Presentation on the Moscow Art Exhibition on the topic "Venetian school of painting." School encyclopedia Lesson summary Venetian school of painting

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The largest architect of Venice was Andrea Palladio (1508-1580), whose style is distinguished by perfection in the construction of ancient orders, natural completeness and strict orderliness of compositions, clarity and expediency of planning, and the connection of architectural structures with the surrounding nature.

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Doge's Palace in Venice

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Doge's Palace in Venice

The palace housed not only the home quarters of the head of the city, the Doge. But also city and courtrooms, a prison. And also the gigantic Sala del Maggiorio Consiglio - the residence of the elected people's representatives of the Venetian parliament.

The openwork pattern in the form of a lattice gives an oriental impression, but opening the façade through arcades already had a long tradition in Venice, reaching its peak in the construction of late Gothic palaces.

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Ca d'Oro. Venice. 1421-1440

“The Golden House” - this is how Ca d'Oro is translated - one of the oldest buildings in Venice. It was built by order of Mariino Contarini, prosecutor of the Cathedral of San Marco. Its name arose because initially the ornament and sculptural decorations were gilded. The impression was further enhanced by the fact that the house, shining with blue and red colors, was reflected in the waters of the canal.

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Giovanni Bellini (c. 1430-1516)

Giovanni Bellini (c. 1430-1516) is rightfully considered the founder of the Venetian school of painting, whose style is distinguished by refined nobility and radiant color. He created many paintings depicting Madonnas, simple and serious, a little thoughtful and always sad. He owns a number of portraits of his contemporaries - eminent citizens of Venice who dreamed of seeing themselves captured on the canvases of the great master.

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Take a closer look at the extremely expressive features of Doge Leonardo Loredano, head of the government of the Republic of Venice. Concentrated and calm, the Doge is depicted in great detail - from the deep wrinkles on his aged face to the rich brocade of his clothes. Thin facial features and tightly compressed lips betray the isolation of his nature. The cold tones of the ceremonial vestments stand out clearly against the azure background. The artist masterfully managed to embody the features of a man who went down in history as a persecutor of science and enlightenment.

• Giovanni Bellini.
• Portrait of Doge Leonardo Loredano. 1501g
• National Gallery, London

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Bellini had many students to whom he generously passed on his rich creative experience. Among them, two artists stood out in particular - Giorgione and Titian.

The life of Giorgione (1476/1477-1510), shrouded in mystery, was short and bright. In skill he competed with Leonardo himself. According to Vasari,

“nature endowed him with a talent so light and happy, his color in oil and fresco was sometimes lively and bright, sometimes soft and even and so shaded in transitions from light; to the shadow that many of the then masters recognized him as an artist born to breathe life into figures...”

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Giorgione. Judith. 1502 g

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The beautiful and meek Judith is not at all warlike. Her gaze is turned to the ground, and in her humble pose there is no hint of cruelty or violence. On the contrary, she is perceived as personifying the highest justice and mercy.

Has the artist really forgotten about the biblical story? The only thing that reminds of him is the creepy trophy that Judith carefully tramples under her foot! We find it hard to believe that this woman could commit such a brutal murder. Judith does not enjoy the victory, but closed her eyes and listens, smiling slightly at the corners of her lips. This spiritualized image has everything: tenderness and dignity, meekness and regret, inner strength and charm.

The mood of the picture is enhanced by the lyrical landscape. A gentle airy background, a barely pink morning sky, a powerful tree trunk cut off by the edge of the frame, and carefully drawn vegetation are designed to create an elegiac mood and draw attention to the psychological aspect of the biblical legend.

Giorgione. Judith. 1502

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A true masterpiece of Giorgione’s work is “Sleeping Venus” - one of the most perfect female images of the Renaissance. In the middle of a hilly meadow, the ancient goddess of love and beauty, Venus, lies on a dark red blanket.

Giorgione. Sleeping Venus. 1507"-1508

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Giorgione. Sleeping Venus. 1507"-1508. Art gallery, Dresden

She sleeps peacefully. The picture of nature gives a special sublimity and chastity to this image. Behind Venus, on the horizon, there is a spacious sky with white clouds, a low ridge of blue mountains, a gentle path leading to a hill overgrown with vegetation. The sheer cliff, the bizarre profile of the hill, echoing the contours of the figure of the goddess, a group of seemingly uninhabited buildings, grass and flowers in the meadow were carefully created by the artist. Looking at this picture, I want to repeat after A.S. Pushkin:

Everything in it is harmony, everything is marvelous, Everything is above the world and passions. She rests bashfully in her solemn beauty.

