to do - she croaked and flew, and all the birds took off and rushed after her.

So they flew to the eagle’s dwelling and settled in it, and the crow stood in the middle and preened in front of the eagle, preening itself.

And the eagle began to interrogate the crow:

“They say about you, crow, that you open your mouth for other people’s goods, that you steal young and eggs from large and small birds!”

“It’s a lie, Father Gray Eagle, it’s a lie, I’m only picking up shells!”

“Another complaint about you comes to me that when a peasant comes out to sow the arable land, you rise up with all your crows and, well, peck the seeds!”

- It’s a lie, Father Gray Eagle, it’s a lie! With my girlfriends, small children, children, and household members, I only carry worms from fresh arable land!

“And people everywhere are crying at you that when they cut the bread and pile the sheaves into heaps, you will fly in with all your crows and let’s play mischief, stir up the sheaves and break the heaps!”

- It’s a lie, Father Gray Eagle, it’s a lie! We are helping for the sake of a good cause - we sort out the haystacks, we give access to the sun and the wind so that the bread does not sprouted and the grain dries out!

The eagle got angry with the old liar crow and ordered her to be locked up in a prison, in a lattice house, behind iron bolts, behind damask locks. There she sits to this day!

Russian folk tale "The Fox and the Hare"

Once upon a time there lived a gray Bunny in a field, and there lived a little sister Fox.

That's how the frosts started, the Bunny began to shed, and when the cold winter came, with blizzards and snowdrifts, the Bunny completely turned white from the cold, and he decided to build himself a hut: he trained the little ones and let's fence the hut. The Fox saw this and said:

- What are you doing, little one?

“You see, I’m building a hut because of the cold.”

“Look, what a quick-witted one,” I thought.

Fox, - let me build a hut - but not a popular house, but chambers, a crystal Palace!

So she began to carry ice and lay the hut.

Both huts ripened at once, and our animals began to live in their own homes.

Liska looks through the icy window and chuckles at the Bunny: “Look, black-footed man, what a shack he’s built! It’s my business: it’s both pure and bright - just like a crystal palace!”

Everything was fine for the fox in winter, but when spring came and winter began to drive away the snow and warm the earth, then Liskin’s palace melted and ran downhill with water. How can Liska survive without a home? So she lay in wait when Bunny came out of his hut for a walk, to pluck snow grass and bunny cabbage, sneaked into Bunny’s hut and climbed onto the floor.

Bunny came, poked his head into the door - it was locked.

He waited a little and began knocking again.

- It’s me, master, the gray Bunny, let me in, Little Fox.

“Get out, I won’t let you in,” answered the Fox.

Bunny waited and said:

- Stop joking, Foxy, let me go, I really want to sleep.

And Lisa responded:

“Wait, scythe, that’s how I’ll jump out, jump out, and go shake you, only shreds will fly in the wind!”

The Bunny cried and went wherever his eyes led him. He met a gray wolf:

- Great, Bunny, what are you crying about, what are you grieving about?

- How can I not grieve, not grieve: I had a bast hut, Lisa’s was an ice hut. The fox's hut melted, went away like water, she captured mine and won't let me, the owner, in!

“But wait,” said the Wolf, “we will kick her out!”

- It’s unlikely, Volchenka, we’ll kick her out, she’s firmly entrenched!

“I’m not me if I don’t kick Lisa out!” - the Wolf growled.

So the Bunny was happy and went with the Wolf to chase the Fox. We've arrived.

- Hey, Lisa Patrikeevna, get out of someone else’s hut! - shouted the Wolf.

And the Fox answered him from the hut:

“Wait, just as soon as I get off the stove, I’ll jump out, I’ll jump out, and I’ll go and beat you up, and the pieces will just fly in the wind!”

- Oh-oh, so angry! - the Wolf grumbled, tucked his tail and ran into the forest, and the Bunny remained crying in the field.

The Bull is coming:

- Great, Bunny, what are you grieving about, what are you crying about?

“But how can I not grieve, how can I not grieve: I had a bast hut, and Lisa’s had an ice hut.” The fox's hut has melted, she has captured mine, and now she won't let me, the owner, home!

“But wait,” said the Bull, “we’ll kick her out.”

- No, Little Bull, it’s unlikely to drive her out, she’s firmly entrenched, the Wolf has already driven her out - he hasn’t kicked her out, and you, Bull, can’t kick her out!

“I’m not me if I don’t kick you out,” the Bull mumbled.

The Bunny was happy and went with the Bull to save the Fox. We've arrived.

