The most famous Russian folk tales. Russian folk tales and national character

We were all children once and all of us, without exception, loved fairy tales. After all, in the world of fairy tales there is a special and extraordinary style, filled with our dreams and fantasies. Without even fairy tales real world loses its colors, becomes ordinary and boring. But where did everyone come from? famous heroes? Perhaps, once upon a time a real Baba Yaga and a goblin walked the earth? Let's figure it out together!

According to V. Dahl’s definition, “a fairy tale is a fictional story, an unprecedented and even unrealistic story, a legend.” But the New Illustrated Encyclopedia gives the following definition of a fairy tale: “this is one of the main genres of folklore, epic, mainly prose work magical, adventurous or everyday character with a focus on fiction.” And of course, one cannot help but recall the words of our great poet: “A fairy tale is a lie, but there is a hint in it!” Good fellows lesson!"

That is, whatever one may say, a fairy tale is fiction... But everything in it is unusual, magical and very attractive. There is a immersion into a mysterious, enchanted world, where animals speak human voice, where objects and trees move on their own, where good necessarily defeats evil.

Each of us remembers how the Fox was punished for tricking the Bunny out of the hut (“The Fox and the Hare”), how cruelly the stupid Wolf, who took the cunning Fox’s word for it, paid with his tail (“The Wolf and the Fox”), how quickly they got over it with a turnip (“Turnip”), when they decided to pull it together and also did not forget to call the Mouse, just as the strong forgot about the weak in the fairy tale “Teremok” and what this led to...

Smart, kind, correct, highly moral, embedded in fairy tales helps to bring up the best in our children human qualities. The fairy tale teaches life wisdom. And these values ​​are eternal; they make up what we call spiritual culture.

Among other things, the invaluable nature of fairy tales lies in the fact that they provide an opportunity to introduce children to the life and way of life of the Russian people.

What does Russian village mean? What did a tree, a forest mean to a Russian person? And household items: dishes, clothes, shoes (the famous bast shoes alone are worth it!), musical instruments(balalaika, gusli). This is our opportunity to tell and show children how people lived in Russia before, how the culture of a great people took shape, of which we, their parents, grandparents, by the will of fate, became a part.

Russian folk tales are also an invaluable assistant in developing a child’s language and speech skills. Words and expressions from fairy tales with their ancient and deep meaning are laid down in our consciousness and live in us, regardless of where we ourselves are.

Fairy tales provide an opportunity to expand your vocabulary on any topic (whether it be tales about animals, everyday life or magic). Traditional Russian repetitions, special melody, rare “forgotten” words, proverbs and sayings, which are so rich in Russian speech: all this makes it possible to make a fairy tale accessible, understandable for children’s consciousness, and helps to remember it easily and quickly. And all this develops children’s imagination, teaches them beautiful and coherent speech. (Who knows, maybe those fairy tales that they begin to invent after Russian folk tales will also one day enter the treasury of the language).

A fairy tale is special literary genre, a story unfolding in a timeless and spaceless dimension. Characters such a story - fictional characters who fall into difficult situations and emerging from them thanks to assistants, most often endowed with magical properties. At the same time, insidious villains plot various intrigues against them, but in the end good wins. The creation of fairy tales has an ancient history.

FROM THE HISTORY OF FAIRY TALES:

Fairy tales appeared in such ancient times that it is very difficult to accurately determine the time of their birth. We know just as little about their authors. Most likely, the fairy tales were composed by the same peasants and shepherds who often acted as the main characters of the story.

Has anyone ever wondered if there is something behind these legends? real events whether fairy-tale heroes were the most ordinary people, whose life and adventures could become the basis for fairy tales. Why not? For example, a goblin could be someone who lived in the forest for a long time, was unaccustomed to communicating with people, but got along well with the forest and its inhabitants. Well, Vasilisa is a beauty - everything is clear here. But Koschey the Immortal looks like an old man who married a young girl.

But the situation is more interesting. Our land is located at the crossroads of roads from Europe to Asia, from south to north and vice versa. That is why we lived in close connection with neighboring peoples. From the north, we were contacted by the Vikings, who were a step higher in development than us. They brought us metal and weapons, their legends and fairy tales - and we brought them clothes, shoes and food, everything that our land is rich in. From there the fairy tale about Baba Yaga, where she was the evil old woman Heel on two bone legs, who lives in a separate hut on the outskirts of the forest, guards the souls of the dead and is a border point in the transition from earthly life to the afterlife. She is not particularly kind and day after day creates a lot of trials and troubles for those who walk this road. That is why the heroes of our fairy tales, driven into a remote corner by their troubles, come to Baba Yaga.

Transmitted fairy tales from mouth to mouth, from generation to generation, changing them along the way and adding new details.

Tales were told by adults and - contrary to our current view- not only for children, but for adults too.

Fairy tales taught us how to get out of difficult situations, overcome trials with honor, conquer fear - and every fairy tale ended with a happy ending.

Some scientists believe that the origins of fairy tales lie in primitive rituals. The rituals themselves were forgotten, but the stories were preserved as treasures of useful and instructive knowledge.

It is difficult to say when the first fairy tale appeared. This is probably not possible “either to say in a fairy tale or to describe with a pen.” But it is known that the first fairy tales were dedicated to natural phenomena and their main characters were the Sun, the Wind and the Moon.

A little later they took on a relatively human form. For example, the owner of water is Grandfather Vodyanoy, and Leshy is the owner of the forest and forest animals. It is these images that indicate that folk tales were created at a time when people humanized and animated all the elements and forces of nature.

