Famous painting of the modern Tate gallery. Tate Gallery in London (Tate Britan) - interesting for children
The content of the article
TATE GALLERY(Tate Gallery) - state National Museum in London, storing over sixty thousand works of art: paintings, sculptures, drawings, engravings. It is divided into two parts: Tate Britain or the old Tate Gallery, which is a collection of English painting from the 16th to 19th centuries. And foreign art 19th century, and the Tate Modern Gallery - European and american art from 1900 to the present.
The basis of the Tate Gallery's collection is the private collection of Sir Henry Tate (1819–1899) paintings by English artists. The gallery opened on July 21, 1897.
During the Second World War, the gallery building was heavily damaged as a result of air raids. The collection was evacuated in advance. The museum fully opened to visitors in 1949.
The gallery was completed several times. In 1926, a new building housed a collection of foreign paintings. In 1979 – opening of rooms for the collection contemporary art. In 1987 - the opening of the Clore Gallery, specially built for the works of Turner (1775–1851), who bequeathed his paintings to England on the condition that they would all be preserved as a single exhibition. Sir Charles Clore (1904–1979) provided funds for the construction of the gallery.
The modern Tate Gallery opened in May 2000. The building was converted from a power station erected in the 1930s in the city center, opposite St. John's Cathedral. Paul. While maintaining the exterior of the power plant, the architects completely redesigned the inside of the building and added a glass and steel roof.
The modern Tate Gallery has moved away from the traditional placement of works in chronological order. The collection consists of four large sections: “Still life, object, real life", "Landscape and environment», « History painting", "Nude, Action, Body." The authors of the exhibition connect various directions: works of old masters with modern ones, painting and sculpture with photographs and videos. The gallery hosts many temporary exhibitions of contemporary artists.
MUSEUM COLLECTION
English painting.
In the halls old gallery Tate you can get a complete picture of what English painting is, what are the main stages and directions artistic life in the country.
The most early work national school – Portrait of a man in a black hat(1545) John Betts (d. c. 1576), follower of the artist Northern Renaissance Hans Holbein the Younger (c. 1498–1543).
William Hogarth (1697–1764): Beggar's Opera (1729), Self-portrait with a dog (1745), Wedding ball(c. 1745), Portrait of servants(1750s), Oh the roast beef of old England(Gate of Calais) (1748), numerous portraits.
Joshua Reynolds (1723–1792): The Three Graces decorate the herm of Hymen (1774), Portrait of Admiral Keppel (1780), Portrait of Dr. Samuel Johnson(1772), two self-portraits, children's portraits.
Thomas Gainsborough (1727–1788): View of Dedham(c. 1760), Sunset. Horses drawn in a cart, drinking water from a stream(c. 1760), Sir Benjamin Truman (1774), The artist's daughter Mary (1777), Giovanna Baccelli (1782).
Richard Wilson (1713–1782): Thames near Twickennm (1762).
George Stubbs (1724–1806): Horses in nature (1762–1768), Hay harvesting (1785), Reapers (1785).
The work of William Blake (1757–1827), who illustrated in watercolors and engravings, is fully shown own compositions, as well as Shakespeare, Dante, the Bible: God creates Adam, Newton, Death of Abel, Good and evil angels, A pity (1795–1804).
Joseph Mallord William Turner (1775–1851): Fishermen at sea (1796), Thames Walton Bridge(c. 1807), Shipwreck(c. 1805), Frosty morning. Dawn (1813), Crossing the stream (1815), Funeral at sea(1842). Canvases with views of Venice: Bridge of Sighs, Doge's Palace and Customs, Venice: Canaletto at the easel(1833), etc. Impressionistic landscapes of the artist: Interior at Petworth(c.1837), Norham Castle. Sunrise(c. 1840). Blizzard. A steamer at the entrance to the harbor gives a distress signal after getting into shallow water(1842) – a perfect depiction of a storm at sea. The gallery displays hundreds of sketches and the only Self-portrait Turner (1798).
John Constable (1776–1837): Malvern Hall (1809), Flatford Mill (1817), Hamstead Heath(c.1820), Hadley Castle(c. 1828–1829), Opening of the bridge Waterloo (1832).
Pre-Raphaelites Dante Gabriel Rossetti (1828–1882): Beata Beatrix(c. 1863), Proserpina(1874); John Everett Millais (1829–1896): Ophelia(c. 1850); William Holman Hunt (1827–1910): Claudis and Isabella (1850).
