How Lezgins treat Russian girls. Social relations and family life of the Lezgins

I have already published popular statements from the forums, and now I want to continue the campaign for interesting posts. Here I came across a very interesting topic- transnational love. IN this case an Azerbaijani fell in love with a Lezgin and asks the members of the forum for advice. Surely the girl is not calm at heart. In general, read

Hello! I am an Azerbaijani, who grew up and was brought up in the traditions of morality, everyday life, family life, etc. typical of our people. I have always been committed to the fact that a family should be created with representatives of their nationality. But recently, unexpectedly for myself, I fell in love with a person. He is a Lezgin wonderful person. I would like to know the opinion of members of the forum, preferably Lezgins, about the character traits of a Lezgin man, about their attitude to the relationship between a Lezgin and a woman of a non-nationality, in general, about family customs Lezgins.

Not an angel

And where did he grow up? , his worldview, etc., there are slight differences in customs, but where they do not exist and not so much that they crush you ... character traits: .. wow)))) ... character is often complex, but almost always they are honest, brave, daring guys))) ... so good luck

Spring

The girls are right .. there is not much difference ... Kafkaz so to speak ...

I, too, have been friends since childhood with two Lizgins and one Tabasaran, and I also have friends from the Avars. But we are talking about lizgins, who will say whether I should continue to be friends with them? What are they like in friendship? What are their friendship customs? Thank you in advance.

Who are the lizgins?

Not an angel

And they are mostly light (light-skinned)

Merlin

purely my personal opinion ... love - does not fit into the framework of nationality or mentality ... how can you conclude whether you are suitable for each other on the basis of belonging to a particular ethnic and social group?

I agree with your opinion completely. I am not going to give up my relationship because of the difference in nationalities, if it were so, it would not be worthwhile to allow them to arise. And the opinion, by and large, is not designed to discuss serious interethnic differences that are fraught with unpredictable consequences (judging by certain reviews). Interest is due only to domestic issues. I could talk about global topics on this subject, but I don’t want to.

character traits do not depend on the nation nixweiss.gif

the only thing can be more temperamental and emotional in general (although they also have such tongue.gif women)

relationship with a woman also has no nationality (((

depends on the individual differently

family customs are the same as in the whole of Kafkaz unsure.gif

ps and you, as a woman in love, should not take everything so painfully and be kinder girl.gif

Amelia

My husband has several Lezgin friends. they have similar customs and traditions smilie.gif

By the way, they are usually more temperamental. They are very funny, they like to joke, and yet their nature of life depends on the habitat where it is located. If he lived in the city, then he is no different from us.

I also remembered our Lezghin neighbors) we have been friends for more than 50 years, yes, yes, even my great-grandmother was friends with them. They can help at any moment, and very friendly) By the way, I'm talking about human qualities, and do not look at his nationality))

So, the main thing is that you have complete mutual understanding, love and respect for each other, without these qualities there is nowhere

Panda

In all my life I had only 2 girlfriends, and both lezgins ....

The only thing I can say .... A rather isolated people .. Therefore, they most often marry among themselves. Though of course there are exceptions. But these stubbornness, when a person gets used to his clan-tribe from childhood and boils in its juice, then they are a little hard to polish. What else. Yes, as already noted, men have problems with alcohol and in general bad habits. Apparently, after all, there is some kind of genetic predisposition, or is it a temperament ... they let out couples like that))). Very hot people, quick-tempered, to give in the face - just spit)).

Fairy Bakilylar

why not? they are good husbands

White flower

I don't know why, but I never liked tongue.gif Lezgins (ok)

we had Lezgin girls in the class, they always walked together, away from us, they didn’t even greet us .. They can be very smug (judging by those whom I knew and know), arrogant and cunning. We have 2 families (Lezgins) in the block, both of them have a husband walking, and some wives are not so wacko.gif I remember once they said: Azerbaijanis descended from Lezgins))) Some sons always shout to our guys (when disputes): Don't touch me - I'm a Lezgin! big_grin.gif And in the last block, the Lezghin family, no one likes them either... I don't know why nixweiss.gif

And I wish you happiness rroza.gif not all people are the same rolleyes.gif

Master of Puppets

What kind of horror movies, I have a lot of Lezgin friends, I have been friends with some for more than 20 years, I have never heard or noticed anything like that

you can have beautiful children :smilie))))) bright eyes, skin. hair smiley.gif))

like to argue, stubborn, noisy. very emotional and cheerful people smiley.gif

I knew 2 Lezgins. both bastards. but how can you say something about the whole nation. you might get the best one. or worse.

it all depends on the individual. I advise you to get to know him personally. Or ask his friends.

