Book: “Architectural monuments of Leningrad. Architecture of Leningrad during the Great Patriotic War - Museum of Architecture Architectural monuments of Leningrad

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Dispatch: Ukrp and NP on prepayment. Condition: very good Additional photo: Yes for books from 200 UAH Details by phone or via message In Odessa, you can view and buy in the “Bukinist” store at the address: st. Novoselsky, 60 Architectural ensembles of Leningrad 1946 Bukhara 1968 Book about Architecture Publishing house knowledge Moscow 1973 1 Experimental studies of the reaction of extended supports of buildings and structures to the action of traveling waves 1974 Architecture of the Russian North Wooden architecture 12-19 centuries Introductory article in English photo captions in English and Russian. Russian art Baroque 1977 Album of colors 1971 Architecture and public consciousness 1952 Snegirev Famous architect Vasily Ivanovich Bazhenov 1737-1799 Mosca monument of XVIII-first architecture thirds of the XIX century Ceskoslovensko Karel Plicka Karel Plicka Prague (dedicatory inscription, without super) Le Corbusier Architectural XX century (dedicatory inscription otherwise ideal in a case) Architectural monuments of Moscow Kremlin China city Central platforms 1983 350 UAH Dialog Tvaru Architektura Barokhi Prahy Vladimir Uher Butenin Fonts frames decoration Nekrasov Russian Empire 1935 Rzyanin Russian architecture 1947 Yuolshakov Decorative modeling 1951 ARKIN MONUMENTAL SCULPTURE OF LENINGRAD Petrodvorets guidebook Klementyev Stereoscopy in architecture and construction Bartenev Architects of the Italian Renaissance Fersman from the history of stone culture in Russia 1946 Modern architecture USA 1981 Noise protection in urban planning 1966 Pushkin Palaces and parks album 1985 Architecture of cities of the USSR Tbilisi 1951 Simanovsky Artificial marble 1950 Baryshnikov basics of composition 1951 Drawings of architectural details of the facade of a residential building on Pushkinskaya street corner of the 3rd sandy city Odessa 1953 Drinberg Painting of building facades 1953 Senchenok Sources of dampness in buildings and the fight against it 1951 Zakharov and Voronikhin 1953 Tupolev Flat roofs 1952 Handbook on civil engineering 1950 Essay aesthetic ideas architecture of capitalist society 1979 Guide to the design and installation of waterproofing underground parts of buildings and structures 1960

This site in the 1780s. was separated from the common land ownership, which was in mid-18th century V. the property of Chief of Police General A.D. Tatishchev, then State Secretary A.V. Olsufiev and, finally, Shulepova. IN late XVIII V. The wooden house belonged to silversmith Trofimov. The journalist and writer N.I. Grech spent his childhood years here. In the 1810s. a three-story stone house of the merchant A. Shemyakin was built. By the beginning of the 1830s. it was rebuilt by the architect D.I. Quadri. The owner of the mansion in 1830 was artillery general I. O. Sukhozanet, a hero of the wars with Napoleon, a participant in the suppression of the Decembrist uprising, and director of the Military Academy. Ensemble of ceremonial interiors in style late classicism, decorated with picturesque lampshades, created in 1835-1838. architects D. I. Visconti and S. L. Shustov. The St. Petersburg merchant society bought the house from state councilor Shumilova in 1864. After reconstruction carried out in 1864-1866. architect V.V. Shtrom, the facade of a three-story house with a pediment lost its former purity of classicist forms (some finishing details were later lost). The building housed the administrative services of the capital's merchants. In the 1900s The headquarters of the Trade and Industrial Union (the party of St. Petersburg entrepreneurs) was located in the Merchants' Council. In 1910-1911 According to the designs of communications engineer A. A. Baryshnikov, part of the interiors were redone, the upper part of the façade of the courtyard building was decorated in the Doric order, and a one-story extension was built on the right in the courtyard. Until the 1970s The Soyuztransmashproekt Institute worked in the building. In 1976, restoration renovation was completed (architects Yu. B. Markov, E. G. Larinsky, artist M. P. Shvabsky, etc.), which was carried out for the House of Journalists and the board of the Leningrad organization of the Union of Journalists of the USSR who moved here. The predecessor of the House of Journalists was the House of Press, founded in 1926. The Union unites more than two thousand journalists. The country's first University of Working Correspondents, and later the Institute for Press Development, operated in the house on Nevsky. It was a place not only for official events, but also an informal center for communication of the creative intelligentsia. Several years ago, new residents appeared in the building, including the restaurant-club “Paradox”, then the beer club and restaurant “Nobody Writes to the Colonel”, the restaurant “Three Gudgeons Tavern”. In the main part historical building in 2005-2008, specialists from Petrestkom LLC carried out restoration of the ceremonial interiors. Today (2013), in addition to the Union of Journalists, there is a pizzeria “Paparazzi Kitchen” here.