Another important aspect of beliefs primitive people, which is reflected in folk tales, is the veneration of birds and animals. Our ancestors believed that each clan and tribe comes from a specific animal, which was the patron of the clan (totem). That is why Voron Voronovich, Falcon or Eagle often act in Russian fairy tales.

Also, ancient rituals (for example, initiation of a boy into hunters and warriors) found their expression in folk tales. It is surprising that it was with the help of fairy tales that they came to us in an almost primordial form. Therefore, folk tales are very interesting for historians.

FAIRY TALES AND NATIONAL CHARACTER

Fairy tales reveal all the most important aspects of Russian life. Fairy tales are an inexhaustible source of information about national character. Their strength lies in the fact that they not only reveal it, but also create it. Fairy tales reveal many individual character traits of Russian people and their peculiarities. inner world and ideals.

Here is a typical dialogue (fairy tale “The Flying Ship”):

The old man asks the fool: “Where are you going?”

- “Yes, the king promised to give his daughter to the one who makes a flying ship.”

- “Can you make such a ship?”

- “No, I can’t!” - “So why are you going?” - “God knows!”

For this wonderful answer (because it is honest!) the old man helps the hero get the princess. This eternal wandering “I don’t know where”, in search of “I don’t know what” is inherent in all Russian fairy tales, and indeed in all Russian life in general.

Even in Russian fairy tales, as well as among the Russian people, faith in miracles is strong.

Of course, all fairy tales in the world are based on some extraordinary events. But nowhere does the miraculous dominate the plot as much as in Russians. It piles up, overwhelms the action and is always believed in, unconditionally and without a shadow of a doubt.

Russian fairy tales also testify to the special faith of the Russian person in the meaning of the spoken word. Thus, there is a separate cycle from the category of fairy tales-legends, in which the entire plot is tied to various kinds of accidentally escaped curses. It is characteristic that only Russian versions of such tales are known. IN fairy tales the importance of the spoken word is also emphasized, the need to keep it: he promised to marry the one who finds the arrow - he must fulfill it; if you kept your word and went to your father’s grave, you will be rewarded; made a promise to marry the one who stole the wings - fulfill it. All fairy tales are filled with these simple truths.

The word opens doors, turns the hut, breaks the spell. The sung song brings back the memory of the husband, who forgot and did not recognize his wife, the little goat with his quatrain (except for him, apparently, he does not know how to say anything, otherwise he would have explained what happened) saves his sister Alyonushka and himself. The word is believed, without any doubt. “I’ll be of use to you,” says some bunny, and the hero lets him go, confident (as is the reader) that this will happen.

Often heroes are rewarded for their suffering. This theme is also especially loved by Russian fairy tales. Often sympathies are on the side of heroes (even more often - heroines) not because of their special qualities or the actions they committed, but because of the life circumstances - misfortune, orphanhood, poverty - in which they found themselves. In this case, salvation comes from the outside, from nowhere, not as a result of the active actions of the hero, but as the restoration of justice. Such fairy tales are designed to instill compassion, sympathy for one’s neighbor, and a feeling of love for all those who suffer. How can one not recall the thought of F. M. Dostoevsky that suffering is necessary for a person, because it strengthens and purifies the soul.

The attitude of the Russian people to work reflected in fairy tales seems peculiar. Here is a seemingly incomprehensible fairy tale about Emelya the Fool from the point of view of ideals.

He lay on the stove all his life, did nothing, and did not hide the reason, he answered “I’m lazy!” to all requests for help. Once I went out into the water and caught a magic pike. The continuation is well known to everyone: the pike persuaded him to let her go back into the hole, and for this she undertook to fulfill all of Emelya’s wishes. And so "by pike command“, at my request,” a sleigh without a horse carries a fool to the city, the ax chops the wood itself, and they are put into the oven, the buckets march into the house without outside help. Moreover, Emelya also got the royal daughter, also not without the intervention of magic.

The ending, however, is still hopeful (in children's retellings for some reason it is often omitted): “The fool, seeing that all people are like people, and he alone was bad and stupid, wanted to become better and for this he said: “As a pike by command, and at my request, that I become such a fine fellow, that nothing like this should happen to me, and that I be extremely smart!” And as soon as he had time to speak, at that very moment he became so beautiful, and also smart, that everyone was surprised.”

This tale is often interpreted as a reflection eternal inclination Russian person to laziness, idleness.

She's talking, rather, about heaviness. peasant labor, which gave birth to a desire to relax, making me dream of a magical assistant.

Yes, if you are lucky and catch a miracle pike, you can happily do nothing, lie on a warm stove and think about the Tsar’s daughter. All this, of course, is also unrealistic for the man who dreams of it, like a stove driving through the streets, and the usual difficult daily work awaits him, but you can dream about pleasant things.

The fairy tale also reveals another difference between Russian culture - it does not have the sanctity of the concept of labor, that special reverent attitude, on the verge of “work for the sake of labor itself,” which is characteristic, for example, of Germany or modern America. It is known, for example, that one of the common problems among Americans is the inability to relax, distract themselves from business, and understand that nothing will happen if they go on vacation for a week. For a Russian person there is no such problem - he knows how to relax and have fun, but perceives work as inevitable.