Abishka

I recently had a boyfriend, a Lezgin. I thought this man was perfect, fair-skinned, handsome with green eyes and awesome physique. He didn’t drink, didn’t smoke, and was generally very family-oriented (in principle, he still is, we just began to communicate less often). It was after him that I changed my mind about the Lezgins, before that I couldn’t stand it

There are many examples of the "Azerbaijani-Lezgin" marriage ("Lezginka-Azerbaijani", "Lezgin-Lezgin", "Azerbaijani-Azerbaijani", etc.), they seem to live ... I have not seen anyone with bruises and fractures ...

Wai meeeee, how can you love a Lezgin? blink.gif

Have you collapsed from the oak sumasoshel.gif , it's a crime to love a Lezgin

I beg you don't do such a stupid thing poklon.gif

come to your senses before it's too late, he's LEEEEEEEZGIIIIIIIIIIII grazy.gif wacko.gif

well not talysh yet diablotin.gif evilgrin1.gif

Alpha, sorry frown.gif

people, what's with naaaaaaaaaa... why such anger....

I thought the user just wanted to know what and how they have in everyday life, customs ... although the title of the topic is not correct ...

if they wrote about an Englishman, a Turk, a Scot, everyone would start writing about customs, advising ...

And so, I’m also a 50/50 Lezginka .. Our customs are the same, I’ll tell you a doctor that the customs of the Az-tsev of Guba, Khachmaz, Khudat are no different ... my husband is from that zone, but an Azerbaijani, so no difference, up to the accent of the local Az-tsev smilie.gif)))

Every nation wants its history to be remembered, traditions and culture to be respected. There are no two identical states on Earth. Each has its own roots and unique features - zest. This is one of these wonderful peoples and will be discussed further.

Caucasus - area high mountains, excellent wines and hot Caucasian blood. However, many years ago, when this region was still wild and unbridled, amazing people Lezgins (Caucasian nationality), who awakened the modern civilized Caucasus to life. They were rich people ancient history. For many centuries they were better known as "legs" or "leks". Living in the south, he constantly defended himself from the great ancient conquerors of Persia and Rome.

Nationality "Lezgin": history

A long time ago, several original mountain tribes united in order to create their own state, unlike anyone else, with its own spiritual culture and deep traditions. It was early XIII centuries. Well, they succeeded perfectly, because today the Lezgins (nationality) live in the southernmost territories of Russia and Republic of Azerbaijan. For a long time they inhabited the Dagestan region, which now and then passed into the possession of new invaders. The inhabitants of that area at that time were called "emirs of Lezgistan". Over time, the state broke up into many small khanates that fought for their independence.

People who honor traditions

Let's take a closer look at this nationality. Lezgins have a rather bright and explosive character. This Caucasian people has long honored the customs of hospitality, kunakry and, of course, blood feud. It is noteworthy that very big role in their culture plays the right upbringing of children. Surprisingly, they begin to educate the baby even when he is in the mother's womb. This is probably what distinguishes the Lezgins. Nationality has a lot interesting traditions. Here is one of them.

If women could not have children, that is, they were childless, they were sent to the sacred places of the Caucasus. In case of success, namely the birth of children of different sexes, families who were friends with each other promised each other in the future to marry children. They sincerely believed in the healing power sacred places and took such journeys seriously. Some argue that this custom was formed as a result of a desire to strengthen friendly and family ties between certain families.

Ancient rites and modern life

Lezgin - what kind of nation is this? Let's take a closer look below. Despite their small numbers, the Lezgins have fairly fundamental moral standards that are associated with long-standing traditions.

From wedding customs one of the most striking is the kidnapping of the bride. The most interesting thing is that such a tradition was practiced both with the consent of the bride, and without it. As it turned out, there was no ransom as such. For the young, a certain payment was simply made to her parents. Perhaps today it reminds some of some kind of purchase and seems not quite worthy, but practice shows that most local residents treated it with joy and great enthusiasm.