Architecture of Leningrad during the Great Patriotic War January 27th, 2014

Exactly 70 years ago, on January 27, 1944, the blockade of Leningrad was completely lifted. During these difficult 872 days, according to various sources, from 300 thousand to 1.5 million people died. Enormous damage was caused and architectural monuments city ​​on the Neva and its suburbs.
At the beginning of the war, various camouflage measures were taken architectural structures and urban sculpture, which allowed to reduce the number of damaged monuments. The most valuable city monuments, such as the monuments to Peter I on Senate Square, Nicholas I on St. Isaac's Square, Lenin at the Finlyandsky Station, the famous Egyptian sphinxes on the University Embankment and many others were covered with several rows of sandbags and plywood shields. Multi-ton monument Alexander III sculptor Paolo Trubetskoy, protected by a sand embankment and a ramp of logs, withstood a direct hit from a high-explosive bomb.

Isaac's Square. Photo - Ya. Brodsky, 1942



Sphinx covered with a wooden case, photo 1941

If the monument could be removed from the pedestal, it was buried underground: famous sculptures The Summer Garden, the monument to Alexander III, the rearing horses from the Anichkov Bridge by sculptor Pyotr Klodt were wrapped in cloth and buried underground until the end of the war.

Removing equestrian sculptures from the Anichkov Bridge from the ground, photo 1945.

At the same time, monuments to outstanding Russian commanders: Suvorov, Kutuzov and Barclay de Tolly were left deliberately unprotected and open to the city. The images of the heroes of the past were supposed to inspire Leningraders to fight the enemy.

It was much more difficult to hide architecture from enemy eyes. Many buildings in Leningrad, which could serve as landmarks during air raids, were carefully camouflaged. For this purpose, panels with false images depicted on them were used. architectural elements buildings and protective nets, with sewn pieces of fabric painted to match the color of the vegetation. Often, to achieve greater persuasiveness, real tree branches were woven into camouflage nets.

Masking of the Propylaea of ​​Smolny during the siege of Leningrad. Photo from 1942, archive of the Memorial Museum of the Defense and Siege of Leningrad .

Disguise of Smolny during the siege of Leningrad. Photo from 1942, archive of the Memorial Museum of the Defense and Siege of Leningrad

One of the most difficult objects to camouflage were the numerous vertical dominants of the city: the domes and spiers of cathedrals easily revealed themselves not only by their size, but also by the bright shine of their gilding. It was decided to cover the shiny elements with gray paint so that they would blend in with the color of the Leningrad sky. This did not threaten the safety of the monuments, since with the help of special chemicals the paint was easily washed off without harming the gilding.
One of the most difficult activities was the camouflage of the spire Peter and Paul Cathedral. In the November cold of 1941, Leningrad climbers Leonid Zhukovsky and Mikhail Bobrov climbed the stairs inside the spire to the outer exit, from where a hundred-year-old open 20-meter staircase led to the angel figurine, the condition of which was not known. Despite the serious risk, everything went well: a ring with a cable was attached to the base of the angel, with the help of which workers and materials for masking the spire were raised to the very top.
Many crowning elements of buildings were masked with special covers. Thus, the dome of the Engineering Castle, the Church of the Exaltation of the Cross and many others were covered with special covers made of canvas and burlap.

Removing the camouflage cover from the dome of St. Nicholas Cathedral, photo 1944.