The famous philosopher I. Ilyin considered such “laziness” of the Russian person to be part of his creative, contemplative nature. “We were taught, first of all, by our flat space,” wrote the Russian thinker, “by our nature, with its distances and clouds, with its rivers, forests, thunderstorms and blizzards. Hence our insatiable gaze, our dreaminess, our contemplating “laziness” (A.S. Pushkin), behind which lies strength creative imagination. Russian contemplation was given beauty that captivated the heart, and this beauty was introduced into everything - from fabric and lace to residential and fortified buildings.” There may be no zeal and exaltation of work, but there is a feeling of beauty, merging with nature. This also bears fruit - rich folk art, expressed, among other things, in a fairy-tale heritage.

The attitude towards wealth is clear. Greed is perceived as big vice. Poverty is a virtue.

This does not mean that there is no dream of prosperity: difficulties peasant life made us dream of a self-assembled tablecloth, of a stove in which “goose meat, pig meat, and pies - apparently and invisible! One word to say - whatever the soul wants, everything is there! the bride received was also nice to dream about on long winter evenings.

But wealth comes to the heroes easily, casually, when they don’t even think about it, as an additional prize for a good bride or a saved wife. Those who strive for it as an end in itself are always punished and remain “with nothing.”

1 - About the little bus who was afraid of the dark

Donald Bisset


A fairy tale about how mother bus taught her little bus not to be afraid of the dark... About the little bus who was afraid of the dark read Once upon a time there was a little bus in the world. He was bright red and lived with his dad and mom in the garage. Every morning …

2 - Three kittens

Suteev V.G.

A little fairy tale for the little ones about three fidgety kittens and their funny adventures. Little kids love it short stories with pictures, that’s why Suteev’s fairy tales are so popular and loved! Three kittens read Three kittens - black, gray and...

3 - Hedgehog in the fog

Kozlov S.G.


A fairy tale about a Hedgehog, how he was walking at night and got lost in the fog. He fell into the river, but someone carried him to the shore. It was a magical night! Hedgehog in the fog read Thirty mosquitoes ran out into the clearing and began to play...

4 - About the mouse from the book

Gianni Rodari


A short story about a mouse who lived in a book and decided to jump out of it into Big world. Only he did not know how to speak the language of mice, but knew only a strange book language... Read about a mouse from a book...

5 - Apple

Suteev V.G.


A fairy tale about a hedgehog, a hare and a crow who could not divide the last apple among themselves. Everyone wanted to take it for themselves. But the fair bear judged their dispute, and each got a piece of the treat... Apple read It was late...

6 - Black Pool

Kozlov S.G.


A fairy tale about a cowardly Hare who was afraid of everyone in the forest. And he was so tired of his fear that he decided to drown himself in the Black Pool. But he taught the Hare to live and not be afraid! Black Whirlpool read Once upon a time there was a Hare...

7 - About the Hippopotamus, who was afraid of vaccinations

Suteev V.G.

A fairy tale about a cowardly hippopotamus who ran away from the clinic because he was afraid of vaccinations. And he fell ill with jaundice. Luckily, he was taken to the hospital and treated. And the hippopotamus became very ashamed of his behavior... About the Hippopotamus, who was afraid...

8 - Mom for Baby Mammoth

Nepomnyashchaya D.


A fairy tale about a baby mammoth that melted out of the ice and went to look for its mother. But all the mammoths have long since died out, and the wise Uncle Walrus advised him to sail to Africa, where elephants live, which are very similar to mammoths. Mom for...

Saying

The owl was flying -

Cheerful head;

So she flew, flew and sat down;

She twirled her tail

Yes, I looked around...

This is a saying. What about a fairy tale?

The whole fairy tale is ahead.

Russian folk tale "The Golden Egg"

There lived a grandfather and a woman,

And they had Ryaba chicken.

The hen laid an egg:

The egg is not simple, golden.

Grandfather beat, beat -

Didn't break it;

Baba beat, beat -

Didn't break it.

The mouse ran

She waved her tail -

The egg fell

And it crashed.

Grandfather and woman are crying;

The hen clucks:

- Don't cry, grandfather, don't cry, woman.

I'll lay another egg for you,

Not golden, simple.

Russian folk tale "Turnip"

Grandfather planted a turnip and the turnip grew big and big. The grandfather began to pull the turnip out of the ground: he pulled and pulled, but could not pull it out.

The grandfather called the grandmother for help. Grandma for grandfather, grandfather for turnip: they pull and pull, but they can’t pull it out.

The grandmother called her granddaughter. The granddaughter for the grandmother, the grandmother for the grandfather, the grandfather for the turnip: they pull and pull, but they cannot pull it out.

The granddaughter called to Zhuchka. A bug for a granddaughter, a granddaughter for a grandmother, a grandmother for a grandfather, a grandfather for a turnip: they pull and pull, but they can’t pull it out.

The bug called the cat Masha. Masha for the Bug, Zhuchka for the granddaughter, granddaughter for the grandmother, grandmother for the grandfather, grandfather for the turnip: they pull and pull, but they can’t pull it out.

The cat Masha clicked the mouse. Mouse for Masha, Masha for Bug, Bug for granddaughter, granddaughter for grandmother, grandmother for grandfather, grandfather for turnip: pull and pull - they pulled out the turnip!

Russian folk tale "Kolobok"

Once upon a time there lived an old man and an old woman.

So the old man asks:

- Bake me a bun for me, old lady.

- What should I bake it from? There is no flour.

- Eh, old woman, sweep the barn, scratch the knots - you’ll get enough.

The old woman did just that: she swept, scraped together two handfuls of flour, kneaded the dough with sour cream, rolled it into a bun, fried it in oil and laid it on the window to dry.

