Celebrate the day of Slavic writing. Day of Slavic Writing and Culture

Late ninth century new era the Slavs finally had their own alphabet. Michael the Third, emperor of Byzantium, gave the order to create an orderly script for the Old Church Slavonic language. The brothers Cyril and Methodius took up this business. Therefore, the alphabet began to be called Cyrillic. And in honor of this important event for all Slavic states was proposed special holiday. Unfortunately, many people don't know anything about it. It is even sadder that people often do not understand its purpose, its meaning.

But before we talk about the holiday, let's turn to writing. Today, we do not even think about what we can write using the letters of a standardized and generally accepted alphabet. Moreover, our records will be understood in all corners of the country. Writing, which appeared more than a thousand years ago, undoubtedly became the engine of such areas of art as literature, theater, music and some others. In addition, it allowed people far from each other to transmit information. But what can I say: written sources are a huge help for historians, for ethnographers.

With the advent of writing, a person got the opportunity to record the necessary information, which means to receive and master new knowledge. And how rapidly culture began to develop! And the contribution of Cyril and Methodius to the whole life of people is difficult to overestimate. In general, we modern life it is very difficult to imagine how people used to live when they did not have a letter.

And now about the holiday itself. Every year on May 24th we celebrate the Day Slavic writing and culture" in Russian Federation. In other states, the population of which is from the Slavic community, there are also similar holidays. It's just that they have different names, as well as dates (although in Bulgaria, as in Russia, this is May 24). In general, it was originally invented in Bulgaria in the nineteenth century, and then took root in Russia, Ukraine, Belarus, and Moldova. In any case, regardless of the country, the holiday is dedicated to the great cause of the holy brothers, thanks to whom the Slavs had their own alphabet. It should also be noted that Slavic writing is a collective concept that includes writing in numerous Slavic languages ​​​​(Russian, Ukrainian, Bulgarian and others).

How it all began?

The history of the holiday "Day of Slavic Writing and Culture" goes back to the distant tenth (according to some sources - the eleventh) century AD. In general, this day was then called the Day of Saints Cyril and Methodius, who became the authors of the alphabet. They gave people writing.

In Rus' "Day Slavic culture and writing”, or rather the Day of Cyril and Methodius, was forgotten for some time, but it was remembered again in 1863. The proposed date was May 11 (now, according to the new style, it is May 24). But a little more than a hundred years later, a large-scale resumption of the celebration of the Day of Remembrance of these saints began. This was due to a round date - 1100 years have passed since the death of Methodius. In 1986, the Writing Festival was held for the first time in the city of Murmansk. Five years later, a special Decree was issued by the authorities in force at that time. It said that now every year a holiday called "The Day of Slavic Writing and Culture" will be held. Moreover, it was noted that the Russian Orthodox Church would take a direct part in it. And this is not surprising, because Cyril and Methodius are canonized as saints.

Then every year a city was chosen, which became the center of the holiday. There were the main cultural events. This state of affairs persists to this day.

How is everything going today?

The Days of Slavic Culture and Literature are not held according to one standardized plan, they are always different, always interesting and lively. There is also a place in them for discussion of pressing problems, in which cultural figures, poets, writers and others take part.

When the "Day of Slavic Literature and Culture" is celebrated, scientific meetings and forums, festivals and exhibitions, as well as fairs and concerts are held in Russia. Such a cultural explosion awakens in the hearts of people true love to their people, their language, pride in them. Of course, they do not forget to remember the brothers who gave people writing. In itself, the "Day of Slavic Culture" is designed to unite and preserve the cultural heritage that we inherited from our ancestors. And this is certainly very important. The holiday reminds all Slavic countries of the unity of their origin, of their ancestors.

But the meaning and significance of this day exists not only for each individual country, but also for each person individually. After all, we all speak and write in the Slavic language! Our ancestors, our parents, our teachers spoke and wrote in it! But language and writing are the basis, the basis for culture and art. That is why we must not only preserve our Slavic culture, but also educate it in our children. Agree that we have something to be proud of! After all, it is not for nothing that the works of Slavic writers and poets are famous for such penetration, such bewitching and incredibly beautiful speech turns! Reading their books is a pleasure. Therefore, let's love and respect our writing, our Slavic culture. She gave and continues to give us a lot!

The Day of Slavic Literature and Culture was widely celebrated in Russia.

The Day of Slavic Literature and Culture is a kind of recognition Soviet power merit of two outstanding Orthodox saints: Cyril and Methodius.