- Hey, Lisa Patrikeevna, get out of someone else's hut! — the Bull mumbled.

And Lisa answered him:

“Wait, just as soon as I get off the stove, I’m going to go whip you, Bull, until the shreds fly in the wind!”

- Oh-oh, so angry! — the Bull mooed, threw his head back and let’s run away.

The bunny sat down next to a hummock and cried.

Here comes Mishka-Bear and says:

- Hello, oblique, what are you grieving about, what are you crying about?

“But how can I not grieve, how can I not grieve: I had a bast hut, and the Fox had an ice hut.” The fox's hut has melted, she has captured mine and won't let me, the owner, home!

“But wait,” said the Bear, “we’ll kick her out!”

- No, Mikhailo Potapych, it’s unlikely to kick her out, she’s firmly entrenched. The wolf chased, but did not drive out. The bull drove - he didn’t drive him out, and you can’t drive him out!

“It’s not me,” the Bear roared, “if I don’t survive the Fox!”

So the Bunny was happy and went, bouncing, with the Bear to chase the Fox. We've arrived.

“Hey, Lisa Patrikeevna,” the Bear roared, “get out of someone else’s hut!”

And Lisa answered him:

“Wait, Mikhailo Potapych, just like I’m getting off the stove, I’ll jump out, I’ll jump out, I’ll go and scold you, you clumsy one, until the shreds fly in the wind!”

- Oooh, K8.K8.I'm fierce! - the Bear roared and began to run away.

What about the Hare? He began to beg the Fox, but the Fox didn’t even listen. So the Bunny began to cry and went wherever he looked and met the Kochet, the Red Rooster, with a saber on his shoulder.

- Great, Bunny, how are you doing, what are you grieving about, what are you crying about?

“But how can I not grieve, how can I not grieve, if I’m driven away from my native ashes?” I had a bast hut, and Lisitsa had an ice hut. The fox's hut has melted, she has taken over mine and won't let me, the owner, go home!

“But wait,” said the Rooster, “we’ll kick her out!”

- It’s unlikely, Petenka, you should kick him out, she’s stuck in too tightly! The Wolf chased her but didn’t kick her out, the Bull chased her but didn’t kick her out, the Bear chased her but didn’t kick her out, how can you control it!

“We’ll try,” said the Cockerel and went with the Hare to drive the Fox out.

When they arrived at the hut, the Rooster crowed:

He walks on his heels,

Carrying a saber on his shoulders

He wants to kill Liska,

Sew yourself a hat -

Come out, Lisa, have pity on yourself!

When Lisa heard Petukhova’s threat, she got scared and said:

- Wait, Cockerel, golden comb, silk beard!

And the Rooster cries:

- Ku-ka-re-ku, I’ll chop everything up!

- Petenka-Cockerel, take pity on the old bones, let me throw on a fur coat!

And the Rooster, standing at the door, shouts to himself:

He walks on his heels,

Carrying a saber on his shoulders

He wants to kill Liska,

Sew yourself a hat -

Come out, Lisa, have pity on yourself!

There was nothing to do, nowhere to go, the Fox opened the door and jumped out. And the Rooster settled with the Bunny in his hut, and they began to live, to be, and to accumulate goods.

Russian folk tale "The Fox and the Crane"

The fox and the crane became friends, even had sex with him in someone’s homeland.

So one day the fox decided to treat the crane and went to invite him to visit her:

- Come, kumanek, come, dear! How I can treat you!

The crane is going to a feast, and the fox made semolina porridge and spread it on the plate. Served and served:

- Eat, my little darling! I cooked it myself.

The crane slammed his nose, knocked, knocked, nothing hit!

And at this time the fox was licking and licking the porridge, so she ate it all herself.

The porridge is eaten; fox says:

- Don't blame me, dear godfather! There is nothing else to treat.

- Thank you, godfather, and that’s it! Come to visit me!

The next day the fox comes, and the crane prepared okroshka, put it in a jug with a small neck, put it on the table and said:

- Eat, gossip! Really, there’s nothing else to regale you with.

The fox began to spin around the jug, and would go in this way, and that way, and lick it, and sniff it, and still get nothing! My head won't fit into the jug. Meanwhile, the crane pecks and pecks until it has eaten everything.

- Well, don’t blame me, godfather! There is nothing more to treat!

The fox was annoyed: she thought that she would eat enough for a whole week, but she went home as if she was slurping unsalted food. As it came back, so it responded!

Since then, the fox and the crane have been apart in their friendship.