Removing the camouflage cover from the dome of the Peter and Paul Cathedral. Photo 1944

The famous “needle” of the Admiralty, unlike most St. Petersburg spiers and domes, which were gilded using electroplating, was covered with the thinnest sheets of gold, which were attached with a special glue. In this case, the simplest method of masking with gray paint could not be used. In this regard, a huge cover weighing more than half a ton was made especially for the Admiralty spire overnight, which was used to cover it from view. German aviation one of the main landmarks of the city.

Removing the camouflage cover from the Admiralty spire, photo 1944.

Many bridges in Leningrad were disguised as “ruins”: the installed wooden fake structures did not interfere with the movement of traffic, but created the illusion of destruction. Station buildings were also disguised as ruins, and temporary false backups were built nearby. False stations suffered a lot during enemy air raids, while real transport hubs remained untouched. The rails leading to them were also covered with protective paint - so that the shine of polished steel would not reveal the camouflage plan.
However, despite partial camouflage, many buildings in Leningrad were seriously damaged by enemy shelling: the premises of the Gostiny Dvor, the Kunstkamera, the Church of St. Catherine, the Yusupov Palace, the Russian Museum, the Shuvalov Palace, the St. Nicholas Cathedral, the Senate building, the Engineering Castle and many others .

Kunstkamera, photo 1944

Destroyed residential building on Ligovsky Prospekt, photo 1941-1944.

The greatest, irreparable damage was caused to architectural ensembles that found themselves in close proximity to the front line, in the German-occupied suburbs of Leningrad. And if, thanks to the dedicated work of museum employees, it was possible to save a significant number of storage items that were not subject to evacuation architectural ensembles, gardening structures and green spaces on the territory of which were carried out fighting, it was impossible to protect.
As a result, during the retreat of the Germans, the Great Catherine Palace in Tsarskoye Selo burned down and the famous Amber Room, presented to Peter I by the King of Prussia, was lost.

View destroyed by the Germans Catherine Palace, photo 1944

General view of the destroyed Grand Staircase of the Grand Catherine Palace, photo 1944.

The Pavlovsk Palace was destroyed and almost completely burned out, in the park of which about 70,000 old trees were cut down.

View of part of the destroyed and burned Pavlovsk Palace from the front yard, photo 1944.

Pavlovsk Palace. Rossi Library and Gonzago Gallery, photo 1944

Installation of the statue of Flora after the liberation of Pavlovsk, photo 1944.

The Peterhof palace and park ensemble was almost completely destroyed by artillery. This is how museum employee M. Tikhomirov describes his visit on January 31, 1944: “The first thing that stood before my eyes behind the destroyed gates and fence of the Upper Garden was the indescribable chaos of some rubble, half-buried with snow, a huge anti-tank ditch crossing the entire garden, and behind it the charred ruins Grand Palace without golden domes. The lower park from above seemed like a snowy desert with dead black trees entangled in wires, and in the cluttered bucket of the cascade stood the empty pedestal of Samson. We had to make our way through the park along narrow paths and see more and more ruins: the marble columns of the Lion Cascade broken into pieces, the dilapidated Golden Mountain with steps devoid of gold lining, the charred remains of the Marly Palace and, finally, the Hermitage, where its lifting table with its intricate mechanism, and at the top stood a gun, the muzzle of which, aimed at Kronstadt, protruded from the broken wall of the upper hall.”.

View of the destroyed Great Peterhof Palace of the Lower Park ensemble in Peterhof, photo 1944.

In Peterhof, all the structures of the English Park, the English Palace and pavilions were destroyed, as well as the palaces and pavilions of all landscape parks of the 19th century. Almost all of the sculpture, hidden by museum staff in a tunnel under the palace or buried in the ground in the Lower Park, has been preserved. The Peter the Great bas-reliefs of the steps of the cascade, the mascarons of the canal and the largest figures - Samson, Tritons, Neva, Volkhov - left in place - disappeared without a trace after the German retreat.

Cascade of fountains in Peterhof, photo 1944

The palace and park ensemble of Oranienbaum suffered to a much lesser extent than other suburbs of Leningrad, only because the so-called “Oranienbaum bridgehead” was deployed here, which made it possible to preserve the historical heritage.
The buildings and ensembles that suffered during the siege of Leningrad and the German occupation of the suburbs were restored and pieced together by restorers throughout the second half of the twentieth century, but many buildings, sculptures and decorative elements were lost forever.