Cyril and Methodius were born in the 9th century in the city of Thessalonica, and by origin were Slavs from a noble family. Both became Orthodox monks (Cyril and Methodius are their names after being tonsured). In 857, the Byzantine emperor sent brothers to the Khazar Khaganate to preach the Orthodox faith there. As the story goes, they successfully convinced the Khazar prince and his entourage to accept Christianity, and even took 200 Greek captives from there. In 862, preachers came to Moravia (at the request of the Moravian prince) - here they created Slavic alphabet, translated into Slavic the Gospel, the Psalter and other liturgical books.

Cyril and Methodius were recognized by the church as saints back in the 9th century, but in Russia the memory of the brothers-enlighteners began to be celebrated in 1863 - this was the decision of the Russian Holy Synod, which set the date for this on May 11 according to the old style (May 24 according to the new one).

On January 30, 1991, the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the RSFSR adopted a resolution to annually celebrate the days Russian culture and writing. Every year, a different city became the capital of this holiday.

We remember familiar sounds from childhood:
This is Az, and this is Buki.
Cyril and Methodius glory and honor
For the fact that Slavic writing exists!
And the whole world appreciates our culture,
Reads avidly our literature.
Let the years pass, centuries pass,
Slavic culture will always be!
Brothers Slavs, happy holiday to you.
Keep, appreciate the cultural reserve!

Cyril with Methodius once
Created an alphabet for us
We have kept these letters.
And we use them now
On the day of writing, we wish everyone
Don't Forget Traditions
Protect your language, your culture
Save for generations!

Today is a significant day - the Day of Slavic Culture and Literature. This holiday unites all Slavic peoples, because Slavic culture is native to all of us. Thanks to the emergence of writing, we can touch the origins of our cultural heritage. Let's cherish and honor what our ancestors passed on to us, support and revive forgotten traditions, be proud that we are Slavs!

Today we celebrate the Day of Slavic Writing.
The bright day of culture has come to us today.
We congratulate you on this bright holiday.
May everything in your life be good.

Slavic spirit, light, let it help you,
Sincerity, hope always gives you.
Let literacy and knowledge flourish forever,
Your life is illuminated like a star in the darkness.

Happiness, light, joy, eternal luck
On this beautiful day, we wish you.
Do not lose hope, faith, inspiration.
So that a bright angel protects you.

Cyril, Methodius tried,
We now have an alphabet
Today we will glorify their feat,
Happy writing day to you.

Let the culture flourish
Slavic people live,
I wish you this holiday
I never know adversity.

On the day of Saints Cyril and Methodius,
We congratulate you from the bottom of our hearts,
After all, for us they sound like a native melody
Dear languages.

Slavic languages ​​and writing,
Our speech, culture and words
And the soul is wide, and sincerity,
We will be united for centuries.

I sincerely congratulate you on the day of culture,
And Slavic writing you
We congratulate everyone mentally
And, of course, writing now.

Slavic alphabet creation
We are celebrating today, friends.
And this moment is a reminder
You can't forget your language!

Happy Culture Day! Just remember
How stunningly large
Filled with goodness, warmth of hearts
Our amazing language!

Slavic writing
They brought us
Saints Cyril and Methodius,
We will dedicate a day to Slavic culture,
May he be honored by the people.
Know and cherish native culture
I wish everyone on this day
Letters tested for centuries
They call for the unity of the Slavs.

Cyril and Methodius - two holy brothers,
What an alphabet for the Slavs created!
We need to celebrate a wonderful date,
After all, how would we all live without the alphabet?

Without the alphabet there would be no literature,
And no one would know about the letter!
Let's appreciate all the origins of culture,
So that everyone heard about the great brothers!

Thanks to two saints -
Cyril and Methodius!
Our culture was laid
Glorifying our country!

For Slavic writing
We will honor them.
Their deeds are more beautiful
We don't follow anywhere.

Let the Slavic languages
And writing lives
Kohl in heaven last
The stars won't die!

Slavic speech sounds
Just like a melody.
Let's remember the saints
Cyril and Methodius.

Native speech and culture
Let it be honored
Never her basics
Let's not forget in life.

Congratulations: 52 in verse, 8 in prose.

The development of this event is dedicated to the Day of Slavic Literature and Culture, which the entire Slavic world celebrates on May 24th. The event was held in MBOU "Kuzmichevskaya secondary school" on 24.05.2013. For students of grades 6, 8 and 10, the holiday left only positive impressions and intensified their interest in the Russian language and its history.

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Municipal budgetary educational institution

"Kuzmichevskaya secondary school"

At the origins of Slavic writing

To the day of Slavic writing

and culture

Prepared

teacher of Russian language and literature

Kolobrodova L.I.

