Director as a profession. Stage director: role, rights

In cinematography and theatre, the leading role is given not to actors or producers, but to directors. It is he who is entrusted with responsibility for the final result, and it is in relation to him that the highest demands are made.

In recent years, domestic cinema is undergoing a revival. The society is regularly presented with new films that can rightly be considered masterpieces of the film industry. In this regard, the demand for people with creative specialties who will be able to maintain the achieved level and continue the development of art is increasing.

Who is the director?

– a specialist who manages a set of key processes on film sets, stages, circus arenas and other theatrical and concert events. He interprets the script and has a complete understanding of how a particular scene needs to be played to make the plot look as realistic as possible.

The profession of director arose relatively recently - at the end of the 19th century. Of course, the need for people coordinating actors and working on staging performances appeared in an earlier period, namely during the formation of the theater. However, at that time, theater troupes mainly managed on their own, so the number of such specialists was limited.

The idea of directing in its modern presentation belongs to the German and French theater - it consists in the formation of an ensemble and the subordination of the entire performance to a single concept.

Emergence and rapid cinema development caused not only an increase in the popularity of the profession, but also the range of responsibilities assigned to directors, which would be quite difficult for one person to cope with. This determined the need to highlight narrower areas:

The production director is an experienced professional who heads the entire team and is responsible for the result of its work. He selects actors, corrects their performance, and makes amendments to the script.
The director has the second most important level after the production director and, in fact, is his assistant, who learns from him and gains experience. He is involved in major projects and is given responsibility for selecting extras and filming minor scenes.
An assistant director is the lowest level of the profession and at the same time a good start for career growth. Despite the fact that he is “in the wings” and does not perform any important functions, many graduates of educational institutions begin their activities in this position.
The sound engineer is improving the quality of voices. He expresses his expert opinion on what exactly needs to be said and with what intonation so that the sound matches the picture as closely as possible and evokes certain emotions in the audience.
The editing director is an expert who combines individual episodes into a single, complete picture. In his work, he is guided by the recommendations of the chief director and works with him, selecting the best scenes from the footage.

A theater director has a completely different specificity of work. Theater productions require special training and skills. The acting, the script, the scenery - everything must be built flawlessly, since in the theater the director will not have the opportunity to shoot another take that the audience will like.

Depending on the type of specialization, the main responsibilities of a director may vary, but the most important aspects of the job include:

interaction with screenwriters, producers and other participants in the process;
distribution of roles, control and staging of actors' performances;
lighting adjustments;
viewing the footage and highlighting the best shots;
making changes to the script;
instructions regarding the appearance of actors;
resolving controversial situations and maintaining an appropriate work environment, etc.

It should be noted that directors are unique specialists. Often they can combine work with related professions and act as producers, screenwriters, and actors. In this case, the range of their responsibilities expands significantly.

What personal qualities should a director have?

To unleash their creative potential and achieve success in their careers, directors have to work hard and put in a lot of effort. Therefore, it is very important for them to be purposeful, hardworking, strong-willed people.

As in others creative professions, in their activities they must be creative and have a broad outlook.
A high level of intellectual development, erudition and imaginative thinking are constant companions in the work of directors.
Curiosity and a desire for self-development are required to increase experience and better understand the profession.
Since people in this profession have a large number of employees under their command, they must have leadership qualities and be sociable.
The ability to organize work and find compromise solutions in problem situations is the key to a favorable atmosphere in the workplace.
Objectivity and observation will also be useful on the creative path, which will allow you to give a correct assessment of what is happening and choose the right direction.

Advantages of being a director

The director gets great pleasure from the opportunity to self-realize and bring his ideas to life, which, if successful, will be recognized by the public, and he will gain popularity and recognition.

High-level specialists do not need to look for work - she finds them herself. Majority famous directors are very much in demand and receive large fees, the amount of which is usually not disclosed. Naturally, the level of their salary directly depends on the scale of the projects, but, basically, they can independently set the amount of remuneration for their work.

The profession is very exciting, due to the fact that directors travel very often and participate in various events. In addition to the opportunity to see the world, an equally attractive aspect of the job is meeting famous people and making connections, which will undoubtedly be of great benefit.

Disadvantages of being a director

The main disadvantages of the profession include the low probability that a specialist will be able to achieve success in his career. For beginning directors it's quite difficult. Lack of experience and a recognizable “name” often means lack of work. A significant part of sponsors choose only famous personalities for their projects, who will certainly be able to create a masterpiece. Of course, you can start your career by working on small projects, but in this case you won’t have to count on a substantial reward. And there are no guarantees that in the future you will be able to get into the major leagues.