The little bun got tired of lying, he rolled from the window to the bench, from the bench to the floor and to the door, jumping over the threshold into the entryway, from the entryway to the porch, from the porch to the yard, and then beyond the gate further and further.

The bun is rolling along the road, and a hare meets it:

- No, don’t eat me, scythe, but rather listen to what song I’ll sing for you.

The hare raised his ears, and the bun sang:

I am a bun, a bun!

It's sweeping through the barn,

Scratching the knots,

Mixed with sour cream,

Sat in the oven,

It's cold at the window.

I left my grandfather

I left my grandmother

It’s not smart to get away from you, hare.

The bun is rolling along a path in the forest, and towards it Gray wolf:

- Kolobok, Kolobok! I will eat you!

“Don’t eat me, gray wolf: I’ll sing you a song.”

And the bun sang:

I am a bun, a bun!

It's sweeping through the barn,

Scratching the knots,

Mixed with sour cream,

Sat in the oven,

It's cold at the window.

I left my grandfather

I left my grandmother

I left the hare

It’s not smart to get away from you, wolf.

The bun is rolling through the forest, and a bear comes towards it, breaking brushwood, bending bushes to the ground.

- Kolobok, Kolobok, I will eat you!

- Well, where can you, clubfoot, eat me! Better listen to my song.

The gingerbread man began to sing, and Misha's ears perked up.

I am a bun, a bun!

It's sweeping through the barn,

Scratching the knots,

Mixed with sour cream,

Sat in the oven,

It's cold at the window..

I left my grandfather

I left my grandmother

I left the hare

I left the wolf

It would be a pain to leave you, bear.

And the bun rolled - the bear just looked after it.

The bun rolls, and a fox meets it:

- Hello, bun! How handsome and rosy you are!

Kolobok is glad that he was praised and began to sing his song, and the fox listens and creeps closer and closer.

I am a bun, a bun!

It's sweeping through the barn,

Scratching the knots,

Mixed with sour cream,

Sat in the oven,

It's cold at the window.

I left my grandfather

I left my grandmother

I left the hare

I left the wolf

Left the bear

It’s not smart to get away from you, fox.

- Nice song! - said the fox. “The trouble is, my dear, that I’ve become old and can’t hear well.” Sit on my face and sing it one more time.

Kolobok was delighted that his song was praised, jumped on the fox’s face and sang:

I am a bun, a bun!..

And his fox is a racket! - and ate it.

Russian folk tale "The Cockerel and the Bean Seed"

Once upon a time there lived a cockerel and a hen. The cockerel was in a hurry, still in a hurry, and the hen kept saying to herself:

- Petya, don’t rush, Petya, don’t rush.

Once a cockerel pecked bean seeds in a hurry and choked. He's choking, can't breathe, can't hear, as if he's lying dead.

The chicken got scared, rushed to the owner, shouting:

- Oh, hostess, hurry up and lubricate the cockerel’s neck with butter: the cockerel choked on a bean seed.

The hostess says:

“Run quickly to the cow, ask her for milk, and I’ll whip up some butter.”

The chicken rushed to the cow:

“Cow, my dear, give me some milk quickly, the hostess will make butter out of the milk, I’ll lubricate the cockerel’s neck with butter: the cockerel choked on a bean seed.”

“Go quickly to the owner, let him bring me some fresh grass.”

The chicken runs to its owner:

- Master! Master! Quickly give the cow some fresh grass, the cow will give milk, the hostess will make butter from the milk, I will lubricate the cockerel’s neck with butter: the cockerel choked on a bean seed.

- Run quickly to the blacksmith for a scythe.

The chicken ran as fast as she could to the blacksmith:

- Blacksmith, blacksmith, give it to the owner quickly good braid. The owner will give the cow grass, the cow will give milk, the hostess will give me butter, I will lubricate the cockerel’s neck: the cockerel choked on a bean seed.

The blacksmith gave the owner a new scythe, the owner gave the cow fresh grass, the cow gave milk, the hostess churned butter, and gave butter to the chicken.

The chicken greased the neck of the cockerel. The bean seed slipped through. The cockerel jumped up and shouted at the top of his lungs:

“Ku-ka-re-ku!”

Russian folk tale "The Little Goats and the Wolf"

Once upon a time there lived a goat. The goat made herself a hut in the forest. Every day the goat went to the forest for food. She herself will leave, and tells the children to lock themselves tightly and not open the doors to anyone.

The goat returns home, knocks on the door with its horns and sings:

- Little goats, little kids,

Open up, open up!

Your mother has come,

I brought milk.

I, a goat, was in the forest,

I ate silk grass,

I drank cold water;

Milk runs down the shelf,

From the markings to the hooves,

And from the hooves there is dirt in the cheese.

The kids will hear their mother and open the door for her. She will feed them and go off to graze again.

The wolf overheard the goat and, when she left, went up to the door of the hut and sang in a thick, very fat voice:

- You, children, you, fathers,

Open up, open up!

Your mother has come,

Brought milk...

The hooves are full of water!

The little goats listened to the wolf and said:

And they did not open the door to the wolf. The wolf left unsalted.

The mother came and praised the children for listening to her:

“You are smart, kids, for not opening the door to the wolf, otherwise he would have eaten you.”

Russian folk tale "Teremok"

There was a tower in the field. A fly flew in and knocked:

Nobody responds. A fly fly flew in and began to live in it.