Collection of foreign art
began to take shape in 1917. This section begins chronologically with painting French impressionists and post-impressionists and has an extensive collection of masters of these movements.
Claude Monet (1840–1926): Lady sitting on a bench(mid 1870s), Seine near Port-Villeuse (1894), Poplars on Epte (1890).
Camille Pissarro (1830–1903): Small maid (1882), Self-portrait (1903), Pilots Jatt. Le Havre Cloudy morning (1903).
Alfred Sisley (1839–1899): Bridge on Sèvres(c. 1877), Path by the river. Spring(1880), etc.
Sculptures of Auguste Renoir (1841–1919) Venus the Conqueror(1914) and Edgar Degas Fourteen year old dancer (1880).
Georges Seurat (1859–1891): Le Bec do Hock (1885).
Paul Cézanne (1839–1906): Alley in Jas de Bouffan(c. 1874), Portrait of a Gardener(1906); Paul Gauguin (1848–1903): Preparation for the holiday or Tahitian pastoral (1898), Harvest. Le Pouldu (1890).
Vincent Van Gogh (1853–1890): Chair with tobacco pipe (1888), Gauguin's armchair at night lighting (1888).
Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec (1864–1901): Portrait of the artist Emil Bernard(1885), Two friends(1890s).
Sculptures by masters of the turn of the 19th–20th centuries. Auguste Rodin (1840–1917): Kiss (1901–1904), Muse(1896) and Aristide Maillol (1861–1944): Restricted movement (1906), Three nymphs (1930–1938).
Henri Matisse (1869–1954): Portrait of Andre Derain (1905), Standing nude (1907), Snail(1953) – large colored applique, as well as a series of four bronze reliefs – Nude with backs (1909-1930).
Edvard Munch (1863–1944): Sick girl(1907); Oskar Kokoschka (1886-1980): View of the Thames (1959).
Amedeo Modigliani (1884–1920): Little peasant(1917), sculpture Head(c. 1913).
Pablo Picasso (1881–1973): Woman in a chemise(c. 1905) – refers to the “blue” period; Seated nude(1909) - an example of cubism; Three dancers(1925) are written in a surreal spirit. Sculpture on display: Still life (1914), Big cock (1932).
Tate Gallery (London, UK) - exhibitions, opening hours, address, telephone numbers, official website.
- Last minute tours to the UK
Previous photo Next photo
The personal collection, once owned by the industrialist Sir Henry Tate, formed the basis of the world's largest collection of English art from the 16th to 20th centuries - the Tate Gallery. Its original name was the Gallery of British Art.
Tate Gallery exhibition
The gallery's exhibition is perfectly adapted: the works presented in it are strictly arranged in chronological order, starting from 1500, and thematic sections have been created in each time period. Systematically, approximately once a year, the set of topics changes, which increases interest in the collection presented here.
You can see many portraits in the gallery famous people and royalty, paintings that depict the life of the British from different social strata, romantic landscapes, mystical paintings, numerous engravings and watercolors. Much attention is given to the little visitors of this large gallery. Thematic lectures, educational classes, games that develop a sense of beauty - all this is carried out systematically, information can be obtained either on the website or at the entrance to the museum.
Entrance to the museum is free, with the exception of some specialized exhibitions.
Tate Modern Gallery
The year 2000 became very important in the life of the gallery: the Tate Britain collection became so extensive and diverse that it was logically divided into two exhibitions. Classic works remained in an old building on Trafalgar Square, and the contemporary art section moved to the other side of the Thames in a former power station and very quickly became a cult place modern London- and became known as the Tate Modern gallery. The huge turbine hall turned out to be an excellent space for holding various exhibitions, performances and installations. In the new room, paintings are also presented by theme, and within the themes are presented different styles and genres works of art. Here you can see all the artistic movements that have existed since the 19th century, listen to a thematic excursion and, in addition, enjoy the stunning panorama of London that opens from the windows of the cafe located on the top floor.
An interesting fact is that earning money to create a collection that started famous gallery, Henry Tate was enabled by his invention of cotton candy and the widespread sale of this children's favorite delicacy.
Location
The modern Tate Gallery is located on the south bank of the Thames on Bankside, very close to the Globe Theatre, close to Blackfriars Bridge and opposite St Paul's Cathedral.
Tate Gallery address: SW1P 4RG, London, Millbank, Tate Britain. Website: www.tate.org.uk.
Opening hours: daily 10:00-17:50, on the first Friday of every month the museum is open until 21:00. The museum is closed on December 24, 25, 26.