Being a director means not only entertainment and loud parties in honor of the premiere, but also hard work. This work most often does not provide for a standardized schedule and scheduled vacation. It's not uncommon for directors to work late into the night or around the clock until they achieve the desired result.

Very often directors experience stress and are in a state of increased psycho-emotional stress, which can have an extremely negative impact on their health. Also, do not forget that the main share of success in the creative profession is associated with inspiration. Depression, apathy and stress are unlikely to lead to the creation of something worth attention.

Where can I get a job as a director?

It is impossible to master the profession of a director on your own or with the help of special courses. Although studying the basic principles of directing self-education will not bring harm; you can become a real specialist only by receiving an appropriate higher education.

Today, in most Russian cities there is at least one university that trains directors. Many universities are for-profit, but there are also plenty of state universities where you can get this profession. All educational institutions offer training primarily on a paid basis, with a minimum number of budget places, and it is very difficult to enroll in them. Applicants are selected according to strict criteria, the main one of which, however, remains talent.

Future employment largely depends on the choice of university, since in this profession the prestige of the university plays an important role. The most popular educational institutions among employers include:

Image sources: macdigger.ru, tvkinoradio.ru, vnews.agency, severinform.ru

Stage director

Job responsibilities. Carries out the production of new and capitally renewed productions in the quantity determined by the employment contract, ensuring their artistic level. Submits proposals to the management of the performing arts organization regarding the composition of production groups in its productions. Together with the production designer, he submits sketches and mock-ups of the stage design of his production for approval by the management or artistic council of the organization. Conducts rehearsals, manages the work of the production team and the artistic and production workers participating in the rehearsals. Carries out planned, urgent and emergency introductions of new performers into previously staged performances (performances). Ensures compliance with production and creative discipline during performances, rehearsals, and classes. In accordance with the procedure established in the organization, he is on duty at performances (concerts, performances). Takes direct part in organizing and conducting events to improve the professional skills of the organization’s creative workers, in work to promote the performing arts, aimed at expanding the audience.

Must know: laws and other regulatory legal acts of the Russian Federation relating to the activities of performing arts organizations; theory and practice of directing and acting; the basics of stage and musical design of productions, vocal, choral and choreographic art; history of domestic and world theater, music, circus, and other types of arts and literature; the state of modern domestic and foreign theatrical art and other types of performing arts; modern and classical dramaturgy; fundamentals of management, management psychology, sociology of art, stage technology, economics and management in the field of performing arts, labor legislation; Copyright; internal labor regulations; labor protection and fire safety rules.

Qualification requirements.

Director-producer of the highest category - higher professional education (culture and art) and work experience of at least 5 years as a director-producer of the first category.

Stage director of the first category - higher professional education (culture and art) without any requirements for work experience.

Media, entertainment in the form of films, shows, plays, theater productions and the like have become a part of our lives. Now we cannot even imagine how we would live and have fun if there were no television and theater. But someone comes up with all these productions and films, develops the script, and embodies what was planned in the actors’ performances. This is the profession we will talk about in this article.

In any movie, show or production, the profession “Director” appears. A certain job description is hidden under the mysterious name. Although a person who is far from the industry of filmmaking understands the director’s list of actions quite vaguely. Or perhaps it doesn’t represent him at all. So, what kind of profession is a director?

In fact, the director is the most important person in the film. It is on him that the acting, the presence and type of scenery, the quality of the film, the correctly selected cast, the composition of screenwriters, voice acting, special effects, and so on depend. The profession of "Director" involves continuous communication with and management of many people. Without him, there would be chaos and complete misunderstanding between people on the site.

Profession "Director": description

This profession is very complex, capacious, but also exciting. The director can be compared to the conductor of an orchestra. It is he who directs the actions of all the specialists who are on the set. His task is to achieve productivity in the interactions of people, to coordinate the sequence and necessity of performing different tasks, to convey to the creative staff what exactly is required from whom, and most importantly - in what time frame and in what form. The profession of "Director" is the most important in the field of cinema and theatrical productions. It is thanks to these people that truly exciting and fascinating masterpieces of world cinema and productions are presented to our attention.

History of the profession

The history of the “Director” profession is not as long as one might assume. It appeared only in the second half of the nineteenth century. Before this, there was no such position. It would seem, how did theaters function then? In those days, performances were staged either by the authors of the works themselves or by the acting troupe together. The need for directors arose with the increase in the number of theaters, as well as with the advent of the film industry.