Date: 05/24/2013

2013

Goals : development respectful attitude to their country, culture and history, mother tongue through awareness of oneself as a part of world culture

Introducing the younger generation to the culture and history of their country;

Formation of awareness in students kinship with countries Slavic world;

Actualization of knowledge on the history of Slavic writing.

Tasks : 1) report on the exploits of Cyril and Methodius;

2) to acquaint students with the first alphabet using the example of individual letters, as well as "Alphabet Prayers";

3) explain the meaning of the concept of "Slavic world" and give an idea of ​​how the holiday is celebrated in these countries;

Equipment : posters (sayings about the language, "ABC prayers", "Map of the Slavic world", the exhibition "Monuments to the Saints" (Russia, Ukraine, Bulgaria, Czech Republic)), portraits of Cyril and Methodius, students' drawings about the feat, the alphabet, books (optional, perhaps a competition in elementary school on the best alphabet class, etc.), a presentation on the life and work of the saints, an excerpt from Patriarch Kirill’s 2011 congratulations on the holiday (connection with the roots, history, parting words to youth), holiday emblems, projector, computer, musical accompaniment.

Event progress

Teacher: Hello, hello, guests of today's holiday! The whole Christian world celebrates on May 24 the Day of Slavic Literature and Culture. The friendly atmosphere, the decoration of the hall and the bewitching music of the harp will take us today to the ancestors of the Slavs, to the country where all Russian people came from. Today we will learn about the great role of the two saints, Cyril and Methodius, who brought to our world a ray of faith and the ability to transmit knowledge through writing. Let this holiday in our hearts leave a place for the history of the past, without which, as you know, there is no future.

Our today's feast opens with a hymn to Saints Cyril and Methodius. I ask everyone to stand up. (Anthem plays.)

H: Every year on May 24, the Orthodox Church honors the holy apostles Cyril and Methodius, scientists and educators - after all, they created the first Slavic script in the world.

AND: The Day of Slavic Literature and Culture has a lot in common with the culture and religion of the Slavs: Cyril and Methodius were Orthodox Christians and monks. This way of life allowed them to make such a significant contribution to the history of the formation of Slavic culture.

H: Cyril and Methodius during their lives and serving the Lord in Greek monastery developed and captured for centuries the Slavic alphabet, which allowed us to transfer knowledge and experience from generation to generation.

AND: Officially, today is not a day off, but events dedicated to this holiday are held in many cities of Russia and are not limited to one day.

The Day of Slavic Literature and Culture is the only church-state holiday in our country.

H: The Saints Equal-to-the-Apostles brothers Cyril and Methodius, who brought to Slavic land writing, thereby attached the many millions of Slavic peoples to world civilization, world culture.

Biography

AND: The brothers Cyril and Methodius grew up in a noble family that lived in the Greek city of Thessalonica. Methodius was the eldest of seven brothers, Constantine was the youngest. Methodius was in a military rank and was the ruler in one of the Slavic principalities subordinate to the Byzantine Empire, Bulgarian, which gave him the opportunity to learn the Slavic language.

H: The future Slavic enlighteners received an excellent upbringing and education. Constantine from infancy showed extraordinary mental gifts. Studying at the Thessalonica school and not yet reaching the age of fifteen, he already read the books of the most thoughtful of the fathers of the Church of the 4th century - Gregory the Theologian.

AND: The rumor about the talent of Constantine reached Constantinople, and then he was taken to the court, where he studied with the emperor's son from the best teachers of the capital of Byzantium. With the famous scholar Photius, the future Patriarch of Constantinople, Konstantin studied ancient literature.

Konstantin perfectly comprehended all the sciences of his time and many languages, having received the nickname Philosopher for his mind and outstanding knowledge. He also comprehended philosophy, rhetoric, mathematics, astronomy and music.

H: Constantine expected brilliant career at the imperial court and wealth, but he preferred to retire to a monastery on Mount Olympus to Methodius, his brother, - tells his biography, in order to constantly pray and engage in pious reflections.

However, Konstantin could not spend long periods of time in solitude. As the best preacher of the faith, the defender of Orthodoxy, he was often sent to neighboring countries to participate in disputes. These trips were very successful for Konstantin.

AND: The whole life of Konstantin was filled with frequent difficult, difficult trials and hard work. This undermined his strength: at the age of 42, he became very ill. Shortly before his death, he took monastic vows with the name Cyril and quietly died in 869.

It happened in Rome, when the brothers once again came to seek support from the Pope in their main business - the spread of Slavic writing. Before his death, Cyril told his brother: “You and I, like two oxen, led the same furrow. I am exhausted, but don’t you think to leave the work of teaching and retire to your mountain again.