A dedicated boat runs every 40 minutes between the Tate Modern Gallery, the London Eye and British gallery Tate. Metro: The museum is located 600 meters from Pimlico tube station on the Victoria line, or 850 meters from Vauxhall station. Bus: The area is fairly well served big amount bus routes: 2, 3, C10, 36, 77A, 88, 159, 185, 436 and 507.
Voxol railway station is located 850 m from the museum, Victoria station is 1500 m away.
Tate Britain is rightfully considered the National Gallery artistic arts United Kingdom Great Britain. This is the storage cultural heritage English painting since the 16th century. Russian-speaking tourists know the gallery under another, unofficial name - “London's Tretyakov Gallery”.
The museum is located in Millbank, central London, 500 meters from Pimlico tube station and 800 meters from Vauxhall station. Available for visits every day from 10 to 18 hours, except for three days a year - from December 24 to 26. Admission is free, except for some thematic exhibitions.
Founding history
The gallery was first opened to visitors in July 1897 in a former prison building. It got its name from the name of its creator, Sir Henry Tait. Large industrialist, the owner of sugar factories, he based the creation of the gallery on his personal collection of works by English painters. His passion for painting began with three works of art by Walter Dandy Sadler, a master of the Victorian era.
A special position in this trio was occupied by the painting “Thursday”, with the monks depicted on the canvas, busy fishing for Friday, fast day. And today, this painting is presented for public viewing.
The building was partially destroyed during an air raid during the Second World War, but the collection was not damaged, as it was evacuated beforehand. After the restoration of the building, in 1949, the doors of the museum were reopened to grateful visitors. Initially, the idea of creating a museum was based on the desire to present works of art exclusively by English masters, but gradually others began to be exhibited here. foreign authors.
Museum today
Tate Britain is part of the Tate group of museums. There are four of them in the group: Tate Britain, Tate Modern, Clore Gallery, Tate Eves, located in Cornwall, and a branch of the gallery located in Liverpool.
Tate Britain has about 60 thousand exhibits, including paintings, engravings, and sculptures. The works of such English painters as: William Hogarth, Richard Wills, William Blake, Thomas Gainsborough, and full meeting paintings by the great William Turner.
In addition to the British, foreign masters are also represented. For the most part these are impressionists and post-impressionists: Kazemir Malevich, Claude Monet, Marc Chagall, Edgar Degas, Salvador Dali, Edvard Munch and many others. On weekends the museum hosts free excursions, there is a souvenir museum on site, where you can purchase reproductions of exhibition exhibits.
GPS coordinates: 51° 29" 27" N, 0° 07" 38" W
Address: Millbank, London SW1P 4RG
The National Art Museum contains the world's most significant collection of English art from the 16th to the 20th centuries. The main body is called Tate Britain and is located on the north bank of the Thames south of, near Vauxhall Bridge. The museum also includes another gallery of contemporary art. Tate Modern, located on the south bank of the Thames opposite.
The gallery was founded by the English sugar magnate Henry Tate on the basis of his own collection of English artists and opened on July 21, 1897 in a building designed by Sidney Smith. It also included museum paintings from South Kensington, Vernon's collection and several paintings by George Frederick Watts, provided by the artist himself.
Over time, the building was repeatedly completed and new rooms were opened for newly acquired works. In 1917, the formation of an exposition of contemporary foreign authors began. In 1988, a branch was opened in Liverpool. And in 2000, in the building of a former power station on the banks of the Thames, the Tate Modern gallery was opened, which housed works of the 20th century. After this, the old gallery was renamed Tate Britain.
IN Tate Britain gallery works of authors are presented English school for its entire period of existence, starting with John Betts ("Portrait of a Man in a Black Cap" - 1545) and Hans Holbein the Younger. Authors such as William Hogarth, Joshua Reynolds, Thomas Gainsborough, William Blake, John Constable are well represented, as well as the most complete collection of Joseph Mallord William Turner in the separate Clore Gallery.
The most significant collection of paintings by the romantics of the Victorian era, in particular the Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood: John Everett Millais (Ophelia - 1850), Dante Gabriel Rossetti (The Annunciation - 1850, Beata Beatrix - 1864), William Holman Hunt (“Claudio and Isabella” – 1850). Among the foreign authors presented are: Claude Monet, Vincent Van Gogh, Camille Pissarro, Paul Cezanne and others, as well as sculptures by Auguste Renoir, Aristide Maillol.