A scan of the map was kindly provided by S. Nazarov

Leningrad
Main architectural monuments
1971

MAIN ARCHITECTURAL MONUMENTS AND LENIN MEMORABLE PLACES MARKED ON THE DIAGRAM.

Lenin memorial places:
1 - Museum revolutionary history Vyborg side (Bolotnaya st., 13/17);
2 - Memorial Museum V.I. Lenin (Serdobolskaya st., 1/106, apt. 20);
3 - Sanatorium (formerly Polovtsev’s mansion);
4 _ Memorial Museum of V.I. Lenin (Lenin St., 52, apt. 24);
5 - Memorial Museum of V.I. Lenin (Karpovka River embankment, 32/1, apt. 31);
6 _ Leningrad branch of the Museum of the Great October Socialist Revolution (formerly Kshesinskaya Palace);
7 - Lenin Square and Finland Station;
8 - Tauride Palace;
9 - Smolny Ensemble;
10 - Leningradsky State University them. A. A. Zhdanova (formerly Twelve Collegiums);
11 - Ex. Mariinsky Palace;
12 - State Public Library named after. M. E. Saltykova-Shchedrina;
13 - Moskovsky station;
14 - Field of Mars and monument to the fighters of the revolution;
15 - Memorial Museum of V.I. Lenin (10th Sovetskaya St., 17, apt. 20);
16 _ Memorial Museum of V.I. Lenin (Khersonskaya st., 5, apt. 9);
17 - Vitebsky station;
18 - Former building Volny economic society(4th Krasnoarmeyskaya St., 1/33);
19 - Technological Institute named after. Lensovet;
20 - Memorial Museum of V.I. Lenin (Ilyich lane, 7/4, apt. 13);
21 - "Literary Bridges" at the Volkov Cemetery;
22 - Memorial Museum of the Revolutionary History of Nevskaya Zastava (Novo-Alexandrovskaya Street, 23).

Architectural ensembles and architectural monuments:
23 - Ensemble of Svetlanovskaya Square;
24 - Piskarevsky memorial ensemble;
25 - Hospital named after. I. I. Mechnikova;
26 - Ensemble of the Elaginsky Palace and Park;
27 - Television (formerly Kamennoostrovsky) theater;
28 - Kamennoostrovsky Palace;
29 - Primorsky Victory Park and stadium named after. S. M. Kirov;
30 - Palace of Culture named after. Lensovet;
31 - Leo Tolstoy Square;
32 - The first residential building of the Leningrad City Council;
33 - Vyborg factory-kitchen;
34 - Cinema "Giant";
35 - Stadium named after. V. I. Lenin;
36 - Sports Palace "Yubileiny";
37 - Ensemble of the Peter and Paul Fortress;
38 - Revolution Square Ensemble;
39 - House of Peter I
40 - Hotel "Leningrad";
41 - House of Pioneers of the Smolninsky District (formerly Kikin Chambers);
42 - Ensemble of Krasnogvardeyskaya Square;
43 - Palace of Culture named after S. M. Kirov;
44 - Mining Institute named after. G. V. Plekhanov;
45 - Institute of Painting, Sculpture and Architecture named after. I. E. Repin (formerly Academy of Arts);
46 - Ex. Palace of A. D. Menshikov;
47 - Institute of Russian Literature - Pushkin House (formerly Customs House);
48 - Central Naval Museum (formerly Exchange);
49 - Academy of Sciences;
50 - Central State Historical Archive (formerly Senate and Synod);
51 - Ex. Horse Guards Manege;
52 - Decembrist Square and the monument to Peter I "The Bronze Horseman";
53 - St. Isaac's Cathedral;
54 - Main Admiralty;
55 - Former building General Staff;
56 - Palace Square and the Winter Palace;
57 - State Hermitage Museum;
58 - Hermitage Theater;
59 - Konyushennaya Square;
60 - Lenenergo building (former barracks of the Pavlovsky regiment);
61 _ Leningrad branch Central Museum V. I. Lenin (Marble Palace);
62 - Summer garden and the Summer Palace of Peter I;
63 - Transfiguration Cathedral;
64 - "New Holland";
65 - Academic theater Opera and Ballet named after. S. M. Kirov;
66 - Leningrad State Conservatory named after. N. A. Rimsky-Korsakov;
67 - Financial and Economic Institute (formerly Assignation Bank);
68 - Museum of the History of Religion and Atheism (formerly Kazan Cathedral);
69 - Ex. Maly Gostiny Dvor;
70 - Bolshoi Gostiny Dvor;
71 - Academic Drama Theater named after. A. S. Pushkin;
72 - Ensemble of Lomonosov Square and Zodchego Rossi Street;
73 - Palace of Pioneers (formerly Anichkov Palace);
74 - Arts Square Ensemble;
75 - Ensemble of the Engineering (formerly Mikhailovsky) Castle;
76 - Winter Stadium (formerly Manezh of the Mikhailovsky Castle);
77 - Branch of the State Public library them. M. E. Saltykova-Shchedrin (formerly Catherine Institute);
78 - Hospital named after. V. V. Kuibysheva;
79 - Ex. Vladimir Church and Bell Tower;
80 - Big concert hall"October";
81 - Ensemble of the Alexander Nevsky Lavra;
82 - St. Nicholas Cathedral;
83 - Ex. Yusupov Palace;
84 - Hotel "Sovetskaya";
85 - Ex. Trinity Cathedral;
86 - Theater for Young Spectators;
87 - Ex. Yamskaya market;
88 - Kirov department store;
89 - Narva triumphal gate;
90 - Palace of Culture named after. A. M. Gorky;
91 - Kirovsky District Council building;
92 - Moscow triumphal gate;
93 - Ensemble of Komsomolskaya Square;
94 - Hotel "Russia";
95 - Moscow Victory Park;
96 - Moscow Square and monument to V.I. Lenin;
97 - Monument to the victims of January 9, 1905.