Student: "Great day ..." F.I. Tyutchev

H : Methodius outlived his brother by 16 years. Enduring hardships and reproach, he continued the great work - translating the Holy Books into the Slavic language, preaching the Orthodox faith, baptizing the Slavic people. He left as his successor the best of his students, Archbishop Gorazd, and about two hundred Slavic priests trained by him.

A lot is told about the beginning of Slavic writing in the main Russian chronicle, The Tale of Bygone Years.

AND: It tells how once the Slavic princes Rostislav, Svyatopolk and Kotsel sent ambassadors to the Byzantine king Michael with the words: “Our land is baptized, but we do not have a teacher who would instruct and teach us, and explained the holy books. For we know neither Greek nor Latin; some teach us in this way, and others in another way, because of this we do not know either the outline of the letters or their meaning. And send us teachers who could tell us about book words and about their meaning. Then Tsar Michael summoned two learned brothers - Constantine and Methodius, and "the king persuaded them and sent them to the Slavic land ... When these brothers arrived, they began to compose the Slavic alphabet and translated the Apostle and the Gospel."

"And the Slavs were glad that they heard about the greatness of God in their own language."

H: Then the brothers translated the Psalter and other church books.

With the adoption of Christianity, the Slavic alphabet also came to Rus'. And in Kyiv, and in Novgorod, and in other cities, they began to create schools for teaching Slavic literacy. Teachers from Bulgaria appeared in the Russian land - the successors of the work of Cyril and Methodius.

Readers 1, 3-7 (Grade 6)

1 reader:

Look back at our ancestors

On the heroes of the past.

Remember them with a kind word -

Glory to them, tough fighters!

Glory to our side!

Glory to Russian antiquity!

And about this old

I'll start telling

So that people can know

About the affairs of the native land.

3rd reader

Across wide Rus' - our mother

The bell ringing is spreading.

Now brothers Saints Cyril and Methodius

They are glorified for their work.

4th reader.

They remember Cyril and Methodius,

Brothers of the glorious Equal-to-the-Apostles,

In Belarus, in Macedonia,

In Poland, Czech Republic and Slovakia,

Praise the wise brothers in Bulgaria,

In Ukraine, Croatia, Serbia.

5th reader.

All nations that write in Cyrillic,

What are called from ancient times Slavic,

Praise the feat of the first teachers,

Christian enlighteners.

6th reader.

Fair-haired and gray-eyed,

All bright in face and glorious in heart,

Drevlyans, Russians, meadows,

Tell me who are you?

All. We are Slavs!

7th reader.

Everyone is handsome with their article,

All different and all similar

You are now called - Russians,

Since ancient times, who are you?

All . We are Slavs!

Cyrillic

AND: Slavic writing was created in the 9th century, around 862.

The new alphabet was called "Cyrillic" after the name of the Byzantine Constantine, who, having taken monasticism, became Cyril. And his elder brother Methodius helped him in the charitable work of educating the Slavic peoples. Cyril created the Slavic alphabet based on the Greek, significantly changing it in order to convey the Slavic sound system.

H: Initially, there was a firm belief that only three languages ​​were worthy for worship and writing church books (Hebrew, Greek and Latin). The Pope, after the introduction of the new alphabet by the brothers, approved worship in the Slavic language, and ordered the books translated by the brothers to be placed in Roman churches and to celebrate the liturgy in the Slavic language.

AND: Look closely at these Cyrillic letters. Do they remind you of familiar letters? (children's answers). Each letter in the ancient Slavic alphabet was special. They had a name. Listen to how the old alphabet sounds. (Reading individual letters). The names of the letters were supposed to remind people of such words that should not be forgotten: "good", "live", "earth", "people", "peace". Let these ancient letters now come to life with the help of our magic ABC.

Enter the letters Az and Buki

Az . Hello children! Guess what letter I am? That's right, my name is "Az". Name the words that start with me. The children are called.

Beeches . Now guess what my name is? That's right, my name is "Buki". Remember how many good words begin with my letter. Name them. Now call us in order.

H: Let's name them in order. It turned out the word ... "ABC". You, dear letters, have the great honor to stand at the beginning of our alphabet. This is what people say: "First," az "and" beeches ", and then science." The path of each of you to the world of knowledge begins with the basics. Guys, remember the proverbs about the benefits of learning. Children name proverbs. And another letter is rushing towards us. Introduce youreself!

AND: Let's continue our acquaintance with the Slavic alphabet.

Verb: Hello children! I am the letter "Verb".