We were all children once and all of us, without exception, loved fairy tales. After all, in the world of fairy tales there is a special and extraordinary style, filled with our dreams and fantasies. Without even fairy tales real world loses its colors, becomes ordinary and boring. But where did everyone come from? famous heroes? Perhaps, once upon a time a real Baba Yaga and a goblin walked the earth? Let's figure it out together!

According to V. Dahl’s definition, “a fairy tale is a fictional story, an unprecedented and even unrealistic story, a legend.” But the New Illustrated Encyclopedia gives the following definition of a fairy tale: “this is one of the main genres of folklore, epic, mainly prose work magical, adventurous or everyday character with a focus on fiction.” And of course, one cannot help but recall the words of our great poet: “A fairy tale is a lie, but there is a hint in it!” Good fellows lesson!"

That is, whatever one may say, a fairy tale is fiction... But everything in it is unusual, magical and very attractive. There is a immersion into a mysterious, enchanted world, where animals speak human voice, where objects and trees move on their own, where good necessarily defeats evil.

Each of us remembers how the Fox was punished for tricking the Bunny out of the hut (“The Fox and the Hare”), how cruelly the stupid Wolf, who took the cunning Fox’s word for it, paid with his tail (“The Wolf and the Fox”), how quickly they got over it with a turnip (“Turnip”), when they decided to pull it together and also did not forget to call the Mouse, just as the strong forgot about the weak in the fairy tale “Teremok” and what this led to...

Smart, kind, correct, highly moral, embedded in fairy tales helps to bring up the best in our children human qualities. The fairy tale teaches life wisdom. And these values ​​are eternal; they make up what we call spiritual culture.

Among other things, the invaluable nature of fairy tales lies in the fact that they provide an opportunity to introduce children to the life and way of life of the Russian people.

What does Russian village mean? What did a tree, a forest mean to a Russian person? And household items: dishes, clothes, shoes (the famous bast shoes alone are worth it!), musical instruments(balalaika, gusli). This is our opportunity to tell and show children how people lived in Russia before, how the culture of a great people took shape, of which we, their parents, grandparents, by the will of fate, became a part.

Russian folk tales are also an invaluable assistant in developing a child’s language and speech skills. Words and expressions from fairy tales with their ancient and deep meaning are laid down in our consciousness and live in us, regardless of where we ourselves are.

Fairy tales provide an opportunity to expand your vocabulary on any topic (whether it be tales about animals, everyday life or magic). Traditional Russian repetitions, special melody, rare “forgotten” words, proverbs and sayings, which are so rich in Russian speech: all this makes it possible to make a fairy tale accessible, understandable for children’s consciousness, and helps to remember it easily and quickly. And all this develops children’s imagination, teaches them beautiful and coherent speech. (Who knows, maybe those fairy tales that they begin to invent after Russian folk tales will also one day enter the treasury of the language).

A fairy tale is special literary genre, a story unfolding in a timeless and spaceless dimension. Characters such a story - fictional characters who fall into difficult situations and emerging from them thanks to assistants, most often endowed with magical properties. At the same time, insidious villains plot various intrigues against them, but in the end good wins. The creation of fairy tales has an ancient history.

FROM THE HISTORY OF FAIRY TALES:

Fairy tales appeared in such ancient times that it is very difficult to accurately determine the time of their birth. We know just as little about their authors. Most likely, the fairy tales were composed by the same peasants and shepherds who often acted as the main characters of the story.

Has anyone ever wondered if there is something behind these legends? real events, were there fairy-tale heroes the most ordinary people, whose life and adventures could become the basis for fairy tales. Why not? For example, a goblin could be someone who lived in the forest for a long time, was unaccustomed to communicating with people, but got along well with the forest and its inhabitants. Well, Vasilisa is a beauty - everything is clear here. But Koschey the Immortal looks like an old man who married a young girl.

But the situation is more interesting. Our land is located at the crossroads of roads from Europe to Asia, from south to north and vice versa. That is why we lived in close connection with neighboring peoples. From the north, we were contacted by the Vikings, who were a step higher in development than us. They brought us metal and weapons, their legends and fairy tales - and we brought them clothes, shoes and food, everything that our land is rich in. From there the fairy tale about Baba Yaga, where she was the evil old woman Heel on two bone legs, who lives in a separate hut on the outskirts of the forest, guards the souls of the dead and is a border point in the transition from earthly life to the afterlife. She is not particularly kind and day after day creates a lot of trials and troubles for those who walk this road. That is why the heroes of our fairy tales, driven into a remote corner by their troubles, come to Baba Yaga.