Demand for the profession

The profession of "Film Director" is one of the most prestigious at the moment. Making your way to the big screens, working on films that will subsequently be seen by millions of people, is the cherished dream of many people who have connected their lives with directing. However, not everyone can really reach such heights. At the moment, a director can engage not only in film editing, but also accompany holidays and concerts of various sizes, stage plays in theaters, work with a group of animators, and so on. So, we can say that the demand is average. In big cinema there is almost none of it, and in very modest circles there is enough of it, but there are not enough people willing to work from time to time, and even for a small remuneration.

Human qualities

In order to get a good position in this profession, you must have a set of certain human qualities. The profession of “Film Editing and Theater Director” is exclusively creative. A candidate director must have an exceptional sense of beauty. Bring the actors' performance to a perfect level, feel the temporary components of the production, see what additional and main effects are needed, lighting, sequence of actions, and so on. The director must see the picture as a whole and at the same time in parts, so as not to lose sight of any important detail. In addition, communication skills must be well developed. Still, you will have to constantly work with a huge number of different people, explain to them their tasks, and find an approach to everyone.

Director's skills and abilities

You can learn the profession of director at colleges, academies, universities, cultural and cinematographic institutes. At least one of them in any city provides the opportunity to learn this craft. The profession of "Theater and Film Director" requires excellent knowledge of both foreign and national, both modern and historical. The director must understand genres and be able to correctly express his thoughts, both orally and in writing. Developed oratory and competent speech are important. No director can achieve anything in this matter without leadership data. Imagination, broad outlook, personal artistry, the ability to quickly make the most unexpected decisions - all this must be possessed by a director. The specifics of the profession require constant improvement of this data.

Director's responsibilities

This person is responsible for selecting the script, reading it, and correcting it. His tasks include collaborating with screenwriters and producers and finding funds for the film adaptation. director" and "film director" imply direct participation in the production and organization of a film adaptation or theatrical performance. These people select suitable candidates for a particular role, carry out preparatory work with them, explain the essence of the future role, the nuances of the game, and set the time for filming and rehearsals. At the final stage, the director’s responsibilities include checking the proper level at all stages of the work. He needs to make sure of the quality of the sound, lighting, music, scenery, work of stylists, etc. The director includes the most important co-operator of all representatives on the set. he is the organizer, manager and manager all rolled into one. His tasks include promoting his brainchild, advertising, selling to cinemas or theaters. Without his active participation, no one will ever hear about the new masterpiece.

Most famous universities

Almost all Russian directors are graduates of two famous Moscow universities. This is the All-Russian State Institute of Cinematography named after S.A. Gerasimova (VGIK) and These two universities have produced many creative and talented individuals. It's quite difficult to get there. And most likely, you will have to study on a paid basis. There are only 5-8 budget places available. But the prospects that these educational institutions give their students are worth the money they have to pay for education. Education and the fame of the place in which it was received is a very important moment in the career of a public person.

Pros and cons of being a director

The work of a director is quite labor-intensive and requires full dedication from a person. In order to get to a more or less enviable position, you will have to work a lot. Sometimes even for days on end. Look for opportunities, find and make useful contacts, keep in touch with many necessary people at the same time. In addition, you will have to invest a lot of emotions and your own feelings into the creative process and the process of conveying your point of view to the people around you. You will have to work a lot, for a long time, persistently and not always with good pay. In order to get a good project, you may have to go through several free competitions. But if the plan is realized, respect, position in society and the material side of the issue will not fail to please.

Salary expectations

You can start your career with Depending on the total cost of the project, the salary of assistants ranges from twenty thousand to forty. Directors and producers of various large-scale conferences and exhibitions, various presentations designed for a large number of participants, can receive a salary of seventy to two hundred thousand rubles per project.

It is quite difficult to estimate average salaries for this profession. Successful directors can earn millions for their films, and ordinary industry representatives involved in low-budget films and productions can really work for pennies. In the theater, the director can receive either a percentage of the proceeds for the entire performance or a clearly fixed salary. The salary usually in such cases ranges from thirty-five to fifty thousand rubles per month. The interest rate may be more favorable, but it does not promise stability.

DIRECTOR(French régisseur, from Latin rego - manage), creative worker in spectacular arts (theater, cinema, television, circus, stage). The director stages a play (dramatization, opera, ballet, concert or circus program) on the stage. In modern performing arts, he is often called a stage director or simply a stage director. The director who directs the creative work of the entire theater (or other entertainment group) is called the chief director.

The functions of a director in a modern theater are extremely large and varied: he carries out the entire range of work on organizing both the creative and technical process of preparing a performance or program.