AND: What do you have beautiful name! And what does it mean? What do you guys think? To speak means to speak. But before you speak, you need to think carefully. The people said: "You say - you will not turn back, and you would give dearly for a word, but you will not redeem." So you, dear "Verb", need to listen to the riddle, think and give the correct answer:

patch on patch,

And not a single stitch. (cabbage.)

H: Look, another letter is rushing towards us!

Good . Good afternoon, children! My name is Good.

AND: What a good name you have! Kindness is the best character trait of a person.

8-10 reader (grade 6)

8 dude.

It's not easy to be kind

Kindness does not depend on growth,

Kindness does not depend on color,

Kindness is not a gingerbread, not a candy.

9 dude.

You just have to be very kind.

To not forget each other in trouble.

And peoples will live together,

If we are kinder to you.

10 dude.

Kindness makes people happy

And in return does not require a reward.

Kindness never gets old

Kindness will warm you from the cold.

If kindness, like the sun shines,

Adults and children rejoice.

H: Meet, a new letter is coming to us!

Thinking . Hello children! My name is "Thought"

AND: What a wise letter has come to us!

Think. I brought you riddles. Guess them.

I sat on the fence, sang and shouted,

And when everyone gathered, he took it and fell silent. (rooster).

One hundred and one brothers, all in one row

Together they stand. (fence)

Rolled kolobok until he became a sock. (clew)

Three brothers went swimming

Two are swimming, the third is lying on the shore.

We bathed, went out, hung on the third. (buckets, yoke)

Four brothers run -

They will not catch up with each other: (wheels)

She was white and gray

Came green, young. (winter spring)

Well done boys! All riddles solved.

H: According to established folk ideas Cyril and Methodius - two diamonds, two falcons, two pure lives. In the lives and words of praise it is said that the Thessalonica brothers are "an eternal root, which is honest and popular." 44 sister letters look at you from this ancient scroll and invite you to further acquaintance.

11 reader to 16 (grade 6)

11 dude.

Letter to letter - there will be a word,

Word for word - the speech is ready.

And melodious, and slender,

She sounds like music.

12 dude.

Let us glorify these letters!

Let them come to the children

And be famous

Our Slavic alphabet!

13 dude.

We faithfully serve the Fatherland,

You are one of the sons.

Grow so that you are needed

Dear to your Motherland!

14 dude.

A reward awaits you for your work -

A beautiful goal in the distance

But you have to look

On the path that we have traveled.

15 dude.

There is nothing better, more beautiful

Dear Motherland of yours!

Look back at our ancestors

On the heroes of the past!

16 dude.

Remember them with a kind word -

Glory to them, the fighters are harsh,

Glory to our side!

Glory to the Russian

antiquity.

AND: The Slavic alphabet existed in Rus' unchanged for more than seven centuries. Its creators tried to make each letter of the first Russian alphabet simple and clear, easy to write. They remembered that the letters should also be beautiful, so that a person who barely saw them would immediately want to master the letter. The alphabet of Cyril and Methodius amazes us with its simplicity and convenience.

H: Only in Peter's time, it was necessary to make changes to the alphabet.

A military man in a cocked hat enters the stage

Military: Lord! The royal decree ordered to simplify the spelling and cancel the letters "yus small", "yus big", "ksi", "psi", "zelo", "omega", which have become a burden in the Russian alphabet.

He removes the named letters from the stand, goes backstage, and then returns.

AND: In the second half of the 18th century, the Russian alphabet was replenished with new letters that were not in the Slavic alphabet.

Military: These are the letters Y and Y.

Attaches cards with these letters to the stand and leaves

H: At the beginning of the twentieth century in Russia, there was a need to simplify the alphabet and spelling. Such a reform was carried out in 1918.

A girl in a leather jacket and a red scarf appears on the stage.

Young woman: Comrades! By decree of the People's Commissar of Education, the letters are abolished: "and decimal", "yat", "fita", "izhitsa", and the letter "er" at the end of words

Approaches the stand, removes obsolete letters of the alphabet.

history of the holiday

AND: Even in the old days, the Slavic peoples celebrated the memory of the holy brothers, however, later, the celebration was forgotten, under the influence of various historical and political circumstances. At the beginning of the nineteenth century, there was a revival of the Slavic peoples, and at the same time the memory of the Slavic first teachers was also renewed. And in 1863 in Rus', a resolution was adopted to celebrate the memory of Saints Cyril and Methodius on May 11 (May 24, according to the new style).

The idea of ​​resuming the nationwide, public celebration of the memory of Saints Cyril and Methodius and the Days of Slavic Literature and Culture in Russia was born in 1985.