Inspired by Giorgione's "Sleeping Venus", artists of different generations - Titian and Durer, Poussin and Velazquez, Rembrandt and Rubens, Gauguin and Manet - created their works on this subject.

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The artistic world of Titian

Spanish artist of the 17th century. Diego Velazquez wrote:

“In Venice - all the perfection of beauty! I give first place to painting, of which Titian is the standard-bearer.”

Titian lived a long (almost a century!) life (1477-1576) and won worldwide fame along with other titans of the High Renaissance. His contemporaries were Columbus and Copernicus, Shakespeare and Giordano Bruno. At the age of nine he was sent to a mosaicist's workshop, studied in Venice with Bellini, and later became Giorgione's assistant. The creative heritage of the artist, who had an ebullient temperament and amazing hard work, is extensive. Working in a variety of genres, he managed to express the spirit and mood of his era.

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Titian. Self-portrait. 1567-1568 Prado, Madrid

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What was Titian like? Look at his self-portrait (1567-1568), made at the age of 90. We see a tall old man with large, masculine features. He slouched slightly under the weight of his dark, folded clothing. A narrow strip of collar cuts like a ray into a lush silver beard. The black cap emphasizes the intensity of his strong profile. The fingers of the right hand gently squeeze the fragile hand. Undoubtedly, before us is an active, creative nature, full of thirst for life. The artist leaned forward, as if peering into the face of his interlocutor. The penetrating gaze of a man wise by life experience is majestic and calm. The black robe is rich and elegant, it harmoniously combines with the silver color scheme of the overall color.

A great many studies have been written about Titian's mastery of color.

Self-portrait. 67-1568 Prado, Madrid

“In color he has no equal... he keeps pace with nature itself. In his paintings, color competes and plays with shadows, as happens in nature itself” (L. Dolce).

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"Venus of Urbino"

Venus of Urbino, 1538

Gallery. Uffizi, Florence

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“Venus of Urbino” is a true masterpiece of the artist. Contemporaries said about this painting that Titian, unlike Giorgione, under whose influence he was undoubtedly, “opened the eyes of Venus and we saw the wet gaze of a woman in love, promising great happiness.” Indeed, he glorified the radiant beauty of a woman, painting her in the interior of a rich Venetian house. In the background, two maids are busy with household chores: they are taking toiletries for their mistress out of a large chest. At the feet of Venus, curled up in a ball, a small dog is dozing. Everything is ordinary, simple and natural, and at the same time sublimely symbolic.

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The face of a woman lying on a sleeping bed is beautiful. Proudly and calmly, she looks straight at the viewer, not at all embarrassed by her dazzling beauty. There are almost no shadows on her body, and the crumpled sheet only emphasizes the graceful slenderness and warmth of her elastic body. The red fabric under the sheet, the red curtain, the red clothes of one of the maids, and carpets of the same color create a hot and vibrant color.

The picture is full of symbolism. Venus is the goddess of marital love, many details speak about this. A vase with myrtle on the window symbolizes constancy, a rose in Venus’s hand is a sign of long-term love, and a dog curled up at her feet is a traditional symbol of fidelity.

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"Penitent Mary Magdalene"

Titian’s painting “The Penitent Mary Magdalene” depicts a great sinner who once washed the feet of Christ with her tears and was generously forgiven by him. From then on, until the death of Jesus, Mary Magdalene did not leave him. She told people about his miraculous Resurrection. Putting aside the book of Holy Scripture, she prays earnestly, turning her gaze to heaven. Her tear-stained face, waves of thick flowing hair, the expressive gesture of a beautiful hand pressed to her chest, simple clothes were painted by the artist with special care and skill. A glass jug and a skull are depicted nearby - a symbolic reminder of the transience of earthly life and death. The gloomy stormy sky, rocky mountains and trees swaying from the wind emphasize the drama of what is happening.