A jumping flea galloped up:

- Terem-teremok! Who lives in the mansion?

- I, a grief fly. And who are you?

- And I’m a jumping flea.

- Come live with me.

The jumping flea jumped into the little house, and they began to live together.

A squeaking mosquito has arrived:

- Terem-teremok! Who lives in the mansion?

- I, a burning fly, and a jumping flea. And who are you?

- And I am a squeaking mosquito.

- Come live with us.

The three of them began to live together.

A little mouse came running:

- Terem-teremok! Who lives in the mansion?

- I, a burning fly, a jumping flea and a squeaking mosquito. And who are you?

- And I’m a little mouse.

- Come live with us.

The four of them began to live.

The frog-frog jumped up:

- Terem-teremok! Who lives in the mansion?

- I, a burning fly, a jumping flea, a squeaking mosquito and a little mouse. And who are you?

- And I'm a frog.

- Come live with us.

Five began to live.

The stray bunny galloped up:

- Terem-teremok! Who lives in the mansion?

- I, a fly-fly, a flea-hopper, a mosquito-squeaker, a mouse-hole, a frog-frog. And who are you?

- And I’m a stray bunny.

- Come live with us.

There were six of them.

The little fox-sister came running:

- Terem-teremok! Who lives in the mansion?

- I, a fly-fly, a flea-hopper, a mosquito-squeaker, a mouse-hole, a frog-frog and a stray bunny. And who are you?

- And I am a fox-sister.

There were seven of them living.

A gray wolf came to the mansion - grabbing from behind the bushes.

- Terem-teremok! Who lives in the mansion?

- I, a fly-fly, a flea-hopper, a mosquito-squeaker, a mouse-hole, a frog-frog, a rogue bunny and a little fox-sister. And who are you?

“And I’m a gray wolf, grasping from behind the bushes.”

They began to live and live.

A bear came to the mansion and knocked:

- Terem-teremok! Who lives in the mansion?

“I, a fly-fly, a flea-hopper, a mosquito-squeaker, a mouse-hole, a frog-frog, a stray bunny, a little fox-sister, and a wolf—grabbing from behind the bushes.” And who are you?

- And I’m a bear - you crush everyone. If I lie down on the tower, I’ll crush everyone!

They got scared and everyone ran away from the mansion!

And the bear hit the tower with its paw and broke it.

Russian folk tale “The Cockerel is the Golden Comb”

Once upon a time there was a cat, a thrush and a cockerel - a golden comb. They lived in the forest, in a hut. The cat and the blackbird go into the forest to chop wood, and leave the cockerel alone.

If they leave, they are severely punished:

“We’ll go far, but you stay to be a housekeeper, and don’t raise your voice; when the fox comes, don’t look out the window.”

The fox found out that the cat and thrush were not at home, ran to the hut, sat under the window and sang:

Cockerel, cockerel,

golden comb,

Butterhead,

Silk beard,

Look out the window

I'll give you some peas.

The cockerel put his head out the window. The fox grabbed him in her claws and carried him to her hole.

The cockerel crowed:

The fox is carrying me

For the dark forests,

Behind fast rivers,

For the high mountains...

Cat and blackbird, save me!..

The cat and the blackbird heard it, gave chase and took the cockerel from the fox.

Another time, the cat and the blackbird went into the forest to chop wood and again punished:

- Well, now, rooster, don’t look out the window! We will go even further, we will not hear your voice.

They left, and the fox again ran to the hut and sang:

Cockerel, cockerel,

golden comb,

Butterhead,

Silk beard,

Look out the window

I'll give you some peas.

The boys were running

The wheat was scattered

The chickens are pecking

Roosters are not given...

- Ko-ko-ko! How can they not give it?!

The fox grabbed him in her claws and carried him to her hole.

The cockerel crowed:

The fox is carrying me

For the dark forests,

For fast rivers,

For the high mountains...

Cat and blackbird, save me!..

The cat and the blackbird heard it and rushed in pursuit. The cat is running, the blackbird is flying... They caught up with the fox - the cat is fighting, the blackbird is pecking, and the cockerel is taken away.

Whether long or short, the cat and the blackbird gathered again in the forest to chop wood. When leaving, they strictly punished the cockerel:

- Don't listen to the fox, don't look out the window! We will go even further, we will not hear your voice.

And the cat and the blackbird went far into the forest to chop wood. And the fox is right there - he sat under the window and sings:

Cockerel, cockerel,

golden comb,

Butterhead,

Silk beard,

Look out the window

I'll give you some peas.

The cockerel sits and says nothing. And the fox again:

The boys were running

The wheat was scattered

The chickens are pecking

Roosters are not given...

The cockerel keeps quiet. And the fox again:

People were running

Nuts were poured

The chickens are pecking

Roosters are not given...

The cockerel put his head out the window:

- Ko-ko-ko! How can they not give it?!

The fox grabbed him in her claws and carried him into her hole, beyond the dark forests, beyond the fast rivers, beyond the high mountains...

No matter how much the cockerel crowed or called, the cat and the blackbird did not hear him. And when we returned home, the cockerel was gone.

The cat and the blackbird ran in the Fox's footsteps. The cat is running, the thrush is flying... They ran to the fox's hole. The cat set up the caterpillars and let’s practice:

Ringing, rattling, harpers,

Golden strings...

Is Lisafya-kuma still at home?

Are you in your warm nest?

The fox listened, listened and thought:

“Let me see who plays the harp so well and hums sweetly.”