H: The works of these great enlighteners became the common property of all Slavs, laid the foundation for their moral and mental development. So great is the merit of the brothers Cyril and Methodius in the history of enlightenment and upliftment common culture Slavic peoples.

Year after year, our cultures enriched and supplemented each other, the linguistic community of the Slavic peoples was joined by a spiritual and cultural community that gave the world outstanding scientists, figures of literature and art.

AND: In Russia, since 1991, state and public organizations, together with the Russian Orthodox Church, began to hold the Days of Slavic writing and culture.

The celebration does not have any once and for all approved scenario. Typical events over the 30 years of holding the Days in Russia have become scientific symposiums or conferences, dedicated to the problems culture, civilization, the Slavic world, as well as concerts, meetings with writers and poets in parks, gardens, libraries, houses of culture and thematic shows feature films, and exhibitions, competitions and festivals.

H: Days of Slavic writing and culture also include divine liturgies, religious processions, children's pilgrimage missions to the monasteries of Russia.

Today we have the opportunity to visit the celebration in the capital in absentia and hear part of the congratulatory speech of Patriarch Kirill.

Video "Congratulations from Patriarch Kirill, 2011" (06:20).

8th grade. Composition "I saw a celebration for the glory of the language" (D. Kugultinov. Ode to the Bulgarian language.)

Teacher : Today is considered a holiday of Slavic writing and culture. All of us, Russians, Slavs, must remember our roots, promote our Russian culture, honor traditions. Today the holiday is coming to an end, but I really hope that such meetings will become a tradition in our native school. Thanks everyone!

Methodological materials for holding the Days of Slavic Literature and Culture

  1. Believe!: Method. recommendations for the days of the Slavs. culture and writing in the library: Sprav.-inform. program / Region wt. international b-ka. - Yekaterinburg, 1994. - 24 p.
  2. Library panorama: People. Events. Data. Experience. Ideas. Forecasts. / NB im. A.S. Pushkin Rep. Mordovia. - Saransk, 1998 - Issue. 3 (4). - 45 s.
  3. Verb good!: By the Day of the Slavs. writing and culture: Scenario of the Day of bibliography for youth / Bezhanitskaya CLS; Method.-bibliographer. Department. - Bezhanitsy, 1999. - 11 p. - Bibliography: p. eleven.
  4. Glinskaya I.L. Thessalonica brothers Cyril and Methodius / I.L. Glinskaya // Culturology: Digest. - 1999. - S. 253-258
  5. Day of Slavic Literature and Culture: Method.-bibliogr. materials to help the librarian / Sakhalin. region scientific library, IBO, SNIKI; Comp. L.V. Podychan - Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk, 1991. - 8 p.
  6. [Days of Slavic Literature and Culture] // Art. - 1997. - No. 18.
    The entire room is dedicated to the Slavs. culture.
  7. Zhuravsky V. Gift of Cyril and Methodius / V. Zhuravsky // Echo of the Planet. - 1992. - No. 19/20. - S. 30-35.
  8. "AND eternal light...": Slavic Enlighteners - Cyril and Methodius: Material for the Day of Slavonic Literature and Culture / Pskov Region Youth Library - Pskov, 1999. - 4 p. - Bibliogr: P.3.
  9. ... And they wrote with both features and cuts ...: Mag. runes of the Slavs: [Did the Slavs have written language before Cyril and Methodius] // Science and Religion. - 1993. - No. 11. - S. 36-39.
  10. To the Day of Slavic Literature and Culture: Method. allowance / Komi rep. b-ka; Komi Republic det. b-ka. - Syktyvkar, 1992. - 10 p.
  11. Klimov E.N. Bequeathed for centuries: (Recommendations for the Days of Slavonic Literature and Culture) / Perm. cultural fund. People's Council holiday culture, Perm. Slavs. cult. center, Perm. state Institute of Arts and Culture. - Perm, 1994. - 17 p.
  12. Krogngauz M. Where did the Slavic writing come from: [From the history of the activities of the Slavic first teachers] / M. Krongauz // Russian language (September 1st). - 1997. - No. 20. - S. 1-4.
  13. Lavrov A. "The Light of Book Understanding": In 863, the brothers Cyril and Methodius created the Slavic alphabet / A. Lavrov // Library. 1993. - No. 10. - S. 60-61.
  14. Lyzhova L.K. Holiday of Slavic culture and writing: [Materials for the oral journal] / L.K. Lyzhova // Russian language at school. - 1995. - No. 2. - S. 65-71.
  15. Malaya N. Treasures of the green chest / N. Malaya // Education of schoolchildren. - 2001. - No. 2. - S. 64-68.