Eastern traditions of hospitality

Lezgins have a special attitude towards guests and the elderly. They are given special respect. Old people are not allowed to do difficult work, and guests are not allowed to do household chores at all, even if they urgently ask for it. All the best is given to guests: they sleep on the most comfortable bed, even if the owners can stay overnight on the floor. Sometimes you want many nations today to be able to better study their culture and learn something useful for themselves from there, especially with regard to how to treat guests. People today have achieved a lot, but have lost something valuable - an understanding of the true nature of human relationships.

Oriental cultures, in principle, differ from others in their special attitudes towards women. They have always been considered in the East as secondary members of society. Lezgin culture is no exception, but it is safe to say that, despite this situation, men have always treated Lezgins with deep respect. It was considered a great shame for the Lezgi family to raise a hand against a woman or somehow insult her dignity in some other way.

Spiritual heritage or what religion is the Lezgins national?

What can be said about the spiritual heritage of the ancient Lezgins? Today, the majority professes Islam. Scholars readily admit that religious culture people has not been thoroughly studied, but its roots, of course, go back to paganism and are largely intertwined with folk mythology. For example, the Lezgins still have a rather curious idea of ​​\u200b\u200bhow the amazing planet Earth is located in space. They believe that it rests on the horns of Yaru Yats (Red Bull), which, in turn, stands on Chiehi Yad (translated as "Big Water"). This is such an interesting design. Although it somewhat contradicts scientific data, some believe in it quite sincerely. Like these ones unusual performances Lezgins had about the world. The nationality, whose religion is Islam, is quite original.

famous all over the world

Some are outraged that these religious teachings are saturated with mythology and quite often contradict generally accepted concepts of common sense. Modern life this people largely adopted the foundations of modernity. They certainly honor traditions, but they are much less fanatical about them than before. Special attention of tourists and travelers is attracted by the national dance Lezgins. Today there are very few people who have never heard of Lezginka.

This original and bewitching dance has long been danced by the Lezgins. This nationality is quite original, and the dance is a confirmation of this. How long ago the lezginka arose and how old it is is not known for certain. Some suggest that it originates from ritual Caucasian dances.

Lezginka is a very dynamic and full of movement dance. By the way, modern name it was the Russians who gave it to him. Cheerful and cheerful music, to which this dance is performed, did not leave many indifferent famous composers. Some of them even slightly changed or interpreted the old traditional melody in a different way.

TO early XIX V. there were no Bek possessions on the territory of the Lezgins, except for the villages. Kaka of the Samur District, where in late XVIII V. beks from the clan of the Kazikumukh khans settled. The neighboring villages of Yalag and Lutkul also obeyed the Kakin beks. Each village supplied the beks with 75 rupees of wheat (112.5 poods) and worked for three days from smoke.

But already in 1813, after the formation of the Kyura Khanate, which included mainly foothill areas, the best land here was distributed to the beks, who also belonged to the Kazikumukh Khan's house. The enslaved peasants (rayats) were obliged to pay tribute to the beks and serve their feudal duties. So, the inhabitants of the villages of Nyutyug, Kurkent, Karchag, Ekendil, Zizik and Chilik of the present Kasumkent region, who were subordinate to the beks from the villages. Karchag, did not have the right to leave their villages without the permission of the latter, paid taxes, cultivated the lands of the beks, carried firewood to them on their carts, etc. In the second half of the 19th century, with the penetration of capitalist relations into the Lezgin village, stratification among the highlanders intensified . Along with the separation of a handful of large landowners and sheep breeders, the number of poor peasants grew rapidly. According to the 1886 census, out of 2927 farms of the Kurakh naibstvo (now the Kurakh district), which was considered the largest cattle-breeding region in Dagestan, 655 farms had no cattle, 1851 sheep and goats, and 1961 horses. In the Samur Okrug in 1917, 69% of farms did not have cattle, 39.9% of farms did not have draft animals, and 20% of farms did not have land. At the same time, individual farms concentrated in their hands a large number of livestock and land. Yes, a villager. Maza Jafar Haji Jalil-ogly had 20 working cattle, 11 cattle, 1470 sheep and 45 subs of arable land. As early as the beginning of the 20th century. dependent estates in Lezgi society, as well as throughout Dagestan, continued to bear feudal obligations in favor of the beks. Under the influence of the revolution of 1905, the serfs of the Kyurinsky district in 1906 began to refuse to perform these duties. In 1907, the same thing happened in the villages of Lutkul and Yalag in the Samur district. But only in 1913 was the law on the liberation of dependent estates in Dagestan published, and right up to the Great October revolution The "liberated" peasants made large redemption payments. Along with the beks, the Lezghin peasantry was exploited by large lamb breeders, merchants, and Muslim clergy. Lezgin workers were also subjected to cruel oppression. The tsarist government suffocated the people with unbearable taxes.