She took it and crawled out of the hole. The cat and the blackbird grabbed her - and began to beat and beat her. They beat and beat her until she lost her legs.

They took the cockerel, put it in a basket and brought it home.

And from then on they began to live and be, and they still live.

Russian folk tale "Geese"

An old man lived with an old woman. They had a daughter and a little son. The old people gathered in the city and ordered their daughter:

“We’ll go, daughter, into the city, bring you a bun, buy you a handkerchief; and you be smart, take care of your brother, don’t leave the yard.

The old people left; the girl sat her brother down on the grass under the window, and she ran outside and started playing. The geese swooped in, picked up the boy and carried him away on their wings.

The girl came running, and lo and behold, there was no brother! She rushed here and there - no! The girl called, the brother called, but he didn’t respond. She ran out into an open field - a flock of geese darted in the distance and disappeared behind the dark forest. “That’s right, the geese carried away my brother!” — the girl thought and set off to catch up with the geese.

The girl ran, ran, and saw that there was a stove.

- Stove, stove, tell me, where did the geese fly?

“Eat my rye pie, I’ll tell you.”

And the girl says:

“My father doesn’t even eat wheat!”

- Apple tree, apple tree! Where did the geese fly?

“Eat my forest apple, then I’ll tell you.”

“My father doesn’t even eat garden vegetables!” - the girl said and ran on.

The girl runs and sees: a milk river is flowing - the banks of jelly.

- Milk river - jelly banks! Tell me, where did the geese fly?

- Eat my simple jelly with milk - then I’ll tell you.

- My father doesn’t even eat cream!

The girl would have had to run for a long time, but a hedgehog came across her. The girl wanted to push the hedgehog, but she was afraid of getting hurt and asked:

- Hedgehog, hedgehog, where did the geese fly?

The hedgehog showed the way to the girl. The girl ran along the road and saw a hut standing on chicken legs, standing and turning. In the hut sits a Baba Yaga, a bone leg, a clay muzzle; My brother is sitting on a bench by the window, playing with golden apples. The girl crept to the window, grabbed her brother and ran home. And Baba Yaga called the geese and sent them in pursuit of the girl.

A girl is running, and the geese are completely catching up with her. Where to go? A girl ran to a milk river with jelly banks:

- Rechenka, my dear, cover me!

- Eat my simple jelly with milk.

The girl sipped jelly with milk. Then the river hid the girl under a steep bank, and the geese flew past.

The girl ran out from under the bank and ran further, but the geese saw her and again set off in pursuit. What should a girl do? She ran to the apple tree:

- Apple tree, my dear, hide me!

“Eat my forest apple, then I’ll hide it.”

The girl has nothing to do, she ate a forest apple. The apple tree covered the girl with branches, and the geese flew past.

The girl came out from under the apple tree and started running home. She runs, and the geese see her again - and come after her! They swoop down completely, flapping their wings over their heads. The girl barely ran to the stove:

- Oven, mother, hide me!

- Eat my rye pie, then I’ll hide it.

The girl quickly ate the rye pie and climbed into the oven. The geese flew past.

The girl got out of the stove and ran home at full speed. The geese saw the girl again and again chased her. They were about to swoop in, hit him in the face with their wings, and before long they would tear my brother out of his hands, but the hut was already not far away. The girl ran into the hut, quickly slammed the doors and closed the windows. The geese circled over the hut, screamed, and then flew to Baba Yaga with nothing.

An old man and an old woman came home and saw that the boy was at home, alive and well. They gave the girl a bun and a handkerchief.

Russian folk tale "The Crow"

Once upon a time there lived a crow, and she did not live alone, but with nannies, mothers, small children, and neighbors near and far. Birds arrived from overseas, large and small, geese and swans, little birds and little birds, built nests in the mountains, in valleys, in forests, in meadows and laid eggs.

The crow noticed this and, well, offend migratory birds and steal their testicles!

An owl was flying and saw that a crow was hurting large and small birds and carrying their testicles.

“Wait,” he says, “you worthless crow, we will find justice and punishment for you!”

And he flew far away, into the stone mountains, to the gray eagle. He arrived and asked:

- Father gray eagle, give us your righteous judgment on the offender crow! From her there is no life for either the small ones or big birds: he destroys our nests, steals our cubs, steals eggs and feeds them to his crows!

The gray eagle shook his head and sent his light, smaller ambassador, a sparrow, after the crow. The sparrow fluttered up and flew after the crow. She was about to make an excuse, but all the power of the birds, all the birdies, rose up against her, and well, pluck, peck, and drive her to the eagle for judgment. There was nothing to do - she croaked and flew, and all the birds took off and rushed after her.

So they flew to the eagle’s dwelling and settled in it, and the crow stood in the middle and preened in front of the eagle, preening itself.

And the eagle began to interrogate the crow:

“They say about you, crow, that you open your mouth for other people’s goods, that you steal young and eggs from large and small birds!”

“It’s a lie, Father Gray Eagle, it’s a lie, I’m only picking up shells!”

“Another complaint about you comes to me that when a peasant comes out to sow the arable land, you rise up with all your crows and, well, peck the seeds!”

- It’s a lie, Father Gray Eagle, it’s a lie! With my girlfriends, small children, children, and household members, I only carry worms from fresh arable land!

“And people everywhere are crying at you that when they cut the bread and pile the sheaves into heaps, you will fly in with all your crows and let’s play mischief, stir up the sheaves and break the heaps!”