Celebrated: in Russia, Ukraine, Belarus and others Slavic countries

Church name: Equal-to-the-Apostles Methodius and Cyril, teachers of Slovenian

Established:

  • Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Council of the Russian Federation No. 568-1 dated January 30, 1991
  • Decree of the President of Ukraine No. 1096/2004 dated 17.09.2004
  • In Belarus, it has been celebrated since 1986 as a state-church holiday

Meaning: in honor of Saints Cyril and Methodius

Traditions:

  • divine liturgies;
  • scientific and practical conferences;
  • religious processions;
  • Exhibitions;
  • cultural and leisure activities;
  • pilgrimages.

The Day of Slavic Literature and Culture is celebrated in memory of two enlighteners - Cyril and Methodius. The brothers made a huge contribution to the development Slavic society, his culture. The writing they created in the 9th century made it possible to capture best pages Russian history biographies of great people. Multiplied knowledge accumulated over many centuries Slavic people contributed to the spread of literacy. Socialization in the world civilization allowed him to take a corresponding place among other nations.

Who and when celebrates

The Day of Slavic Literature and Culture is celebrated annually on May 24, and 2018 is no exception. On January 30, 1991, by the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Council of the Russian Federation No. 568-1, he received the status of a state holiday in Russia.

The date is celebrated by linguists, representatives of the progressive public and religious organizations, Slavic scholars, cultural workers.

history of the holiday

In Russia, the holiday of writing was first officially celebrated in 1863, when a decision was made to honor the memory of Saints Cyril and Methodius on May 24. Official status received in 1991. Today is the Day of Slavic Literature and Culture - the only holiday in the Russian Federation that combines secular and religious events.

The brothers Cyril and Methodius were born into a noble family of a Byzantine commander. Both were literate and educated people of his time. The elder brother Methodius at the beginning of his life devoted himself to military affairs, but humanitarian inclinations and a thirst for knowledge led him to the monastery. The youngest of the brothers - Cyril - from childhood was distinguished by philological inclinations. He determined for himself the path of an educator and purposefully walked towards it. Having received the priesthood, he conducted library activities in the Hagia Sophia and taught philosophical sciences.

The merit of the brothers lies in the fact that they created the Slavic alphabet, developed the methodology of Slavic word combinations. They translated several sacred books, which contributed to the conduct and dissemination of worship in a language understandable to the Slavs.

Cyril and Methodius had deep knowledge of Greek and Eastern cultures. Summarizing their experience in the field of writing, the brothers created the first Slavic alphabet on the basis of Slavic scriptures. He became a great impetus for the development of culture and education in the Slavic states. Writing allowed the development of Russian book business and literature.

The significance of the contribution of the brothers-educators to the spread of writing, and with it religious knowledge, was highly appreciated by the ministers of the church. The brothers received the status of saints after their death and their own holiday.

Every year in Russia they celebrate the most historical and national holiday - the Day of Slavic Literature and Culture, on May 24th. How did he appear? To whom is it dedicated? How is it usually celebrated? Answers to these and many more important questions can be found in this article.

History of occurrence

May 24 - Day of Slavic Writing and Culture. The date of its origin is unknown. For sure, people only know that the creators of the holiday are the famous two brothers - Methodius and Cyril. They - preachers of Christianity - tried to translate Greek letters in an understandable Slavic language. The first alphabet appeared about 1150 years ago.

The holiday was established by church workers: they considered this literary feat worthy of special attention!

First, in 1980, the Bulgarians began to celebrate this holiday. Gradually, Russian people, Ukrainians and Belarusians began to adhere to this tradition.

Interesting facts about the origin of the alphabet

Two brothers lived around the middle of the 9th century. All their lives they preached in the Greek city of Thessalonica, devoting their existence to the study of Slavic writing. Real name younger brother- Konstantin. Even in his youth, he decided to become a monk, renaming himself Cyril. It was he who first thought about how to make the Greek language more understandable. Constantine began to translate each letter into Slavic. In honor of his new name, he called the created alphabet "Cyrillic". Constantine's interest was fully supported by his older brother. Together they managed to create the very alphabet that every Russian person studies in the lower grades of the school.

Morning starts with discussion

The history of the day of Slavic writing and culture is known to almost every person. In Russia, this day begins with the fact that according to all the news central channels congratulations on a wonderful event and reveal the most Interesting Facts about the holiday.

In the early morning, poets and writers come together in order to resolve the bearing problems and take any measures to solve them. Each city hosts important forums with discussions.

Who is the holiday dedicated to?