Only the establishment of Soviet power saved the working Lezgins from the yoke of the exploiters. The old society, divided into oppressors and oppressed, was replaced by a socialist community of workers, collective farm peasantry and intelligentsia.

The modern family of the Lezgins most often consists of five to eight people. In addition to the father, mother and children, it includes the parents of the husband or wife, often minor brothers and sisters of the wife or husband, widowed daughters-in-law. In some villages (Kasumkent, Ikre, Akhtakh, Mikrakh, etc.) there are families consisting of 15-17 people, including two or four married brothers. But in general, large families among the Lezgins were a rarity already in the second half of the 19th century. Relations between family members for many centuries were built on unquestioning obedience to elders and on the inequality of women. IN Soviet time lezginka - collective farmer, worker, employee - became economically independent, got access to education and social activities. All this, together with the implementation of Soviet legislation on marriage and the family, freed the Lezginka from unlimited dependence on her father, brother and husband. However, there are still many facts testifying to the strength of patriarchal tribal traditions, which still prevent many Lezgin women from taking a truly equal position with a man. In many families, a woman will not eat with men in front of strangers, and men are ashamed to openly help a woman in her work, etc. A lot of explanatory work is still needed to make these survivals a thing of the past.

In the recent past, remnants of patriarchal-tribal relations played an important role in Lezgin life. True, I have not yet explored the question of the existence of tribal property among the Lezgins, but such remnants tribal system vengeance, mutual assistance of relatives, compact residence of relatives in one quarter, unquestioning obedience to older relatives, etc., persisted for a long time. Blood feud disappeared among the Lezgins only shortly before the October Revolution, and mutual assistance from relatives has long been supplemented and replaced by mutual assistance from fellow villagers in general.

Many old customs and prejudices last years disappeared or have undergone significant changes. So, the customs associated with childbirth have undergone a change. In connection with the opening of hospitals and maternity hospitals, for example, magical means that grandmothers resorted to to “facilitate” childbirth are no longer used. In the past, the father used to leave the house during childbirth. The one who first informed him about the birth of a child received a gift from him. The birth of a daughter was considered less joyful event than the birth of a son. The name of the child was given by one of the older relatives. This was followed by a family celebration and refreshments. Often the child was given, and is still given, the name of the deceased grandfather or other deceased relative.

Marriages among the Lezgins in the past were concluded preferably among relatives. This custom of endogamy is now disappearing. The marriage was preceded by a preliminary agreement between the parents of the bride and groom, and often when the latter were still children. Sometimes marriages were also concluded by bride kidnapping; but it was resorted to when the bride did not want to marry or in case of resistance from her parents. The wedding was preceded by a matchmaking procedure. A close relative of the groom came to the bride's parents and proposed to them. After obtaining consent, one of the close relatives of the groom brought the bride a dish of pilaf, a ring and a scarf. After some time, the groom's father, accompanied by several men, brought money and a scarf to the bride's house. Immediately, for refreshments, the parties agreed on the size of the kalym. From that time until the wedding, the groom could not meet with the bride.

The wedding began with feasts in the groom's house and in the bride's house, which took place separately. When married within one related group During the wedding, relatives were divided into two camps - the side of the groom and the side of the bride, between which a state of struggle was staged. The groom at the beginning of the wedding went to one of his relatives or comrades and had fun with his friends there. Then the groom and his retinue with music and dances set off for the bride. She was supposed to refuse to leave her house for a while. Finally, the bride, with her face covered with a scarf, was put on a horse or in a carriage (cart, phaeton) and taken to the groom's house. The master of the wedding walked in front, followed by the musicians, then the groom and his comrades, the rest of the men and women. At the end of the procession rode the bride, who was accompanied by an elderly relative and one of her friends. A dowry was brought behind them.