FAMOUS ARCHITECTURAL MONUMENTS OF ST. PETERSBURG AND LENINGRAD REGION

November 17, 1757 257 years ago, the Academy of Arts was established in St. Petersburg (now the Russian Academy of Arts)
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By the decision of the Senate dated (6) November 17, 1757, the Academy of Arts was established in St. Petersburg. The initiator was one of the figures of Russian education, Count I.I. Shuvalov, who later served as a trustee of the academy. One of the main functions of the Academy was professional training and education of high-quality artists.

The development of art in Europe inspired Count I.I. Shuvalov, a prominent Russian statesman, to submit to Empress Elizabeth Petrovna a proposal on the need to establish a “special academy for the three most noble arts.” Ivan Ivanovich intended to open it in Moscow, but as a result, the Academy of Arts was established in 1757 in St. Petersburg, although for the first 6 years it was affiliated with Moscow University, the founder of which was Shuvalov.
In St. Petersburg, the Academy was initially located in the Shuvalov mansion on Sadovaya. In 1758, educational classes began here. Training course lasted 9 years and included the study of the art of engraving, portraiture, sculpture, architecture, etc. Since 1760, the best graduates, funded by the Academy, were sent for internships abroad. In 1764-1788. A special building was built for the Academy (University Embankment, 17). Now this building houses the St. Petersburg state institute painting, sculpture and architecture named after I.E. Repin, as well as the Research Museum of the Russian Academy of Arts, archive, library, laboratories and workshops.
At first, the funds provided to the academy were very meager: it was ordered to allocate 6 thousand rubles a year. But using his personal funds, Shuvalov was able to immediately raise the authority of this educational institution. Those invited by him famous artists from France and Germany laid the first foundations for the proper teaching of art.
“The Complete Establishment of the Imperial Academy of Arts” was published already under Catherine II, in 1763.