Concerning contemporary art gallery Tate Modern, then it contains one of the best collections of surrealism in the world: Salvador Dali, Max Ernst, Rene Magritte, Joan Miro. Significant collection of American abstract expressionism: Paul Jackson Pollock, Mark Rothko (Rothko Room with nine Seagram murals). Contemporary English painting is represented by the works of Stanley Spencer, Ben Nicholson, Paul Nash, Francis Bacon, Andy Warhol and others. Russian artists are also widely represented: Naum Gabo, Wassily Kandinsky, Kazimir Malevich.
In 1897, the Tate Gallery was opened, which is considered one of the largest collections of English small art ice age(16-20 centuries). The gallery received its name in honor of its creator, Sir Henry Tate. As the British Sugar King, he supported many talented artists. Great amount Henry acquired the works of painters for himself. Soon his collection took place of honor in the gallery of British art, where over sixty thousand magnificent works are collected.
Today the Tate Gallery is a wonderful combination of painting, sculpture, and engraving. The museum building consists of two parts, one of which is the Tate Britain gallery, which is also called the old Tate Gallery (the second part of the building is the modern gallery).
During the Second World War, the museum was badly damaged, but the collection was preserved (it was evacuated in advance). Visitors saw it again in 1949. The Tate Britain collection is a collection of paintings that dates back to early XVI century. Visiting the halls of the old gallery, each guest has the opportunity not only to enjoy English painting, but also to learn about the main stages and features of the artistic life of this period.
The paintings in the gallery rooms are presented in chronological order and divided according to theme. Topics may change periodically, which helps to increase interest in the museum. Here you can see romantic paintings, mystical engravings, and author's fantasies. A separate building of the museum houses the Turner collection, which includes more than 300 paintings. The museum is also popular among young visitors, because within its walls there are fascinating excursions for children, as well as paintings that “come to life” (most paintings are accompanied by sound effects).
Story
Almost all art museums London began with private collections, sold or donated to him under certain conditions. Such acquisitions constitute the main source of growth in the number of works of art for everyone art galleries. Owners who donate their collections to museums often stipulate the procedure for their storage and placement. This prevents the museum from creating a unified composition by bringing together paintings by the same masters or schools. Sometimes the conditions of collection owners are reflected in the profile of an art museum.
This can be attributed to the Tate Gallery, where at the heart of the museum is a collection of paintings by wealthy industrialist Henry Tate. At his expense, in 1897, the first exhibition halls. The opening of the museum took place on July 21 of the same year. The first visitors walked through the halls on August 16th.
The Tate collection consisted of 67 works contemporary time of English artists and three sculptures. Among the paintings were works by Leighton, Millais, Ochardson and others. In 1910, rooms were added to accommodate Turner's landscapes. According to the artist's will, his paintings were to be exhibited together. This became an incentive to purchase paintings English classics. The gallery grew rapidly through the acquisition of art collections through the National Trust, created in 1903. Paintings came as gifts from private individuals, as well as from the funds of the National Gallery. The museum very soon became the largest in terms of area occupied by exhibitions.
Since 1915, the Tate Gallery gradually began to transform from a gallery of modern English art into a gallery of English art of all periods. This new status was approved by the government of the country on March 24, 1917. In this regard, the National Gallery transferred more than 200 paintings by English artists to this museum.
In the 1980s The Tate Gallery's premises were significantly expanded. In particular, on the north-eastern side, halls were built for the collection of modern art. The National Collection of English Paintings is housed in the halls of the left half of the gallery.
For the life of England in the 16th century. characterized by a rapid rise in culture and art, which was favored by the political and economic conditions prevailing in the country. Absolute monarchy established under the Tudors (Henry VII and Henry VIII) contributed to the unity of the nation and economic development England. Under Elizabeth I, the country's international position also strengthened. The evolution of English art took its own path, different from the development of art on the continent. Henry VIII's Reformation freed England from papal Rome, creating a new Anglican Church and destroying the monasteries.
As a result, the power of the clergy was weakened and ideals came first secular culture. In painting, the expression of the prevailing living conditions was found in the portrait. This was the only genre of painting cultivated by the authorities, which served to exalt the king and glorify the court nobility. During the reign of the Tudors, leading positions in painting belonged to foreign masters invited to the English court. But despite the fact that they contributed their artistic images and techniques, the features of the English national art school were already clearly visible.