When the bride drove up to the groom's house, money, nuts, sweets, sugar, etc. were thrown at her from neighboring houses. At the entrance to the groom's house, the bride had to crush right foot a spoonful of oil placed on the threshold. After that, the bride was brought into the room and put on a chest with a dowry. All the while the festivities continued, the bride had to sit silently. Around midnight, the groom came to her, and the girls and women surrounding the bride left. In the morning the groom went to the river to swim, and then spent the whole day in the house of his friend or relative.

The current Lezghin wedding is in many ways different from the old wedding. Marriages are concluded without payment of kalym and without the participation of the mullah. Cases of bride kidnapping and betrothal of minors disappeared. wedding ceremony generally unchanged, with the exception of individual moments. So, in many villages, the bride is taken to the groom's house no longer on a horse or cart, but in a car, and her dowry - in a truck.

Funerals among the Lezgins, as well as among other peoples of Dagestan, do not differ in their external form from ordinary Muslim funerals (the deceased is wrapped in a shroud, placed in a grave on his right side, head to the west, etc.). Now, due to the mass departure of the population from religion, religious rites during burial are observed less and less.

Religion

Before the Great October Socialist Revolution, the official religion of the Lezgins was Sunni Islam. Villagers. The Miskiadjas of the Dokuzparinsky region have long been Shiites. It is known that Islam began to be planted in South Dagestan as early as the 8th century. Arab conquerors. It is not surprising that he deeply penetrated the social and family life of the Lezgins. Not only during the annexation of Dagestan to Russia, but also during the October Revolution and civil war, as well as in subsequent years, the Lezgin clergy acted in alliance with large cattle breeders and merchants. Until collectivization, the Lezgins had mosques everywhere, not only common to the entire village (Juma mosques), but also quarterly. Prior to the establishment of Soviet power in Dagestan, mosques owned a significant amount of hay and arable land (vaqfs), which Soviet authority handed over to the workers. Nowadays, religious prejudices are being eliminated more and more among the bulk of the Lezgins. They are especially alien to young people and middle-aged people. This is a consequence of the unprecedented growth of culture and enlightenment of the people. However, it would be wrong to think that the Lezgins have already done away with religion. There are still many who perform prayers, decorate the graves of the “saints”, the so-called feasts, etc. with sacrificial rags.

Despite the long existence of Islam in the Lezgin society, some traces of ancient beliefs were preserved here until recently. The Lezgi word gutsar, used as a synonym for "Allah", in the past, apparently, was the name of one of pagan gods. The same pre-Islamic character had the holiday of the vernal equinox, accompanied by the ceremony of lighting bonfires through which young men jumped; may holiday picking flowers; a procession of men with decorated branches during a drought, the participants of which poured water on each other; procession of girls with a doll during excessively heavy rains; worship of the "sacred" mountain Shalbuzdag; hanging in yards as a talisman against " evil eye» horseshoes, skulls and bones of a dog and a horse; various magical means used during childbirth, at weddings, when building a house, etc.

The attitude towards the woman was very contradictory. The woman enjoyed great respect in society, but at the same time she was powerless in the family, even in relation to her own children. The man treated her as a lower being, the main burden of household work fell on her: preparing clothes, food, doing all kinds of household chores, and much more. However, on this basis, it is hardly reasonable to draw a conclusion about the humiliation of a woman.

As F. Engels correctly emphasized, “the division of labor between both sexes is determined not by the position of women in society, but by completely different reasons. Nations for whom women have to work much more than we think they should, often have much more genuine respect for women than our Europeans.

A WOMAN was engaged in housework and enjoyed respect and honor among her household, although outwardly the attitude towards her was harsh. It was considered a great shame to beat a woman, insult and humiliate her in any form. The one who, contrary to custom, raised his hand to a woman, mourned her honor with a word or action, covered himself with shame.

To insult a wife, and even more so to beat her, was considered a disgusting act, society turned away from such a person, such an insult was equated with a blood offense. No matter how bleak the life of a woman, it must be said that among the Lezghins, acts of rudeness and violence against her are extremely rare. Beating a woman is considered shameful. If the family strife has reached a major quarrel, the wife goes to the house of her parents and the husband begins the chores of reconciliation.

The exclusive position of the Lezghin woman in society is also evidenced by the non-proliferation of blood feuds against her. Whatever the blood feud between the surnames, a woman was never killed. If someone committed such a crime, then by this he incurred the greatest contempt of society.