Transmitted fairy tales from mouth to mouth, from generation to generation, changing them along the way and adding new details.

Tales were told by adults and - contrary to our current view- not only for children, but for adults too.

Fairy tales taught us how to get out of difficult situations, overcome trials with honor, conquer fear - and every fairy tale ended with a happy ending.

Some scientists believe that the origins of fairy tales lie in primitive rituals. The rituals themselves were forgotten, but the stories were preserved as treasures of useful and instructive knowledge.

It is difficult to say when the first fairy tale appeared. This is probably not possible “either to say in a fairy tale or to describe with a pen.” But it is known that the first fairy tales were dedicated to natural phenomena and their main characters were the Sun, the Wind and the Moon.

A little later they took on a relatively human form. For example, the owner of water is Grandfather Vodyanoy, and Leshy is the owner of the forest and forest animals. It is these images that indicate that folk tales were created at a time when people humanized and animated all the elements and forces of nature.

Another important aspect of beliefs primitive people, which is reflected in folk tales, is the veneration of birds and animals. Our ancestors believed that each clan and tribe comes from a specific animal, which was the patron of the clan (totem). That is why Voron Voronovich, Falcon or Eagle often act in Russian fairy tales.

Also, ancient rituals (for example, initiation of a boy into hunters and warriors) found their expression in folk tales. It is surprising that it was with the help of fairy tales that they came to us in an almost primordial form. Therefore, folk tales are very interesting for historians.

FAIRY TALES AND NATIONAL CHARACTER

Fairy tales reveal all the most important aspects of Russian life. Fairy tales are an inexhaustible source of information about national character. Their strength lies in the fact that they not only reveal it, but also create it. Fairy tales reveal many individual character traits of Russian people and their peculiarities. inner world and ideals.

Here is a typical dialogue (fairy tale “The Flying Ship”):

The old man asks the fool: “Where are you going?”

- “Yes, the king promised to give his daughter to the one who makes a flying ship.”

- “Can you make such a ship?”

- “No, I can’t!” - “So why are you going?” - “God knows!”

For this wonderful answer (because it is honest!) the old man helps the hero get the princess. This eternal wandering “I don’t know where”, in search of “I don’t know what” is inherent in all Russian fairy tales, and indeed in all Russian life in general.

Even in Russian fairy tales, as well as among the Russian people, faith in miracles is strong.

Of course, all fairy tales in the world are based on some extraordinary events. But nowhere does the miraculous dominate the plot as much as in Russians. It piles up, overwhelms the action and is always believed in, unconditionally and without a shadow of a doubt.

Russian fairy tales also testify to the special faith of the Russian person in the meaning of the spoken word. Thus, there is a separate cycle from the category of fairy tales-legends, in which the entire plot is tied to various kinds of accidentally escaped curses. It is characteristic that only Russian versions of such tales are known. Fairy tales also emphasize the importance of the spoken word, the need to keep it: you promised to marry the one who finds the arrow - you must fulfill it; if you kept your word and went to your father’s grave, you will be rewarded; made a promise to marry the one who stole the wings - fulfill it. All fairy tales are filled with these simple truths.

The word opens doors, turns the hut, breaks the spell. The sung song brings back the memory of the husband, who forgot and did not recognize his wife, the little goat with his quatrain (except for him, apparently, he does not know how to say anything, otherwise he would have explained what happened) saves his sister Alyonushka and himself. The word is believed, without any doubt. “I’ll be of use to you,” says some bunny, and the hero lets him go, confident (as is the reader) that this will happen.

Often heroes are rewarded for their suffering. This theme is also especially loved by Russian fairy tales. Often sympathies are on the side of heroes (even more often - heroines) not because of their special qualities or the actions they committed, but because of the life circumstances - misfortune, orphanhood, poverty - in which they found themselves. In this case, salvation comes from the outside, from nowhere, not as a result of the active actions of the hero, but as the restoration of justice. Such fairy tales are designed to instill compassion, sympathy for one’s neighbor, and a feeling of love for all those who suffer. How can one not recall the thought of F. M. Dostoevsky that suffering is necessary for a person, because it strengthens and purifies the soul.

The attitude of the Russian people to work reflected in fairy tales seems peculiar. Here is a seemingly incomprehensible fairy tale about Emelya the Fool from the point of view of ideals.

He lay on the stove all his life, did nothing, and did not hide the reason, he answered “I’m lazy!” to all requests for help. Once I went out into the water and caught a magic pike. The continuation is well known to everyone: the pike persuaded him to let her go back into the hole, and for this she undertook to fulfill all of Emelya’s wishes. And so "by pike command“, at my request,” a sleigh without a horse carries a fool to the city, the ax chops the wood itself, and they are put into the oven, the buckets march into the house without outside help. Moreover, Emelya also got the royal daughter, also not without the intervention of magic.