The staff of the Academy has been increased to 60 thousand rubles. While the architecture teacher A.F. Kokorinov, the strength of the academy developed, but with the arrival of I. I. Betsky (who replaced Shuvalov in 1763), a decline began, manifested in poor administration and the elimination of the first inclinations of academic activity. The orders of 1802 aimed to raise the academy: to transform the teaching of sciences necessary for the education of artists, to establish a gallery at the academy, to establish prizes, etc., but these proposals were not implemented, with the exception of the one that involved sending young artists abroad.
In 1812, the Academy of Arts was included in the Ministry of Public Education. This period of academic life in the department of the Ministry of Public Education is known for the improvement of difficult economic circumstances into which the academy was brought by the previous administration. The academy's significant debts were paid off and new buildings were built. However, the educational part has changed little. The educational school that existed at the academy required many measures, more related to raising morality than improving teaching.
New environment and much more profitable terms The Academy of Arts receives it with its transfer to the jurisdiction of the Ministry of the Imperial Household. Increased funds made it possible to send students abroad; guardianship was established for them in Rome. The choice of teachers was ensured by new rules. The new Charter of August 30, 1859 completely changed the teaching of sciences in accordance with two departments of the academy: one in painting and sculpture, the other in architecture. General Sciences, to which little attention had been paid until then, occupied place of honor in both departments. Teaching mathematics, physics and chemistry was introduced for architects. Three degrees of the title of class artists were also established.
November 9, 1863 14 of the most outstanding students of the Imperial Academy of Arts, admitted to compete for the first gold medal, turned to the Academy Council with a request to replace the competition task (painting a picture based on a given plot from Scandinavian mythology) with a free task involving painting a picture on a theme chosen by the artist himself. In response to the Council's refusal, all 14 people left the Academy. This event went down in history as the “Riot of the 14.” It was they who later organized the “Art Artel”, which in 1870 was transformed into the “Association of Traveling Art Exhibitions”.
Until the beginning of the twentieth century, the Academy was the only highest artistic institution in Russia. educational institution. Her activities were not limited to art education. She was the center artistic education, actively influenced the development of all types of art, contributed to the formation museum collections, conducted extensive research work, held exhibitions and competitions.
The activities of the Imperial Academy of Arts continued until 1917 and, despite some unfavorable periods in its life, produced important consequences. They began to open art schools, societies of artists were established, and the teaching of painting became a subject included in the general education program.
After October revolution The next stage in the history of the Imperial Academy of Arts has arrived. On April 12, 1918, by decree of the Council of People's Commissars, the Academy of Arts was completely abolished, and the academic museum ceased to function. Higher art school at the Imperial Academy of Arts in St. Petersburg in 1918 it was transformed into PGSHUM - Petrograd State Free Art and Educational Workshops, in 1921 renamed into Petrograd State Art and Educational Workshops (VKHUTEMAS) at the recreated Academy of Arts. In 1928 they were transformed into the Higher Art and Technical Institute (VKHUTEIN), from which the Institute of Proletarian Fine Arts was organized in 1930.
Frequent transformations continued until 1932. From 1932 to 1947. The All-Russian Academy of Arts operates. On August 5, 1947, on the basis of the reorganized “All-Russian Academy of Arts”, the USSR Academy of Arts was formed with a base in Moscow. now this Russian Academy arts, which celebrated its 250th anniversary in 2007. Nowadays it unites all the best creative forces in Russia. Among the academicians, corresponding members and honorary members of the Academy are outstanding masters, artists, art historians, architects and designers representing all areas of contemporary Russian art.

Menshikov Palace

Before the construction of the Third Winter Palace“The most extensive and magnificent in all of St. Petersburg” was considered the Menshikov Palace on Vasilyevsky Island. Its uniqueness lies in the fact that the palace is the only large residential building of that time, which has survived to this day.The Menshikov Palace was also an administrative building - Governor General Menshikov ruled the Baltic region. The palace building was erected from 1710 to 1727 according to the design of architects F. Fontana and G.I. Schendel

In February 1714, Menshikov moved into the newly completed three-story building (now its central building).
The palace was made so luxuriously that it eclipsed all the mansions built before it in St. Petersburg. Even Peter I, who usually forgave Menshikov a lot, was at first very angry at his immodesty. The palace turned out to be the only place where it was possible to receive European diplomats and merchants without shame, and the king soon changed his anger to mercy.
Interior decoration The palace was equipped in a modern European manner. The chambers were decorated with faience tiles, carved wooden panels, silks and paintings, and tiled Dutch ovens. Architects B.K. Rastrelli, J.B. Leblon, A. Schlüter and others took part in the decorative design.
The famous “Petrine assemblies” were held in the Assembly (Great) Hall on the second floor, where up to 200 people gathered.