Penitent Mary Magdalene. Around 1565 State Hermitage Museum, St. Petersburg

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“Portrait of a Young Man with a Glove” is one of Titian’s best creations. The prevailing strict, dark tones are designed to enhance the feeling of anxiety and tension. The hands and face caught in the light allow you to take a closer look at the person being portrayed. Undoubtedly, before us is a spiritualized personality, which is characterized by intelligence, nobility at the same time - the bitterness of doubts and disappointments. In the eyes of the young man there is an anxious thought about life, the mental turmoil of a brave and determined man. A tense look “inward” indicates a tragic discord of the soul, a painful search for one’s “I.”

In the last years of his life, having perfectly mastered the element of color, Titian worked in a special manner. Here's how one of his students talked about it:

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Titian worked in a special manner. Here's how one of his students talked about it:

“Titian covered his canvases with a mass of paint, as if serving ... as a foundation for what he wanted to express in the future. I myself have seen such energetically made underpaintings, executed with a thickly saturated brush, either in a pure red tone, which was intended to outline the halftone, or with white. With the same brush, dipping it in red, then black, then yellow paint, he developed the relief illuminated parts. With the same great skill, with the help of only four colors, he evoked from oblivion the promise of a beautiful figure... He made the final retouches with light blows of his fingers, smoothing out the transitions from the brightest highlights to halftones and rubbing one tone into another. Sometimes with the same with his finger he applied a thick shadow in some corner to enhance this place... Towards the end he truly painted more with his fingers than with a brush.”

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Semenkova Natalya Stanislavovna

Municipal educational institution "Sosnovskaya Secondary School"

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10th grade student S. Monko

The Renaissance Art Presentation contains information and slides on this topic.

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Features of the art of the Renaissance The presentation was made by a student of the 10th grade of Municipal Educational Institution Secondary School No. 2 Stanislav Monko

Renaissance (Renaissance) Renaissance - from French “Renaissance” Revival of antiquity An era of intellectual and artistic flowering that began in Italy in the 14th century, reaching its peak in the 16th century

Ideas of the Renaissance: Humanism (the humanistic ideal of a free, developed individual, capable of self-improvement) The idea of ​​national art Utopia (the image of an ideal world)

The great ancient experience of philosophy and art has been revived, and above all, the idea that “man is the measure of all things.” Renaissance literature painting architecture

Literature of the Renaissance The main representatives of the Renaissance in literature: Dante Alighieri Francesco Petrarch William Shakespeare Miguel de Cervantes

Development of genres during the Renaissance Early: Middle: Late: sonnet novel essay short story drama

Dante Alighieri (1265 – 1321) Italian poet, creator of the Italian literary language. The pinnacle of Dante's work is the poem "The Divine Comedy" (published in 1472) in three parts ("Hell", "Purgatory", "Paradise")

Francesco Petrarch (1304 – 1374) Italian poet, humanist, researcher of antiquity. Petrarch is the founder of the humanistic culture of the Renaissance, along with Dante, the creator of the Italian literary language. Francesco Petrarch is the creator of sonnets.

Aphorisms and quotes by Francesco Petrarch To be able to express how much you love means to love little. He who has many vices has many rulers. Seeking power for peace and security means climbing a volcano in order to shelter from a storm.

William Shakespeare (1564 - 1616) English playwright, poet of the Renaissance.

Genres of Shakespeare's works: Chronicles (“Richard II”) Comedies (“The Taming of the Shrew”) Tragedies (“Romeo and Juliet”) Tragicomedies (“Pericles, Prince of Tire”)

Miguel de Cervantes (1547-1616) The greatest writer of Spain. Author of one of the first novels in the modern sense, “The Cunning Hidalgo Don Quixote of La Mancha”

Renaissance painting The main representatives of Renaissance painting: Leonardo da Vinci Vecellio Titian Albrecht Durer

Leonardo da Vinci (1452 - 1519) Italian painter, sculptor, scientist, engineer and architect of the Renaissance.

Famous works of Leonardo da Vinci “La Gioconda” “Lady with an ermine”

Vecellio Titian (1485 – 1576) “The King of Painters and the Painter of Kings” was called Titian Vecellio, one of the greatest masters of world painting. His art is the most striking phenomenon of the Venetian school of the Italian Renaissance.

The famous works of Titian Vecellio “Penitent Mary “Flora” Magdalene”

Albrecht Durer (1471 – 1528) German painter and graphic artist. The founder of the art of the German Renaissance.