The Tate Gallery has a portrait of Elizabeth I by the English portraitist Nicholas Hilliard. The queen's face is interpreted somewhat flatly. The artist focuses on the fine detailing of the ornament of her vestment. These features, characteristic of English artists of the Elizabethan period, can be traced in the work of other portrait painters.
A real revolution in the art of English portraiture was made by the famous Fleming Anthony Van Dyck. He was invited to court in 1632 by Charles I, and the painter lived in England for the last 9 years of his life. During this time, he painted more than 300 paintings, among which there are true masterpieces known throughout the world. The traditions of liveliness established by the artist were preserved until the 18th century. One of Van Dyck's most beautiful portraits is “The Lady of the Spencer Family.” The viewer is delighted by the elegance and grace of the woman, her majestic dignity. The artist skillfully emphasized the subtle beauty of the woman and the elegance of her outfit, depicting with a light brush the delicate shades of a luxurious blue dress. IN late XVII V. The Restoration era began in England. Charles II, the son of the executed Charles I, sat on the throne. During these years, the leading portrait painter of England was Van Dyck's student, the Dutchman Peter Lely. He was a wonderful draftsman with excellent taste and a sense of color.
In the 18th century a national school of painting was formed in the country, from which came true masters who made the glory of English visual arts. The most colorful figure among artists of the first half of the 18th century. was William Hogarth. He wrote satirical paintings, historical paintings, wonderful portraits. Hogarth is also known as the author of the treatise “The Analysis of Beauty”, where the artist acted as an art theorist. The Tate Gallery houses first-class works by Hogarth. “Self-Portrait with a Dog” is considered one of his masterpieces. The solution to this canvas is somewhat unusual. Oval portrait stands on stacks of books by the artist’s favorite authors - Shakespeare, Milton, Swift. Next to the portrait sits the faithful dog Trump, Hogarth’s friend, and the artist’s palette lies. All depicted objects are in complete harmony with each other and emphasize the most important detail in the picture is the artist's face. Hogarth's self-portrait was originally included in National Gallery together with the Angerstain collection, and it was transferred to the Tate Gallery along with other works by English artists. The paintings “Portrait of Servants” and “The Wedding Ball” are considered the pinnacle of Hogarth’s work.
Leading artist of the second half of the 18th century. Joshua Reynolds spoke, becoming the first president of the Royal Academy of Arts, which he founded in 1768. Reynolds left England portrait gallery all the prominent people of that time. The Tate Gallery houses 35 works by this remarkable painter.
A bright page in the history of English portrait painting entered by Thomas Gainsborough. In addition, he was a master of landscape and was considered the most English artist of all. Most interesting works Gainsborough's original portraits are in landscape. An example of this genre is “Portrait of Vicar John Chafee Playing the Cello in the Park.” The picture was painted with great sympathy, since Gainsborough himself loved music and had great respect for other musicians. The figure of the vicar is located close to the left edge of the canvas, and true English nature is depicted on the right. Gainsborough was particularly successful female portraits. Among the best are portraits of the ballerina Giovanna Baccelli and the artist’s daughter Mary.
Joseph Mallord William Turner and John Constable revolutionized the field landscape painting. In Turner's paintings, the main elements are light and air, and reality is intricately intertwined with romantic symbolism. A significant event for cultural life London was the opening in April 1987 of a new wing of the gallery - the Clore Gallery, built specifically to house a huge collection of Turner's paintings. And this is neither more nor less - 300 oil paintings and more than 20 thousand drawings and watercolors. All of them creative path great English artist. Museum visitors are amazed by Turner’s brilliant talent, who managed to penetrate the depths of the seas, reveal the secrets of typhoons and storms, and learn to convey the radiant sunlight.
John Constable, in love with the nature of his native England, created paintings glorifying the poetic beauty of the surrounding world. He tried to reveal the charm of English nature in every manifestation. Among the masters of English painting listed above there are not many names; it is simply not possible to talk about them all in a short text. The modern collection of the gallery consists of two exhibitions, one of which includes paintings and graphics of the English school from the 16th century. to this day, and the other is dedicated Western European painting and sculpture late XIX- beginning of the 20th century
Next to the Impressionist paintings in the gallery you can see rare sculptural works Renoir, Matisse and Degas, whom many know only as painters. Several halls house works by painters of the latest trends in contemporary art.
The Tate Gallery became not only the largest repository of works of art, but also an important scientific center. Peruvian gallery specialists belong to serious research in the field of art history. The gallery constantly hosts exhibitions and various events related to the life and work of various artists, and there are clubs for children. More than 2 million people pass through the halls of the gallery every year.