The ending, however, is still hopeful (in children's retellings for some reason it is often omitted): “The fool, seeing that all people are like people, and he alone was bad and stupid, wanted to become better and for this he said: “As a pike by command, and at my request, that I become such a fine fellow, that nothing like this should happen to me, and that I be extremely smart!” And as soon as he had time to speak, at that very moment he became so beautiful, and also smart, that everyone was surprised.”

This tale is often interpreted as a reflection eternal inclination Russian person to laziness, idleness.

She's talking, rather, about heaviness. peasant labor, which gave birth to a desire to relax, making me dream of a magical assistant.

Yes, if you are lucky and catch a miracle pike, you can happily do nothing, lie on a warm stove and think about the Tsar’s daughter. All this, of course, is also unrealistic for the man who dreams of it, like a stove driving through the streets, and the usual difficult daily work awaits him, but you can dream about pleasant things.

The fairy tale also reveals another difference between Russian culture - it does not have the sanctity of the concept of labor, that special reverent attitude, on the verge of “work for the sake of labor itself,” which is characteristic, for example, of Germany or modern America. It is known, for example, that one of the common problems among Americans is the inability to relax, distract themselves from business, and understand that nothing will happen if they go on vacation for a week. For a Russian person there is no such problem - he knows how to relax and have fun, but perceives work as inevitable.

The famous philosopher I. Ilyin considered such “laziness” of the Russian person to be part of his creative, contemplative nature. “We were taught, first of all, by our flat space,” wrote the Russian thinker, “by our nature, with its distances and clouds, with its rivers, forests, thunderstorms and blizzards. Hence our insatiable gaze, our dreaminess, our contemplating “laziness” (A.S. Pushkin), behind which lies strength creative imagination. Russian contemplation was given beauty that captivated the heart, and this beauty was introduced into everything - from fabric and lace to residential and fortified buildings.” There may be no zeal and exaltation of work, but there is a feeling of beauty, merging with nature. This also bears fruit - rich folk art, expressed, among other things, in a fairy-tale heritage.

The attitude towards wealth is clear. Greed is perceived as big vice. Poverty is a virtue.

This does not mean that there is no dream of prosperity: difficulties peasant life made us dream of a self-assembled tablecloth, of a stove in which “there are goose meat, pig meat, and pies - apparently and invisibly! One word to say - whatever the soul wants, everything is there! the bride received was also nice to dream about on long winter evenings.

But wealth comes to the heroes easily, casually, when they don’t even think about it, as an additional prize for a good bride or a saved wife. Those who strive for it as an end in itself are always punished and remain “with nothing.”

is one of the oldest forms of storytelling, which in its simplest and game form tells children not only about the world around him, but also about manifestations of both the best and the ugliest. General statistics tell us that Russian folk tales are of interest only to children up to school age, but it is these tales that we carry in our hearts and, even if in a slightly modified form, we pass them on to our children. After all, it is impossible to forget about Masha and the Bear, Ryaba the hen or the Gray Wolf; all these images help us learn and understand the reality around us. You can read Russian folk tales online and listen to audio tales for free on our website.

Types of Russian folk tales

Folk tales are basically divided into three categories. These are tales about animals, everyday life and fairy tales.

Russian folk tales about animals- these are some of the most ancient types of fairy tales that exist, their roots go back to the times Ancient Rus'. These fairy tales contain vivid and very memorable images; from childhood we all remember about Kolobok or Turnip, and thanks to such bright images the child learns to understand good and evil. Learns to distinguish character traits and lines of behavior: a fox is cunning, a bear is clumsy, a bunny is cowardly, and so on. Although the world of folk tales is fictional, it is so alive and vibrant that it fascinates and knows how to teach children only good deeds.

Russians everyday tales - these are fairy tales that are filled with the realism of our Everyday life. And they are so close to life that when delving into these fairy tales, be careful, because this line is so thin that your growing child will want to embody and experience some of the actions on himself or carry them out in real life.

Russian fairy tales- this is a world in which magic and the evil associated with it takes on very terrible outlines and vital shades. Fairy tales- this is the search and rescue of a girl, a city or the world entrusted to the shoulders of one hero. But it is the help of many minor characters teaches us, who read these fairy tales, about mutual assistance to each other. Read and listen to folk tales online with us.