Famous works of Albrecht Durer “Young Venetian “Madonna and Child” woman”

Renaissance architecture

Features of Architecture Revival architecture grew in the fight against old Gothic architecture. The main principles: symmetry of plans and compositions of buildings and uniform distribution, placement at equal intervals from each other of all facade elements. Internet resources: 1.Wikipedia; 2. http://smallbay.ru/renessitaly.html

The purpose of the lesson:

• Introduce students to representatives of the Late Renaissance.
• To develop comparison and analysis skills in students using the example of representatives of the Late Renaissance.
• By introducing students to the atmosphere of the Renaissance, instill a sense of beauty.

Love painting, poets!
Only she, the only one, is given
Souls of changeable signs
Transfer to canvas.
N. Zabolotsky

“Painting must imbue its entire content into the minds of viewers in an instant.” Leonardo da Vinci

1. Organizing the class for the lesson.
2. Teacher's opening speech.

The Renaissance, which we continue to study, in a broader sense means a new way of life and a new worldview. This is the time of the emergence of capitalist relations, the formation of world trade relations, the formation of national states, the emergence of social conflicts: religious wars in France, the peasant war in Germany, the bourgeois revolution in the Netherlands. During this period, the process of separating artistic values ​​from religious and ethical ones begins, and a new attitude towards art is established. The idea of ​​man as an “earthly god” is born, being the true creator of his own essence and everything that his hands and intellect create.

Before we get acquainted with the representatives of the Late Renaissance: Titian, Dürer and El Greco, we will check your knowledge on the topic in the form of a test.

1. Performing a test for 2 options using a presentation.

Annex 1.Students, watching the presentation, answer questions on prepared pieces of paper. Answer keys:

1. Studying a new topic according to plan:

• Titian.
• Albrecht Durer.
• El Greco.
• A virtual tour through the halls of the Hermitage.

1. Consolidating a new topic, drawing up a short summary using a presentation. Annex 1.

Students prepared messages and mini-presentations on representatives of the Late Renaissance. Summary.

1st student: Titian (Tiziano Vecellio) (circa 1489/90 - 1576) Italian painter. Head of the Venetian school of the High and Late Renaissance. He came from a well-born provincial family. In ≈ 1500 - was sent to study with a mosaic master, then studied painting with G. Bellini. From 1517 to 155 served as the official painter of the Venetian Republic. His customers were emperors, kings, and popes. Works of fiction: “The Holy Family”, “Madonna and Child, Saint Catherine and Little John the Baptist”, “Penitent Mary Magdalene”.

2nd student: Albrecht Dürer (1471-1528) was born and died in Nuremberg, a German painter and graphic artist. Founder of the German Renaissance. The son of a silversmith, a native of Hungary. He studied first with his father, then with the Nuremberg painter and engraver M. Wolgemut. During his years of wanderings (1490-1494) he visited Basel, Kalmar, and Strasbourg. Later, in 1494-1495, he visited Venice and Padua, and in 1520-1521, the Netherlands. Worked for Emperor Maximilian. He painted landscapes, drawings, portraits, successfully worked in the field of woodcuts (wood engraving), the “Apocalypse” series. In recent years he has published theoretical works. Works of art: “Drummer and Flutist”, “Four Horsemen”, “Portrait of a Priest”, “Portrait of a Young Man”.

3rd student: El Greco or Dominico Theotecopouli (1541-1614) Spanish artist of Greek origin. Little is known about early life. In 1567-1570 – lived in Venice, possibly studied with Titian. Visited Parma, Rome. From 1577 he lived in Spain. He paints pictures that have absorbed Byzantine traditions and the achievements of the Italian Renaissance. He created altar paintings and portraits, and in the later period he painted paintings foreshadowing the apocalypse. Works of fiction: “The Holy Family”, “Christ drives out the merchants from the temple”, “The Adoration of the Shepherds”, “Prayer of the Cup”, “Savior of the World”.

1. A virtual tour of the Hermitage hall dedicated to the work of Titian(electronic manual).
2. Summing up the lesson. Student reflection.
3. Homework: notes, individual assignments - prepare messages: Caravaggio, The Carracci Brothers and the Bologna Academy, L. Bernini.

Literature:

1. “Youth about art” - T. Wiirand. Tallinn 1990
2. Magazine “Gallery”. No. 1 – 195
3. History of art of foreign countries of the 17th-18th centuries. Edited by V.I. Razdolskaya. Moscow 1988

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