The first stage of the director's work on a play is the birth of a general concept and the creation of a stage version of the play (often jointly with the playwright). After this, the director forms a production team, identifying candidates for a set designer, costume designer, composer, choreographer (if necessary, also an assistant director; lighting designer; director of stage movement, fights and battles; choirmaster; lyricist, etc. ). Based on the total volume of work and prepared sketches, with the direct participation of the director, a financial estimate for the performance is drawn up (including for the production of all material parts). At the same time, the director determines the performing actors (i.e., distributes roles) and appoints an assistant director who is responsible for the technical organization of the rehearsal and production process and recording all stages of work on the performance.

Further, the director’s work consists of several directions. On the one hand, this is general coordination and control of the activities of all members of the production team (with artists - creating a layout of the scenery and costume designs; with the composer - determining the general concept of the musical design of the performance; with movement specialists - developing the plastic score of the performance; etc. ). The director’s task is to achieve the integrity of all components, combining them in a single creative solution. Therefore, each stage of the work of all members of the production team is approved by the director. At the same time, the most important part of the preparation of the performance begins - rehearsals, the work of the director with the actors, aimed at developing the talent of the performers in relation to each role and the entire production as a whole.

There is a common expression in the theater: “the director dies in the actors.” In practice, this often means that the director is blamed for all the production shortcomings of the play; Artists are praised for successful performances. In fact, the success or failure of any of the components of the performance (including all acting work) is determined primarily by the director, the main driving force of the creative process and the main co-author of the performance. Based on this, it is clear that the director must not only be a good organizer, but also have the broadest erudition and skills of almost all theatrical professions - from acting to the technological process of making scenery; from a thorough knowledge of the technical capabilities of the theater’s sound, lighting and editing equipment to economic literacy; from masterly mastery of communication techniques and the ability to create a favorable psychological atmosphere in the production team to the practical skills of pedagogical and scientific activities necessary in studying the stage history of the chosen play and in working with actors, etc.

Therefore, university preparation and training in the profession of a director consists of many academic disciplines that are urgently needed in future work: the skill of a director and an actor; scenic speech ; dance; stage movement; history of theater, literature, painting, music, dance and other arts; fundamentals of economics and psychology; material part of the theater, etc.

Tatiana Shabalina

The main task of the director is to stage the script given to him, be it a script for a film, a variety concert program, television and radio programs, a circus performance, or an opera. The success of, for example, a film depends on the talent of the director. If the director is experienced, smart, and thinks in an original way, then this will allow him to accurately convey the idea, the atmosphere of the script, and he can also add something of his own, the so-called author’s style.

In auteur films, absolutely nothing prevents the director from making the film the way he wants, from showing his vision of this or that action or problem. In commercial films, the producer monitors the director's performance. Here the director is a little limited in his imagination.

Notes

Wikimedia Foundation. 2010.

Synonyms:

See what “Producer” is in other dictionaries:

Noun, number of synonyms: 3 director (5) director (14) director director (1) ASIS synonym dictionary. V.N. Trishin... Synonym dictionary

Stage director, production director... Spelling dictionary-reference book

DIRECTOR OF THE PERFORMANCE- a person who staged a theatrical, circus, puppet, variety or other performance (performance) ... Legal encyclopedia

Stage director of the play- a person who staged a theatrical, circus, puppet, variety or other performance (performance). Law of the Russian Federation dated 07/09/93 N 5351 I, Art. 4 ... Dictionary of legal concepts

Pornographer, director Dictionary of Russian synonyms. director director Dictionary of synonyms of the Russian language. Practical guide. M.: Russian language. Z. E. Alexandrova. 2011… Synonym dictionary

Co-producer, choreographer, director, choreographer Dictionary of Russian synonyms. director see director Dictionary of synonyms of the Russian language. Practical guide. M.: Russian language. Z. E. Alexandrova ... Synonym dictionary

director- DIRECTOR, producer... Dictionary-thesaurus of synonyms of Russian speech

- (French from Latin regere to edit, direct). In theater troupes, the person in charge of the production of plays, distributing roles between actors, etc. Dictionary of foreign words included in the Russian language. Chudinov A.N., 1910. DIRECTOR face,... ... Dictionary of foreign words of the Russian language

DIRECTOR (French regisseur, from Latin regere to manage), in cinema the director of a film. Brings the script to life on screen, directing the joint work of actors, cameraman, artist, composer, etc. involved in the creation of the film. Usually the director's... Encyclopedia of Cinema

Director (French régisseur, from Latin rego I manage) director of a play, film, pop concert program, television and radio programs, circus performance, opera. Cecil is considered to be the first director in cinema... ... Wikipedia

Books

Petty Demon (DVD), Dostal Nikolay. Stage director: Nikolay Dostal Scriptwriter: Georgy Nikolaev Director of photography: Valery Shuvalov Production designers: Leonid Platov, Andrey Platov Composers: Nikolay...