The most irreconcilable enemies stopped the battle if a woman, having removed her scarf, threw it between them. So it was with other Caucasian highlanders. In the presence of a woman, indecent expressions were not allowed at all. To take revenge on a woman was considered a shame, unworthy of a man.

If a woman and a man walked side by side, then the woman took right side, and if two men walked with her, then between them. In both cases, these positions were considered the most honorable. The largest number etiquette was associated with a woman. No matter how extreme the intoxication of feasting men reached, no matter how cheekily the company of young people behaved, no matter how strong the bitterness of those quarreling, fighting or fighting, the mere appearance of a woman curbed the brawlers, stopped and stopped the bloodshed. An ambiguous word in the presence of women, careless movement during dances, swagger in dealing with a girl caused condemnation of the whole society.

The sex ratio of the Lezgins shows the predominance of the male population. This population structure distinguishes the Lezgins from the rest. large nations and indicates that a large number of labor migrants from Azerbaijan, represented largely by men, live and work in our country.

True, the sex ratio has slightly leveled off since the last census: the proportion of women has increased from 48.7% to 49.5%. But most likely this is due to the underestimation of Lezgins in major cities, namely, labor migration is directed there. In addition, only a small part of the Lezgins from Azerbaijan was counted in both the 2002 and 2010 censuses. This situation is explained by the fact that migrants who did not want to complicate their stay in Russia avoided communication with census takers. In 2010, there was also a trend towards an increase in the share of the Russian population in Moscow and other cities, which occurred at the expense of the non-Russian population. One of the reasons for such a policy is an attempt to reassure the Russian townspeople with the dominance of migrants in the cities.

Be that as it may, they moved to Russia for a temporary and permanent place residence of many Lezgins not only from Azerbaijan, but also from Turkmenistan, Kazakhstan and other countries. Only the Armenians and Azerbaijanis have a more deformed gender structure - they have a more powerful "influx" of migrants, with a much higher proportion of men than the Lezgins.

The census also showed a decrease in the proportion of persons younger than working age among Lezgins: from 30% to 25% due to an increase in this indicator among the working population (from 61% to 66%). The proportion of the elderly population remained almost unchanged at 9%. The main factors of this transformation are also the migration of the able-bodied Lezgi population to Russia and the fall in the birth rate.

An interesting feature of recent years has been a noticeable increase in married Lezgin men from 60.4% to 66%, the proportion of married Lezgin women has changed slightly from 61.4% to 62.2%. Probably young and middle-aged Lezgins, migrating to the cities, began to actively acquire families, and they more often choose life partners from representatives of other nationalities, mainly Russians. Nevertheless, the number of mono-ethnic Lezgin households has grown from 72,000 to 90,000, with an average of four and a half people per household. It is noteworthy that the proportion of divorced, both among men and women, has slightly fallen.

The Lezgin family becomes small. This process also covered other Dagestan peoples. The proportion of women who do not have children or who have given birth to 1-2 children is growing, and the proportion of mothers with 3 or more children is decreasing (from 35% to 31%).

The proportion of Lezgins who speak their native language has fallen to 82.4%, and 94.6% speak Russian. Wherein native language for Lezgins it becomes a kind of symbol. The proportion of Lezgins who reported Lezgi as their mother tongue increased from 94% to 94.9% between 1989 and 2010. According to this indicator, the Lezgins are still inferior to the peoples of Dagestan and the Vainakhs.

A more favorable situation for Lezgins is observed in the educational sphere. The proportion of people with higher and postgraduate education increased by one and a half times: from 14.4% to 21.6% (the average Russian indicator is slightly higher - 23.4%). True, the same and even faster growth was observed in other large nations. Among the mountainous Caucasian peoples, only the Ossetians have more high level education (30%). However, as you know, the quality of education has been steadily declining in recent years.

Unfortunately, the census revealed a very high unemployment rate among the Lezgins - 22.8% of the working-age population of private households. This situation is typical for all mountain-Caucasian peoples and is connected with the fact that North Caucasus is a depressed region. However, a significant part of the unemployed actually regularly travel to work outside their region. A further outflow of Lezgins from Dagestan should be expected until the unemployment rate drops to an acceptable level.

Amil Sarkarov

FLNKA Information and Analytical Center