After the exile of A.D. Menshikov, his palace in 1732 was adapted to house the Land Noble Corps, later renamed the First Cadet Corps, which occupied the building until 1917.

Eliseev Palace (Talion Hotel)

In the historical center of St. Petersburg, at the intersection of the main city highway and the Moika River, there is former house the famous merchant dynasty of the Eliseevs.
Those who left peasant environment merchants and bankers Eliseevs became famous not only as successful business people, but also as philanthropists, connoisseurs and patrons of the arts. For services to the fatherland they were awarded the title hereditary nobles. At the beginning of the twentieth century, the Eliseevs were one of the brilliant families of Russia: their personal talent, their ambitions, their success, their wealth personified the country's capabilities, its industrial successes, its ambitions. The history of the Eliseevs ended along with the history of Tsarist Russia - in 1917. But she still lives in the interiors of the mansion, now turned into the most luxurious hotel in St. Petersburg.

When you get here, you involuntarily compare its halls with the palace halls of the Hermitage or other palaces. The halls of the front suite, Eliseev's former office, and the music room have been preserved. Gilded stucco molding, rosettes, painted lampshades, tapestries, paintings, oak living room interiors, chandeliers, candlesticks are simply mesmerizing. Antique furniture, stained glass windows, original wallpaper and much more will not leave anyone indifferent. In the Eliseev Palace, a staircase has been preserved, along which three generations of a family climbed, whose family has become a living history of Russian entrepreneurship.

Silver necklace of St. Petersburg.

The total territory of St. Petersburg and the Leningrad region is approximately equal in area to Austria or Hungary and twice the size of Denmark, Switzerland or the Netherlands!
The outskirts of St. Petersburg is a concept introduced for the convenience of travelers. Some of the objects administratively belong to St. Petersburg, the other - to the Leningrad region surrounding St. Petersburg.All of them are located on ancient Novgorod lands and in the 18th century they fell into the orbit of the cultural and political influence of the new Russian capital.
Sights of St. Petersburg and the Leningrad region surrounding St. Petersburg: the city of Pushkin (Tsarskoe Selo), Pavlovsk - on the banks of the winding Slavyanka, Peterhof (Petrodvorets) - Russian Versailles, Oranienbaum (the city of Lomonosov), Gatchina - the castles of the Russian Hamlet; fortresses of the Leningrad region: Staraya Ladoga, Ivangorod, Shlisselburg, Vyborg, Korela, Koporye.
The picturesque relief of the Leningrad region owes its origin to a huge glacier, which several tens of thousands of years ago descended from the Scandinavian mountains and bound the entire north of Russia. When the glacier melted, numerous hills and lakes appeared (there are more than 1800 of them). Lake Ladoga is the largest and deepest lake in Europe and is of non-glacial origin.
A little about the origin of the Neva: back in the Stone Age it was a bay of the Littorina Sea, located on the site of the Baltic. Due to the intensive process of uplifting the earth's crust, the northern part of the lake turned out to be higher than the southern part, and the flow of water stopped. The water level in the former bay began to rise, and 4500 years ago the water rushed in a wide stream towards the Baltic. This is how the current famous Neva came into being! At first it was a kind of Ladoga Bay, and only 2000 years ago it took shape in its modern shape.
32 rivers flow into Lake Ladoga, only the Neva flows out. Although the river is short (74 km), it is unusually deep: in these lands precipitation exceeds evaporation, and therefore the Neva collects as much water as the Don and Dnieper combined!

Smolny Cathedral, St. Petersburg.


Peterhof is a palace and park ensemble of St. Petersburg, Russia.


fountain "Neptune" in Peterhof (St. Petersburg, Russia).


Konstantinovsky Palace in Strelna, St. Petersburg.


Hermitage, St. Petersburg.


Saint Petersburg. Monument to Peter I


Kazan Cathedral, St. Petersburg, Russia.

Saint Petersburg. Saint Isaac's Cathedral.