- It’s a lie, Father Gray Eagle, it’s a lie! We are helping for the sake of a good cause - we sort out the haystacks, we give access to the sun and the wind so that the bread does not sprouted and the grain dries out!

The eagle got angry with the old liar crow and ordered her to be locked up in a prison, in a lattice house, behind iron bolts, behind damask locks. There she sits to this day!

Russian folk tale "The Fox and the Hare"

Once upon a time there lived a gray Bunny in a field, and there lived a little sister Fox.

That's how the frosts started, the Bunny began to shed, and when the cold winter came, with blizzards and snowdrifts, the Bunny completely turned white from the cold, and he decided to build himself a hut: he trained the little ones and let's fence the hut. The Fox saw this and said:

- What are you doing, little one?

“You see, I’m building a hut because of the cold.”

“Look, what a quick-witted one,” I thought.

Fox, - let me build a hut - but not a popular house, but chambers, a crystal Palace!

So she began to carry ice and lay the hut.

Both huts ripened at once, and our animals began to live in their own homes.

Liska looks through the icy window and chuckles at the Bunny: “Look, black-footed man, what a shack he’s built! It’s my business: it’s both pure and bright - just like a crystal palace!”

Everything was fine for the fox in winter, but when spring came and winter began to drive away the snow and warm the earth, then Liskin’s palace melted and ran downhill with water. How can Liska survive without a home? So she lay in wait when Bunny came out of his hut for a walk, to pluck snow grass and bunny cabbage, sneaked into Bunny’s hut and climbed onto the floor.

Bunny came, poked his head into the door - it was locked.

He waited a little and began knocking again.

- It’s me, master, the gray Bunny, let me in, Little Fox.

“Get out, I won’t let you in,” answered the Fox.

Bunny waited and said:

- Stop joking, Foxy, let me go, I really want to sleep.

And Lisa responded:

“Wait, scythe, that’s how I’ll jump out, jump out, and go shake you, only shreds will fly in the wind!”

The Bunny cried and went wherever his eyes led him. He met a gray wolf:

- Great, Bunny, what are you crying about, what are you grieving about?

- How can I not grieve, not grieve: I had a bast hut, Lisa’s was an ice hut. The fox's hut melted, went away like water, she captured mine and won't let me, the owner, in!

“But wait,” said the Wolf, “we will kick her out!”

- It’s unlikely, Volchenka, we’ll kick her out, she’s firmly entrenched!

“I’m not me if I don’t kick Lisa out!” - the Wolf growled.

So the Bunny was happy and went with the Wolf to chase the Fox. We've arrived.

- Hey, Lisa Patrikeevna, get out of someone else’s hut! - shouted the Wolf.

And the Fox answered him from the hut:

“Wait, just as soon as I get off the stove, I’ll jump out, I’ll jump out, and I’ll go and beat you up, and the pieces will just fly in the wind!”

- Oh-oh, so angry! - the Wolf grumbled, tucked his tail and ran into the forest, and the Bunny remained crying in the field.

The Bull is coming:

- Great, Bunny, what are you grieving about, what are you crying about?

“But how can I not grieve, how can I not grieve: I had a bast hut, and Lisa’s had an ice hut.” The fox's hut has melted, she has captured mine, and now she won't let me, the owner, home!

“But wait,” said the Bull, “we’ll kick her out.”

- No, Little Bull, it’s unlikely to drive her out, she’s firmly entrenched, the Wolf has already driven her out - he hasn’t kicked her out, and you, Bull, can’t kick her out!

“I’m not me if I don’t kick you out,” the Bull mumbled.

The Bunny was happy and went with the Bull to save the Fox. We've arrived.

- Hey, Lisa Patrikeevna, get out of someone else's hut! — the Bull mumbled.

And Lisa answered him:

“Wait, just as soon as I get off the stove, I’m going to go whip you, Bull, until the shreds fly in the wind!”

- Oh-oh, so angry! — the Bull mooed, threw his head back and let’s run away.

The bunny sat down next to a hummock and cried.

Here comes Mishka-Bear and says:

- Hello, oblique, what are you grieving about, what are you crying about?

“But how can I not grieve, how can I not grieve: I had a bast hut, and the Fox had an ice hut.” The fox's hut has melted, she has captured mine and won't let me, the owner, home!

“But wait,” said the Bear, “we’ll kick her out!”

- No, Mikhailo Potapych, it’s unlikely to kick her out, she’s firmly entrenched. The wolf chased, but did not drive out. The bull drove - he didn’t drive him out, and you can’t drive him out!

“It’s not me,” the Bear roared, “if I don’t survive the Fox!”

So the Bunny was happy and went, bouncing, with the Bear to chase the Fox. We've arrived.

“Hey, Lisa Patrikeevna,” the Bear roared, “get out of someone else’s hut!”

And Lisa answered him:

“Wait, Mikhailo Potapych, just like I’m getting off the stove, I’ll jump out, I’ll jump out, I’ll go and scold you, you clumsy one, until the shreds fly in the wind!”

- Oooh, K8.K8.I'm fierce! - the Bear roared and began to run away.

What about the Hare? He began to beg the Fox, but the Fox didn’t even listen. So the Bunny began to cry and went wherever he looked and met the Kochet, the Red Rooster, with a saber on his shoulder.

- Great, Bunny, how are you doing, what are you grieving about, what are you crying about?

“How can I not grieve, how can I not grieve, if I’m being driven away from my native ashes?” I had a bast hut, and Lisitsa had an ice hut. The fox's hut has melted, she has taken over mine and won't let me, the owner, go home!