Many are concerned about the question of who is dedicated to the holiday of Slavic writing and culture? Absolutely all people living on the territory of the Russian Federation and in other regions have the right to celebrate it. All the inhabitants of the planet Earth, to one degree or another, are related to the alphabet. They write letters, read, learn letters in school years. The same was done by their distant ancestors.

It is imperative to thank the creators of the main national event on this day by visiting the church.

Activities for children

In each region, on May 24, before the last call, an event is held, dedicated to the day Slavic writing and culture for children. Of course, the kids from kindergarten it is difficult to perceive such information, but schoolchildren master it in full. The solemn event, as a rule, is divided into several main parts:

  • First of all, class hours are organized. Teachers or guests from local library come to schoolchildren in order to tell all listeners a brief history of this memorable event. For clarity, they use pictures, videos or presentations. In some cases, the children themselves prepare for this holiday. Previously, they prepare a report on this topic and take turns telling each other interesting facts.
  • Next, teachers tell their students about the best works in the field of world literature and recommend a list of books that should be read during the summer holidays.
  • The third part of the program is a solemn event, which is usually held in the assembly hall. The kids are getting ready for it for a long time. They read poetry from the stage, play scenes from famous works of art and sing songs.

If the holiday on May 24, the Day of Slavic Writing and Culture, fell on a weekend, then it is held on the last weekday before it.

Activities for adults

The celebration of the day of Slavic writing and culture in each region is also held for adults. It is also divided into several main components.

  • First of all, in palaces, on city squares or parks, an awards ceremony is held. The most outstanding teachers, philologists, librarians, poets, writers, poets and other literary workers receive gratitude for their merits in this hard work.
  • The second part of the ceremony is a concert. Local amateur groups perform there, modern poets read their own poems, and you can also see some interesting scenes.
  • In some cities, quizzes are held for those who are familiar with the history of this holiday. By participating in the competition, you can win a valuable souvenir.

In every corner of the country on May 24, on the Day of Slavic Literature and Culture, there is some special pacifying atmosphere.

Cultural and entertainment events

Each city organizes a free exhibition on the Day of Slavic Literature and Culture. It will be interesting to absolutely everyone, even to those who are far from literary field. On it you can see what the paintings of Cyril and Methodius looked like, the first Slavic letters and old books.

Almost everything is open on this day. historical museums. For everyone, there are informative lessons that allow you to better get acquainted with this national holiday. In the evening, poetry concerts are held in many halls, where the most outstanding poets perform with their the best works. Basically, all events on this day are free of charge.

Services are held in churches. All believers can come to the temple and thank the two holy brothers for their great contribution to literary work.

Presents

What to give the hero of the occasion on this day? There are several options. You can make your choice depending on financial capabilities:

  • A souvenir or figurine to decorate the table of a creative person.
  • Luxury pen in a gift box.
  • Printer ink or white paper packaging.
  • Exclusive book.
  • Notebook.
  • Computer, laptop or any component for it (mouse, pad, keyboard, etc.).
  • Lamp for lighting.

It is not at all necessary that the gift be associated with literary activity. You can also please a person with a bouquet of flowers, fragrant perfume or jewelry. It will be nice to receive any sweet souvenir that will positively affect a person’s intellectual activity.

In verse

It is important to first think about holding a day of Slavic writing and culture, but you also need to take care in advance of preparing a congratulatory speech for the hero of the occasion. For example, you can use the following option for this purpose:

“There is always an empty sheet before your eyes,

So today I want to write a small congratulations on it.

Let all your letters easily add up to words.

And colorful sentences are formed from them.”

A capacious, bright and small congratulation will be glad to hear any person related to literature.

In prose

It is very difficult to surprise a talented person whose work is connected with literature with a beautiful verse. It is best to prepare a congratulation in prose, which will be filled with maximum sincerity, touchingness and tenderness. For example, for this purpose, a message of the following form is suitable:

“Today is the day of glory of Slavic writing. I would like to congratulate you on your professional holiday. Let talent never leave you, the muse is always present and good mood, which will allow you to create new legendary projects. We really want to thank you for your invaluable work. Thanks to you, we were able to learn to love, think right and enjoy life. We wish you good health, new ideas and the realization of all your goals.”

Such a text is perfect for congratulating a poet, writer, librarian and any person whose work is directly related to literature.

Every year on May 24, a legendary holiday dedicated to Slavic writing and culture takes place. To him, simply no one can remain indifferent. In every city, pleasant words are heard addressed to outstanding specialists, thematic exhibitions and activities. Unfortunately, this day has not yet been declared a holiday, so people are forced to go to work. In the evening, they can also join this pleasant event. The main purpose of its holding is to learn to appreciate the importance of literature for every person.