“But wait,” said the Rooster, “we’ll kick her out!”

- It’s unlikely, Petenka, you should kick him out, she’s stuck in too tightly! The Wolf chased her but didn’t kick her out, the Bull chased her but didn’t kick her out, the Bear chased her but didn’t kick her out, how can you control it!

“We’ll try,” said the Cockerel and went with the Hare to drive the Fox out.

When they arrived at the hut, the Rooster crowed:

He walks on his heels,

Carrying a saber on his shoulders

He wants to kill Liska,

Sew yourself a hat -

Come out, Lisa, have pity on yourself!

When Lisa heard the threat to Petukhova, she got scared and said:

- Wait, Cockerel, golden comb, silk beard!

And the Rooster cries:

- Ku-ka-re-ku, I’ll chop everything up!

- Petenka-Cockerel, take pity on the old bones, let me throw on a fur coat!

And the Rooster, standing at the door, shouts to himself:

He walks on his heels,

Carrying a saber on his shoulders

He wants to kill Liska,

Sew yourself a hat -

Come out, Lisa, have pity on yourself!

There was nothing to do, nowhere to go, the Fox opened the door and jumped out. And the Rooster settled with the Bunny in his hut, and they began to live, to be, and to accumulate goods.

Russian folk tale "The Fox and the Crane"

The fox and the crane became friends, even had sex with him in someone’s homeland.

So one day the fox decided to treat the crane and went to invite him to visit her:

- Come, kumanek, come, dear! How I can treat you!

The crane is going to a feast, and the fox made semolina porridge and spread it on the plate. Served and served:

- Eat, my little darling! I cooked it myself.

The crane slammed his nose, knocked, knocked, nothing hit!

And at this time the fox was licking and licking the porridge, so she ate it all herself.

The porridge is eaten; fox says:

- Don't blame me, dear godfather! There is nothing else to treat.

- Thank you, godfather, and that’s it! Come to visit me!

The next day the fox comes, and the crane prepared okroshka, put it in a jug with a small neck, put it on the table and said:

- Eat, gossip! Really, there’s nothing else to regale you with.

The fox began to spin around the jug, and would go in this way, and that way, and lick it, and sniff it, and still get nothing! My head won't fit into the jug. Meanwhile, the crane pecks and pecks until it has eaten everything.

- Well, don’t blame me, godfather! There is nothing more to treat!

The fox was annoyed: she thought that she would eat enough for a whole week, but she went home as if she was slurping unsalted food. As it came back, so it responded!

Since then, the fox and the crane have been apart in their friendship.

An invaluable source of wisdom and inspiration for a child. In this section you can read your favorite fairy tales online for free and give children the first most important lessons of world order and morality. It is from the magical narrative that children learn about good and evil, and also that these concepts are far from absolute. Each fairy tale presents its short description , which will help parents choose a topic that is relevant to the child’s age and give him a choice.

By listening to fairy tales, children not only acquire the necessary knowledge, but also learn to build relationships in society, relating themselves to one or another fictional character. From the experience of relationships between fairy-tale characters the child understands that he should not trust strangers unconditionally. Our website presents the most famous fairy tales for your children. Choose interesting tales in the table presented.

Why is it useful to read fairy tales?

The various plots of the fairy tale help the child understand that the world around him can be contradictory and quite complex. Listening to the hero's adventures, children virtually encounter injustice, hypocrisy and pain. But this is how the baby learns to value love, honesty, friendship and beauty. Always having a happy ending, fairy tales help the child to be optimistic and resist various kinds of life's troubles.

The entertainment component of fairy tales should not be underestimated. Listening fascinating stories has a lot of advantages, for example, compared to watching cartoons - there is no threat to the baby’s vision. Moreover, by listening to children's fairy tales performed by parents, the baby learns many new words and learns to correctly articulate sounds. The importance of this is difficult to overestimate, because scientists have long proven that nothing affects the future so much comprehensive development child's early speech development.

What kinds of fairy tales are there for children?

Fairy tales There are different ones: magical – exciting children’s imagination with a riot of imagination; household - telling about a simple Everyday life, in which magic is also possible; about animals - where the leading characters are not people, but various animals so beloved by children. Our website presents a large number of such fairy tales. Here you can read for free what will be interesting to your baby. Convenient navigation will help make finding the right material quick and simple.

Read the annotations to give the child the right to independently choose a fairy tale, because most modern child psychologists believe that the pledge future love The key to reading for children lies in the freedom to choose material. We give you and your child unlimited freedom in choosing wonderful children's fairy tales!

Fairy tales are poetic stories about extraordinary events and adventures involving fictional characters. In modern Russian, the concept of the word “fairy tale” has acquired its meaning since the 17th century. Until that point, the word "fable" was supposedly used in this meaning.

One of the main features of a fairy tale is that it is always based on an invented story, with a happy ending, where good defeats evil. The stories contain a certain hint that enables the child to learn to recognize good and evil, to comprehend life clear examples.

Read children's stories online

Reading fairy tales is one of the main and important stages on your child's path to life. Various stories make it clear that the world around us is quite contradictory and unpredictable. By listening to stories about the adventures of the main characters, children learn to value love, honesty, friendship and kindness.

Reading fairy tales is useful not only for children. Having grown up, we forget that in the end good always triumphs over evil, that all adversity is nothing, and a beautiful princess is waiting for her prince on a white horse. Give a little Have a good mood and plunge into fairy world simple enough!